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2023 PROXY STATEMENT

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2023 PROXY STATEMENT

PROXY STATEMENT FOR ANNUAL AND SPECIAL
MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS

TO BE HELD ON MAY 8, 2023

The Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders (the “Meeting”) of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated (the “Company” or “Ritchie Bros.”) will be held in a virtual-only format on May 8, 2023 at 11:00 a.m. (Pacific Time). On or about April 11, 2023, in connection withcorporation organized under the solicitation by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) of proxies for the Meeting, we anticipate that we will begin mailing to each shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting this Proxy Statement, Notice of Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders, the Company’s 2022 Annual Report and the form of proxy.

If you plan to attend the Meeting and your shares are held in “street name” — in an account with a bank, broker, or other nominee — you should follow the procedures in the materials and request voting instructions provided by or on behalf of such broker, bank or other nominee and arrange to be appointed as a proxy holder.

The Meeting will be held in a virtual-only format conducted via live audio webcast. Shareholders will not be able to attend the Meeting in person. Shareholders may listen to the Meeting, submit questions and vote online at: www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/rba2023.

You can vote your shares by internet, phone or mail, or if you hold your shares in “street name”, by following the instructions set forth in the voting instruction form provided by or on behalf of your broker, bank or other nominee.

If you need assistance to attend the Meeting, please contact our Corporate Secretary at 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada or by calling us at 778-331-5500.

On March 20, 2023, the Company completed its acquisition of IAA, Inc. (“IAA”) pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of November 7, 2022 and amended as of January 22, 2023 (the “Merger Agreement”), with Ritchie Bros. Holdings Inc., Impala Merger Sub I, LLC, Impala Merger Sub II, LLC, and IAA.  Because the IAA acquisition was completed in 2023, certain information reported in this Proxy Statement, including the Compensation Discussion and Analysis and related tables, relates to relevant periods prior to that date.

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Proxy Statement to “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated. Dollar amounts are presented in U.S. dollars unless otherwise specified. Except as otherwise stated, the information herein is given as of April 5, 2023.

2023 PROXY STATEMENT

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PROXY SUMMARY

This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this Proxy Statement. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider. For more complete information about these topics, please review our Annual Report on Form 10-K and the entire Proxy Statement.

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2023 PROXY STATEMENT

2023 PROXY STATEMENT

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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE MEETING,
PROXY MATERIALS AND VOTING

Why am I receiving this Proxy Statement?

The Company is providing the Notice of Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders and this Proxy Statement directly to shareholders who are shareholders of record at the close of business on April 5, 2023 and therefore are entitled to vote at the Meeting. This Proxy Statement describes issues on which the Company would like you, as a shareholder, to vote. It provides information on these issues so that you can make an informed decision. You do not need to attend the Meeting to vote your shares.

When you vote by internet, phone or mail, you appoint the proxy holders nominated by management, Erik Olsson, Board Chair, or Ann Fandozzi, Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”) of the Company, with full power of substitution, to be your representatives at the Meeting. A shareholder has the right to appoint a person or company other than the nominees of management named in the instrument of proxy to represent the shareholder at the Meeting. To exercise this right, a shareholder should insert the name of its nominee in the blank space provided. A person appointed as a proxy holder need not be a shareholder of the Company. As your representative(s), your proxy holder(s) will vote or withhold from voting the shares represented by the proxy at the Meeting (or any adjournments or postponements) in accordance with your instructions on any ballot that may be called. If you specify a choice in the proxy as to how your shares are to be voted with respect to any matter to be acted upon, the shares will be voted accordingly. With proxy voting, your shares will be voted whether or not you attend the Meeting. Even if you plan to attend the Meeting, we recommend that you vote by internet, phone or mail as soon as possible to ensure your vote is recorded in advance of the Meeting.

When you vote by internet, phone or mail, you will confer discretionary authority upon a proxy holder named in the instrument of proxy to vote your shares on any amendments or variations to matters identified in the accompanying Notice of Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders and any other matter which may properly come before the Meeting in respect of which such proxy has been granted, subject to any limitations imposed by law.

You may attend the Meeting via live audio webcast. The accompanying proxy materials include instructions on how to participate in the Meeting via the live audio webcast and how you may vote your shares online if you attend the Meeting. To submit your questions during the Meeting, please log on to www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/rba2023. You will need to enter the 16-digit control number received with your proxy card to enter the Meeting. If you have any technical difficulties or any questions regarding the virtual meeting website, please call the support team at the numbers listed on the log-in screen. If there are any technical issues in convening or hosting the meeting, we will promptly post information to our Investor Relations website, https://investor.ritchiebros.com/home/default.aspx, including information on when the meeting will be reconvened.

Why is the Meeting being held in a virtual-only format?

The Meeting is being held in a virtual-only format in order to provide all our shareholders with an equal opportunity to participate, regardless of their geographic location. We are one of many publicly traded companies to be holding a virtual-only annual meeting again this year. We are confident in the technology and believe that it enables shareholders to have an equal opportunity to participate in the Meeting in a safe and easy manner regardless of their geographic location.

Why does my name not appear as a shareholder of record?

Many, if not most, investors own their shares through a broker dealer or other nominee. Broker dealers frequently clear their transactions through other broker dealers, and may hold the actual certificates for shares in the name of securities depositories, such as Cede & Co. (operated by the Depository Trust Company) in the United States or CDS Clearing

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2023 PROXY STATEMENT

and Depository Services Inc. in Canada. In such a case, only the ultimate certificate holder appears on our records as a shareholder, even though that nominee may not have any economic interest in the shares that you actually own through your broker dealer. You should contact your broker dealer for more information about this process.

If your shares are held in an account with a brokerage firm, bank, dealer, or other similar organization, then you are the non-registered/beneficial owner of shares held in “street name” and these proxy materials are being forwarded to you by or on behalf of that organization. The registered holder of the shares is considered the shareholder of record for purposes of voting at the Meeting. As a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker, bank or other nominee on how to vote the shares in your account by following the instructions on the voting instruction form that is provided by or on behalf of the intermediary. You are also invited to attend the Meeting. However, since you are not the shareholder of record, you may not attend the Meeting remotely and vote your shares at the Meeting unless you arrange with your broker, bank, or other nominee to be appointed as proxy holder.

Who is making this solicitation and who will pay the related costs?

This solicitation is made on behalf of the management of the Company. No director has given management notice that he or she intends to oppose any action intended to be taken by management at the Meeting. The Company will bear the cost of soliciting proxies. In an effort to have as large a representation at the Meeting as possible, the Company’s directors, officers and employees may solicit proxies by telephone or in person in certain circumstances. These individuals will receive no additional compensation for their services other than their regular salaries. Upon request, the Company will reimburse brokers, dealers, banks, voting trustees and their nominees who are holders of record of common shares of the Company (the “Common Shares”) on the record date for the reasonable expenses incurred for mailing copies of the proxy materials to the beneficial owners of such shares.

The Company also has engaged MacKenzie Partners, Inc. and Laurel Hill Advisory Group as proxy solicitors to assist in the solicitation of proxies for the Meeting. The Company estimates that it will pay these proxy solicitors a fee of approximately $75,000 plus reimbursement for certain out-of-pocket fees and expenses. The Company has agreed to indemnify the proxy solicitors against various liabilities and expenses that relate to or arise out of its solicitation of proxies (subject to certain exceptions).

When is the record date?

The Board has fixed April 5, 2023, as the record date for the Meeting. Only holders of Common Shares and holders of Series A Senior Preferred Shares of the Company (the “Subordinate Voting Shares”) as of the close of business on that date will be entitled to vote at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

How many shares are outstanding and how many votes can be cast by all shareholders?

A total of 181,788,883 Common Shares and 485,000,000 Subordinate Voting Shares were outstanding as of April 5, 2023.

At the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, each holder of Common Shares as of the record date is entitled to one vote per Common Share held in connection with each matter to be acted upon at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

At the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, each holder of Subordinate Voting Shares as of the record date is entitled to 0.0139696 vote per Subordinate Voting Share held in connection with each matter to be acted upon at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, voting with the holders of the Common Shares on an as-converted basis and as a single class. Subordinate Voting Shares represent, as of the record date, 6,775,252 votes at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, which is the number of Common Shares into which the Subordinate Voting Shares could be converted as of the record date. Such number of votes represents approximately 3.6% of the aggregate voting rights attached to the Company’s securities as of the record date.

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Are there any shareholders that hold 10% or more of the shares that may be voted?

To the knowledge of the Company’s directors and executive officers, based on filings with Canadian securities regulators and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), no person beneficially owns, or controls or directs, directly or indirectly, Common Shares carrying more than 10% of the voting rights attached to the Common Shares of the Company.

To the knowledge of the Company’s directors and executive officers, as of April 5, 2023, various funds and a managed account to which Starboard Value LP serves as the investment manager or manager beneficially own, or control or direct, directly or indirectly, 485,000,000 Subordinate Voting Shares, representing 100% of the voting rights attached to the Subordinate Voting Shares. See “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters” on page 110.

What items of business will be voted on at the Meeting and how does the Board recommend I vote?

Shareholders will be asked to vote on the following:

• 6. any other business that may properly come before the Meeting. The Board recommends a vote: FOR each nominee for director; FOR the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s auditor until the next annual meeting of the Company and the authorization of the Audit Committee of the Board to fix the remuneration to be paid to the auditors; FOR the advisory vote on executive compensation; FOR the approval of the 2023 Plan; FOR the approval of the ESPP; and FOR the approval of the Name Change. What are my voting rights if I hold Common Shares? Each Common Share is entitled to one vote in connection with each matter to be acted upon at the Meeting. No cumulative rights are authorized, and dissenters’ rights are not applicable to any of the matters being voted upon. What are my rights if I hold Subordinate Voting Shares? Each Subordinate Voting Share is entitled to 0.0139696 of a vote in connection with each matter to be acted upon at the Meeting, voting with the holders of the Common Shares on an as-converted basis and as a single class. No cumulative rights are authorized, and dissenters’ rights are not applicable to any of the matters being voted upon. In the event of a take-over bid for the Common Shares, a holder of Subordinate Voting Shares may participate in such take-over bid by exercising the conversion rights attached to such Subordinate Voting Shares. Each outstanding Subordinate Voting Share shall be convertible into Common Shares at the option of the holder, subject to the terms and conditions contained in the articles of the Company. Under certain circumstances prescribed under the articles of the Company, a holder of Subordinate Voting Shares may also have the right to require the Company to redeem all or any portion of such holder’s Subordinate Voting Shares for cash in the event of a take-over bid. 6 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents How do I vote if I am a registered shareholder? If you are a registered shareholder, you may vote your shares by internet at www.proxyvote.com, by mail, by phone or by attending the Meeting and voting online. To vote by internet, you will need your voting control number, which can be found on your proxy card. To vote by mail, you should promptly complete, sign and return your proxy card. Joint owners wishing to complete a proxy form must each sign the proxy card. How do I vote if I am a non-registered/beneficial holder? If you are a non-registered/beneficial holder, you should receive a voting instruction form from a broker dealer or other nominee that you may use to instruct such persons how to vote your shares. If you receive a voting instruction form, you may exercise voting rights in respect of those shares in accordance with the procedures provided by the broker dealer or other nominee, which may include voting by mail, telephonically by calling the telephone number shown on the voting form or via the internet at the website shown on the voting instruction form. If you are a non-registered/beneficial holder, you are not considered to be a shareholder of record, and you will not be permitted to vote your shares at the Meeting unless you have obtained a proxy for those shares from the person or entity of record holding your shares. Should you require additional information regarding the Meeting, please contact our Corporate Secretary at 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada or by calling us at 778-331-5500. To participate in the Meeting, you will need the 16-digit control number included in your proxy card. Beneficial shareholders who do not have a control number may be able to gain access to the Meeting by logging into their broker, brokerage firm, bank or other nominee’s website and selecting the shareholder communications mailbox to link through to the Meeting; instructions should also be provided on the voting instruction form provided by your broker, bank or other nominee. Can shareholders vote at the Meeting? If you prefer, you may vote online at the Meeting. If you hold your shares through a brokerage account but do not have a physical share certificate, or the shares are registered in someone else’s name, you need to arrange with your stockbroker or the registered owner to be appointed as proxy holder entitling you to vote online at the Meeting. What does it mean if I receive more than one proxy card? If you receive more than one proxy card, it likely means that you have multiple accounts with the Company’s transfer agent and/or with stockbrokers. Please vote or arrange for voting of all of the shares. What if I share an address with another shareholder and we received only one copy of the proxy materials or what if I receive multiple copies? SEC rules permit companies and intermediaries such as brokers to send one envelope with individual copies of our proxy materials to multiple shareholders who share the same address, unless we receive contrary instructions from a shareholder. This process, which is commonly referred to as “householding”, provides cost savings for companies. Some brokers household proxy materials, delivering a single proxy statement to multiple shareholders sharing an address unless contrary instructions have been received from the affected shareholders. Once you have received notice from your broker that they will be householding materials to your address, householding will continue until you are notified otherwise or until you revoke your consent. If, at any time, you no longer wish to participate in householding and would prefer to receive a separate proxy statement, or if you are receiving duplicate copies of these materials and wish to have householding apply, please notify your broker. You may also call 800-542-1061 or write to: Broadridge, Householding Department, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, New York 11717, and include your name, the name of your broker or other nominee, and your account number(s). You can also request prompt delivery of a copy of this Proxy Statement and our 2022 Annual Report by written request to our Corporate Secretary at 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada or by calling us at 778-331-5500. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   7 Table of Contents May I revoke my proxy or change my vote? Yes. If you are a registered shareholder, you may revoke your proxy by: • signing another proxy with a later date and delivering it to Vote Processing, c/o Broadridge, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717 (according to the instructions on the proxy), not less than 48 hours (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and holidays) before the time for holding the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof; • signing and dating a written notice of revocation and delivering it to the registered office of the Company, 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada, at any time up to and including the last business day preceding the day of the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof; • attending the Meeting virtually and registering with the scrutineer of the Meeting as a shareholder present virtually and by signing and delivering a written notice of revocation to the Chair of the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof; or • in any other manner provided by law. If you have followed the process for attending and voting online at the Meeting, voting online at the Meeting will revoke your previous proxy. In addition, if you are a registered shareholder and have voted using the internet following the instructions as described in this Proxy Statement, you may change your vote by following the procedures described in this Proxy Statement to submit a vote with a later date prior to the voting deadline. If you are not a registered shareholder and wish to change your proxy nominee or your vote, you should consult your broker or nominee with respect to submitting new voting instructions. Intermediaries may set deadlines for the receipt of revocation notices that are farther in advance of the Meeting than those set out above and, accordingly, any such revocation should be completed well in advance of the deadline prescribed in the form of proxy or voting instruction form to ensure it is given effect at the Meeting. How are abstentions and broker non-votes counted? Shares held or represented by proxy by persons present at the Meeting in respect of which the holder or proxy holder does not vote, or abstains from voting, with respect to any proposal are counted for purposes of establishing a quorum. If a quorum is present, abstentions will not be included in vote totals and will not affect the outcome of the vote of any proposal contained in this year’s Proxy Statement. A “broker non-vote” occurs when a broker, bank or other agent has not received voting instructions from the beneficial owner of the shares and the broker, bank or other agent cannot vote the shares because the matter is considered “non-routine” under the rules of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). If a quorum is present, broker non-votes will not be counted as votes FOR or AGAINST such matter or, in the case of election of a director, as votes FOR or AGAINST with respect to such election, and also will not be counted as shares voting on such matter. Accordingly, abstentions and broker non-votes will have no effect on the voting on a matter that requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares voting on the matter. Under the NYSE rules, brokers or nominees are entitled to vote shares held for a beneficial owner on “routine” matters, such as the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent auditors, without instructions from the beneficial owner of those shares. However, absent instructions from the beneficial owner of such shares, a nominee is not entitled to vote shares held for a beneficial owner on certain “non-routine” matters. Accordingly, if you hold your shares in street name, it is critical that you arrange to exercise your voting right if you want it to count on all matters to be decided at the Meeting. How many votes are needed to hold the Meeting and approve the proposals and how does the Board recommend that I vote? To conduct the Meeting, the Company must have a quorum, which means that two persons must be present, and each entitled to vote and holding or representing by proxy not less than 33% of the votes entitled to be cast at the Meeting. The table below shows the votes needed to approve each of the proposals, as further described in each of the proposals and the Board’s recommendation for voting on each proposal. 8 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Proposals Votes Required Board Recommendation 1. Election of twelve nominees to serve as directors for a term of one year each expiring at the next annual meeting of the Company The nominees receiving a greater number of “FOR” votes cast at the Meeting than “AGAINST” will be elected. See “Proposal One: Election of Directors — Questions and Answers about the Election of Directors — Might directors be required to resign following the Meeting?” on page 12 for more information. FOR each nominee 2.  Appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s auditor until the next annual meeting of the Company and the authorization of the Audit Committee to fix the remuneration of the auditors Majority of votes cast at the Meeting voting FOR the proposal. For purposes of determining the number of votes cast, only “FOR” or “AGAINST” votes are counted. As such, abstentions are not treated as votes cast and are not counted in the determination of the outcome of the proposal. FOR 3.  Annual Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation Majority of votes cast at the Meeting voting FOR the proposal. This is an advisory vote and, while not binding on us, our Board and Compensation Committee value the opinions of all of our shareholders and will consider the outcome of this vote when making future decisions on executive compensation. FOR 4.  Approval of the 2023 Plan Majority of votes cast at the Meeting voting FOR the proposal. FOR 5. Approval of the ESPP Majority of votes cast at the Meeting voting FOR the proposal. FOR 6.  Approval of the Name Change 2/3 of votes cast at the Meeting voting FOR FOR Will my shares be voted if I do not vote by phone, internet or sign and return my Proxy Card or Voting Instruction Form? If your shares are registered in your name and you do not vote by phone, internet or sign and return your proxy card, or attend and vote online at the Meeting, your shares will not be voted at the Meeting. If your shares are held through an account with a brokerage firm, bank, dealer or other nominee, your brokerage firm or other nominee may vote your shares on certain “routine” matters as described above. How are votes counted? If your instructions as to voting in any instrument of proxy or voting instruction form are certain, your shares will be voted, withheld or abstained from voting in accordance with your instructions. If you do not specify a choice in the proxy card or voting instruction form as to any of the following matters, and one of the proxy holders recommended by management is appointed as proxy holder, your shares will be voted “FOR” the election of each director nominee named in this Proxy Statement and “FOR” each of proposals two through six, as recommended by the Board as further described in each of the proposals. Voting results will be tabulated and certified by a representative of Broadridge, ortransact such other entitybusiness as may be selected by the Company, as the scrutineer of the Meeting. What happens if additional matters are presented at the Meeting? Management of the Company is not aware of any amendments to or variations of any of the matters identified in the enclosed Notice of Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders nor of any other business which may be brought before the Meeting. When you vote by internet, phone or mail, you will confer discretionary authority upon a proxy holder named in the instrument of proxy to vote your shares on any amendments or variations to the 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   9 Table of Contents matters identified in the accompanying Notice of Annual and Special Meeting and on any other matter that may properly be brought before the Meeting in respect of which such proxy has been granted, subject to any limitations imposed by law. Where can I find the voting results of the Meeting? The Company will publish the voting results of the Meeting in a Current Report on Form 8-K, which is required to be filed with the SEC at www.sec.gov within four business days after the date of the Meeting and on SEDAR at www.sedar.com. How can I obtain additional information, including a copy ofMeeting.

The Meeting will be held in a virtual-only format conducted via live audio webcast. Shareholders will not be able to attend the Meeting in person. We have structured our virtual meeting to provide shareholders the same rights as if the Meeting were held in person. Shareholders may listen to the Meeting, submit questions and vote online at: http://www. virtualshareholdermeeting.com/rba2024 (the “2024 Meeting Website”). To be admitted to vote or ask questions at the Meeting at the 2024 Meeting Website, you must enter the control number found on your Notice of Availability of Proxy Materials, proxy card or voting instruction form. You may vote during the Meeting by following the instructions available on the 2024 Meeting Website during the Meeting.

Further information regarding the matters to be considered at the Meeting is set out in the accompanying proxy statement.

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2024 Proxy Statement and the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K? The Company will mail, without charge to any registered holder or beneficial owner of Common Shares and/or Subordinate Voting Shares, upon written request, a copy of its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, including the consolidated financial statements, management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, schedules and list of exhibits, and any particular exhibit specifically requested, any interim financial statements of the Company and the relevant management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations that have been filed with securities regulators for any period after the end of the Company’s most recently completed financial year and the Company’s proxy statement in respect of its most recent annual meeting of shareholders. Requests should be sent to our Corporate Secretary at 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada. The Company may require payment of a reasonable charge for reproduction if a person that is not a registered shareholder or beneficial owner of Common Shares and/or Subordinate Voting Shares makes the request. This Proxy Statement, the Annual Report on Form 10-K and additional information relating to the Company are also available at https://investor.ritchiebros.com, on SEDAR at www.sedar. com and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov. Financial information is provided in the Company’s comparative financial statements and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022 as contained in the Company’s Form 10-K.

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PROPOSAL ONE: ELECTION OF DIRECTORS

Questions and Answers about the Election of Directors

What is the current composition of the Board?

The Company’s current articles require the Board to have at least three and no more than twelve directors and provide that the Board is authorized to determine the actual number of directors within that range. The current Board is composed of the following twelve directors: Erik Olsson, Ann Fandozzi, Brian Bales, William Breslin, Adam DeWitt, Robert G. Elton, Lisa Hook, Timothy O’Day, Sarah Raiss, Michael Sieger, Jeffrey C. Smith and Carol M. Stephenson.

Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the Board increased its size from ten to twelve directors and appointed each of Brian Bales, William Breslin, Timothy O’Day and Michael Sieger to the Board as of March 20, 2023, each of whom had been designated by IAA and were recommended by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board. Pursuant to a Cooperation Agreement, dated January 22, 2023, among IAA and Ancora Alternatives LLC and certain of its affiliates, IAA had agreed to designate Mr. O’Day as an IAA designee to the Board in connection with the IAA acquisition. Upon the closing of the IAA acquisition, existing directors Mahesh Shah and Chris Zimmerman stepped down from the Board, with the appreciation of the Board for their commitment and valuable contributions to the Company.

In addition, pursuant to the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated January 22, 2023, with Starboard Value LP, certain of its affiliated funds and Jeffrey C. Smith (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”), Mr. Smith was appointed to the Board as of March 14, 2023. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement and the Securities Purchase Agreement, as applicable, the Company agreed to nominate Messrs. Bales, Breslin, O’Day, Sieger and Smith for election to the Board at the Meeting.

Is the Board divided into classes? How long is the term?

No, the Board is not divided into classes. All directors are elected for one-year terms to hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders unless he or she sooner ceases to hold office.

Who can nominate individuals for election as directors?

Shareholders may nominate director candidates pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of the Company’s by-laws, which includes advance notice provisions for nominations of directors by shareholders, and of the Company have fixed the close of business on March 18, 2024 as the record date for determining the shareholders entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the Meeting. Only registered shareholders of the Company as of March 18, 2024 will be entitled to vote online or by proxy at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

It is important that your shares be represented and voted at the Meeting. We urge you to vote your shares either by Internet, phone or mail as promptly as possible so your shares will be represented at the Meeting. Instructions on voting your shares are in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials you received for the Meeting. If you received paper copies of our proxy materials, instructions on voting your shares can be found on the enclosed proxy form. Internet voting facilities for shareholders of record will be available 24 hours a day and will close at 11:00 a.m. (Central Time) on May 3, 2024. To be effective, forms of proxy sent by mail must be received by Vote Processing, c/o Broadridge, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717, no later than 48 hours (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and holidays) before the time of the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

All non-registered shareholders who receive these materials through a broker or other intermediary should complete and return the materials in accordance with the instructions provided to them by such broker or intermediary.

DATED at Vancouver, British Columbia, as of this 25^th day of March, 2024.

By Order of the Board of Directors

Ryan Welsh

Canada Business Corporations Act (the “CBCA”to a corporation organized under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario); and

The Meeting will be held in a virtual-only format conducted via live audio webcast. Shareholders will not be able to attend the Meeting in person. We have structured our virtual meeting to provide shareholders the same rights as if the Meeting were held in person. Shareholders may listen to the Meeting, submit questions and vote online at: http://www. virtualshareholdermeeting.com/rba2024 (the “2024 Meeting Website”). To be admitted to vote or ask questions at the Meeting at the 2024 Meeting Website, you must enter the control number found on your Notice of Availability of Proxy Materials, proxy card or voting instruction form. You may vote during the Meeting by following the instructions available on the 2024 Meeting Website during the Meeting.

Further information regarding the matters to be considered at the Meeting is set out in the accompanying proxy statement.

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2024 Proxy Statement

The directors of the Company have fixed the close of business on March 18, 2024 as the record date for determining the shareholders entitled to receive notice of and to vote at the Meeting. Only registered shareholders of the Company as of March 18, 2024 will be entitled to vote online or by proxy at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

It is important that your shares be represented and voted at the Meeting. We urge you to vote your shares either by Internet, phone or mail as promptly as possible so your shares will be represented at the Meeting. Instructions on voting your shares are in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials you received for the Meeting. If you received paper copies of our proxy materials, instructions on voting your shares can be found on the enclosed proxy form. Internet voting facilities for shareholders of record will be available 24 hours a day and will close at 11:00 a.m. (Central Time) on May 3, 2024. To be effective, forms of proxy sent by mail must be received by Vote Processing, c/o Broadridge, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, NY 11717, no later than 48 hours (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and holidays) before the time of the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

All non-registered shareholders who receive these materials through a broker or other intermediary should complete and return the materials in accordance with the instructions provided to them by such broker or intermediary.

DATED at Vancouver, British Columbia, as of this 25^th day of March, 2024.

By Order of the Board of Directors

Ryan Welsh

Corporate Secretary

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2024 Proxy Statement

To Be Held on May 7, 2024

The Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders (the “Meeting”) of RB Global, Inc. (the “Company” or “RB Global”) will be held in a virtual-only format on May 7, 2024 at 11:00 a.m. (Central Time). On or about March 25, 2024, in connection with the solicitation by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) of proxies for the Meeting, we anticipate that we will begin mailing to each shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting either (1) a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or (2) this Proxy Statement, Notice of Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders, the Company’s 2023 Annual Report and the form of proxy.

We are providing proxy materials to our shareholders primarily via a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials instead of mailing printed copies of these materials to each shareholder. The Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials contains instructions about how to access our proxy materials and vote online or by mail. If you would like to receive a free paper or email copy of our proxy materials for this and/or future shareholder meetings, you may (1) visitwww.proxyvote.com, (2) call 1-800-579-1639 or (3) send an email tosendmaterial@proxyvote.com. If sending an email, please include your control number in the subject line. To facilitate timely delivery, any request for a paper or email copy of the proxy materials should be made by April 23, 2024.

If you plan to attend the Meeting and your shares are held in “street name” — in an account with a bank, broker, or other nominee — you should follow the procedures in the materials and request voting instructions provided by or on behalf of such broker, bank or other nominee and arrange to be appointed as a proxy holder.

The Meeting will be held in a virtual-only format conducted via live audio webcast. Shareholders will not be able to attend the Meeting in person. Shareholders may listen to the Meeting, submit questions and vote online at: www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/rba2024.

You can vote your shares by internet, phone or mail, or if you hold your shares in “street name”, by following the instructions set forth in the voting instruction form provided by or on behalf of your broker, bank or other nominee.

If you need assistance to attend the Meeting, please contact our Corporate Secretary at 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada or by calling us at 778-331-5500.

Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Proxy Statement to “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to RB Global, Inc. Dollar amounts are presented in U.S. dollars unless otherwise specified. Except as otherwise stated, the information herein is given as of March 18, 2024.

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2024 Proxy Statement

This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this Proxy Statement. This summary does not contain all of the information that you should consider. For more complete information about these topics, please review our Annual Report on Form 10-K and the entire Proxy Statement.

Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders

Shareholder Voting Matters

The Board recommends that you vote your shares:

“FOR” the election of each of the nominees named under “Proposal One: Election of Directors” on page 16

“FOR” the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as auditors of the Company until the next annual meeting and the authorization of the Audit Committee of the Board to fix the remuneration to be paid to the auditors on page 44

“FOR” non-binding, advisory approval of our executive compensation on page 45

“FOR” the approval of the Company’s continuation from a corporation organized under the Canada Business Corporations Act to a corporation organized under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) on page 46

General Information

References in this Proxy Statement to the Company’s website, including its investor relations website,  are not intended to, and do not, incorporate by reference into this Proxy Statement any materials contained on such website.

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Voting Methods

Have your Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or your proxy card available.

	Vote by Internet: www.proxyvote.com
	Vote by Phone: 1-800-690-6903
	Vote by Mail: at address provided on proxy card.

Voting Deadline: May 3, 2024 at 11:00 a.m. (Central Time) or 48 hours (excluding Saturdays, Sundays and holidays) before any adjournment or postponement of the Meeting.

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Why am I receiving this Proxy Statement?

The Company is providing the Notice of Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders and this Proxy Statement directly to shareholders who are shareholders of record at the close of business on March 18, 2024 and therefore are entitled to vote at the Meeting. This Proxy Statement describes issues on which the Company would like you, as a shareholder, to vote. It provides information on these issues so that you can make an informed decision. You do not need to attend the Meeting to vote your shares.

When you vote by internet, phone or mail, you appoint the proxy holders nominated by management, Bob Elton, Vice Chair, or Jim Kessler, Chief Executive Officer (the “CEO”) of the Company, with full power of substitution, to be your representatives at the Meeting. A shareholder has the right to appoint a person or company other than the nominees of management named in the instrument of proxy to represent the shareholder at the Meeting. To exercise this right, a shareholder should insert the name of its nominee in the blank space provided. A person appointed as a proxy holder need not be a shareholder of the Company. As your representative(s), your proxy holder(s) will vote or withhold from voting the shares represented by the proxy at the Meeting (or any adjournments or postponements) in accordance with your instructions on any ballot that may be called. If you specify a choice in the proxy as to how your shares are to be voted with respect to any matter to be acted upon, the shares will be voted accordingly. With proxy voting, your shares will be voted whether or not you attend the Meeting. Even if you plan to attend the Meeting, we recommend that you vote by internet, phone or mail as soon as possible to ensure your vote is recorded in advance of the Meeting.

When you vote by internet, phone or mail, you will confer discretionary authority upon a proxy holder named in the instrument of proxy to vote your shares on any amendments or variations to matters identified in the accompanying Notice of Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders and any other matter which may properly come before the Meeting in respect of which such proxy has been granted, subject to any limitations imposed by law.

You may attend the Meeting via live audio webcast. The accompanying proxy materials include instructions on how to participate in the Meeting via the live audio webcast and how you may vote your shares online if you attend the Meeting. To submit your questions during the Meeting, please log on towww.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/rba2024. You will need to enter the 16-digit control number received with your Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or proxy card to enter the Meeting. If you have any technical difficulties or any questions regarding the virtual meeting website, please call the support team at the numbers listed on the log-in screen. If there are any technical issues in convening or hosting the meeting, we will promptly post information to our Investor Relations website, https://investor.rbglobal.com/home/default.aspx, including information on when the meeting will be reconvened.

Why is the Meeting being held in a virtual-only format?

The Meeting is being held in a virtual-only format in order to provide all our shareholders with an equal opportunity to participate, regardless of their geographic location. We are confident in the technology and believe that it enables shareholders to have an equal opportunity to participate in the Meeting in a safe and easy manner regardless of their geographic location.

Why does my name not appear as a shareholder of record?

Many, if not most, investors own their shares through a broker dealer or other nominee. Broker dealers frequently clear their transactions through other broker dealers, and may hold the actual certificates for shares in the name of securities depositories, such as Cede & Co. (operated by the Depository Trust Company) in the United States or CDS Clearing and Depository Services Inc. in Canada. In such a case, only the ultimate certificate holder appears on our records as a shareholder, even though that nominee may not have any economic interest in the shares that you actually own through your broker dealer. You should contact your broker dealer for more information about this process.

If your shares are held in an account with a brokerage firm, bank, dealer, or other similar organization, then you are the non-registered/beneficial owner of shares held in “street name” and these proxy materials are being forwarded to you by or on behalf of that organization. The registered holder of the shares is considered the shareholder of record for purposes of voting at the Meeting. As a beneficial owner, you have the right to direct your broker, bank or other nominee on how to vote the shares in your account by following the instructions on the voting instruction form that is provided by or on behalf of the intermediary. You are also invited to attend the Meeting. However, since you are not the shareholder of record, you may not attend the Meeting remotely and vote your shares at the Meeting unless you arrange with your broker, bank, or other nominee to be appointed as proxy holder.

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Who is making this solicitation and who will pay the related costs?

This solicitation is made on behalf of the management of the Company. No director has given management notice that he or she intends to oppose any action intended to be taken by management at the Meeting. The Company will bear the cost of soliciting proxies. In an effort to have as large a representation at the Meeting as possible, the Company’s directors, officers and employees may solicit proxies by telephone or in person in certain circumstances. These individuals will receive no additional compensation for their services other than their regular salaries. Upon request, the Company will reimburse brokers, dealers, banks, voting trustees and their nominees who are holders of record of common shares of the Company (the “Common Shares”) on the record date for the reasonable expenses incurred for mailing copies of the proxy materials to the beneficial owners of such shares.

When is the record date?

The Board has fixed March 18, 2024 as the record date for the Meeting. Only holders of Common Shares and holders of Series A Senior Preferred Shares of the Company (the “Subordinate Voting Shares”) as of the close of business on that date will be entitled to vote at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

How many shares are outstanding and how many votes can be cast by all shareholders?

A total of 183,284,575 Common Shares and 485,000,000 Subordinate Voting Shares were outstanding as of March 18, 2024.

At the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, each holder of Common Shares as of the record date is entitled to one vote per Common Share held in connection with each matter to be acted upon at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof.

At the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, each holder of Subordinate Voting Shares as of the record date is entitled to 0.0139696 vote per Subordinate Voting Share held in connection with each matter to be acted upon at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, voting with the holders of the Common Shares on an as-converted basis and as a single class. Subordinate Voting Shares represent, as of the record date, 6,775,252 votes at the Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, which is the number of Common Shares into which the Subordinate Voting Shares could be converted as of the record date. Such number of votes represents approximately 3.56% of the aggregate voting rights attached to the Company’s securities as of the record date.

Are there any shareholders that hold 10% or more of the shares that may be voted?

To the knowledge of the Company’s directors and executive officers, based on filings with Canadian securities regulators and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), no person beneficially owns, or controls or directs, directly or indirectly, Common Shares carrying more than 10% of the voting rights attached to the Common Shares of the Company other than as described under “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters” on page 104.

To the knowledge of the Company’s directors and executive officers, as of March 18, 2024, various funds and a managed account to which Starboard Value LP serves as the investment manager or manager beneficially own, or control or direct, directly or indirectly, 485,000,000 Subordinate Voting Shares, representing 100% of the voting rights attached to the Subordinate Voting Shares. See “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters” on page 104.

What items of business will be voted on at the Meeting and how does the Board recommend I vote?

Shareholders will be asked to vote on the following:

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The Board recommends a vote:

FOR each nominee for director;

FOR the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s auditor until the next annual meeting of the Company and the authorization of the Audit Committee of the Board to fix the remuneration to be paid to the auditors;

FOR the non-binding, advisory vote on executive compensation; and

FOR the approval of the Company’s continuation from a corporation organized under the CBCA to a corporation organized under the OBCA.

What are my voting rights if I hold Common Shares?

Each Common Share is entitled to one vote in connection with each matter to be acted upon at the Meeting. No cumulative rights are authorized. The rights of dissent in respect of the Company's proposed continuation from a corporation organized under the CBCA to a corporation organized under the OBCA are described on page 52.

What are my rights if I hold Subordinate Voting Shares?

Each Subordinate Voting Share is entitled to 0.0139696 of a vote in connection with each matter to be acted upon at the Meeting, voting with the holders of the Common Shares on an as-converted basis and as a single class. No cumulative rights are authorized. The rights of dissent in respect of the Company's proposed continuation from a corporation organized under the CBCA to a corporation organized under the OBCA are described on page 52.

In the event of a take-over bid for the Common Shares, a holder of Subordinate Voting Shares may participate in such take-over bid by exercising the conversion rights attached to such Subordinate Voting Shares. Each outstanding Subordinate Voting Share shall be convertible into Common Shares at the option of the holder, subject to the terms and conditions contained in the articles of the Company. Under certain circumstances prescribed under the articles of the Company, a holder of Subordinate Voting Shares may also have the right to require the Company to redeem all or any portion of such holder’s Subordinate Voting Shares for cash in the event of a take-over bid.

How do I vote if I am a registered shareholder?

If you are a registered shareholder, you may vote your shares by internet at www.proxyvote.com, by mail, by phone or by attending the Meeting and voting online. To vote by internet, you will need your voting control number, which can be found on your Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or proxy card. To vote by mail, you should promptly complete, sign and return your proxy card, or if you have received a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials, request a proxy card by internet at www.proxyvote.com, calling 1-800-579-1639 or emailing sendmaterial@proxyvote.com. Joint owners wishing to complete a proxy form must each sign the proxy card.

How do I vote if I am a non-registered/beneficial holder?

If you are a non-registered/beneficial holder, you should receive a voting instruction form from a broker dealer or other nominee that you may use to instruct such persons how to vote your shares. If you receive a voting instruction form, you may exercise voting rights in respect of those shares in accordance with the procedures provided by the broker dealer or other nominee, which may include voting by mail, telephonically by calling the telephone number shown on the voting form or via the internet at the website shown on the voting instruction form. If you are a non-registered/ beneficial holder, you are not considered to be a shareholder of record, and you will not be permitted to vote your shares at the Meeting unless you have obtained a proxy for those shares from the person or entity of record holding your shares. Should you require additional information regarding the Meeting, please contact our Corporate Secretary at 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada or by calling us at 778-331-5500.

To participate in the Meeting, you will need the 16-digit control number included in your Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or proxy card. Beneficial shareholders who do not have a control number may be able to gain access to the Meeting by logging into their broker, brokerage firm, bank or other nominee’s website and selecting the shareholder communications mailbox to link through to the Meeting; instructions should also be provided on the voting instruction form provided by your broker, bank or other nominee.

Can shareholders vote at the Meeting?

If you prefer, you may vote online at the Meeting. If you hold your shares through a brokerage account but do not have a physical share certificate, or the shares are registered in someone else’s name, you need to arrange with your stockbroker or the registered owner to be appointed as proxy holder entitling you to vote online at the Meeting.

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What does it mean if I receive more than one proxy card and/or voting instruction form?

If you receive more than one proxy card and/or voting instruction form, it likely means that you have multiple accounts with the Company’s transfer agent and/or with stockbrokers. Please vote or arrange for voting of all of your shares.

What if I share an address with another shareholder and we received only one copy of the proxy materials or what if I receive multiple copies?

SEC rules permit companies and intermediaries such as brokers to send one envelope with individual copies of our Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or proxy materials to multiple shareholders who share the same address unless we receive contrary instructions from a shareholder. This process, which is commonly referred to as “householding”, provides cost savings for companies. Some brokers household proxy materials by default, delivering a single proxy statement to multiple shareholders sharing an address unless contrary instructions have been received from the affected shareholders. Once you have received notice from your broker that they will be householding materials to your address, householding will continue until you are notified otherwise or until you revoke your consent. If, at any time, you no longer wish to participate in householding and would prefer to receive a separate proxy statement, or if you are receiving duplicate copies of these materials and wish to have householding apply, please notify your broker. You may also call 1-866-540-7095 or write to: Broadridge, Householding Department, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood, New York 11717, and include your name, the name of your broker or other nominee, and your account number(s). You can also request prompt delivery of a copy of this Proxy Statement, the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials and our 2023 Annual Report by written request to our Corporate Secretary at 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada or by calling us at 778-331-5500.

May I revoke my proxy or change my vote?

Yes. If you are a registered shareholder, you may revoke your proxy by:

If you have followed the process for attending and voting online at the Meeting, voting online at the Meeting will revoke your previous proxy.

In addition, if you are a registered shareholder and have voted using the internet following the instructions as described in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or this Proxy Statement, you may change your vote by following the procedures described in the Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials or this Proxy Statement to submit a vote with a later date prior to the voting deadline.

If you are not a registered shareholder and wish to change your proxy nominee or your vote, you should consult your broker or nominee with respect to submitting new voting instructions. Intermediaries may set deadlines for the receipt of revocation notices that are farther in advance of the Meeting than those set out above and, accordingly, any such revocation should be completed well in advance of the deadline prescribed in the form of proxy or voting instruction form to ensure it is given effect at the Meeting.

How are abstentions and broker non-votes counted?

Shares held or represented by proxy by persons present at the Meeting in respect of which the holder or proxy holder does not vote, or abstains from voting, with respect to any proposal are counted for purposes of establishing a quorum. If a quorum is present, abstentions will not be included in vote totals and will not affect the outcome of the vote of any proposal contained in this year’s Proxy Statement. A “broker non-vote” occurs when a broker, bank or other agent has not received voting instructions from the beneficial owner of the shares and the broker, bank or other agent cannot vote the shares because the matter is considered “non-routine” under the rules of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). If a quorum is present, broker non-votes will not be counted as votes FOR or AGAINST such matter or, in the case of election of a director, as votes FOR or AGAINST with respect to such election, and also will not be counted as shares voting on such matter. Accordingly, abstentions and broker non-votes will have no effect on the voting on a matter that requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares voting on the matter.

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Under the NYSE rules, brokers or nominees are entitled to vote shares held for a beneficial owner on “routine” matters, such as the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as our independent auditors, without instructions from the beneficial owner of those shares. However, absent instructions from the beneficial owner of such shares, a nominee is not entitled to vote shares held for a beneficial owner on certain “non-routine” matters. Accordingly, if you hold your shares in street name, it is critical that you arrange to exercise your voting right if you want it to count on all matters to be decided at the Meeting.

How many votes are needed to hold the Meeting and approve the proposals and how does the Board recommend that I vote?

To conduct the Meeting, the Company must have a quorum, which is two persons present and each entitled to vote and holding or representing by proxy not less than 33% of the votes entitled to be cast at the Meeting. The table below shows the votes needed to approve each of the proposals, as further described in each of the proposals and the Board’s recommendation for voting on each proposal.

Will my shares be voted if I do not vote by phone, internet or sign and return my proxy card or voting instruction form?

If your shares are registered in your name and you do not vote by phone, internet or sign and return your proxy card, or attend and vote online at the Meeting, your shares will not be voted at the Meeting. If your shares are held through an account with a brokerage firm, bank, dealer or other nominee, your brokerage firm or other nominee may vote your shares on certain “routine” matters as described above.

How are votes counted?

If your instructions as to voting in any instrument of proxy or voting instruction form are certain, your shares will be voted, withheld or abstained from voting in accordance with your instructions. If you do not specify a choice in the proxy card as to any of the following matters, and one of the proxy holders recommended by management is appointed as proxy holder, your shares will be voted “FOR” the election of each director nominee named in this Proxy Statement and “FOR” each of proposals two through four, as recommended by the Board as further described in each of the proposals.

Voting results will be tabulated and certified by a representative of Broadridge, or such other entity as may be selected by the Company, as the scrutineer of the Meeting.

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What happens if additional matters are presented at the Meeting?

Management of the Company is not aware of any amendments to or variations of any of the matters identified in the enclosed Notice of Annual and Special Meeting of Shareholders nor of any other business which may be brought before the Meeting. When you vote by internet, phone or mail, you will confer discretionary authority upon a proxy holder named in the instrument of proxy to vote your shares on any amendments or variations to the matters identified in the accompanying Notice of Annual and Special Meeting and on any other matter that may properly be brought before the Meeting in respect of which such proxy has been granted, subject to any limitations imposed by law.

Where can I find the voting results of the Meeting?

The Company will publish the voting results of the Meeting in a Current Report on Form 8-K, which is required to be filed with the SEC at www.sec.gov within four business days after the date of the Meeting and on the System for Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval Plus (“SEDAR+”) at www.sedarplus.com.

How can I obtain additional information, including a copy of the Proxy Statement and the 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K?

The Company will mail, without charge to any registered holder or beneficial owner of Common Shares and/or Subordinate Voting Shares, upon written request, a copy of its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, including the consolidated financial statements, management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations, schedules and list of exhibits, and any particular exhibit specifically requested, any interim financial statements of the Company and the relevant management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations that have been filed with securities regulators for any period after the end of the Company’s most recently completed financial year and the Company’s proxy statement in respect of its most recent annual meeting of shareholders. Requests should be sent to our Corporate Secretary at 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada. The Company may require payment of a reasonable charge for reproduction if a person that is not a registered shareholder or beneficial owner of Common Shares and/or Subordinate Voting Shares makes the request. This Proxy Statement, the Annual Report on Form 10-K and additional information relating to the Company are also available at https://investor.rbglobal.com, on SEDAR+ at www.sedarplus.com and on EDGAR at www.sec.gov. Financial information is provided in the Company’s comparative financial statements and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 as contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Questions and Answers about the Election of Directors

What is the current composition of the Board?

The Company’s current articles require the Board to have at least three and no more than twelve directors and provide that the Board is authorized to determine the actual number of directors within that range. The current Board is composed of the following eleven directors: Robert Elton, Jim Kessler, Brian Bales, Bill Breslin, Adam DeWitt, Tim O’Day, Erik Olsson, Sarah Raiss, Michael Sieger, Jeffrey C. Smith, and Carol Stephenson.

Is the Board divided into classes? How long is the term?

No, the Board is not divided into classes. All directors are elected for one-year terms to hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders unless he or she sooner ceases to hold office.

Who can nominate individuals for election as directors?

Shareholders may nominate director candidates pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of the Company’s by-laws, which includes advance notice provisions for nominations of directors by shareholders, and of the CBCA. The advance notice provisions require advance notice to the Company of nominations for persons for election to the Board in circumstances where nominations are made other than pursuant to a shareholder proposal made in accordance with the provisions of the CBCA or a requisition of shareholders made in accordance with the CBCA. Shareholders should note that nominations for directors must be made in compliance with the procedures in the Company’s by-laws, which include requirements to notify the Company in writing in advance of an intention to nominate directors for election to the Board prior to any annual or special meeting of shareholders and sets forth the information that a shareholder must include in such notice. Please see the information under “Shareholder Proposals and Director Nominations” on page 106.

The Company has not received any director nominations in connection with the Meeting.

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Who is standing for election this year?

The following eleven individuals are being nominated by or at the direction of the Board, based on the recommendation of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee:

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Erik Olsson •  Jim Kessler •  Robert Elton • Ann Fandozzi 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   11 Table of Contents • •  Brian Bales • William Breslin • •  Adam DeWitt • Robert G. Elton • Lisa Hook • Timothy •  Gregory Morrison •  Tim O’Day • Sarah Raiss •  Sarah Raiss •  Michael Sieger • •  Jeffrey C. Smith •  Debbie Stein •  Carol Stephenson • Carol M. Stephenson    Each of the nominees, except Ms. Fandozzi, qualifies as independent under applicable NYSE listings standards and Canadian securities laws and regulations. See “Corporate Governance — Independence of the Directors” on page 27 for a summary of how “independence” is determined. Additional information concerning the above nominees, including their ages, positions and offices held with the Company, and terms of office as directors, is set forth below under “Information Concerning the Nominees to the Board of Directors” on page 13. Each of the nominees, except Mr. Kessler, qualifies as independent under applicable NYSE listing standards and Canadian securities laws and regulations. See “Corporate Governance — Independence of the Directors” on page 26 for a summary of how “independence” is determined. Additional information concerning the above nominees, including their ages, positions and offices held with the Company, and terms of office as directors, is set forth below under “Information Concerning the Nominees to the Board of Directors” on page 17. What if a nominee is unable or unwilling to serve? If any one or more of the nominees named in this Proxy Statement is unable to serve or for good cause will not serve, then the persons voting the accompanying proxy may in their discretion vote for a substitute. The persons named in the enclosed form of proxy intend to vote for the election of any such substitute nominee. Each of the nominees has agreed to serve, if elected, and the Board is not presently aware of any reason that would prevent any nominee from serving as a director if elected. How are nominees elected? In the election of directors, you may vote “FOR” or “AGAINST” each or any of the nominees. Each of the eleven nominees is uncontested. Only nominees receiving a greater number of votes cast remotely or by proxy at the Meeting “FOR” their election than “AGAINST” each or any of the nominees. Each of the twelve nominees are uncontested. Only nominees receiving a greater number of votes cast remotely or by proxy at the Meeting “FOR” their election than “AGAINST their election will be elected as directors. Might directors be required to resign following the Meeting? Yes. Amendments to the CBCA, which came into force on August 31, 2022, establish a majority voting requirement for directors. Specifically, the CBCA now requires that, for elections at which there is only one candidate nominated for each position available on the Board, shareholders vote “for” or “against” individual directors (rather than “for” or “withhold”) and each candidate is elected only if they receive a majority of votes cast in their favour. The CBCA provides that if an incumbent director is not elected in those circumstances, the director may continue in office until the earlier of (i) the 90th day after the day of the election, and (ii) the day on which their successor is appointed or elected. The Board determined that these new CBCA requirements, which apply to the Company, made the Company’s majority voting policy redundant and it has therefore been repealed. May additional directors be appointed by the Board between annual general meetings? Subject to the maximum number of directors permitted under the articles of the Company, the Board has the power to increase the number of directors at any time between annual meetings of shareholders and appoint one or more additional directors, provided that the total number of directors so appointed shall not exceed one-third of the number of directors elected at the previous annual meeting. 12 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Information Concerning the Nominees to the Board of Directors Table of Contents Information Concerning the Nominees to the Board of Directors The following section provides information with respect to the nominees to our Board. Directors are to be elected for a one-year term expiring at our next annual meeting unless he or she sooner ceases to hold office (if the director dies or resigns, is removed by resolution of the shareholders or becomes disqualified from being a director under the CBCA). The Board and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believe that each director nominee brings a strong set of attributes and qualifications and that together these director nominees would create an effective and well-functioning Board that will continue to serve the Company and our shareholders well. Included in each director nominee’s biography below is a summary describing the key attributes and qualifications of the nominees upon which the decisions to nominate were made. Information below regarding shares owned, controlled or directed, Deferred Share Units (“DSUs”) issued under the Company’s Non-Executive Director Deferred Share Unit Plan, and restricted share units (“RSUs”) and performance share units (“PSUs”) granted under the Company’s equity incentive plans is given as of March 18, 2024.   17 2024 Proxy Statement Robert George Elton Voting results 2023: Votes For: 143,652,516 Percentage For: 94.86% Independent Age: 72 Residence: Vancouver, B.C., Canada Director since: April 30, 2012 Shares owned, controlled or directed, Deferred Share Units (“DSUs”) issued under the Company’s Non-Executive Director Deferred Share Unit Plan, and restricted share units (“RSUs”) and performance share units (“PSUs”) granted under the Company’s equity incentive plans is given as of April 5, 2023.directed: ERIK OLSSON Key attributes and qualifications Erik Olsson has been a member of the Board since 2013 and was appointed as Chair of the Board on May 5, 2020. Mr. Olsson’s experience in senior leadership positions, as well as his knowledge of the equipment industry in general, provides important insight to our Board on the Company’s strategic planning and operations. Further, his experience as a member of another public company board provides him with an enhanced perspective on issues applicable to public companies. Mr. Olsson currently serves as Chairman of the Board of Directors of WillScot Mobile Mini, Inc., the world’s leading provider of portable office and storage solutions, where Mr. Olsson previously served as President, Chief Executive Officer and as Director from 2013 until October 2019. Prior to that Mr. Olsson was President, Chief Executive Officer, and a Director of RSC Holdings, Inc., a premier provider of rental equipment in North America, from 2006 until its acquisition by United Rentals, Inc. in April 2012. Prior to that, he served as Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of RSC Holdings, Inc. In addition, he held various senior positions in the United States, Brazil, and Sweden in his 13 years with industrial group Atlas Copco AB, a mining equipment maker. Mr. Olsson holds a degree in Business Administration and Economics from the University of Gothenburg. Other directorships WillScot Mobile Mini, Inc. (NASDAQ: “WSC” - portable office and storage company) – Chair of the Board Dometic Group AB, a global industrial provider of solutions for mobile living – Director 1,471 Common Shares DSUs held:31,522.31 Committees: Audit Committee Integration Committee (Chair) Residence: Scottsdale, AZ, USA Age: Key attributes and qualifications60 Independent Director since: June 1, 2013 Shares owned, controlled or directed: nil DSUs held: 28,867 Committees: Robert Elton’s experience in senior executive positions during the course of the past 25 years brings strong leadership and management skills to the Company. Mr. Elton held executive roles at Vancouver City Savings Credit Union from 2013 to 2017, including Chief Financial Officer and Chief Risk Officer. Mr. Elton served as an adjunct professor at the University of British Columbia’s Sauder School of Business. Mr. Elton was President and Chief Executive Officer of BC Hydro, a government-owned electric utility, from 2003 to 2009. Prior to this he was Executive Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer of BC Hydro (2002 – 2003), Powerex (2001 – 2002), a subsidiary of BC Hydro, and Eldorado Gold Corporation (1996 – 2001) (TSX: “ELD”; NYSE: “EGO”; ASX: “EAU”). Mr. Elton spent over 20 years with PriceWaterhouseCoopers and predecessor firms, becoming partner in 1987 before leaving the firm in 1996. He is a Fellow of the Canadian Chartered Professional Accountants (FCPA.FCA) and has a Master of Arts degree from Cambridge University, U.K. He is a member of CPA’s Advisory Board for Sustainable Business and the Canada Electricity Advisory Board, which advises the Government of Canada’s Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources. Other directorships Corix Utilities, a private utility infrastructure company – Director, Chair of the Human Resources Committee Jim Kessler Voting results 2023: N/A Not Independent Age: 51 Residence: Norwood, PA, USA Director since: August 1, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 64,261 Common Shares PSUs held: 246,157 Committees: None Voting results 2022: Votes For: 86,616,756 Percentage: 92.14% 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   13 Table of Contents Key attributes and qualifications Jim Kessler was appointed Chief Operating Officer of RB Global in 2020, was promoted to President and Chief Operating Officer in 2021 and promoted to Chief Executive Officer in August of 2023. Before joining RB Global, he served as a senior leader for two decades in the automotive industry, including as President, Emerging Business at Caliber Collision from 2019 to 2020 and as Chief Operating Officer of ABRA Auto Body and Glass from 2017 to 2019. At ABRA, he oversaw operations, procurement, and growth initiatives, including the integration of the merger between ABRA and Caliber Collision, which created the first national collision repair provider in the United States. He also held a variety of senior leadership positions at vRide, City Sports and Pep Boys. Mr. Kessler is an Operating Advisor to Percheron Capital, a private equity firm focused on partnering with exceptional teams to build market-leading essential services businesses. He holds an undergraduate degree and MBA from Saint Joseph’s University.   18 2024 Proxy Statement ANN FANDOZZI Brian Bales Key attributes and qualifications Ann Fandozzi joined Ritchie Bros. in 2020 as Chief Executive Officer. Prior to joining Ritchie Bros., Ms. Fandozzi was CEO of ABRA Auto Body and Glass from 2016 to 2019, and previous to that role, from 2012 to 2016, was CEO of vRide, a carpooling platform that works with private and public employers. Prior to these CEO roles, Ms. Fandozzi served in several executive positions for Whirlpool, including eBusiness, Direct-to-Consumer, and Sears/Kenmore. Ms. Fandozzi joined Whirlpool from DaimlerChrysler, where she led the Global Family Vehicle business and is credited with the invention and development of the Stow-N-Go fold flat seats. Earlier in her career, she gained significant experience in consumer marketing, product development and engineering at Ford Motor Company, McKinsey & Company and Lockheed Martin Corporation. She served on the board of Pinnacle Foods, a publicly-traded packaged food company that was acquired by ConAgra, and is a board member of Ghost Robotics, a robotics start-up. Ms. Fandozzi is also a frequent speaker on technology, transportation, and green/environmental topics. Ms. Fandozzi holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Engineering from Stevens Institute of Technology, a Master of Science degree in Systems Engineering from University of Pennsylvania and an MBA from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Other directorships Trimble, Inc. (NASDAQ: TRMB), a publicly traded software, hardware and services technology company – Director Ghost Robotics (a robotics start-up) – Director Past directorships Pinnacle Foods (formerly NYSE: PF), a publicly traded packaged food company acquired by ConAgra. Voting results 2023: Votes for: 149,171,974 Percentage For: 98.51% Independent Age: 61 Residence: Scottsdale, AZ, USA Director since: March 20, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 6,327.478 Common Shares DSUs held: 1,570.30 Committees: Integration Committee Key attributes and qualifications Brian Bales was appointed to the Board in 2023. Mr. Bales has significant management experience, including as a senior executive at a Fortune 300 company. Mr. Bales’ extensive experience in business strategy and transformational growth (including mergers & acquisitions and related integration, risk management & oversight, commercial real estate & infrastructure development, capital markets, capital allocation and investor relations) enables him to provide the Board with additional perspectives on the Company’s operations. Mr. Bales has also had extensive leadership oversight of environmental and sustainability initiatives, including the development and measurement of goals designed to benefit the environment and society while enhancing the foundation and profitability of a business for the long-term. Mr. Bales is currently the Executive Vice President and Chief Development Officer of Republic Services, a leader in the U.S. environmental services industry. Prior to his current role, Mr. Bales served as the Executive Vice President of Business Development at Republic Services from 2008 to 2015, and as Vice President of Corporate Development from 1998 to 2008. Before joining Republic services, Mr. Bales held roles at Ryder System from 1993 to 1998 and as Chief Financial Officer for EDIFEX & VTA Communications from 1988 to 1993. Mr. Bales began his professional career as an accountant with Price Waterhouse, now PricewaterhouseCoopers, and worked there from 1986 to 1988. Mr. Bales holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration from the University of Tennessee and has held a Certified Public Accountant designation. Past directorships(past five years) IAA, Inc., a previously publicly traded auto auction company Residence: Plymouth Meeting, PA, USA Age: 51 Not Independent Director since: January 6, 2020 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 100,787 Common Shares PSUs held: 115,487 Committees: None Voting results 2022: Votes for: 93,698,494 Percentage: 99.68% 14 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents BRIAN BALES Adam DeWitt Key attributes and qualifications Voting results 2023: Votes for: 145,260,573 Percentage For: 95.92% Independent Age: 51 Residence: Chicago, IL, USA Director since: May 5, 2020 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 4,000 Common Shares DSUs held:7,818.79 Committees: Audit Committee (Chair) Mr. Bales was appointed to the Board in 2023. Mr. Bales has significant management experience, including as a leader at a Fortune 300 company. Mr. Bales’ extensive experience in business strategy and transformational growth (including mergers & acquisitions and related integration, risk management & oversight, commercial real estate & infrastructure development, capital markets, capital allocation and investor relations) enables him to provide the Board with additional perspectives on the Company’s operations. Mr. Bales has also had extensive leadership oversight of environmental and sustainability initiatives, including the development and measurement of goals designed to benefit the environment and society while enhancing the foundation and profitability of a business for the long-term. Mr. Bales is currently the Executive Vice President and Chief Development Officer of Republic Services, a leader in the U.S. environmental services industry. Prior to his current role, Mr. Bales served as the Executive Vice President of Business Development at Republic Services from 2008 to 2015, and as Vice President of Corporate Development from 1998 to 2008. Before joining Republic services, Mr. Bales held roles at Ryder System from 1993 to 1998 and as Chief Financial Officer for EDIFEX & VTA Communications from 1988 to 1993. Mr. Bales began his professional career as an accountant with Price Waterhouse, now PricewaterhouseCoopers, and worked there from 1986 to 1988. Mr. Bales holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration from the University of Tennessee and is a Certified Public Accountant. Past directorships IAA, Inc., a previously publicly traded auto auction company Residence: Scottsdale, AZ, USA Age: 60 Independent Director since: March 20, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 6,258 Common Shares DSUs held: nil Committees: Integration Committee Voting results 2022: N/A 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   15 Table of Contents WILLIAM (BILL) BRESLIN Key attributes and qualifications Mr. Breslin was appointed to the Board in 2023. Mr. Breslin’s senior executive leadership and board of directors experience enables him to offer the Board a seasoned corporate governance perspective. Mr. Breslin has significant experience in consulting, claims management, and loss management solutions across the insurance and automotive industries. Mr. Breslin has served as the Founder and CEO of Wenonah Consulting since 2009. Wenonah Consulting specializes in delivering service, expense and loss management solutions to claims operations across the insurance industry. Additionally, Mr. Breslin also served in senior management roles at various companies between 1974 and 2022, including as President of Buckle TPAs, which provides claim services for Gateway Insurance Company from 2020 to 2022; President of Vericlaim Repair Solutions, a managed repair network of certified local, regional and national contractors, from 2011 to 2017; Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer at TriServ Alliance, a claims management organization established by seven Blue Cross Blue Shield companies to service 2.9 million customers in nine states, from 2008 to 2009. Mr. Breslin also led the claims function as Senior Vice President of Claims for USAA from 1999 to 2008; for GE Financial Assurance from 1996 to 1999; and for Prudential Insurance from 1974 to 1996. Mr. Breslin has been a member of the Board of Directors of Insight Services Group, which provides fraud investigations and Independent Medical evaluations for the industry, since 2014. He has also served on a number of other corporate boards, including West Hill Global, a property manages repair business, from 2018 to 2020; Summit TopCo GP, LLC Classic Collision, an automobile repair services provider, since March 2020; ABRAAuto Body and Glass, a network of auto body repair facilities for the industry, from 2011 to 2019; Pronto Insurance from 2014 to 2018 and Enservio, a contents replacement company for homeowner claims, from 2010 to 2016. Mr. Breslin holds a Bachelor of Arts in Education from St. Bernard College. Other directorships Insight Services Group, an insurance company — Director Past directorships IAA, Inc., a previously publicly traded auto auction company West Hill Global, an online insurance services company Summit TopCo GP, LLC Classic Collision, an automobile repair company ABRA Auto Body and Glass, an auto body repair company Pronto Insurance, an insurance company Enservio, a software company Residence: San Antonio, TX, USA Age: 73 Independent Director since: March 20, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 6,795 Common Shares DSUs held: nil Committees: Audit Committee Voting results 2022: N/A 16 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents ADAM DEWITT Key attributes and qualifications Adam DeWitt’s experience in senior executive positions during the past 15 years brings strong leadership and management skills to the Company. Mr. DeWitt is the Chief Executive Officer of Grubhub, Inc. where he has led all functions of the U.S. business since June 2021. Prior to this role, Mr. DeWitt was Grubhub’s President (since 2018) and Chief Financial Officer (since 2011). During his tenure of a decade at the company, Grubhub’s annual revenues have grown from $20 million to more than $2 billion, and he led the company through its initial public offering in 2014. Before joining Grubhub, Mr. DeWitt was the Chief Financial Officer of publicly-traded optionsXpress Holdings, Inc. Mr. DeWitt serves on the board of directors and audit committee of Fathom Digital Manufacturing Corp. (NYSE: FATH), a leading on demand digital manufacturing platform. He is also a member of the board of directors of The Joffrey Ballet, and is the treasurer and member of the board of trustees of the Bernard Zell Anshe Emet Day School. Mr. DeWitt holds a B.A. in Economics from Dartmouth College. Other directorships Fathom Digital Manufacturing Corporation (NYSE: FATH), a publicly traded advanced manufacturing services company – Director Residence: Chicago, IL, USA Age: 50 Independent Director since: May 5, 2020 Shares owned, controlled or directed: nil DSUs held: 5,646 Committees: Audit Committee Voting results 2022: Votes for: 93,155,283 Percentage 99.10% 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   17 Table of Contents ROBERT GEORGE ELTON Key attributes and qualifications Robert Elton’s experience in senior executive positions during the course of the past 25 years brings strong leadership and management skills to the Company. Mr. Elton held executive roles at Vancouver City Savings Credit Union from 2013 to 2017, including Chief Financial Officer and Chief Risk Officer. Mr. Elton served as an adjunct professor at the University of British Columbia’s Sauder School of Business. Mr. Elton was President and Chief Executive Officer of BC Hydro, a government-owned electric utility, from 2003 to 2009. Prior to this he was Executive Vice President Finance and Chief Financial Officer of BC Hydro (2002 — 2003), Powerex (2001 — 2002), a subsidiary of BC Hydro, and Eldorado Gold Corporation (1996 — 2001) (TSX: “ELD”; NYSE: “EGO”; ASX: “EAU”). Mr. Elton spent over 20 years with PriceWaterhouseCoopers and predecessor firms, becoming partner in 1987 before leaving the firm in 1996. He is a Fellow of the Canadian Chartered Professional Accountants (FCPA.FCA) and has a Master of Arts degree from Cambridge University, U.K. He is a member of CPA’s Advisory Board for Sustainable Business. Other directorships Corix Utilities (a private utility infrastructure company) — Director, Chair of the Human Resources Committee Past directorships bcIMC (a private investment management company) Residence: Vancouver, B.C., Canada Age: 71 Independent Director since: April 30, 2012 Shares owned, controlled or directed: nil DSUs held: 28,946 Committees: Audit Committee (Chair) Integration Committee (Chair) Voting results 2022: Votes For: 91,804,953 Percentage: 97.66% 18 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents LISA HOOK Key attributes and qualifications Ms. Hook served as president and chief executive officer of Neustar, Inc., a technology company, from October 2010 until July 2018 and as president and chief operating officer from January 2008 until October 2010. She joined the Neustar board in 2010 and continued to serve in that capacity until July 2019. Prior to Neustar, Ms. Hook served as president and chief executive officer of Sunrocket, Inc., a VoIP provider; held several executive-level posts at America Online, Inc., an online services company; was a partner at Brera Capital Partners, a global private equity investment firm; was managing director of Alpine Capital Group, LLC, an investment banking firm; held several executive positions at Time Warner, Inc., a telecommunications company; was legal advisor to the Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission; and was a senior attorney at Viacom International, Inc., a production and broadcasting company. Ms. Hook serves on the boards of Philip Morris International, a publicly traded leading international tobacco company and is the Chair of the Consumer Relationships and Regulation Committee; and Fidelity National Information Services Inc., a publicly-traded global leader in banking and payment solutions and is the Chair of the Risk and Technology Committee. Ms. Hook holds a Bachelor of Arts in Public Policy from Duke University and a Juris Doctor degree from Dickinson Law School. Other directorships Fidelity National Information Services, Inc. (NYSE: FIS), a publicly traded financial technology company – Director Philip Morris International (NYSE: PM), a publicly traded tobacco company – Director Past directorships Neustar, Inc., an information services and technology company Unisys, Inc., a global technology solutions company Ping Identity Holding Corp (NYSE: PING), a publicly traded software company Residence: Washington, DC, USA Age: 64 Independent Director since: November 1, 2021 Shares owned, controlled or directed: nil DSUs held: 2,630 Committees: Compensation Committee (Chair) Integration Committee Voting results 2022: Votes for: 93,136,177 Percentage: 99.08% 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   19 Table of Contents TIMOTHY O’DAY Key attributes and qualifications Mr. O’Day was appointed to the Board in 2023. Mr. O’Day is a seasoned automotive industry executive and operator and the current President and Chief Executive Officer of Boyd Group Services Inc., one of the largest automotive collision repair and glass repair and replacement companies in the world. Mr. O’Day has worked in the automotive collision business since joining Gerber Collision & Glass in 1998 as Vice President of Operations. After Gerber Collision & Glass was acquired by Boyd in 2004, Mr. O’Day joined Boyd to run their US operations. In his tenure, Mr. O’Day has helped Boyd grow from approximately 50 locations to over 800 locations by the end of 2022. Mr. O’Day started his career in internal audit at a public company. Other directorships Boyd Group Services Inc., a publicly traded collision repair company Past directorships IAA, Inc., a previously publicly traded auto auction company Residence: Chicago, IL, USA Age: 64 Independent Director since: March 20, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: nil DSUs held: nil Committees: Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Voting results 2022: N/A 20 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents SARAH RAISS Key attributes and qualifications Sarah Raiss has been a director for Ritchie Bros. since 2016 and was appointed Chair of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee in 2022. Ms. Raiss brings almost 40 years of experience encompassing various board positions and executive and management positions in engineering, operations, strategy, merger and acquisition integration, government relations and community investment, governance, human resources, information technology, marketing and other administrative functions. She has business experience in Canada, the United States and abroad. Ms. Raiss retired in August 2011 as Executive Vice-President of Corporate Services, TransCanada Corporation, one of North America’s leading energy infrastructure companies with operations in natural gas, oil and power industries. Since her retirement, Ms. Raiss’s principal occupation has been serving as a corporate director, and she has served on a number of other corporate boards noted below. Ms. Raiss was named a 2015 National Association of Corporate Directors Directorship 100, recognizing the most influential people in governance, 50 of which are corporate directors. Sarah was named a Fellow of the Institute of Corporate Directors in 2020. Ms. Raiss has a BS in Applied Mathematics and an MBA, both from the University of Michigan. Other directorships The Loblaw Companies, Ltd. (TSX: “L” — a public food retailer) — Director and member of the Corporate Governance Committee and Chair of the Pension Committee The Commercial Metals Company (NYSE: “CMC” — a public metal manufacturer and recycler) — Lead Director as of 2022, past Chair of the Compensation Committee and past Chair and current member of the Nominations and Governance Committee; member of the Audit Committee Past directorships The Vermilion Energy, Inc. (TSX: “VET”; NYSE: “VET”; — a public oil and gas producer) — Director and Chair of the Governance and Human Resource Committee and member of the Health, Safety and Environment Committee Canadian Oil Sands, Ltd. (TSX: “COS” — a public oil investment company) — (2012 — 2016) Director and Chair of the Corporate Governance and Compensation Committees and member of the Audit Committee Residence: Calgary, Alberta, Canada Age: 65 Independent Director since: July 1, 2016 Shares owned, controlled or directed: nil DSUs held: 16,300 Committees: Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee (Chair) Audit Committee Voting results 2022: Votes for: 92,059,991 Percentage: 97.94% 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   21 Table of Contents MICHAEL SIEGER Key attributes and qualifications Michael Sieger was appointed to the Board in 2023. Mr. Sieger brings to the Board extensive experience and leadership in the automotive insurance industry from over three decades with The Progressive Corporation (NYSE: PGR). Mr. Sieger possesses strong public company executive management experience, as well as significant strategic planning and operational experience. Mr. Sieger retired from Progressive in January 2022, where he served as its Claims President since 2015. Mr. Sieger also held various other positions at Progressive from 1990 to 2015: including as its General Manager Claims Process from 2007 to 2015, General Manager Northeast Field Claims from 1999 to 2007, General Manager WA and PA from 1996 to 1999, Product Manager MS from 1992 to 1996 and Product Manager Corporate Marketing from 1990 to 1992. Prior to joining Progressive, Mr. Seiger served as a consultant at Frank Lynn & Associates from 1989 to 1990. Mr. Sieger also serves on the board of directors of nonprofit organizations Bellefaire JCB and the Jewish Federation of Cleveland. Mr. Sieger holds a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering from Case Western Reserve University and an MBA from the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business. Past directorships IAA, Inc., a previously publicly traded auto auction company Residence: Miami Beach, FL, USA Age: 61 Independent Director since: March 20, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 1,950 Common Shares DSUs held: nil Committees: Compensation Committee Voting results 2022: N/A 22 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents JEFFREY C. SMITH Key attributes and qualifications Mr. Smith was appointed to the Board in 2023. Mr. Smith is a Managing Member, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of Starboard Value LP, a New York-based investment adviser with a focused and fundamental approach to investing primarily in publicly traded U.S. companies, which he founded in April 2011, with a spin-off of the existing Value and Opportunity Fund. From January 1998 to April 2011, Mr. Smith was at Ramius LLC, a subsidiary of the Cowen Group, Inc., where he was a Partner and Managing Director and the Chief Investment Officer of the funds that comprised the Value and Opportunity investment platform. Prior to joining Ramius LLC in January 1998, he served as Vice President of Strategic Development and a director of The Fresh Juice Company, Inc. Mr. Smith began his career in the Mergers and Acquisitions department at Société Générale. Mr. Smith served as chair of the boards of Papa John’s International, Inc. from February 2019 to March 2023; Starboard Value Acquisition Corp. from November 2019 until it merged with Cyxtera Technologies, Inc. (Nasdaq: CYXT) in July 2021; and Advance Auto Parts, Inc. from May 2016 to May 2020. He served as chair of the board of Darden Restaurants, Inc. from October 2014 to April 2016. Mr. Smith was formerly on the boards of Perrigo Company plc from February 2017 to August 2019; Yahoo! Inc from April 2016 to June 2017; Quantum Corporation from May 2013 to May 2015; Office Depot, Inc. from August 2013 to September 2014; Regis Corporation from October 2011 until October 2013; and Surmodics, Inc. from January 2011 to August 2012. Mr. Smith also previously served as chair of the board of directors of Phoenix Technologies Ltd.; and as a director of Zoran Corporation, Actel Corporation, S1 Corporation, Kensey Nash Corporation, and the Fresh Juice Company, Inc. Mr. Smith holds a Bachelor of Science in Economics from the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania. Other directorships Cyxtera Technologies, Inc., a publicly listed data company Past directorships Papa John’s International, Inc. a publicly listed pizza company Starboard Value Acquisition Corp., an investment advising company Advance Auto Parts, Inc., a publicly listed automotive aftermarket parts company Darden Restaurants, Inc., a publicly listed multi-brand restaurant operator Perrigo Company plc, a publicly listed manufacturing company Yahoo! Inc., a technology company Quantum Corporation, a publicly listed software solutions company Office Depot, Inc., a publicly listed office supply holding company Regis Corporation, a publicly listed hair salon company Surmodics, Inc., a publicly listed medical device company Phoenix Technologies Ltd., a software company Zoran Corporation, a digital technology company Actel Corporation, a microelectronics manufacturing company S1 Corporation, a software development company Kensey Nash Corporation, a medical technology company The Fresh Juice Company, Inc., a beverage company Residence: Boca Raton, FL, USA Age: 50 Independent Director since: March 14, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: See page 110. DSUs held: nil Committees: Integration Committee Key attributes and qualifications Adam DeWitt’s experience in senior executive positions during the past 15 years brings strong leadership and management skills to the Company. Mr. DeWitt was the Chief Executive Officer of Grubhub, Inc. where he led all functions of the U.S. business from June 2021 to March 2023. Prior to this role, Mr. DeWitt was Grubhub’s President (since 2018) and Chief Financial Officer (since 2011). During his tenure of a decade at the company, Grubhub’s annual revenues grew from $20 million to more than $2 billion, and he led the company through its initial public offering in 2014, 13 subsequent acquisitions and eventual sale for $7 billion. Before joining Grubhub, Mr. DeWitt was the Chief Financial Officer of publicly-traded optionsXpress Holdings, Inc. Mr. DeWitt serves on the boards of directors and audit committees of Treehouse Foods (NYSE: THS), a leading private label snack and beverage manufacturer, and Fathom Digital Manufacturing Corp. (NYSE: FATH), a leading on demand digital manufacturing platform. He is also a member of the board of directors of The Joffrey Ballet, and is the treasurer and member of the board of trustees of the Bernard Zell Anshe Emet Day School. Mr. DeWitt holds a B.A. in Economics from Dartmouth College. Other directorships Treehouse Foods (NYSE: THS), a private label snack and beverage manufacturer Fathom Digital Manufacturing Corporation (NYSE: FATH), a publicly traded advanced manufacturing services company   19 2024 Proxy Statement Gregory B. Morrison Independent Age: 64 Residence: Fernandina Beach, FL, USA Director since: N/A Shares owned, controlled or directed: nil  DSUs held: nil Committees: N/A Voting results 2023: N/A Key attributes and qualifications Gregory B. Morrison is the former Senior Vice President and Corporate Chief Information Officer for Cox Enterprises, Inc., a communications, media and automotive company, a role he held from February 2002 until his retirement in January 2020. During his 18 years at Cox, Mr. Morrison was responsible for providing corporate strategic planning, policy development and management of all information technology systems, leveraging deployment of new information technology across the company’s operations and overseeing cybersecurity matters. Prior to his role at Cox, Mr. Morrison served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of RealEstate.com in 2000 and held various information and technology leadership roles, including CIO, at Prudential Financial from 1989 to 2002. Mr. Morrison has extensive knowledge and expertise with cybersecurity, large-scale business transformations and technology deployments, and the development of key technological advances that help improve manual business processes. Mr. Morrison was named among the industry’s top performing Chief Information Officers who have shown unparalleled leadership to drive innovation and transformation in businesses. Mr. Morrison was a commissioned officer in the US Army from 1982 to 1989. Mr. Morrison received a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics and Physics from South Carolina State University, and a Master of Science in Industrial Engineering from Northwestern University. Other Directorships Mr. Morrison serves on the following board of directors: Veritex Holdings (Bank) where he Chairs the Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee and the Technology Committee and serves on the Audit Committee; and Rollins Inc., where he serves on the Audit Committee and the Human Capital and Compensation Committee. He has also served on the board of Veritiv Corp (recently acquired by CD&R), including on its Audit and Finance Committee and Compensation and Leadership Development Committee. Timothy O’Day Voting results 2023: Votes for: 148,950,838 Percentage For: 98.36% Independent Age: 65 Residence: Chicago, IL, USA Director since: March 20, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 1,500 Common Shares DSUs held:1,570.30 Committees: Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Key attributes and qualifications Timothy O’Day was appointed to the Board in 2023. Mr. O’Day is a seasoned automotive industry executive and operator and the current President and Chief Executive Officer of Boyd Group Services Inc., one of the largest automotive collision repair and glass repair and replacement companies in the world. Mr. O’Day has worked in the automotive collision business since joining Gerber Collision & Glass in 1998 as Vice President of Operations. After Gerber Collision & Glass was acquired by Boyd in 2004, Mr. O’Day joined Boyd to run their US operations. In his tenure, Mr. O’Day has helped Boyd grow from approximately 50 locations to over 900 locations by the end of 2023. Mr. O’Day started his career in internal audit at a public company. Other directorships Boyd Group Services Inc., a publicly traded collision repair company   20 2024 Proxy Statement Sarah Raiss Voting results 2023: Votes for: 133,246,957 Percentage For: 87.99% Independent Age: 66 Residence: Calgary, AB, Canada Director since: July 1, 2016 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 1,410 Common Shares DSUs held:18,657.42 Committees: Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Audit Committee Key attributes and qualifications Sarah Raiss has been a director for RB Global since 2016 and has served as Chair of both the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and Compensation Committee. Ms. Raiss brings almost 40 years of experience encompassing various board positions and executive and management positions in engineering, operations, strategy, merger and acquisition integration, government relations and community investment, governance, human resources, information technology, marketing and other administrative functions. She has business experience in Canada, the United States and abroad. Ms. Raiss retired in August 2011 as Executive Vice-President of Corporate Services, TransCanada Corporation, one of North America’s leading energy infrastructure companies with operations in natural gas, oil and power industries. Since her retirement, Ms. Raiss’ principal occupation has been serving as a corporate director, and she has served on a number of other corporate boards noted below. Ms. Raiss was named a 2015 National Association of Corporate Directors Directorship 100, recognizing the most influential people in governance, 50 of which are corporate directors. Ms. Raiss was named a Fellow of the Institute of Corporate Directors in 2020. Ms. Raiss has a BS in Applied Mathematics and an MBA, both from the University of Michigan. She also holds the ICD.D designation. Other directorships The Loblaw Companies, Ltd. (TSX: “L”), a public food retailer — Director and member of the Corporate Governance Committee and Chair of the Pension Committee The Commercial Metals Company (NYSE: “CMC”), a public metal manufacturer and recycler — Lead Director as of 2022, past Chair of the Compensation Committee and past Chair and current member of the Nominations and Governance Committee; member of the Audit Committee Michael Sieger Voting results 2023: Votes for: 147,836,691 Percentage For: 97.63% Independent Age: 62 Residence: Miami Beach, FL, USA Director since: March 20, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: 3,036.53 Common Shares DSUs held:1,570.30 Committees: Compensation Committee Key attributes and qualifications Michael Sieger was appointed to the Board in 2023. Mr. Sieger brings to the Board extensive experience and leadership in the automotive insurance industry from over three decades with The Progressive Corporation (NYSE: PGR). Mr. Sieger possesses strong public company executive management experience, as well as significant strategic planning and operational experience. Mr. Sieger retired from Progressive in January 2022, where he served as its Claims President since 2015. Mr. Sieger also held various other positions at Progressive from 1990 to 2015: including as its General Manager Claims Process from 2007 to 2015, General Manager Northeast Field Claims from 1999 to 2007, General Manager WA and PA from 1996 to 1999, Product Manager MS from 1992 to 1996 and Product Manager Corporate Marketing from 1990 to 1992. Prior to joining Progressive, Mr. Sieger served as a consultant at Frank Lynn & Associates from 1989 to 1990. Mr. Sieger also serves on the board of directors of nonprofit organizations Bellefaire JCB and the Jewish Federation of Cleveland. Mr. Sieger is also a member of the board of directors of Crash Champions and serves on the Advisory Boards of Hi Marley and Verisk. Mr. Sieger holds a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering from Case Western Reserve University and an MBA from the University of Chicago Graduate School of Business. Other directorships Crash Champions, LLC, a private collision repair company Past directorships(past five years) IAA, Inc., a previously publicly traded auto auction company   21 2024 Proxy Statement Jeffrey C. Smith DSUs held: 1,151.47 Committees: Integration Committee Voting results 2022:2023: N/AVotes for: 148,653,187 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   23 Table of Contents CAROL M. STEPHENSONPercentage For: 98.17% Key attributes and qualifications Ms. Stephenson served as Dean of the Ivey Business School at Western University from 2003 until her retirement in 2013. Prior to joining the Ivey Business School, she was President and CEO of Lucent Technologies Canada from 1999 to 2003 and a member of the Advisory Board of General Motors of Canada, Limited, a GM subsidiary, from 2005 to 2009. Ms. Stephenson has been a board member of General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM) since 2009 where she has previously served as Chair of the Compensation Committee, of Maple Leaf Foods, Inc. (TSE: MFI) since 2016 where she currently serves as Chair of the Corporate Governance Committee, and of Mattamy Asset Management since 2020. Ms. Stephenson has previously served on the boards of Ballard Power Systems, Inc. (2012 to 2017), Intact Financial Corporation (2004 to 2021), Manitoba Telecom Services, Inc. (2008 to 2016) and Sears Canada, Inc. (2001 to 2006). Ms. Stephenson is an officer of the Order of Canada. Ms. Stephenson is a graduate of the University of Toronto. She completed the Executive Program at the Graduate School of Business Administration, University of California and the Advanced Management Program at Harvard University. She holds honorary doctorates from Ryerson Polytechnic University and Western University. Other directorships General Motors Corporation (NYSE: GM), a publicly traded automotive manufacturing company (2009 to Present) – Director Maple Leaf Foods, Inc. (TSE: MFI), a publicly traded consumer packaged meats company (2016 to Present) – Director, Chair of the Corporate Governance Committee Mattamy Asset Management (Private), an asset manager (2020 to Present) – Director Residence: London, OntarioIndependent Age:72 51 IndependentResidence: Boca Raton, FL, USA Director since: March 14, 2023 Shares owned, controlled or directed: See information set forth in section titled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters” and footnotes thereto. DSUs held:1,609.08 Committees: Integration Committee Key attributes and qualifications Jeffrey Smith was appointed to the Board in 2023. Mr. Smith is a Managing Member, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of Starboard Value LP, a New York-based investment adviser with a focused and fundamental approach to investing primarily in publicly traded U.S. companies, which he founded in April 2011, with a spin-off of the existing Value and Opportunity Fund. From January 1998 to April 2011, Mr. Smith was at Ramius LLC, a subsidiary of the Cowen Group, Inc., where he was a Partner and Managing Director and the Chief Investment Officer of the funds that comprised the Value and Opportunity investment platform. Mr. Smith served as chair of the boards of Papa John’s International, Inc. from February 2019 to March 2023; Starboard Value Acquisition Corp. from November 2019 until it merged with Cyxtera Technologies, Inc. (Nasdaq: CYXT) in July 2021; and Advance Auto Parts, Inc. from May 2016 to May 2020. He served as chair of the board of Darden Restaurants, Inc. from October 2014 to April 2016. Mr. Smith was formerly on the boards of Cyxtera Technologies, Inc. from July 2021 to March 2023; Perrigo Company plc from February 2017 to August 2019; Yahoo! Inc from April 2016 to June 2017; Quantum Corporation from May 2013 to May 2015; Office Depot, Inc. from August 2013 to September 2014; Regis Corporation from October 2011 until October 2013; and Surmodics, Inc. from January 2011 to August 2012. Mr. Smith also previously served as chair of the board of directors of Phoenix Technologies Ltd.; and as a director of Zoran Corporation, Actel Corporation, S1 Corporation, Kensey Nash Corporation, and the Fresh Juice Company, Inc. Mr. Smith holds a Bachelor of Science in Economics from the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania. Past directorships(past five years) Papa John’s International, Inc., a publicly listed pizza company; Starboard Value Acquisition Corp., an investment advising company; Cyxtera Technologies, Inc., a publicly listed data company; Advance Auto Parts, Inc., a publicly listed automotive aftermarket parts company; and Perrigo Company plc, a publicly listed manufacturing company. Debbie Stein Independent Age:63 Residence: Calgary, AB, Canada Director since: N/A Shares owned, controlled or directed: nil DSUs held: nil Committees: N/A Voting results 2023: N/A Key attributes and qualifications Debbie Stein brings extensive experience in infrastructure, energy and utility sectors to the Company. Ms. Stein has previously served as Senior Vice President, Finance, and Chief Financial Officer of AltaGas Ltd. from 2008-2015, and CFO and Corporate Secretary of Alta Gas Utilities from 2005 to 2008. Ms. Stein has also held positions in TC Energy Corporation, Wendy’s Restaurants of Canada and Paramount’s Canada’s Wonderland. Ms. Stein holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics (Hons.) from York University and is a Fellow of Chartered Professional Accountants (FCPA, CPA), and holds the ESG Global Competent Boards Designation and the Institute of Corporate Directors designation (ICD.D). Other directorships Ms. Stein has also served on a number of public and private company boards, including directorships at: Aecon Group Inc. since 2019, where she chairs the Audit Committee and serves on the Corporate Governance and Compensation Committee; Parkland Corporation since 2016, where she chairs the Environment, Safety and Sustainability Committee and serves on the Governance, Nominating and Ethics Committee*; NuVista Energy Ltd. since 2016, where she chairs the Audit Committee and serves on the ESG Committee; and Trican Well Service Ltd. since 2016 where she chairs the Governance Committee and serves on the Audit Committee. Ms. Stein also chairs the Audit Committee and serves on the Investment and Governance Committee of the board of Ontario Teacher’s Pension Plan since 2023. *Ms. Stein has decided not to stand for re-election to the Parkland Corporation board at its upcoming annual general meeting of shareholders on March 28, 2024. Ms. Stein will, therefore, no longer be a board member of Parkland Corporation on the date she begins her tenure on the RB Global, Inc. Board if so elected.   22 2024 Proxy Statement Carol M. Stephenson Independent Age: 73 Residence: London, ON, Canada Director since:April 27, 2022 Shares owned, controlled or directed:nil 4,320 DSUs held: 1,4953,595.44 Committees: Compensation Committee Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee (Chair) Voting results 2022: Votes for: 93,623,983 Percentage: 99.60%Compensation Committee None Voting results 2023: Votes for: 141,744,317 Percentage For: 93.60% Key attributes and qualifications Carol M. Stephenson served as Dean of the Company’s non-executive directors have been granted stock optionsIvey Business School at Western University from 2003 until her retirement in 2013. Prior to joining the Ivey Business School, she was President and CEO of Lucent Technologies Canada from 1999 to 2003 and a member of the Advisory Board of General Motors of Canada, Limited, a GM subsidiary, from 2005 to 2009. Ms. Stephenson was a board member of General Motors Company (NYSE: GM) from 2009 to 2023 where she chaired the Compensation Committee. She also served on the board of Maple Leaf Foods, Inc. (TSE: MFI) until 2023 where she chaired the Corporate Governance Committee. She has served on the board of Mattamy Asset Management since their appointment. The Company ceased granting stock options2020. Ms. Stephenson has previously served on the boards of Ballard Power Systems, Inc. (2012 to non-executive directors in 2004,2017), Intact Financial Corporation (2004 to 2021), Manitoba Telecom Services, Inc. (2008 to 2016) and Sears Canada, Inc. (2001 to 2006). Ms. Stephenson is an officer of the Order of Canada. Ms. Stephenson is a graduate of the University of Toronto. She completed the Executive Program at the Graduate School of Business Administration, University of California and the Company’s Policy Regarding the Granting of Equity-Based Compensation Awards (the “Stock Option Policy”) precludes any such issuance.Advanced Management Program at Harvard University. She holds honorary doctorates from Ryerson Polytechnic University and Western University. Recommendation Other directorships Mattamy Asset Management (Private), an asset manager – Director Past directorships(past five years) General Motors Company (NYSE: GM), a publicly traded automotive manufacturing company – Director, Chair of the BoardCompensation Committee The Board recommends Maple Leaf Foods, Inc. (TSE: MFI), a vote “FOR” eachpublicly traded consumer packaged meats company – Director, Chair of the nominees.Corporate Governance Committee Intact Financial Corporation (TXS: IFC), a property and casualty insurance company - Director 24 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Recommendation of the Board The Board recommends a vote “FOR” each of the nominees. Table of Contents  23 2024 Proxy Statement INFORMATION CONCERNING OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS INFORMATION CONCERNING OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS The following table sets forth certain information with respect to our current executive officers, other than Ms. Fandozzi,Jim Kessler, whose information may be found under “Proposal One: Election of Directors —– Information Concerning the Nominees to the Board of Directors” on page 14.16. JIM KESSLEREric Guerin President and Chief Operating Officer Age: 50 Jim Kessler was appointed Chief Operating Officer (COO) effective May 11, 2020 and was promoted to President & Chief Operating Officer in September of 2021. Mr. Kessler has held various leadership positions in his career including those of President, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer. He actedOfficer Age: 52 Mr. Guerin brings extensive senior executive financial leadership experience to the Company. Most recently, Mr. Guerin served as the Chief OperatingFinancial Officer of Abra Auto BodyVeritiv Corporation, a leading distributor of packaging, facility solutions, and Glassprint products, from 2017 to 2019, where he oversaw operations, procurement and growth initiatives which led to the mergerMarch 1, 2023 until its acquisition in November of the first national collision repair provider in the United States. He also held a variety of senior leadership positions at Caliber Collision, vRide and Pep Boys including Chief Operating Officer2023. Mr. Guerin previously served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of vRideCDK Global, Inc., a provider of retail technology and software-as-a-service solutions from 2013 to 2016. Most recently,January 18, 2021 until July 22, 2022. Mr. KesslerGuerin also served as Division Vice President, of Emerging Business for Caliber CollisionFinance from 2019 toAugust 2020 during which he focused on evaluatingthrough January 18, 2021 and scaling businesses that would complement collision repair services. Mr. Kessler holds an undergraduate degreeas Division Vice President and MBA from Saint Joseph’s University. ERIC JACOBS Chief Financial Officer Age: 55 Eric Jacobs joined Ritchie Bros. in June of 2022 as Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Jacobs brings extensive senior executive leadership experience in digital marketplaces to Ritchie Bros. Most recently, Mr. Jacobs served asSector Chief Financial Officer, at Wheels Up ExperienceCorning Glass Technologies from September 2016 through August 2020 for Corning Incorporated, a provider of specialty glass, ceramics and related materials and technologies for industrial and scientific applications. Earlier in his career, Mr. Guerin served in a number of financial management roles for various public companies, including Flowserve Corporation, Novartis and Johnson & Johnson. Mr. Guerin serves as a member of the board of directors for Skyworks Solutions, Inc., an industry-leading marketplace for private aviation Mr. Guerin obtained a Masters of Business Administration from 2018St. John’s University and a Bachelor of Science in Accounting from the College of Staten Island. Drew Fesler Chief People Officer Age: 52 Drew Fesler is the Company’s Chief People Officer. Before his appointment to May of 2022. Prior to Wheels Up,this position in September 2023, Mr. JacobsFesler served as the Company’s Senior Vice President, Corporate Development of Cox Automotive, Inc.People Team from October 2022 and Executivebefore that, as Vice President, ChiefPeople Team, beginning September 2021. He has extensive experience aligning human resources with a company’s changing business strategy and corporate objectives. From 2019 until he joined the Company, Mr. Fesler was a consultant at Accenture, where he helped clients in the transportation, retail, and healthcare industries transform their human capital functions during mergers, acquisitions, or restructurings. He began his career as an engineer and has since held leadership roles in a variety of disciplines with leading companies including Ameriprise Financial, & Administrative Officer of Dealertrack Technologies, Inc., collectively, the largest marketplaceON Semiconductor, and leading provider of SaaS solutions to the U.S. retail automotive industry. General Electric. Mr. Jacobs also served as Senior Vice President, General Counsel of Dealertrack and President of Dealertrack Canada. In addition to Dealertrack, the Cox Automotive group includes brands such as Manheim Auctions, Kelley Blue Book and Autotrader. Prior to Dealertrack, Mr. Jacobs was an attorney focusing on corporate mergers & acquisitions and securities law at O’Melveny & Myers LLP and an audit manager at KPMG LLP. Mr. JacobsFesler holds a J.D. with honorsMaster of Business Administration from RutgersVanderbilt University – Owen Graduate School of Law-NewarkManagement, and a B.S.Bachelor of Science in Business Administration with a major in Accounting from Rider University. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   25 Table of Contents CARMEN THIEDE Chief Transformation and People Officer Age: 56 Carmen Thiede was appointed as Chief People Officer in August of 2021 and was promoted to Chief Transformation and People Officer in 2022. Prior to that, Ms. Thiede was the Company’s Chief Human Resources Officer, since April of 2020. Ms. Thiede brings significant experience to the Company gained during her impressive career in human resources leadership across diverse industries including automotive, financial and technological services at RBC, Ameriprise Financial Services, Regis Corporation (where she served as Chief Human Resources Officer & SVP, Premium Salon Operations from 2013 to 2017), ABRA Auto Body and Glass (where she served as Chief People Officer from 2017 to 2019), and SnapAV (where she served as Chief Human Resources Officer from 2019 to 2020). Ms. Thiede has a Bachelor’s Degree in Mathematics and Economics from St. Olaf College and a Master’s Degree in Human Resources and Industrial RelationsEngineering from the University of Minnesota — Carlson School of Management.Tennessee, Knoxville.   24 2024 Proxy Statement BARON CONCORSBaron Concors Chief Product and Technology OfficerOfficer Age: 5354 Baron Concors was appointed as Chief Information Officer (CIO)(“CIO”) effective March 23, 2020 and was promoted to Chief Product and Technology Officer in November of 2022. Mr. Concors held various leadership positions in his career, including CIO of Yum Brands from 2012 to 2014 where he was responsible for Taco Bell, KFC and Pizza Hut information technology in over 120 countries, and Chief Information OfficerCIO for Pizza Hut from 2008 to 2012. He also served as Chief Digital Officer for Pizza Hut from 2014 to 2017, where he led digital transformation for the global business. In addition, Mr. Concors held a variety of leadership positions at FedEx, Deloitte & Touche LLP, and Ernst & Young LLP. Most recently, Mr. Concors served as CIO at ABRA Auto Body and Glass from 2017 to 2020, a leading national vehicle collision repair company, where he helped transform the customer experience through technology. He was named by Computerworld Magazine as one of the Premier 100 IT Leaders in the world and Forbes Magazine named the Pizza Hut iPhone application the #1 branded mobile application of the year. Mr. Concors serves on the boards of Bibliotheca and Punchh. As previously disclosed, Mr. Concors will be leaving the Company effective on or about June 1, 2024. Mr. Concors graduated from the University of Texas-Arlington and earned his MBA from the University of Tennessee. DARREN WATTDarren Watt SVP & General CounselChief Legal Officer Age: 5152 Darren Watt joined the Company in 2004 as in-house legal counsel. In 2012, Mr. Watt was promoted to Vice President Legal Affairs, and in 2013 was appointed General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, and also assumed the role of VP Corporate Development until the subsequent establishment of a distinct corporate development team in 2015, at which point Mr. Watt resumed his focus on legal matters.Secretary. On August 29, 2016, Mr. Watt was promoted to Senior Vice President and& General Counsel and to Chief Legal Officer in 2016.April of 2023. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Watt practiced with McCarthy Tétrault LLP from 1998 to 2004(1998 − 2004) as an Associate lawyer in the area of Corporate Finance & Securities. Mr. Watt is a member of the Law Society of British Columbia and holds a Law Degree from the University of British Columbia, as well as an Honours Bachelor of Arts degree (International Relations) from the University of Toronto. Jeff Jeter Chief Revenue Officer Age: 65 Jeff Jeter is the Company’s Chief Revenue Officer. Prior to joining the Company in 2017, Mr. Jeter was President, IronPlanet leading IronPlanet’s US and international sales and new business planning activities, including identifying strategic initiatives and driving new market launch initiatives. Mr. Jeter has also served as Senior Principal at PRTM Management Consultants, where he helped lead PRTM’s customer experience consulting for Fortune 1000 companies. Prior to PRTM, he was Senior Vice President of Marketing for Manugistics Group, Inc. (NASDAQ:MANU), where he executed global marketing strategies and managed the company’s new business development and sales operations initiatives. Mr. Jeter has 25 years of experience in sales, marketing, and international business, including two international assignments for Iomega, a wholly owned subsidiary of EMC Corporation (NYSE:EMC) and leader in innovative storage and network security solutions for small businesses, home offices and consumers. Mr. Jeter holds a B.A. from Wake Forest University and an M.B.A. from Mercer University. 26  25 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 2024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents CORPORATE GOVERNANCE CORPORATE GOVERNANCEOverview Overview The Board and the Company believe that excellent corporate governance practices are essential for the effective and prudent operation of the Company and for enhancing shareholder value. The Board’s Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for reviewing and, if deemed necessary, recommending changes to the Company’s corporate governance practices. Structure and membersMembers of the boardBoard The Company’s articles require the Board to have at least three and no more than twelve directors and provide that the Board is authorized to determine the actual number of directors within that range. The current Board is comprised of the following twelveeleven directors: • Jim Kessler • William Breslin • Erik Olsson • Ann Fandozzi • Brian Bales • William Breslin • Adam DeWitt • Robert G. Elton • Lisa Hook • Timothy O’Day • Sarah Raiss • Michael Sieger • Jeffrey C. Smith • Robert Elton • Adam DeWitt • Sarah Raiss • Carol M. Stephenson • Brian Bales • Timothy O’Day • Michael Sieger Independence of the directorsDirectors The Board is comprised of a majority of independent directors as defined under the applicable rules of the NYSE and National Instruments 58-101 Disclosure of Corporate Governance Practices (“(“NI 58-101”) and 52-110 Audit Committees (“(“NI 52-110”) adopted by the Canadian Securities Administrators. The NYSE listing standards provide that no director qualifies as “independent” unless the Board affirmatively determines that such director has no material relationship with the Company and NI 58-101 and NI 52-110 provide, in effect, that an independent director is a person that has no direct or indirect “material relationship” with the Company (defined to mean a relationship which could, in the view of the Board, be reasonably expected to interfere with the exercise of the director’s independent judgment). The NYSE listing standards and NI 52-110 set forth specific categories of relationships that disqualify a director from being independent. The Board has reviewed the independence of each director and director nominee and considered whether any director hasof them have a material relationship with the Company. The Board’s independence determination was based on information provided by the directors.directors and director nominees. As a result of this review, the Board affirmatively determined that Erik Olsson, William Breslin, Brian Bales, William Breslin, Adam DeWitt, Robert G. Elton, Lisa Hook,Gregory Morrison, Timothy O’Day, Sarah Raiss, Michael Sieger, Jeffrey C. Smith, Debbie Stein and Carol Stephenson, representing all 11 of the non-executive directors,director nominees, are independent within the meaning of the applicable rules of the NYSE and NI 58-101 and NI 52-110. Ms. FandozziMr. Kessler is not considered independent given herhis employment as CEO of the Company. There were no undisclosed transactions, relationships or arrangements that required consideration by the Board for purposes of determining director independence in 2022.2023. Meetings of the boardBoard and board member attendanceBoard Member Attendance at annual meetingAnnual Meeting In the year ended December 31, 2022,2023, the Board held 1516 Board meetings comprisedand an additional eight working sessions. The independent Board members held executive sessions without management present at each of regularly scheduled quarterlyits 16 meetings as well as a number of supplemental meetings.and eight working sessions. Each of our directors attended at least 75% of the aggregate 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   27 Table of Contents of the total number of meetings of our Board during the period that the director served on our Board and the total number of meetings of all committees of our Board on which he or she served during the year ended December 31, 2022.2023. Agenda and materials in relation to Board and Board committee meetings are generally circulated to directors for their review in advance of meetings. The following table presents information about attendance by directorsincumbent director nominees at Board and committee meetings for the year ended December 31, 2022. Each of our incumbent directors attended a substantial majority of the meetings of the Board of Directors. All directors are invited to attend Audit Committee meetings, regardless of whether they are members. Ms. Fandozzi routinely attends Audit, Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee meetings in an ex-officio capacity. Mr. Olsson attends Audit and Compensation Committee meetings in an ex-officio capacity.2023.   Director Board Meetings Audit Committee Meetings Compensation Committee Meetings Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Meetings     Erik Olsson(1)(5)(8) 15 — — 1     Ann Fandozzi 14 — — —     Robert G. Elton(2*)(3)(8) 14 4 6 —     Sarah Raiss(1*)(2)(6) 15 — 3 5     Adam DeWitt(2)(8) 13 4 — —     Lisa Hook(1)(3*)(4)(7)(8) 13 — 6 4     Carol Stephenson(1)(3)(4) 13 — 3 4     Total Meetings held in 2022 15 4 6 5   *Indicates Director is Chair of the Committee.   26 2024 Proxy Statement (1)Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee during fiscal year 2022. (2)Member of the Audit Committee during fiscal year 2022. (3)Member of the Compensation Committee during fiscal year 2022.Meetings Director Board Meetings1 Audit Committee Meetings Compensation Committee Meetings Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Meetings Jim Kessler2 5/5 Robert G. Elton 16/16 4/4 Brian Bales3 9/9 Adam DeWitt 16/16 4/4 Tim O’Day4 9/9 6/6 Sarah Raiss 16/16 4/4 7/7 Michael Sieger5 9/9 7/7 Jeffrey Smith6 10/10 Carol Stephenson 16/16 9/9 7/7 (4)Appointed a director on April 27, 2022. 1. Excludes eight additional working sessions held by the Board during 2023. 2. Mr. Kessler was appointed to the Board as of August 1, 2023 and attended 100% of the Board meetings from the time of his appointment. 3. Mr. Bales was appointed to the Board as of March 20, 2023 and attended 100% of the Board meetings from the time of his appointment. 4. Mr. O’Day was appointed to the Board and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee as of March 20, 2023 and attended 100% of the Board and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee meetings from the time of his appointment. 5. Mr. Sieger was appointed to the Board and the Compensation Committee as of March 20, 2023 and attended 100% of the Board and Compensation Committee meetings from the time of his appointment. Mr. Sieger was appointed as chair of the Compensation Committee, effective November, 13, 2023. Prior to that, Carol Stephenson was acting Compensation Committee Chair from July 12, 2023 to November 12, 2023. Prior to that, Lisa Hook, who retired from the Board on July 12, 2023, was the Compensation Committee chair and attended 6/6 Compensation Committee meetings, reflecting 100% of the Compensation Committee meetings while so appointed. 6. Mr. Smith was appointed to the Board as of March 14, 2023 and attended 100% of the Board meetings from the time of his appointment. (5)Member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee until April 2022. (6)Member of the Compensation Committee until April 2022. (7)Member of the Compensation Committee beginning in April 2022. (8)Messrs. Olsson, DeWitt and Elton and Ms. Hook were each part of the Transaction Committee that was formed for efficient process review and oversight of the IAA acquisition. The Transaction Committee held several meetings during 2022 in addition to the meetings noted above. In addition, the independent directors met immediately before or following each of the regularly-scheduled board meetings, and otherwise held meetings and several information sessions in 2022 without management present. These meetings were chaired by the Board Chair. Board members are encouraged but not required to attend the annual general meeting of shareholders. All directors serving at such time attended the 20222023 Annual and Special Meeting of shareholders. Independent chairChair Erik Olsson is the current Board Chair and is an independent director. Under the description of the position adopted by the Board, the Board Chair is responsible for overseeing the management, development and effective performance of the Board, and taking all reasonable measures to ensure that the Board fully executes its mandate and that directors clearly understand and respect the boundaries between the Board’s and management’s responsibilities. Following the completion of Mr. Olsson’s term as director at the Meeting, the Company expects the Board to appoint Bob Elton, who currently serves as Vice Chair of the Board, as the successor independent Board Chair. See also “— Board Leadership Structure” on page 3634 and “— Director Term Limits and Board Renewal” on page 33.32. 28 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Board mandateMandate The mandate of the Board is to supervise management of the Company and to act in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. The Board acts in accordance with its formal mandate and: • the CBCA; • the Company’s articles and by-laws; • the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics; • the charters of the Board committees, including the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee; • the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines; and • other applicable laws and Company policies. The Board or its designated committees approve significant decisions that affect the Company and its subsidiaries before they are implemented. The Board or a designated committee oversees the implementation of such decisions and reviews the results.   27 2024 Proxy Statement The Board meets with the CEO and other executive officers of the Company from time to time to discuss and review internal measures and systems adopted by the management to ensure a culture of integrity throughout the organization. The Board is involved in the Company’s strategic planning process. The Board is responsible for reviewing and approving strategic initiatives, taking into account the risks and opportunities of the business. Management updates the Board on the Company’s performance in relation to strategic initiatives at least quarterly. Management undertakes an annual strategic planning process, with regular Board involvement in the process and review and approval of the resulting strategic plan. During 2022, there were 15 meetings of the Board. The frequency of meetings and the nature of agenda items change depending upon the state of the Company’s affairs. The Board is responsible for overseeing the identification of the principal risks of the Company and ensuring that risk management systems are implemented. The principal risks of the Company include those related to the Company’s integration of acquisitions, the Company’s underwritten business, ability to sustain and manage growth, its reputation and industry. The Board ensures thatoversees the Company adopts appropriateCompany's adoption of risk management practices, including a comprehensive enterprise risk management program, and the Board regularly reviews and provides input on the same. See also the discussion under “— Board’s Role in Risk Oversight” on page 36.34. The Board is responsible for the selection and performance of the CEO, and the appointment of other executive officers. The Nominating & Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for developing guidelines and procedures for selection and long-range and emergency succession planning for the CEO. See the discussions under “— Executive & Chief Executive Officer Succession Planning” on page 32.31. The Board reviews all the Company’s financial communications, including annual and quarterly reports. The Company communicates with its stakeholders through a number of channels including its website. The Board oversees the Company’s disclosure policy, which requires, among other things, the accurate and timely communication of all material information as required by applicable law. The Audit Committee meets regularly to review reports from management of the Company and discuss specific risk areas with management and the external auditors. The Board, through the Audit Committee, oversees the effectiveness and integrity of the Company’s internal control processes and management information systems. The Audit Committee also directly oversees the activities of the Company’s external auditors. The Company’s Disclosure Committee reports to the Audit Committee on a quarterly basis on the quality of the Company’s internal control processes. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is responsible for reviewing the governance principles of the Company, recommending any changes to these principles, and monitoring their disclosure. This committee is responsible for the corporate governance disclosure included in the Company’s Proxy Statement.proxy statement. Through industry 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   29 Table of Contents forums and access to professional advisors, the committee keeps abreast of best practices to ensure the Company continues to carry out high standards of corporate governance. The Board has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines, which are available on our website at investor.ritchiebros.com.investor.rbglobal.com. As provided in the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, the Board, with the assistance of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, determines from time to time the number of directors on the Board, within a range specified in the Company’s charter documents. The Board believes that given the size and scope of the Company following the IAA acquisition, the Board should include twelveeleven directors at this time. The Board believes that the current membership of the Board, and the membership of the Board subsequent to the Meeting, reflects appropriate experience and an appropriate number of unrelated and independent directors, and permits the Board to operate in an efficient manner. As described below, in February 2015 the Board adopted a diversity policy (the “Diversity Policy”“Diversity Policy”), including aan updated target, as of 2023, for the number of women on the Board.   28 2024 Proxy Statement Position descriptionsDescriptions The entire Board is responsible for the overall governance of the Company. Any responsibility that is not delegated to senior management or a Board committee remains with the entire Board. The Board has adopted position descriptions for the CEO and the Board Chair. The charters of the committees of the Board are considered to be position descriptions for the chairs of the committees. The CEO position description was reviewed and revised in connection with the process of hiring Ms. Fandozzi.2019. The CEO has overall responsibility for all Company operations, subject to Board oversight. The Board reviews and approves the corporate objectives for which the CEO is responsible and such corporate objectives form a key reference point for the review and assessment of the CEO’s performance. The Board has defined the limits to management’s authority. The Board expects management, among other things, to: • set the appropriate “tone at the top” for all employees of the Company; • implement effective succession planning strategies and provide for development of senior management; • review the Company’s strategies and their implementation in all key areas of the Company’s activities, provide relevant reports to the Board related thereto and integrate the Board’s input into management’s strategic planning for the Company; • carry out a comprehensive planning process and monitor the Company’s financial performance against the annual plan approved by the Board; and • identify opportunities and risks affecting the Company’s business, develop and provide relevant reports to the Board related thereto and, in consultation with the Board, implement appropriate mitigation strategies. Orientation and continuing educationContinuing Education All new directors receive a comprehensive information package, which includes a record of historical public information about the Company, a copy of the Company’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, the mandate of the Board and the charters of the Board committees, and other relevant corporate and business information and securities filings. In addition, the Company’s orientation for directors involves meeting with the Board Chair, CEO and senior management of the Company for an interactive introductory discussion about the Company and its strategy and operations, and providing the directors with an opportunity to ask questions. New directors are also expected to attend as an observer at least one meeting of each Board committee during their first year. All directors are also encouraged to meet with management informally, visit auction sites and other Company offices and facilities, and attend “town hall” meetings on a periodic basis. New Board members joining any of the Board committees also receive committee orientation materials and meetings with the then current applicable committee chairs and relevant members of the management team. Senior management makes regular presentations to the Board on the main areas of the Company’s business and updates the Board quarterly on the Company’s financial and operating performance. External subject matter experts are also invited to make presentations to the Board on emerging topics of interest on a periodic basis. 30 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Directors are encouraged to take relevant professional development courses at the Company’s expense, and at times, the Company also recommends appropriate courses and conferences and encourages directors to attend. The Company maintains, at its expense, individual memberships for all directors with the National Association of Corporate Directors and the Institute of Corporate Directors and a number of directors have attended training courses offered to members of these institutions. All directors subscribe to and make regular use of the reference materials provided by these organizations. Code of business conductBusiness Conduct and ethicsEthics The Board has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, applicable to all directors, officers and employees, the full text of which can be found on our website at investor.ritchiebros.com.investor.rbglobal.com. Any shareholder may request a paper copy, free of charge, of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics by making such request in writing to Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated, to: RB Global, Inc. Attention: Corporate Secretary 9500 Glenlyon Parkway Burnaby, British Columbia, V5J 0C6, Canada.   29 2024 Proxy Statement The Board and management review and discuss from time to time the effectiveness of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and any areas or systems that may be further improved. The Company performs a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics compliance review on an annual basis, and seeks annual confirmation of understanding of and adherence to the Code from all employees throughout the Company and from directors. The Company, through directors’ and officers’ questionnaires and other systems, gathers and monitors relevant information in relation to potential conflicts of interest that a director or officer may have. No material change report has been filed that pertains to any conduct of a director or executive officer that constitutes a departure from the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. The Company complies with the relevant provisions under the CBCA that deal with conflict of interest in the approval of agreements or transactions, and the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics sets out additional guidelines in relation to conflict of interest situations. Specifically, the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics includes provisions requiring disclosure and avoidance of conflicts of interest where personal interests interfere, or appear to interfere, with the Company’s business responsibilities, including doing business with family members, accepting outside employment, using corporate opportunities for personal benefit, holding interests in outside organizations that impact the Company and regarding the Company not providing corporate loans or extending credit guarantees to or for the personal benefit of directors or officers. The Company was founded on, and the business continues to be successful largely as a result of, a commitment to ethical conduct and doing what is right. Employees are regularly reminded about their obligations in this regard and senior management demonstrates a culture of integrity and monitors employees by being closely engaged with the active operations of the business. The Company has implemented procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters, and for the confidential, anonymous submission by employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters or reports of wrongdoing or violations of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. Exemptions or waivers from our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics may only be granted by formal approval of senior management and/or the Audit Committee. The Company will publish any waivers of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for an executive officer or director on our website. The Company had no such waivers in 2022.2023. Further, during 2022,2023, the Company had no transactions where the policies and procedures summarized above required review, approval, or ratification, or where such policies and procedures were not followed. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   31 Table of Contents Shareholder and other interested party communicationsOther Interested Party Communications to the boardBoard In furtherance of its commitment to engaging in constructive and meaningful communication with shareholders, the Company has adopted a formal Shareholder Engagement Policy in order to promote open and sustained dialogue with shareholders and other interested parties in a manner consistent with the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. The Policy outlines topics which are considered suitable for Board-Shareholder communication, including: • Board structure and composition • Board performance • Chief Executive Officer performance • Executive compensation philosophy and structure • Executive succession philosophy, process and oversight • Corporate governance practices and disclosures • Board involvement in strategy development and oversight • Risk management oversight Shareholders and other interested parties may initiate communications with the Board by directing their questions or concerns to the independent directors through the Board Chair c/o the Corporate Secretary, Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated,RB Global, Inc., 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, B.C. V5J 0C6 or email to chairman_of_the_board@rbauction.com.Chair_of_the_Board@rbglobal.com. All relevant correspondence, with the exception of solicitations for the purchase or sale of products and services and other similar types of correspondence, will be forwarded to the Board Chair. Purely for administrative purposes, correspondence to the Board Chair may be opened or viewed by the Company’s Corporate Secretary. A copy of the Company’s Shareholder Engagement Policy is available on the Company’s website at investor.ritchiebros.com.investor.rbglobal.com.   30 2024 Proxy Statement Executive & chief executive officer succession planningand Chief Executive Officer Succession Planning The Board is responsible for ensuring that the Company has an appropriate organizational structure in place, including a CEO and other key executives who have the skills and expertise to ensure the effective management of the Company. The Board is supported in this function by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, which is responsible for ensuring that management has a robust process in place for CEO succession planning. Succession planning may incorporate the consideration of recruitment of external candidates as well as internal candidates, depending on the evolving needs of the business. Under the oversight of the Compensation Committee, management has implemented a talent review process building on the Company’s annual performance management process. This process, in addition to identifying the high-potential and high-performing talent, assists management to review succession plans at key levels and establish development plans for key talent. This process is the basis for enterprise succession planning and will continue to evolve in the coming years with the aim of ensuring that the Company has the appropriate level of executive bench strength necessary to drive growth and ensure long-term profitability. The succession plan for the CEO and other key executive roles is formally reviewed with the full boardBoard once a year, and there are further periodic discussions of talent progression throughout the year. In addition to ordinary course CEO succession planning, the Company’s Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, in consultation with the CEO, also implements a succession plan to address unanticipated emergency situations. The emergency succession plan is reviewed annually. The Board encourages senior management to participate in professional and personal development activities, courses and programs, and supports management’s commitment to training and developing its employees with a special focus on areas of strategic importance. 32 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Board evaluationsEvaluations and director assessmentsDirector Assessments The Board has an annual assessment process for the Board, its committees, and individual directors. The process is administered by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and the results of each annual assessment are shared with all directors. The process considers Board and committee performance relative to the Board mandate or relevant committee charters, as appropriate, and provides a mechanism for all directors to individually and confidentially assess and provide comments on Board, committee and Board Chair performance, as well as a self-assessment of individual director performance. As part of these evaluations, the directors will provide their assessments of the effectiveness of the Board, the Board Chair, themselves as individual Board members, and the committees on which they serve. The Board also periodically performs a peer-to-peer review as part of its continuing effort to advance and refine its assessment process, with the most recent peer-to-peer review taking place in February 2019.process. The Board as a whole will review the individual committee assessments, and the Board Chair will review individual members’ self-evaluations and peer reviews with them, along with any other ideas for improvement. The Board may, at its discretion, engage an independent corporate governance expert to gather, organize and/or summarize the individual assessments for discussion with the Board and the committees. In 2020, the Board engaged Watson, Inc., an independent third partythird-party consultant specializing in corporate governance, to conduct a formal evaluation of the Board and its activities, with key objectives of assessing the way the Board functions and carries out its governance responsibilities and identifying opportunities to enhance governance in a way that would have a direct impact on the company’s performance and its ability to meet strategic goals. As part of such process, feedback was gathered from all directors and select members of management via a confidential survey, followed by confidential one-on-one interviews. Watson’s report was delivered to the Board in May 2020, and the Board continues to enhanceenhanced its practices based on the feedback and recommendations provided. In 2021, the Board engaged with The Board Institute to conduct its annual board committee evaluations, leveraging the platform to assess and benchmark the effectiveness of such committees, identify key strengths and weaknesses of each committee’s structure, policies and practices and opportunities for enhancement. In 2022, the Board utilized The Board Institute’s Protiviti Board Risk Oversight Meter to assess and benchmark the strength of the Board’s risk oversight processes. The Board actively changes its evaluation process and focus periodically to ensure maximum value and impact. In 2022 and 2023, the Board and CEO completed an open endedopen-ended series of questions around the most critical issues facing the business, the Company’s strategy and board effectiveness, had a thorough discussion and developed specific actions in response.   31 2024 Proxy Statement Director term limitsTerm Limits and board renewalBoard Renewal In February of 2022, the Company amended its Corporate Governance Guidelines to eliminate the previously established mandatory retirement age of 72 for directors. In approving this amendment, the Board considered that the prior mandatory retirement age could result in the arbitrary or premature loss of active directors who are able to continue to make valuable contributions to the overall management, risk oversight and strategic vision of the Company. This amendment also serves to increase the pool of qualified director nominees that could be considered by the Board when it is in the best interest of the Company and its shareholders. After considering these factors, the Board concluded that a specific retirement age was not necessary and may be counterproductive, and that the Company and its shareholders are best served by retaining the flexibility in electing or appointing directors without an age restriction. The Company has determined not to adopt any other formal term limit for the members of the Board, but generally views a term of 10 – 15 years as an appropriate guideline to allow for the development of sufficient continuity and experience on the Board, while also ensuring adequate Board renewal. This guideline is set forth in the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   33 Table of Contents With a renewal lens, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee reviews the composition of the Board on a regular basis in relation to approved director criteria and skill requirements, experiences and performance of our Board members, to best support our strategy and the long-term success of the Company and shareholder value creation and recommends changes as appropriate to renew the Board. Representation of womenGender and Racial/Ethnic Diversity on the boardBoard and in the director identificationDirector Identification and selection processSelection Process The Company has adopted a Diversity Policy and amended the Director Selection Guidelines forming part of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter (the “Director Selection Guidelines”) to implement the provisions of such Diversity Policy. The Company values diversity and recognizes the organizational strength, deeper problem-solving ability and opportunity for innovation that diversity brings to the Board. The Company believes diversity is an important element of corporate governance and is good for the business. Diversity contributes to the achievement of the Company’s corporate objectives. It enables the Company to attract people with the best skills and attributes, and to develop a workforce whose diversity reflects that of the communities in which it operates. The Company’s Diversity Policy and Director Selection Guidelines established,was amended in 2023 to establish, as a measurable objective for improving gender diversity, that at least 25%30% of the Board be comprised of women. As of April 5, 2023, there are 4 female directors on the Board, representing 33.3% of the Board. In addition to a candidate’s independence, industry knowledge, skills, experience, leadership qualities and other factors, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee takes into account the diversity objectives set forth in the Diversity Policy and Director Selection Guidelines in selecting candidates for filling nomination and appointment to the Board. As of March 18, 2024, there are two female directors on the Board, representing 18% of the Board. The proposed slate of directors consists of three female nominees, which, if elected, would represent 27% of the Board. As recently as March 2022, female representation on the Company’s Board was 50%. The Company is committed to continuing to build on its proven track record in this regard. In addition, both of the Company’s new Board nominees, Ms. Stein and Mr. Morrison, provide racial/ethnic diversity to the Board. Representation of womenWomen in executive officer appointmentsExecutive Officer Appointments The Company is committed to improving the level of diversity, including the representation of women in executive officer appointments. The Company currently has two female executive officers: Ann Fandozzi, our Chief Executive Officer, and Carmen Thiede, our Chief Transformation and People Officer. As of April 5, 2023, women represent 33.3%March 18, 2024, the Company has one female on its executive leadership team, representing 10% of the Company’s executive officers, up from 14.2% in 2016 and up from 0% in 2014.leadership team. The Company has not adopted any specific target regarding women in executive positions. The Company believes that it has a balanced and effective approach in its executive selection process and has given emphasis to gender representation in its executive search program. Pursuant to the Company’s Diversity Policy, the Company’s management is responsible for implementing the Diversity Policy, achieving the diversity initiatives established by the Company and reporting to the Board on progress toward and achievement of diversity initiatives. In addition, management has embarked on a process to assess and improve diversity within the organization and will continue to focus on the development of a diversity and inclusion strategy during 2023. Since 2011, the Company has sponsored various leadership development initiatives including the Women’s Go Networking and Mentoring program and the Company’s Women in Leadership program open to all female employees aspiring to leadership roles. In addition, we have sponsored high-potential women to attend external leadership training and the annual Art of Leadership for Women conference. The Company also recognizes that it is equally important to increase female representation at the mid-management level as these positions are the Company’s pipeline for future executive officer roles. As such, the Company has continued to focus on recognizing high-potential women in our organization and, as a result, female representation at the Company’s mid-management level and above has increased.organization. In order to implement this initiative, the Company has: • established a global diversity and inclusion function supported by executive officers to anchor diversity and inclusion in the business strategy and to connect talent strategies; • structured a women’s employee resource group to implement Company-wide innovative diversity initiatives relating to women. These initiatives provide networking, training, development and mentoring opportunities for women to realize opportunities for personal and professional growth, and further develop confidence in leadership roles; 34 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents   32 2024 Proxy Statement • provided gender intelligence training to employees at director level and above to identify conscious and unconscious biases, with the aim of enhancing their appreciation of the value of diversity for the Company’s shareholders, customers, employees and the communities we serve; • developed a career website and recruiting collateral to include representation of the Company’s diverse workforce which demonstrates our commitment to diversity and inclusiveness. The talent acquisition team was trained on diversity recruiting tactics and the Company ensures female candidates are identified and interviewed during the recruiting process; • developed its talent management strategy to ensure diversity and inclusion integration into every aspect of its programs including succession planning, leadership development, learning, and identification and development of high potential talent using 360-degree assessments and coaching; and • fosters and supports the Women’s L.I.N.K. Program (Lead.Inspire.Network.Know), a global initiative to support women within the Company and further strengthen our core value of being a diverse and inclusive global organization to drive innovation through diversity of thought, gender, nationality and ethnicity. The Company’s management believes these initiatives and efforts will ensure a pipeline of diverse candidates and improve representation of women to be considered when making leadership and executive officer appointments. The Company is committed to providing an environment in which all employees are treated with fairness and respect, and have equal access to opportunities for advancement based on skills and aptitude. Group Representation of Women in Total Group Representation of Women as a % of Total Group Executive Officers 2 of 6 33.3% Other designated groupsDesignated Groups The Diversity Policy requires the Company to establish specific diversity initiatives and targets with the aim of progressing towards achieving such initiatives and targets. The Board recognizes the value that diversity brings to both the boardroom and workplace. As such, the Board proactively monitors the Company’s performance in terms of meeting the standards outlined in the Diversity Policy. This includes an annual review of any diversity initiatives or targets established by the Company, and progress in achieving them. The Board and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee consider diversity in the broadest sense, including individuals from designated groups (as such term is defined in the Employment Equity Act (Canada)) (the “Designated Groups”), in selecting potential director candidates and candidates for executive positions. The Board and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee consider the representation of the Designated Groups in identifying and nominating director candidates and candidates for executive positions in a variety of ways, including by actively seeking these candidates for inclusion in its list of potential candidates for future vacancies on the Board and appointments to executive positions. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee assesses the effectiveness of the diversity policyDiversity Policy by periodically reviewing the skills, expertise and background of each of the existing members of our Board. While the Company has adopted a target for women representation on the Board, the Company, at this time, has not adopted any specific targets for other types of diversity within the Designated Groups for Board positions or executive positions. The Company believes that it is a combination of the skills, experience and character of an individual that are the most important qualities in assessing the value that such individual can bring to the Board or to their executive position. To the knowledge of the Company, none (0%) of the Company’s directors self-identify as being an Indigenous person or being a member of a visible minority and one of twelve (8.3%eleven (9.1%) of the Company’s directors identifies as having a disability. To the knowledge of the Company, none (0%one (16.7%) of the Company’s executive officers self-identifyself-identifies as being a member of a visible minority and none (0%) identify as being an Indigenous person or having a disability, and one of six (16.7%) of the Company’s executive officers identifies as being a member of a visible minority.disability. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   35 Table of Contents We invited employees worldwide to participate in roundtable discussions about bias, racism and how we can make our doors more open to people of color. Employee volunteers representing 5five countries, 3three Canadian provinces and 14 U.S. states formed a Black Lives Matter Employee Resource Group in 2020, as we continued our diversity and inclusion journey by looking critically at our workplace and asking ourselves some difficult questions about diversity, inclusion and racial justice. We hope this is the first of many additional grassroots efforts to support our employees’ diverse needs. We prioritized education, recruitment, development and advancement of diverse team members as our actions. In 2021, we developed a framework to support additional Employee Resource Groups (“ERGs”) that meet our employees’ diverse needs resulting in the creation of two new groups. The Pride (LGBTQ+) ERG fosters a welcoming and inclusive workplace for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and nonbinary (LGBTQ+) employees. The SERVE (Military) ERG embraces our proud community of military service member and Veteran colleagues, including colleagues who have family members who have served or are serving, by building awareness and providing resources to past or present military service members and their families. The framework will be used in the future to establish additional ERGs as employee interests emerge.   33 2024 Proxy Statement Corporate governance guidelinesGovernance Guidelines The Board has adopted Corporate Governance Guidelines addressing, among other things, Board and management roles, Board functions and responsibilities, director qualifications, director independence, Board structure and performance evaluations. The guidelines are available on our website at investor.ritchiebros.com.investor.rbglobal.com. Board leadership structureLeadership Structure The Board does not have a formal written policy regarding the separation of the roles of CEO and Board Chair; however, the Board believes that separating the Board Chair and CEO positions is the most effective leadership structure for the Company. This structure allows the Board Chair to focus on the effectiveness of the Board while the CEO focuses on executing the Company’s strategy and managing the Company’s operations and performance. As required under the Corporate Governance Guidelines, the Board holds at least four scheduled meetings each year of the non-executive directors without management present. Additional executive sessions may be held from time to time as required. Mr. Olsson, as independentThe Board Chair presides at executive sessions. The non-executive directors met either immediately before or following each regularly-scheduled meeting of the Board, and otherwise held meetings and several information sessions in 20222023 without management present. Board’s roleRole in risk oversightRisk Oversight The Board oversees the Company’s enterprise risk management program, which focuses on the identification, assessment and mitigation of risks associated with achievement of the Company’s strategic objectives. Principal risks are identified and evaluated relative to their potential impact and likelihood of occurrence, including consideration of mitigating activities. The Company’s annual risk assessment process is linked to the annual strategic planning process, with periodic updates conducted to identify potential emerging risks, such as those associated with major business decisions, key initiatives and external factors. The Company’s enterprise risk management program is overseen at the senior executive level in conjunction with the Company’s risk management and internal audit group. Reports on principal risks and mitigation strategies are reviewed by the Company’s executive officers, the Audit Committee and the Board. 36 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Oversight of the Company’s management of principal risks forms part of the mandate of the Board and its committees. The Board has primary responsibility for oversight of the enterprise risk management program. Each of the Company’s principal risks is the responsibility of either a specific committee or the entire Board, as appropriate. The Board is responsible for overseeing the Company’s activities with respect to the identification, assessment and mitigation of cybersecurity and technology risks. The Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing, including with management and the Company’s independent auditor, if appropriate, the guidelines and policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management, specifically the Company’s major financial risk exposures and the steps management has taken to monitor and control such exposures. The Compensation Committee is responsible for oversight of compensation risk and accordingly, has considered the implications of the risks associated with the Company’s compensation policies and practices to ensure they do not encourage inappropriate risk taking by the Company’s executive officers. Compensation committee interlocksCommittee Interlocks and insider participationInsider Participation During 2022,2023, Michael Sieger, Carol Stephenson, Robert Elton J. Kim Fennell,and Lisa Hook Sarah Raiss and Carol Stephenson each served on our Compensation Committee. None of these persons has served as an officer or employee of the Company or has had any relationships with the Company requiring disclosure under applicable rules and regulations of the SEC. Each of these persons qualified as independent under applicable NYSE listings standards and Canadian securities laws and regulations. In addition, none of our executive officers served during 20222023 as a director or member of a compensation committee of any entity that has one or more of its executive officers serving as a member of our Board or our Compensation Committee.   2023 PROXY STATEMENT34   372024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents BOARD COMMITTEES BOARD COMMITTEESAudit Committee and Audit Committee Financial Expert Audit committee and audit committee financial expert The Audit Committee oversees the Company’s corporate accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of its financial statements. The Audit Committee was established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The members of our Audit Committee are currently Adam DeWitt, Robert Elton, Adam DeWitt, Sarah Raiss and Bill Breslin. Robert EltonAdam DeWitt is Chair of the Audit Committee. All committee members qualify as independent directors for audit committee purposes under the applicable NYSE listing standards, SEC rules and NI 52-110. The Board has determined that all current members of the Audit Committee are “financially literate” as interpreted by the Board in its business judgment. The Board has further determined that each of Robert Elton and Adam DeWitt qualifies as an audit"audit committee “financialfinancial expert,” as defined in the applicable rules of the SEC. The Audit Committee held four meetings during 2022.2023. Each of our incumbent directors on the Audit Committee attended all meetings of the committee that occurred following the time of their appointment to the committee. Information regarding the relevant education and experience of the members of the Audit Committee, as required under NI 52-110,52-110, is disclosed, under “Proposal One: Election of Directors — Information Concerning the Nominees to the Board of Directors”. The Audit Committee Charter establishes the Audit Committee and sets out its duties and responsibilities. The Audit Committee reviews and reassesses the adequacy of the Audit Committee Charter on an annual basis and, if appropriate, proposes changes to the Board. The Audit Committee Charter was most recently updated in February 2022.November 2023. The Audit Committee Charter is available on our website at investor.ritchiebros.com.investor.rbglobal.com. For further information on our Audit Committee and related matters, including the Report on Audited Financial Statements, see “Proposal Two: Appointment of Ernst & Young LLP” on page 48.44. The Audit Committee meets periodically with our independent accountants and management to review the scope and results of the annual audit and to review and discuss our financial statements and related reporting matters prior to the submission of the financial statements to the Board. In addition, the Audit Committee meets with the independent auditors on at least a quarterly basis to review and discuss the annual audit or quarterly review of our financial statements. Compensation committeeCommittee The Board has established a Compensation Committee, the current members of which are Lisa Hook, Carol Stephenson and Michael Sieger. Lisa HookMichael Sieger is Chair of the Compensation Committee. The Board has determined that the committee members qualify as independent directors for compensation committee purposes under the applicable NYSE standards and NI 58-101 and as non-employee directors under the SEC rules. The Compensation Committee held sixnine meetings during 2022.2023. The Compensation Committee reviews and assesses its charter at least annually and, if appropriate, proposes changes to the Board. The charter was most recently updated in February 2022.November 2023. A copy of the charter is available on our website at investor.ritchiebros.com.investor.rbglobal.com. The Compensation Committee, acting pursuant to its charter is responsible for, among other matters: • recommending to the Board the Company’s compensation philosophy for the Company’s executive officers, and overseeing the implementation of such compensation policies and programs; • reviewing and approving corporate goals and objectives relevant to the CEO’s compensation, evaluating the CEO’s performance in light of those goals and objectives and determining, or recommending to the independent directors of the Board, the CEO’s compensation based on this evaluation at least annually; 38 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents • reviewing and approving the CEO’s recommendations regarding annual compensation for the Company’s other executive officers;executives; • considering the implications of the risks associated with the Company’s compensation policies, practices and programs and reporting to the Board annually regarding such considerations; and • reviewing and recommending to the Board for its approval and, where required, submission to the Company’s shareholders, annual and long-term incentive and equity-based compensation plans for the Company’s executive officers and others, relevant changes to such plans, and overseeing the administration of such plans. The Compensation Committee’s charter allows the Compensation Committee to form and delegate authority to subcommittees and to delegate authority to one or more designated members of the Board or Company officers, provided that any such delegation complies with all applicable laws, regulations and stock exchange rules. See “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” on page 6654 for additional discussion regarding the process and procedures of the Compensation Committee with respect to compensation.   35 2024 Proxy Statement Nominating and corporate governance committeeCorporate Governance Committee The Board has established a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, the current members of which are Carol Stephenson, Sarah Raiss Carol Stephenson and Tim O’Day. Sarah RaissCarol Stephenson is Chair of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. The Board has determined that the committee members each qualify as an independent director for nominating and corporate governance committee purposes under the applicable NYSE standards and NI 58-101. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee held fiveseven meetings during 2022.2023. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee reviews and assesses its charter at least annually and, if appropriate, proposes changes to the Board. The charter was most recently updated in February 2022.November 2023. The charter is available on our website at investor.ritchiebros.com.investor.rbglobal.com. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, acting pursuant to its charter, serves the following purposes: • to address Board succession issues and identify individuals qualified to become members of the Board, consistent with criteria approved by the Board; • to select and recommend to the Board director and committee member candidates; • to develop, update as necessary and recommend to the Board corporate governance principles and policies applicable to the Company, including the Corporate Governance Guidelines, and to monitor compliance with such principles and policies; • to oversee the evaluation of the Board; • to facilitate and encourage director orientation and continuingeducation; • to review and recommend to the Board annual Board compensation; • to review and recommend for the Board’s approval annual director and officer insurance policies; and • oversee succession planning for the CEO.CEO; and • review with management and oversee the assessment of material environmental, social and governance issues facing the Company, the approach taken by management to effectively manage such risks and issues, and related public disclosures by the Company. Annually, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee follows a process designed to consider the election of directors, in accordance with the guidelines articulated in its charter and the Company’s Corporate Governance Guidelines, including, if applicable, to seek individuals qualified to become new Board members for recommendation to the Board to fill any vacancies. In assessing the qualification of a candidate, the committee adheres to the director selection guidelines set forth in the committee’s charter, which include, among other things: • the candidate’s personal and professional ethics, integrity and values; • the candidate’s training, experience and ability at making and overseeing policy in the business, government or education sectors;relevant policies; 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   39 Table of Contents • the candidate’s willingness and ability to devote the required time and effort to fulfill effectively the duties and responsibilities related to Board and committee membership and the candidate’s willingness and ability to serve on the Board for multiple terms, if nominated and elected; and • the candidate’s independence under SEC, Canadian securities laws or applicable stock exchange rules on independence. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes that having directors with, among other things, relevant professional experience, industry knowledge, functional skills and expertise, geographic experience and exposure, leadership qualities and public company board and committee experience is beneficial to the Board as a whole. Directors with such backgrounds can provide a useful perspective on significant risks and competitive advantages and an understanding of the challenges the Company faces. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee monitors the mix of skills and experience of directors and committee members to assess whether the Board has the appropriate tools to perform its oversight function effectively. With respect to nominating existing directors, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee reviews relevant information available to it and assesses their continued ability and willingness to devote the required time and effort to serve as a director, taking into consideration any other engagements they may have, including any other public boards on which they serve. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee also assesses each person’s contribution in light of the mix of skills and experience the committee deems appropriate for the Board. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee takes into account the diversity objectives set forth in the Diversity Policy and DirectorsDirector Selection Guidelines discussed belowherein in addition to the relevant skills and experience required by the Board, in selecting candidates for filling Board vacancies and changing its composition. With respect to considering nominations of new directors, including nominations by shareholders, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee identifies candidates based upon the criteria set forth above and in its charter. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee reviews selected candidates and makes a recommendation to the Board. The   36 2024 Proxy Statement Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may also seek input from other directors or from senior management when identifying candidates. There are no specific minimum qualifications required for nominees. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee has the responsibility for establishing corporate governance guidelines and overseeing the evaluation and effectiveness of the Board as a whole, as well as the committees of the Board and the contribution of individual directors. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee maintains and updates from time to time an inventory of the competencies, capabilities and skills of current nonexecutivenon-executive Board members. The following matrix is used as a reference tool for the ongoing assessment of Board composition, to ensure that desired skills and attributes are considered as new Board members are being assessed and to identify any gaps in the competencies that are required to successfully advance the overall strategy of the Company. 40 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents General Business Skill   Functional Experience Health & Safety, Commercial Large Environment Cybersecurity Equipment / Organization CEO Overseas Accounting and Social Financial / and Risk Organizational Strategic Automotive Digital Name Large Organization Experience CEO Experience Experience Overseas Experience Expertise Accounting Expertise Health & Safety, Environment and Social Responsibility Financial / Investment   Cybersecurity and Risk Oversight Marketing Structure Organizational StructureSales Planning Industries Transformation   Sales Strategic Planning Commercial Equipment / Automotive Industries Digital Transformation Erik OlssonRobert Elton • • • • • •   • • • • • • • Brian Bales • • • •   • • • • • • Adam DeWitt • • • • • •   • • • • • • •   Gregory Morrison • • • • • •   • • • • • • Timothy O’Day • • • • • •   • Brian Bales• • • • • •   Sarah Raiss • • • •   • • • • • • Michael Sieger • • • • • • • • Jeffrey C. Smith • • • • • •   • • • • • • •   Debbie Stein • • • •   • • • • Carol Stephenson • • • • •   • William Breslin• • • • • •   • • • • • • Adam DeWitt • • • • • • • • • • Robert Elton • • • • • • • • Lisa Hook • • • • • • • • • • Timothy O’Day • • • • • • • • • • • Sarah Raiss • • • • • • • Michael Sieger • • • • • • Jeffrey C. Smith • • • • • • • • • • • • • Pursuant to our by-laws, in addition to nomination of directors by or at the direction of the Board, shareholders may nominate director candidates pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of the Company’s by-laws, which includes advance notice provisions for nominations of directors by shareholders, and of the CBCA. The advance notice provisions in the Company’s by-laws are described under “Shareholder Proposals and Director Nominations” on page 112.106. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee does not have a formal policy on consideration of recommendations for candidates to the Board from registered shareholders. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes the evaluation of potential members of the Board is by its nature a case-by-case process, depending on the composition of the Board at the time, the needs and status of the business of the Company, and the experience and qualification of the individual. Accordingly, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee would consider any such recommendations on a case-by-case basis in its discretion, and, if accepted for consideration, would evaluate any such properly submitted nominee. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee periodically reviews the Company’s director compensation practices and recommends to the Board the form and amount of compensation and benefits for directors. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee from time to time retains independent consultants to provide advice regarding compensation for the directors of the Company. Please refer to the discussion of director compensation under “Non-Executive Director Compensation” on page 44.40. Other committeesCommittees In addition to the standing committees of the Board described above, the Board may form ad hoc committees from time to time. Recent ad hoc committees include the TransactionAn Integration Committee of independent directors that was formed for convenience and efficiency to oversee the evaluation of a potential transaction between the Company and IAA, and an Integration Committee that has been formedin March 2023 to monitor the progress of the integration of IAA, in addition to oversight by the entire Board. The Integration Committee includes Robert Elton, Brian Bales, Adam DeWitt, Lisa Hook and Jeffrey Smith. Robert Elton is Chair of the Integration Committee. The Company expects to provide shareholders with regular reports on the integration process.   2023 PROXY STATEMENT37   412024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents OTHER MATTERS OTHER MATTERSLegal Proceedings Legal proceedings WeExcept as described below, we do not currently know of any material legal proceedings against us or any of our subsidiaries involving our directors, nominees for director, officers, affiliates or any owner of record or beneficial owners of more than 5% of our Common Shares or any of their respective associates, or in which any of these persons has a material interest adverse to us or any of our subsidiaries. We do not currently know of any legal proceedings that occurred during the past 10 years that are material to an evaluation of the ability or integrity of any of our executive officers, directors or nominees for director. On July 31, 2023, Ann Fandozzi informed the Company’s Board of her intention to resign from her position as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer due to a disagreement with the Company regarding her compensation as Chief Executive Officer, as discussed in the Company’s August 2, 2023 press release. The Board accepted her verbal resignation and interpreted her subsequent conduct as affirmation of her resignation. The Company advised Ms. Fandozzi that it was accepting her resignation effective immediately and waiving any written procedural notice requirements under the Employment Agreement by and between Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers (Canada) Ltd. and Ms. Fandozzi, dated December 14, 2019. Ms. Fandozzi disputes that she tendered her resignation. The parties have agreed to mediate the dispute, which began in January 2024 and may take months to resolve. On February 21, 2024, Ms. Fandozzi resigned from the Company's Board. Delinquent sectionSection 16(a) reportsReports Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act requires the Company’s directors, certain officers and persons who own 10% or more of our Common Shares to file reports of ownership and changes in ownership on Forms 3, 4 and 5 with the SEC. Based solely upon the Company’s review of SEC filings of such forms and written representations from such persons,directors, officers and owners, the Company believes that during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, due2023, all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to administrative error, Sarah Raiss filed one Form 4 report late relating to a DSU equivalent rights filing.such persons were timely satisfied. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND  RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS No executive officer, director, or employee or former executive officer, director or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, nor any proposed nominee for election as a director of the Company, nor any associate of any director, executive officer or proposed nominee, is, or at any time since January 1, 20222023 has been, indebted to the Company or any of its subsidiaries or indebted to another entity where the indebtedness is subject to a guarantee, support agreement, letter of credit or other similar arrangement or understanding provided by the Company or any of its subsidiaries either for a purchase of securities or otherwise, other than “routine indebtedness” as defined in Form 51-102F5 adopted by the Canadian Securities Administrators. In accordance with its charter, our Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing all related person transactions, including current or proposed transactions in which the Company was or is to be a participant, the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and a related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest. The Audit Committee does not currently have a written related party transaction policy but its practice is to consider relevant facts and circumstances in determining whether or not to approve or ratify such a transaction, such as: (i) the nature of the related person’s interest in the transaction; (ii) the terms of the transaction; (iii) the relative importance (or lack thereof) of the transaction to the Company; (iv) the materiality and character of the related person’s interest, including any actual or perceived conflicts of interest; and (v) any other matters the Audit Committee deems appropriate. Based on its consideration of all of the relevant facts and circumstances, the Audit Committee decides whether or not to approve such transactions and approves only those transactions that are deemed to be in the overall best interests of the Company. To identify any related person transaction, the Company requires each director and executive officer to complete a questionnaire each year requiring disclosure of any prior or proposed transaction with the Company in which the director, executive officer or any immediate family member might have an interest. In addition, pursuant to our Corporate Governance Guidelines, if any actual or potential conflict of interest arises for a director, the director is expected to promptly inform the Board Chair and the CEO. If a significant conflict exists and cannot be resolved, the director is expected to resign. All directors are expected to recuse themselves from any discussion or decision affecting their personal business or interests. 42  38 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 2024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents Other than as disclosed in this Proxy Statement, since January 1, 2022,2023, none of our directors, executive officers, nominees for director or beneficial owners of more than 5% of our Common Shares or any of their immediate family members was indebted to the Company or had a material interest in a transaction with the Company where the amount involved exceeded $120,000, nor are any such transactions currently proposed. Other than as disclosed in this Proxy Statement, none of the directors or officers of the Company, no director or officer of a body corporate that is itself an insider or a subsidiary of the Company, no person or company who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, voting securities of the Company or who exercised control or direction over voting securities of the Company or a combination of both carrying more than 10% of the voting rights attached to any class of outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote in connection with any matters being proposed for consideration at the Meeting, no proposed director or nominee for election as a director of the Company and no associate or affiliate of any of the foregoing has or had any material interest, direct or indirect, in any transaction or proposed transaction since January 1, 20222023 that has materially affected or would or could materially affect the Company or any of its subsidiaries. Other than as disclosed in this Proxy Statement, none of the directors or officers of the Company, no proposed nominee for election as a director of the Company, none of the persons who have been directors or officers of the Company at any time since January 1, 20222023 and no associate or affiliate of any of the foregoing has any material interest, direct or indirect, in any matter to be acted upon at the Meeting. Other than as disclosed in this Proxy Statement, none of the directors or officers of the Company, no proposed nominee for election as a director of the Company, and none of the persons who have been directors or officers of the Company at any time since January 1, 2022,2023, were appointed or selected pursuant to an arrangement or understanding between he or she and any other person. There are no family relationships (by blood, marriage, or adoption, not more remote than first cousin) between any director, executive officer, or person nominated or chosen by the Company to become a director or executive officer. Starboard strategic investmentStrategic Investment On January 22, 2023, the Company entered into thea Securities Purchase Agreement with certain affiliated funds of Starboard Value LP (collectively, “Starboard”) and, for certain purposes, Starboard Value LP and Jeffrey C. Smith, pursuant to which the Company sold to Starboard in a private placement (i) an aggregate of 485,000,000 Subordinate Voting Shares, which are convertible into our Common Shares, for an aggregate purchase price of $485.0 million, or $1.00 per Subordinate Voting Share, and (ii) an aggregate of 251,163 Common Shares, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $15.0 million, or $59.722 per Common Share. The Subordinate Voting Shares rank, with respect to rights as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Company, senior to all Common Shares. The closing of the Starboard investment occurred on February 1, 2023. During 2023, the Company paid aggregate dividends of $30,430,573.28 with respect to the Subordinate Voting Shares pursuant to their terms. As of the record date for the Meeting, the Subordinate Voting Shares represented 2,775,2526,775,252 Common Shares on an as-converted basis. Pursuant to the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement, Mr. Smith, who serves as Managing Member, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of Starboard Value LP, was appointed to the Board on March 14, 2023, and2023. Mr. Smith is being nominated again this year for election at the Meeting. As a condition to Mr. Smith’s initial appointment, Mr. Smith submitted an irrevocable resignation letter pursuant to which he will resign from the Board automatically and immediately if (A) Starboard fails to beneficially own in the aggregate at least 50.0% of the purchased shares (on an as-converted basis and subject to adjustment for share splits, reclassifications, combinations and similar adjustments) or (B) Starboard or Mr. Smith materially breaches certain provisions of the Securities Purchase Agreement. Starboard has agreed, until the later of (i) the earlier of (x) the date that is 30 days prior to the deadline for the submission of shareholder nominations for our 2024 annual meeting of shareholders pursuant to our organizational documents and (y) the date that is 100 days prior to the first anniversary of the Meeting and (ii) the date that Mr. Smith no longer serves on the Board (the “Standstill Period”), to customary standstill restrictions. Starboard has an option to extend the Standstill Period by one-year periods (the “Continuation Option”), which Continuation Option may be exercised no more than twice, subject to certain limitations. In the event that Starboard 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   43 Table of Contents exercises a Continuation Option, and subject to his consent to serve and the other requirements set forth in the Securities Purchase Agreement, we will take all necessary actions to nominate Mr. Smith for election as a director at our next annual meeting of shareholders. Holders of the Subordinate Voting Shares will be entitled to vote together with the holders of the Common Shares on an as-converted basis on all matters permitted by applicable law. Starboard has agreed that, during the Standstill Period, it will not vote any shares beneficially owned by it against (including through a “withhold” vote) any of the Company’s nominees for director, including any continuing director, or the Board’s recommendation with respect to any other management proposal or shareholder proposal or nomination presented at an annual or special meeting of shareholders. There are no restrictions, however, on Starboard’s ability to vote shares beneficially owned by it with respect to any extraordinary transaction that may be presented for shareholder approval during the Standstill Period or the election or removal of Mr. Smith. The Securities Purchase Agreement also includes a customary mutual non-disparagement provision, effective during the Standstill Period. In connection with the Starboard strategic investment, the Company and Starboard entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which the Company agreed to grant Starboard certain customary registration rights (under U.S. securities laws) with respect to the purchased shares and certain other securities that may be issued to Starboard in respect thereof, subject to specified limitations.   39 2024 Proxy Statement Summaries of the Securities Purchase Agreement, Registration Rights Agreement and terms of the Subordinate Voting Shares are included in the Company’s Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 23, 2023 and February 1, 2023. NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR COMPENSATION NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR COMPENSATION The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee periodically reviews the Company’s director compensation practices and recommends to the Board the form and amount of compensation and benefits for directors. For 2022,2023, the annual retainer paid to non-executive directors, other than the Board Chair, was $235,000. The annual retainer paid to the Board Chair was $345,000. The Chairs of the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and Integration Committee received an additional fee of $20,000, $15,000, $15,000 and $10,000,$15,000, respectively. Non-executive directors filing tax returns in jurisdictions outside of Canada are further entitled to reimbursement by the Company for expenses related to obtaining tax advice in connection with their engagement as a director of the Company, up to a maximum of $5,000 per calendar year. Effective January 1, 2021, 55% of the annual Board retainers paid to non-executive directors, including the annual fees paid to the Board Chair (but excluding fees for chairmanship of Board committees), are paid in the form of DSUs. Prior to that, since January 1, 2018, 50% of the annual Board retainers paid to non-executive directors, including the annual fees paid to the Board Chair (but excluding fees for chairmanship of Board committees), were paid in the form of DSUs. Executive directors receive no additional compensation for service on the Board. For a discussion of DSUs, see “Non-Executive Director Deferred Share Unit Plan” on page 46.43. None of the Company’s non-executive directors have been granted stock options since their appointment. The Company ceased granting stock options to non-executive directors in 2004, and the Company’s Policy Regarding the Granting of Equity-Based Compensation Awards (the “Stock Option Policy”) precludes any such issuance.   44  40 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 2024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents Non-executive director compensation tableDirector Compensation Table The table below sets out the compensation of the Company’s non-executive directors for the year ended December 31, 2022.2023. Ms. Fandozzi did not receive any compensation in 2023 in her capacity as a non-executive director. Non-Executive Director Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($)(1) Stock Awards ($)(2) All Other Compensation ($)(3) Total ($) Erik Olsson 155,250 198,727 26,784 380,761 Beverley Briscoe(5) 46,021 68,546 3,298,407 3,412,974 Adam DeWitt 105,750 135,366 4,160 245,276 Bob Elton 125,750 135,366 27,574 288,690 J. Kim Fennell(5) 46,021 68,546 838,024 952,591 Lisa Hook 115,917 124,451 1,177 241,545 Sarah Raiss 118,944 135,366 14,867 269,177 Mahesh Shah(6)(7) 71,675 57,289 342 129,306 Amy Guggenheim Shenkan(5) 49,354 68,546 838,024 955,924 Carol Stephenson(6) 71,675 57,289 342 129,306 Chris Zimmerman(7) 105,750 135,366 28,711 269,827 Non-Executive Director Fees Earned or Paid in Cash ($)1 Stock Awards ($)2 All Other Compensation ($)3 Total ($) Erik Olsson 155,250 186,907 67,520 409,677 Brian Bales5 82,837 66,965 373 150,175 Bill Breslin5 82,837 66,965 373 150,175 Adam DeWitt 118,653  127,222  12,635  258,510 Robert Elton 126,122 127,222 62,501 315,845 Lisa Hook6 60,375 96,851 4,179 161,405 Timothy O’Day5 82,837 66,965 373 150,175 Sarah Raiss 114,406 127,222 35,420 277,048 Mahesh Shah7 52,222 – 990 53,212 Michael Sieger5 84,813 66,965 373 152,151 Jeffrey Smith8 84,600 69,112 365 154,077 Carol Stephenson 112,766 127,222 3,866 243,854 Chris Zimmerman7 23,500 – 7,758 31,258 (1) 1. Represents total fees earned or paid in cash for service on the Board, including annual Board retainer, and the annual fee paid to the Board Chair and to the Committee Chairs. (2) 2. The dollar amounts represent the grant date fair value of DSUs granted in 2022,2023, calculated in accordance with ASC 718, utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2(f)2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022,2023, without taking into account estimated forfeitures. The number of DSUs granted and the fair value on each grant date calculated in accordance with ASC 718 are as follows:     March 7, 2022(4)    May 16, 2022    August 15, 2022    November 14, 2022      Non-Executive Director   Fair Value ($)   DSUs (#)   Fair Value ($)   DSUs (#)   Fair Value ($)   DSUs (#)   Fair Value ($)   DSUs (#)   DSUs held as at December 31, 2022 Erik Olsson   48,072   847   52,559   846   48,432   681   49,664   887   27,431 Beverley Briscoe   32,745   577   35,801   576   —   —-   —   —   — Adam DeWitt   32,745   577   35,801   577   32,991   464   33,829   604   4,995 Bob Elton   32,745   577   35,801   577   32,991   464   33,829   604   27,752 J. Kim Fennell   32,745   577   35,801   576   —   —   —   —   — Lisa Hook   21,830   384   35,801   577   32,991   464   33,829   604   2,049 Sarah Raiss   32,745   577   35,801   577   32,991   464   33,829   604   15,401 Mahesh Shah   —   —   —   —   23,460   330   33,829   604   940 Amy Guggenheim Shenkan   32,745   577   35,801   576   —   —-   —   —   — Carol Stephenson   —   —   —   —   23,460   330   33,829   604   940 Chris Zimmerman   32,745   577   35,801   577   32,991   464   33,829   604   28,858   March 6, 20234 May 15, 2023 August 14, 2023 November 14, 2023   Non-Executive Director Fair Value ($) DSUs(#) Fair Value ($) DSUs(#) Fair Value ($) DSUs(#) Fair Value ($) DSUs(#) DSUs held as of December 31, 2023 Erik Olsson 47,431 767 47,420 839 47,432 771 44,624 742 31,609 Brian Bales — — 4,296 76 32,298 525 30,371 505 1,111 Bill Breslin — — 4,296 76 32,298 525 30,371 505 1,111 Adam DeWitt 32,280 522 32,273 571 32,298 525 30,371 505 7,330 Robert Elton 32,280 522 32,273 571 32,298 525 30,371 505 30,933 Lisa Hook 32,280 522 32,273 571 32,298 525 — — 3,772 Timothy O’Day — — 4,296 76 32,298 525 30,371 505 1,111 Sarah Raiss 32,280 522 32,273 571 32,298 525 30,371 505 18,121 Mahesh Shah — — — — — — — — — Michael Sieger — — 4,296 76 32,298 525 30,371 505 1,111 Jeffrey Smith — — 6,443 114 32,298 525 30,371 505 1,149 Carol Stephenson 32,280 522 32,273 571 32,298 525 30,371 505 3,127 Chris Zimmerman — — — — — — — — — (3) 3. All other compensation includes the value of additional DSUs credited to non-executive directors during 20222023 corresponding to dividends declared and paid by the Company on Common Shares during 20222023 and reimbursement of expenses for tax advice. The value of such dividend equivalent DSUs was calculated by multiplying the number of such additional DSUs credited by the fair market value of a Common Share on the date the dividend was paid. For Ms. Briscoe, Mr. Fennell and Ms. Shenkan, it also includes cash received upon final settlement of outstanding and accumulated DSUs upon their departure from the Board. (4) 4. DSUs are awarded quarterly in arrears. The DSU grants are based on the 20222023 compensation practices detailed above. For a discussion of DSUs, see “Non-Executive Director Deferred Share Unit Plan” on page 46.43. (5) 5. Appointed a director on March 19, 2023. 6. Ceased to be a director on April 27, 2022.July 12, 2023. (6) 7. Resigned on March 19, 2023. 8. Appointed a director on April 27, 2022. (7) Ceased to be a director on March 20,14, 2023.   2023 PROXY STATEMENT41   452024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents Ownership guidelinesGuidelines In January 2012, the Board adopted share ownership guidelines for the non-executive directors of the Company. The Board believes that share ownership aligns the interests of its directors with the interests of the Company’s shareholders, promotes sound corporate governance and demonstrates a commitment to the Company. Effective January 2018, the Board amended its share ownership guidelines for the non-executive directors of the Company to require non-executive directors to hold Common Shares and/or DSUs with a combined value of not less than five times the cash portion of the annual fixed retainer paid to such directors. Since DSUs must be held until the director retires and as the value of DSUs increases or decreases in lock-step with the price of the Common Shares, DSUs reflect a philosophy of aligning the interests of the directors with the long-term interests of shareholders by tying compensation to share price performance. The following table sets out the applicable equity ownership guideline and equity ownership for each incumbent non-executive director. It is anticipated that new directors, including Messrs. Bales, Breslin, O’Day, Sieger and Smith, will meet their share ownership requirements within five years from the date of appointment.     Equity Ownership Guideline                  Non-Executive Director   Multiple of Retainer   Amount of Retainer ($)   Total Value of Equity Ownership Required ($)   Common Shares(1) (#)   DSUs(2) (#)   Total Value of Equity Ownership(3) ($)   Meets Share Ownership Requirement(4) Erik Olsson   5x   155,250   776,250   —   28,867   1,618,573   Yes Adam DeWitt   5x   105,750   528,750   —   5,646   316,571   No(5) Robert Elton   5x   125,750   628,750   —   28,946   1,623,002   Yes Lisa Hook   5x   115,917   579,583   —   2,630   147,464   No(6) Sarah Raiss   5x   118,944   594,722   —   16,300   913,941   Yes Carol Stephenson   5x   71,675   358,375   —   1,495   83,825   No(7)   Equity Ownership Guideline                     Non-Executive Director Multiple of Retainer Amount of Retainer ($) Total Value of Equity Ownership Required ($) Common Shares1 (#) DSUs2 (#)   Total Value of Equity Ownership3 ($) Meets Share Ownership Requirement4 Erik Olsson 5x 155,250 776,250 4,000 32,271 2,723,972 Yes Brian Bales 5x 82,837 414,187 6,258 1,562     587,290 Yes Bill Breslin 5x 82,837 414,187 6,795 1,562     627,618 Yes Adam DeWitt 5x 118,653 593,266 4,000 7,781     884,761 Yes Robert Elton 5x 126,122 630,612 1,471 31,384  2,467,418 Yes Timothy O’Day 5x 82,837 414,187 1,500 1,562     229,964 No5 Sarah Raiss 5x 114,406 572,030 1,410 18,572  1,500,656 Yes Michael Sieger 5x 84,813 424,067 3,036 1,562     345,317 No5 Jeffrey Smith 5x 84,600 423,000 – 1,600      120,168 No5 Carol Stephenson 5x 112,766 563,831 4,320 3,578     593,147 Yes (1)1. Represents the number of Common Shares held as of April 5, 2023.March 18, 2024. (2)2. Represents the number of DSUs and dividend equivalents credited to each non-executive director held as of April 5, 2023.March 18, 2024. (3)3. The total value of equity ownership is based on the closing price of the Common Shares on the NYSE on April 5, 2023,March 18, 2024, of $56.07 $75.10and includes the value of both Common Shares and DSUs. (4)4. The share ownership guidelines were implemented in January 2012 and updated in December 2017.effective January 2018. (5)5. Mr. DeWitt joined the Board in May 2020 andIt is anticipated tothat new directors, including Messrs. O’Day, Sieger and Smith, will meet the equitytheir share ownership guidelinerequirements by May 2025.March 2028.   (6)42 Ms. Hook joined the Board in November 2021 and is anticipated to meet the equity ownership guideline by November 2026.2024 Proxy Statement (7) Ms. Stephenson joined the Board in April 2022 and is anticipated to meet the equity ownership guideline by April 2027. Non-executive director deferred share unit planDirector Deferred Share Unit Plan In 2020, the Board approved amendments to the DSU Plan pursuant to which, in respect of calendar years commencing on or after January 1, 2021, 55% of the annual Board retainer paid to non-executive directors, including the annual fee paid to the Board Chair, will be paid in the form of DSUs regardless of a director’s current level of share ownership or whether a non-executive director had satisfied share ownership guidelines. Prior to January 1, 2021, 50% of the annual Board retainer paid to non-executive directors, including the annual fee paid to the Board Chair, was paid in the form of DSUs regardless of a director’s current level of share ownership or whether a non-executive director had satisfied share ownership guidelines. Prior to January 1, 2018, a non-executive director on each quarterly date on which the annual Board retainer for the prior completed calendar quarter was payable could elect to receive a cash payment only if the share ownership guidelines were met. 46 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents The annual Board retainer which is payable in the form of DSUs as contemplated in the plan is payable, calculated and credited quarterly in arrears as follows: • The number of DSUs credited to a director is calculated by dividing the dollar amount of the portion of the Board retainer to be paid in the form of DSUs by the fair market value of a Common Share on the date the DSUs are credited, being the volume weighted average price of the Common Shares reported by the NYSE for the immediately preceding twenty trading days. • DSUs are credited on the 65th day (or the next business day if the 65th day is not a business day) after the end of the quarter in relation to the portion of the annual Board retainer payable for any fourth calendar quarter and DSUs are credited on the 45th day (or next business day if the 45th day is not a business day) after the end of the quarter in relation to the portion of the annual Board retainer payable for any other calendar quarter. Although DSUs vest immediately upon being granted under the DSU Plan, no amount is payable to the non-executive director holding the DSUs until the director ceases to be a director, following which the director will be entitled to receive a lump sum cash payment, net of any applicable withholdings, equal to the number of DSUs held multiplied by the fair market value of one Common Share (determined as described above) as of the 24th business day after the first publication of the Company’s interim or annual financial statements and management’s discussion and analysis for the fiscal quarter of the Company next ending following the director ceasing to hold office. Additional DSUs are credited under the DSU Plan corresponding to dividends declared on the Common Shares. DSUs are considered equivalent to Common Shares for purposes of determining whether a director is complying with or satisfying share ownership guidelines.   2023 PROXY STATEMENT43   472024 Proxy Statement Table of ContentsPROPOSAL TWO: RE-APPOINTMENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP PROPOSAL TWO: APPOINTMENT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLPOverview Overview We are asking our shareholders to appointre-appoint Ernst & Young LLP (United States) as our auditor until the next annual meeting of the Company and that the Audit Committee be authorized to fix their remuneration. Ernst & Young LLP (Canada) previously audited our financial statements from 2013 through the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022. In 2023, Ernst & Young LLP (Canada) elected not to stand for re-appointment due to the relocation of our principal executive offices from Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada to Westchester, Illinois, United States. DuringThe reports of Ernst & Young LLP (Canada) on our financial statements for the two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, Ernst & Young LLP’s (Canada) reports on our financial statements did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles. In connection with its audits for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2022 and up to April 5, 2023, there were (1) no disagreements with Ernst & Young LLP (Canada) on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of Ernst & Young LLP (Canada), would have caused it to make a reference to the subject matter of the disagreements in connection with its report, and (2) there were no reportable events as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act. The Audit Committee is satisfied that Ernst & Young LLP (United States) meetswas appointed as our independent registered public accounting firm by our shareholders at our 2023 annual general and special meeting. The affirmative vote of a majority of votes cast by shareholders present or represented by proxy at the relevant independence requirements andMeeting is free from conflicts of interest that could impair their objectivity in conducting an audit ofrequired for the Company. To the Company’s knowledge, representativesre-appointment of Ernst & Young LLP (United States) andas our independent registered public accounting firm. For purposes of this proposal, abstentions will not be counted as votes cast in determining the number of votes necessary for the re-appointment of Ernst & Young LLP (United States) as our independent registered public accounting firm. Fees Billed by Independent Auditors The fees billed to us by Ernst & Young LLP (United States), our independent auditor for the year ended December 31, 2023, and by Ernst & Young LLP (Canada), our independent auditor for the year ended December 31, 2022, are expectedset forth in the following table. All services and fees, including tax service fees, were pre-approved by the Audit Committee. Item Year Ended December 31 20235 20225 Audit Fees1 $4,337,333 $2,854,433 Audit-Related Fees2 $24,074 — Tax Fees3 $422,506 $77,995 All Other Fees4 $155,200 — Total $4,939,113 $2,932,428 1. “Audit Fees” represent fees including out-of-pocket expenses billed for the audit of our annual financial statements and review of our quarterly financial statements and for services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements, including accounting consultations, comfort letters, consents, and assistance with and review of documents filed with the SEC. In 2023, this would include the audit of the IAA acquisition and other material events and transactions. 2. “Audit-Related Fees” represent fees billed for services reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of the registrant’s financial statements and are not reported under audit fees, and in 2023 included an agreed-upon procedures report for a local government grant. 3. “Tax Fees” represent fees billed for tax compliance services and advisory work relating to areas of complexity in income taxes including those relating to 2023 transactions and actual or proposed legislative changes. 4. “All Other Fees” represent fees for services other than the services reported in audit fees, audit-related fees and tax fees, which in the current year is for a cybersecurity assessment. 5. Any amounts billed in Canadian dollars or other foreign currencies are translated to U.S. dollars at the applicable exchange rate. Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures The Audit Committee Charter provides that the Audit Committee is responsible for the selection, appointment, and retention of the independent auditor, subject to annual shareholder approval, and evaluation and, where appropriate, replacement of the independent auditor. In addition, the Audit Committee approves compensation of the independent auditor. The Audit Committee also has responsibility for pre-approving the retention of the independent auditor for all audit and non-audit services the independent auditor is permitted to provide the Company and approve the fees for such services, other than any de minimis non-audit services allowed by applicable law or regulation. The Audit Committee is required to pre-approve all    44 2024 Proxy Statement non-audit related services performed by the auditors. The Audit Committee’s pre-approval policy outlines the procedures and the conditions pursuant to which permissible services proposed to be present atperformed by the Meeting. They will haveauditors are pre-approved, provides a general pre-approval for certain permissible services and outlines a list of prohibited services. For 2022 and 2023, all of the services related to amounts billed by the Company’s external accountants were pre-approved by the Audit Committee. Recommendation of the Board   The Board recommends a vote “FOR” the re-appointment of Ernst & Young LLP (United States) as the Company’s auditor until the next annual meeting of the Company and the authorization of the Audit Committee of the Board to fix the auditor’s remuneration. Report of the Audit Committee To the Shareholders of RB Global, Inc.: The Audit Committee reviewed and discussed with management and the Company’s independent auditors the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The Audit Committee has discussed with the independent registered public accountants the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) and the SEC and considered the compatibility of non-audit services with the auditors’ independence. In addition, the Audit Committee discussed the matters required to be discussed by the Auditing Standard No. 1301. The Audit Committee also has received the written disclosures and the letter from the independent accountant required by applicable requirements of the PCAOB regarding the independent accountant’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence and has also discussed with the independent accountant the accountant’s independence. Based on the review and discussions, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the audited financial statements be included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 for filing with the SEC. Audit Committee of the Board Adam DeWitt, Chair Robert Elton Sarah Raiss Bill Breslin PROPOSAL THREE: NON-BINDING, ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Overview The Board of Directors believes that the Company’s operating success and shareholder value depend on the Company’s leadership. Accordingly, our executive compensation program is designed to provide a competitive level of compensation necessary to: • attract and retain the talent needed to lead a strategic transformation to grow the Company’s business; • incent executives and key employees to achieve the Company’s goals, including long-term earnings growth and sustained value creation; and • create commonality of interests among management, the Company’s shareholders and other stakeholders.   45 2024 Proxy Statement In accordance with Section 14A of the Exchange Act and Section 951 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the following resolution, commonly known as a “Say on Pay” proposal, gives our shareholders the opportunity to vote to approve or not approve, on a non-binding, advisory basis, the compensation of our Named Executive Officers (“NEOs”). This vote is not intended to address any specific item of compensation, but rather the overall compensation of our NEOs and our compensation philosophy, policies and practices, as disclosed in the “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” beginning on page 54. Shareholders are currently given an opportunity to makecast an advisory vote on this topic annually, with the next shareholder advisory vote after the Meeting expected to occur at the 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. While this vote is advisory in nature and therefore not binding on us, or our directors, we value the opinions of all our shareholders and will carefully consider the outcome of this vote when making future compensation decisions for our NEOs. We encourage our shareholders to read the “Compensation Discussion and Analysis”, which explains specifically how, what and why we pay our executives, and will equip shareholders to cast an informed vote. Our Board believes that our compensation program appropriately links executive pay to achievement of corporate goals, properly aligns management and shareholder interests, and is fair, reasonable and competitive relative to market practice. We therefore recommend that shareholders vote in favor of the following resolution: “RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Named Executive Officers, as disclosed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the Executive Compensation Tables and the accompanying narrative discussion in the proxy statement of the Company, dated          , 2024, is hereby approved.” Recommendation of the Board   The Board recommends a vote “FOR” the adoption of the above resolution indicating approval of the compensation of the Company’s NEOs. PROPOSAL FOUR: APPROVAL OF THE COMPANY’S CONTINUATION FROM A CORPORATION ORGANIZED UNDER THE CANADA BUSINESS CORPORATIONS ACT TO A CORPORATION ORGANIZED UNDER THE BUSINESS CORPORATIONS ACT (ONTARIO) Overview The Company is currently incorporated under the CBCA. The Board proposes to continue the Company to the jurisdiction of Ontario under the OBCA (the “Continuance”). At the Meeting, the Company’s shareholders will be asked to consider and, if deemed advisable, pass, with or without variation, a statement if they so desirespecial resolution to approve the Continuance (the “Continuance Resolution”). Under the CBCA, at least 25% of the directors of the Company must be resident Canadians (the “Director Residency Requirement”). The OBCA does not impose a Director Residency Requirement. Given the Company’s increasingly global activities and in order to provide the Company with the flexibility to attract and nominate the most suitable candidates for directors from a global talent pool, the Board believes that it is in the Company’s best interest to continue into Ontario. Upon completion of the Continuance, the Company’s existing articles and by-laws (the “Current Articles and By-Laws”) will be replaced with articles of continuance (the “Proposed Articles”) and new by-laws (the “Proposed By-Laws” and, together with the Proposed Articles, the “Proposed Articles and By-Laws”) under the OBCA. The Proposed Articles will be substantially in the form attached as Appendix B to this Proxy Statement and the Proposed By-Laws will be substantially in the form attached as Appendix C to this Proxy Statement. The Proposed Articles and By-Laws are substantially similar to the Current Articles and By-laws with certain changes made to reflect the provisions of the OBCA.   46 2024 Proxy Statement The Current Articles and By-laws are available on the Company’s website and SEDAR+. Upon the approval and completion of the Continuance, the Proposed Articles and By-Laws will be available on the Company’s website and SEDAR+. The Continuance will affect certain rights of shareholders as they currently exist under the CBCA. Shareholders should consult their legal advisers regarding the implications of the Continuance that may be of particular importance to respondthem. For more information, see “Comparison of CBCA and OBCA” on page 48. Continuance Process In order to appropriate questions.effect the Continuance: 1. the Company must obtain the approval of the holders of Common Shares and holders of Subordinate Voting Shares, voting together as a class, of the Continuance by way of the Continuance Resolution. The Continuance Resolution must be approved by not less than two-thirds of the votes cast in respect of the Continuance Resolution by the holders of Common Shares and holders of Subordinate Voting Shares in person or by proxy at the Meeting; 2. the Company must make a written application to the Director under the CBCA (the “CBCA Director”) for consent to continue under the OBCA. The application must satisfy the CBCA Director that the Continuance will not adversely affect the Company’s shareholders or creditors; 3. once the Continuance Resolution is passed and the Company has obtained the consent of the CBCA Director, the Company must apply to the Director under the OBCA (the “OBCA Director”) for a certificate of continuance (the “Certificate of Continuance”); 4. on the date shown on the Certificate of Continuance, the Company will become a company organized under the OBCA as if it had been incorporated under the OBCA; and 5. the Company must file a copy of the Certificate of Continuance with the CBCA Director and receive a certificate of discontinuance under the CBCA (the “Certificate of Discontinuance”). Effect of Continuance Upon receipt of the Certificate of Continuance, the Company will become subject to the OBCA as if it had been incorporated under the OBCA. Upon receipt of the Certificate of Discontinuance, the CBCA will cease to apply to the Company, thereby completing the Continuance. The Continuance will not create a new legal entity, affect the continuity of the Company or result in a change in its business. However, the Continuance will affect certain rights of shareholders as they currently exist under the CBCA and the Current Articles and By-Laws. See “Comparison of CBCA and OBCA” on page 48 for a summary of some of the key differences in corporate law between the CBCA and OBCA. The OBCA provides that when a foreign corporation continues into Ontario under the OBCA: 1. the corporation possesses all property, rights, privileges and franchises and is subject to all the liabilities, including civil, criminal and quasi-criminal, and all contracts, disabilities and debts of the foreign corporation; 2. a conviction against, or ruling, order or judgment in favor of or against, the foreign corporation may be enforced against the corporation; and 3. the corporation shall be deemed to be the party plaintiff or the party defendant, as the case may be, in any civil action commenced by or against the foreign corporation. The Continuance will not affect the Company’s status as a TSX- or NYSE-listed company, nor as a reporting issuer under the securities legislation of any jurisdiction in Canada or as a registrant in the United States and the Company will remain subject to their respective requirements. As of the effective date of the Continuance, the Company’s existing constating documents—the Current Articles and By-Laws under the CBCA—will be replaced with the Proposed Articles and By-laws under the OBCA, the legal domicile of the Company will be Ontario and the Company will no longer be subject to the provisions of the CBCA.   47 2024 Proxy Statement Majority Voting Policy The Board had repealed the Company’s majority voting policy in 2023 after determining that certain CBCA amendments that were introduced in 2022 had made the Company’s majority voting policy redundant. However, if the Continuance is approved by the Company shareholders, the Company intends to re-adopt its majority voting policy that will apply to any uncontested election of directors. Pursuant to this policy, any nominee for director who receives a greater number of votes marked “WITHHOLD” than votes “FOR” at such election will promptly tender his or her resignation to the Board Chair following the Meeting. The Board’s Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee would consider the offer of resignation and make a recommendation to the Board whether to accept it. In making its recommendation with respect to a director’s resignation, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee would consider, in the best interests of the Company, the action to be taken with respect to such offered resignation. The recommended action may include (i) accepting the resignation; (ii) recommending that the director continue on the Board but addressing what the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes to be the underlying reasons why shareholders “withheld” votes for election from such director; or (iii) rejecting the resignation. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee would be expected to recommend that the Board accept the resignation except in extenuating circumstances. The Board will consider the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee’s recommendation within 90 days following the Company’s annual meeting, and in considering such recommendation, the Board will consider the factors taken into account by the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and such additional information and factors that the Board considers to be relevant. The Board will promptly disclose its decision by a press release, such press release to include the reasons for rejecting the resignation, if applicable. A director who tenders his or her resignation pursuant to the majority voting policy will not be permitted to participate in any meeting of the Board or the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee at which the resignation is considered. If the resignation is accepted, subject to applicable law, the Board may leave the resultant vacancy unfilled until the next annual general meeting, fill the vacancy through the appointment of a new director whom the Board considers to merit the confidence of the shareholders, or call a special meeting of shareholders at which there will be presented one or more nominees to fill any vacancy or vacancies. Comparison of CBCA and OBCA Upon completion of the Continuance, the Company will be governed by the OBCA. The provisions of the OBCA dealing with shareholder rights and protections are substantially the same as those contained in the CBCA. The Company shareholders will not lose or gain any significant rights or protections as a result of the Continuance, but there are certain differences between the two statutes and the regulations thereunder. Shareholders should consult their legal advisers regarding the implications of the Continuance that may be of particular importance to them. The following is a summary comparison of certain provisions of the CBCA and the OBCA. This summary is not intended to be exhaustive and is qualified in its entirety by the full provisions of the CBCA and OBCA, as applicable. Charter Documents There are no significant differences between the CBCA and the OBCA with respect to the charter documents for companies governed by those statutes. A copy of the Proposed Articles and By-Laws under the OBCA are attached as Appendix B and C to this Proxy Statement, respectively. Shareholder Proposals Both statutes provide for shareholder proposals. Under the OBCA, proposals may be submitted by both registered shareholders who are entitled to vote at a meeting of shareholders and beneficial shareholders whose shares are entitled to be voted at a meeting of shareholders. Under the CBCA, a registered of beneficial holder of shares entitled to be voted at a meeting of shareholders may (i) submit notice of a proposal to the corporation, and (ii) discuss at the meeting any matter in respect of which such shareholder would have been entitled to submit a proposal. The registered or beneficial shareholder must either: (i) have owned for at least six months not less than 1% of the total number of voting shares or voting shares with a fair market value of at least $2,000, or (ii) have the support of persons who, in the aggregate, have owned for at least six months not less than 1% of the total number of voting shares or voting shares with a fair market value of at least $2,000.   48 2024 Proxy Statement Each statute contains certain requirements with respect to, among other things, the content, timing and delivery of proposals. Moreover, each statute includes provisions which allow a corporation to refuse to process a proposal in similar circumstances. Shareholder Requisitions Both statutes provide that holders of not less than 5% of the outstanding voting shares of the corporation may requisition a meeting of shareholders, and permit the requisitioning registered shareholder to call the meeting where the board of directors of the corporation does not do so within the 21 days following the corporation’s receipt of the shareholder meeting requisition. Rights of Dissent and Appraisal The OBCA provides that shareholders, including beneficial holders, who dissent to certain actions being taken by a corporation may exercise a right of dissent and require the corporation to purchase the shares held by such shareholder at the fair value of such shares. The dissent right is available to shareholders, whether or not their shares carry the right to vote, where the corporation proposes to: 1. amend its articles to add, remove or change any provisions restricting or constraining the issue, transfer or ownership of shares of that class; 2. amend its articles to add, remove or change any restriction upon the business or businesses that the corporation may carry on; 3. amalgamate with another corporation (other than for vertical or horizontal short-form amalgamations); 4. be continued under the laws of another jurisdiction; 5. sell, lease or exchange all or substantially all its property; or 6. carry out a going-private transaction. The CBCA contains a similar dissent remedy, provided however, that in addition to the foregoing, the CBCA expressly provides for dissent rights with respect to a squeeze-out transaction. For a summary of the purposesdissent provisions of complyingthe CBCA, see “Rights of Dissent in Respect of the Continuance Resolution” on page 52. The full text of Section 190 of the CBCA is set forth on Appendix D to this Proxy Statement. Under the CBCA and OBCA, the dissenting shareholder must generally send notice of dissent at or before the resolution being passed. Oppression Remedy Under both the CBCA and the OBCA, a shareholder, beneficial shareholder, former shareholder or beneficial shareholder, director, former director, officer or former officer of a corporation or any of its affiliates, or any other person who, in the discretion of a court, is a proper person to seek an oppression remedy, and in the case of an offering corporation under the OBCA, the Ontario Securities Commission, may apply to a court for an order to rectify the matters complained of where, in respect of a corporation or any of its affiliates, any act or omission of a corporation or its affiliates effects a result, the business or affairs of a corporation or its affiliates are or have been exercised in a manner that is oppressive or unfairly prejudicial to, or that unfairly disregards the interest of, any security holder, creditor, director or officer of the corporation. The OBCA allows a court to grant relief where a prejudicial effect to the shareholder is merely threatened, whereas the CBCA only allows a court to grant relief if the effect actually exists (that is, it must be more than merely threatened). Under the CBCA, such remedy is also available to the CBCA Director appointed under Section 260 of the CBCA. Shareholder Derivative Actions A broad right to bring a derivative action is contained in each of the CBCA and the OBCA. This right extends to officers, former shareholders, directors or officers of a corporation or its affiliates, and any person who, in the discretion of the court, is a proper person to make an application to court to bring a derivative action. Both statutes permit derivative actions to be commenced in the name and on behalf of a corporation or any of its subsidiaries. Under the CBCA and OBCA, it is a condition precedent to a complainant bringing a derivative action that the complainant has given at least 14 days’ notice to the directors of the corporation of the complainant’s intention to make an application to the court to bring such a derivative action. However, under the OBCA, a complainant is not required to give notice to the directors of the corporation of the complainant’s intention to make an application to the court to bring a derivative action if all of the directors of the corporation are defendants in the action. Under the CBCA, the CBCA Director appointed under Section 260 of the CBCA may also commence a derivative action.   49 2024 Proxy Statement Residency Requirement for Directors The OBCA does not have a residency requirement. Under the CBCA, at least one-quarter of the directors of a corporation must be resident Canadians, unless the corporation has less than four directors, in which case at least one director must be a resident Canadian. Subject to certain exceptions, an individual must be a Canadian citizen or permanent resident ordinarily resident in Canada to be considered a resident Canadian under the CBCA. Independent Directors Under the OBCA, at least one-third of the members of the board of directors of a corporation must not be officers or employees of the corporation or its affiliates. Under the CBCA, at least two of a corporation’s directors must not be officers or employees of the corporation or its affiliates. The Company is also subject to applicable securities law and stock exchange requirements with respect to director independence. These requirements will not change as a result of the Continuance. Notice-and-Access Both statutes permit the use of the notice-and-access delivery system (“Notice-and-Access”) under National Instrument 51-102 — Continuous Disclosure Obligations and National Instrument 54-101 — Communication with Beneficial Owners of Securities of Reporting Issuer. There are no requirements under the OBCA for a corporation to obtain exemptive relief in order to use Notice-and-Access. In order to use Notice-and-Access under the CBCA, a corporation must seek exemptive relief from the CBCA Director under Sections 151(1) and 156 of the Canadian Securities Administrators,CBCA, which exempt a corporation from the requirement to send a proxy circular to shareholders, duties related to intermediaries and for complying with the requirementsrequirement to send annual financial statements to shareholders in order to use Notice-and-Access. Place of Schedule 14A, a copyMeetings Under the OBCA, subject to the articles of the Company’s 8-Kcorporation and any unanimous shareholders agreement, a shareholders’ meeting may be held in or outside Ontario (including outside Canada) as determined by the directors, or in the absence of such a determination, at the place where the registered office of the corporation is located. Subject to certain exceptions, the CBCA provides that meetings of shareholders shall be held at the place within Canada provided in the by-laws or, in the absence of such provision, at the place within Canada that the directors determine. A meeting may be held outside Canada if the place is specified in the articles or all the shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting agree that the meeting is to be held at that place. Virtual or hybrid shareholder meetings, which are comprised of both an in-person and virtual element, are permitted under both the OBCA and CBCA, unless the articles or by-laws of a corporation state otherwise. Constitutional Jurisdiction Other significant differences in the statutes arise from the differences in the constitutional jurisdiction of the federal and provincial governments. For example, a CBCA corporation has the capacity to carry on business throughout Canada as a right. An OBCA company is only allowed to carry on business in another province where that other province allows it to register to do so. A CBCA corporation is subject to provincial laws of general application, but a province cannot pass laws directed specifically at restricting a CBCA corporation’s ability to carry on business in that province. If another province so chooses, however, it can restrict an OBCA company’s ability to carry on business within that province. Further, a CBCA corporation will not have to change its name if it wants to do business in a province where there is already a corporation with respecta similar name; in comparison, an OBCA company may not be allowed to use its name in that other province if that name, or a similar one, is already in use. Registered Office Under the changeOBCA, a corporation’s registered office must be situated in Ontario and may be relocated to a different municipality within Ontario by special resolution of auditorthe shareholders or relocated within the same municipality by resolution of the directors. Under the CBCA, a corporation’s registered office must be in the province specified in the articles and may be relocated to a different province by special resolution of the shareholders or relocated within the same province by resolution of the directors.   50 2024 Proxy Statement Short Selling Under the CBCA, insiders of a corporation are prohibited from short selling any securities of the corporation unless the insider selling the securities owns or has fully paid for the securities being sold. The OBCA does not contain a similar prohibition. “De-Clawing” Preferred Shares In September 2014, the Board resolved that it will not, without prior shareholder approval, issue any series of preferred shares for defensive or anti-takeover purposes, for purpose of implementing any shareholder rights plan or with features specifically and primarily intended to make any attempted acquisition of the Company more difficult. This resolution by the Board will remain in place should the Continuance be approved by the Company’s shareholders at the Meeting. Recommendation of the Board The text of the Continuance Resolution is set forth below: “BE IT RESOLVED, as a special resolution of the shareholders of the Company, that: 1. the continuance of RB Global, Inc. (the “Company”), a corporation existing under the laws of Canada, to the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) (“OBCA”) pursuant to Section 188 of the Canada Business Corporations Act (“CBCA”) and Section 180 of the OBCA, is hereby authorized and approved and the Company is hereby authorized to apply to the Director under the OBCA (“Director”) for authorization to be continued as if it had been constituted under the OBCA and to continue is existence under the OBCA (the “Continuance”) on such date as the directors of the Company may determine; 2. the form of articles of continuance, the full text of which is attached as Appendix B to the Company’s proxy statement dated March 25, 2024 (the “Proxy Statement”) is hereby approved and the Company is hereby authorized to file the articles of continuance with the Director together with any notices and other documents prescribed by the OBCA necessary to continue the Company as it if had been incorporated under the laws of the Province of Ontario; 3. subject to the Continuance becoming effective and without affecting the validity of any act of the Company under its existing by-laws (the “Existing By-Laws”), the Existing By-Laws are hereby repealed and replaced with the new By-Law No. 2 of the Company (the “Proposed By-Laws”), the full text of which is attached as Appendix C to the Proxy Statement, together with such changes or amendments thereto as any director or officer of the Company determines appropriate, the conclusive evidence of such determination being the execution of the Proposed By-Laws by a director or officer of the Company; 4. notwithstanding the approval of this special resolution by the holders of Common Shares of the Company and the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares of the Company, the board of directors of the Company, in its sole discretion and without further notice to or approval of the holders of Common Shares of the Company and the holders of Subordinate Voting Shares of the Company, may decide not to proceed with the Continuance or otherwise give effect to this special resolution, at any time before the Continuance becomes effective; and 5. any one director or officer of the Company be and is hereby authorized and directed for and in the name of and on behalf of the Company, to execute or cause to be executed and to deliver or cause to be delivered all such documents and instruments, and to do or cause to be done all such acts and things, as in the opinion of such director or officer may be necessary or desirable in order to carry out the terms of this special resolution and the matters authorized hereby including, without limitation, the execution and filing of the documents and forms prescribed by or contemplated under the CBCA and OBCA, such determination to be conclusively evidenced by the execution and delivery of such documents and instruments or the doing of any such act or things.” The Board recommends a vote “FOR” the special resolution approving the Continuance.   51 2024 Proxy Statement Rights of Dissent in Respect of the Continuance Resolution The following description of rights of shareholders to dissent in respect of the Continuance Resolution is not a comprehensive statement of the procedures to be followed by a dissenting shareholder who seeks payment of the fair value of its shares and is qualified in its entirety by the reference to the full text of Section 190 of the CBCA, which is attached as Appendix D to this Proxy Statement. A dissenting shareholder who intends to exercise the right of dissent should carefully consider and comply with the provisions of Section 190 of the CBCA and should seek independent legal advice. Failure to comply strictly with the provisions of the CBCA and to adhere to the procedures established therein may result in the loss of all rights thereunder. Pursuant to Section 190 of the CBCA, a registered shareholder is entitled, in addition to any other right that the registered shareholder may have, to dissent in respect of the Continuance Resolution and, if the Continuance Resolution is adopted, to be paid by the Company the fair value of the shares in respect of which that registered shareholder dissents. “Fair value” is determined as of the close of business on the last business day before the day on which the Continuance Resolution is adopted. Pursuant to the CBCA, there is no right of partial dissent. Accordingly, a registered shareholder may only dissent with respect to all shares held on behalf of any one beneficial shareholder and registered in the name of such registered shareholder. Beneficial shareholders of shares registered in the name of a broker, custodian, nominee or other intermediary who wish to dissent should be aware only registered shareholders are entitled to dissent. Accordingly, beneficial shareholders desiring to exercise a right of dissent to the Continuance Resolution should contact their brokers, custodians, nominees or other intermediary for advice well in advance of the date of the Meeting to make arrangements for Common Shares beneficially owned by such beneficial shareholder to be registered in the beneficial shareholder’s name prior to the time the written objection to the Continuance Resolution is required to be received by the Company or, alternatively, make arrangements for the registered holder of such shares to dissent on the beneficial shareholder’s behalf. It is strongly suggested that any beneficial shareholder wishing to dissent seek independent legal advice, as the failure to comply strictly with the provisions of Section 190 of the CBCA may prejudice such beneficial shareholder’s right to dissent. A registered holder of Common Shares or Subordinate Voting Shares who wishes to dissent must send a written objection to the Continuance Resolution (a “Dissent Notice”) to RB Global, Inc., 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5J 0C6 Attention: Darren Watt, Chief Legal Officer, with a copy to the Company’s counsel, McCarthy Tétrault LLP, Suite 2400, 745 Thurlow Street, Vancouver, BC, V6E 0C5, Attention: David Frost or to dfrost@mccarthy.ca, at or prior to the time of the Meeting or any adjournment thereof in order to be effective. The delivery of a Dissent Notice does not deprive a registered shareholder of its right to vote at the Meeting, however, a vote in favor of the Continuance Resolution will, in effect, result in such shareholder ceasing to be a dissenting shareholder and losing its rights under Section 190 of the CBCA. A vote against the Continuance Resolution, whether in person or by proxy, does not constitute a Dissent Notice, but a shareholder need not vote its shares against the Continuance Resolution in order to dissent. Similarly, the revocation of a proxy conferring authority on the proxy holder to vote in favor of the Continuance Resolution does not constitute a Dissent Notice in respect of the Continuance Resolution, but any such proxy granted by a shareholder who intends to dissent should be validly revoked (see “May I revoke my proxy or change my vote” on page 14) in order to prevent the proxy holder from voting such the Company shares in favor of the Continuance Resolution. If the Continuance Resolution is approved at the Meeting or at an adjournment or postponement thereof, the Company is required to deliver to each registered shareholder who has filed a Dissent Notice and has not voted for the Continuance Resolution or not withdrawn that shareholder’s Dissent Notice (each, a “Dissenting Shareholder”), within 10 days after the approval of the Continuance Resolution, a notice stating that the Continuance Resolution has been adopted (the “Notice of Resolution”). A Dissenting Shareholder then has 20 days after receipt of the Notice of Resolution or, if the Dissenting Shareholder does not receive a Notice of Resolution, within 20 days after learning that the Continuance Resolution has been adopted, to send to the Company a written notice (a “Demand for Payment”) containing the Dissenting Shareholder’s name and address, the number and class of shares in respect of which it dissents and a demand for payment of the fair value of such shares. A Dissenting Shareholder must within 30 days after sending the Demand for Payment, send the certificates representing the shares in respect of which it is dissenting to the Company or its transfer agent, Computershare. The Company or Computershare must endorse the certificates with a notice that the holder is a Dissenting Shareholder under Section 190 of the CBCA and forthwith return the certificates to the Dissenting shareholder. A Dissenting Shareholder who fails to make a Demand for Payment within the time required or to send the certificates within the 30-day period, has no right to make a claim under Section 190 of the CBCA. A Dissenting Shareholder that sends a Demand for Payment within the time required ceases to have any rights as a holder of shares, other than the right to be paid the fair value of such Dissenting Shareholder’s shares, unless: (i) the Dissenting Shareholder withdraws the Demand for Payment before the Company makes an Offer to Pay (as defined below); (ii) the    52 2024 Proxy Statement Company fails to make a timely Offer to Pay to the Dissenting Shareholder and the Dissenting Shareholder withdraws the Demand for Payment; or (iii) the Board revokes the Continuance Resolution, in which case the Dissenting Shareholder’s rights as a shareholder are required to be reinstated as of the date the Demand for Payment was sent. The Company is required, not later than seven days after the later of the date shown on the certificate of continuation issued by the OBCA Director and the day the Company receives the Demand for Payment, to send a written offer to pay (“Offer to Pay”) in the amount considered by the Board to be the fair value of the shares in respect of which the Dissenting Shareholder has dissented. The Offer to Pay must be accompanied by a statement showing how the fair value was determined. Every Offer to Pay made to Dissenting Shareholders must be on the same terms, and lapses if not accepted within 30 days after being made. If the Offer to Pay is accepted, payment must be made within 10 days of acceptance. If the Company fails to make an Offer to Pay or if a Dissenting Shareholder fails to accept an Offer to Pay, the Company may, within 50 days after the date shown on the Certificate of Continuance issued by the OBCA Director or within such further period as a court of competent jurisdiction may allow, apply to the court to fix a fair value for the shares of any Dissenting Shareholder. If the Company fails to so apply to the court, a Dissenting Shareholder may do so for the same purpose within a further period of 20 days or such other period as the court may allow. A Dissenting Shareholder is not required to give security for costs in any such application to the court. Applications referred to in this paragraph may be made to a court of competent jurisdiction in the place where the Company has its registered office or in the province where the Dissenting Shareholder resides if the Company carries on business in that province. Upon the making of any such application to a court, the Company shall give notice of the date, place and consequences of the application and of the Dissenting Shareholder’s right to appear and be heard to each Dissenting Shareholder who has sent the Company a Demand for Payment and has not accepted an Offer to Pay. All Dissenting Shareholders whose shares have not been purchased by the Company shall be joined as parties to the application and are bound by the decision of the court. The court is authorized to determine whether any other person is a Dissenting Shareholder who should be joined as a party to such application, and the court will then fix a fair value for the shares of all Dissenting Shareholders. The final order of a court will be rendered in favor of each Dissenting Shareholder for the amount of the fair value of its shares as fixed by the court. The court may, in its discretion, allow a reasonable rate of interest on the amount payable to each Dissenting Shareholder from the effective date of the Continuation until the date of payment of the amount so fixed. The above is only a summary of the dissenting shareholder provisions of the CBCA. A holder of Common Shares or Subordinate Voting Shares wishing to exercise a right to dissent should seek independent legal advice. Failure to comply strictly with the provisions of the statute may prejudice the right of dissent.   53 2024 Proxy Statement COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS A Letter from the RB Global Compensation Committee Chair Dear Fellow Shareholders, Last year, we completed the acquisition of IAA, Inc., significantly expanding the scale, scope, reach and value creation runway for RB Global. We added a complementary vertical and more than doubled our addressable market. This combination accelerates our strategic vision to create a next-generation global marketplace for commercial assets and vehicles, supported by advanced technologies and data analytics. The RB Global team, under the direction of our new Chief Executive Officer, Jim Kessler, is focused on operating and integration objectives related to this acquisition. We increased our presence in key U.S. and European geographies, resulting in a combined ~13,600 acres of yard capacity. We believe that the acquisition created more than $100 million of cost synergy opportunities as well as upside growth opportunities. In connection with the IAA transaction, the Board’s Compensation Committee conducted an extensive evaluation of the Company’s compensation program to ensure we continue to attract and retain high caliber talent, incentivize strong operating and financial performance, and align with sustainable shareholder value creation. This review was conducted with the assistance of an independent compensation consultant and with consideration to our shareholders’ perspectives, including the desire to have compensation metrics directly linked to a successful IAA integration. The outcome of the Committee’s evaluation includes the following: • An updated compensation peer group to more accurately reflect the new size and characteristics of RB Global as a combined company; • New target compensation opportunities that correspond to the median pay levels of similarly-sized peers; • A compensation philosophy of paying for performance as reflected in the predominantly at-risk performance-based structure of the new compensation program; • Performance metrics that are intended to ensure accountability and incentivize achievement of the IAA integration objectives and long-term growth performance goals, including revenue growth, effective cost management and profitability – key indicators used by our investors to assess our ability to invest in our business and create sustained value. We encourage you to review the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section that further details how we viewed 2023 compensation decisions and factors that informed them. As part of its mandate, the Committee has additionally conducted an extensive talent succession plan review for the combined company that is intended to ensure we continue to cultivate talent in all parts of our Company. A deep bench of talent builds a cohesive and inspiring leadership team that drives innovation and excellence to maximize the strength of our offerings in this next pivotal stage of growth. On behalf of the Compensation Committee, we thank you for your continued investment and support. Sincerely, Michael Sieger-Chair, Compensation Committee (On behalf of the entire Compensation Committee)   54 2024 Proxy Statement Executive Compensation The Compensation Discussion and Analysis included in this Proxy Statement provides information about the compensation for our NEOs in 2023, including an analysis of the overall objectives of our compensation program for the year and each element of compensation provided. Upon completion of the IAA transaction in 2023, the Company developed compensation programs that focused on the combined company and the related opportunities, while ensuring focus on executing our core strategy. Recent Management Changes The Company experienced several key leadership changes in 2023. On July 31, 2023, Ann Fandozzi informed the Board of her intention to resign from her position as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, and the Board accepted her resignation. On August 1, 2023, the Board appointed Jim Kessler as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Company’s Board. Mr. Kessler had previously served as the Company’s President and Chief Operating Officer since September 2021, after joining the Company as Chief Operating Officer in May 2020. On August 1, 2023, Eric Jacobs was terminated from his position as the Company’s Chief Financial Officer. Simultaneously, the Board appointed Megan Cash as the Company’s Principal Finance and Accounting Officer. Prior to her appointment, Ms. Cash was Vice President, Corporate Finance of the Company since July 2018 and was promoted to Senior Vice President, Global Control & Corporate Finance in 2020. In December 2023, the Company announced it had hired Eric Guerin as its new Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Guerin started in his CFO role on January 15, 2024 and, after a brief transition period, Ms. Cash relinquished the role of Principal Finance and Accounting Officer to Mr. Guerin effective January 30, 2024. On January 30, 2024, it was determined that Baron Concors, the Company’s Chief Product and Technology Officer, will be leaving the Company effective on or about June 1, 2024. On February 21, 2024, Ms. Fandozzi resigned from the Company's Board. Named executive officers James Kessler1 Chief Executive Officer Appointed August 2023 Ann Fandozzi2 Former Chief Executive Officer Appointed January 2020 Megan Cash3 Principal Finance and Accounting Officer Appointed August 2023 Eric Jacobs4 Former Chief Financial Officer Appointed June 2022 Baron Concors5 Chief Product and Technology Officer Appointed November 2022 Jeff Jeter6 Chief Revenue Officer Appointed September 2023 Darren Watt7 Chief Legal Officer Appointed April 2023 Carmen Thiede8 Chief Transformation Officer Appointed September 2023 1. Mr. Kessler joined the Company as Chief Operating Officer in May 2020 and was promoted to President and Chief Operating Officer in 2021 and to CEO on August 1, 2023. 2. Ms. Fandozzi’s last day as Chief Executive Officer was July 31, 2023. 3. Ms. Cash joined the Company in 2018 as Vice President, Finance and was promoted to Senior Vice President, Global Control & Corporate Finance in 2020 and to Principal Finance and Accounting Officer on August 1, 2023 until she relinquished this additional role to Eric Guerin effective as of January 30, 2024. 4. Mr. Jacobs’ last day as Chief Financial Officer was August 1, 2023. 5. Mr. Concors joined the Company as Chief Information Officer in March 2020 and was promoted to Chief Product and Technology Officer in November of 2022. 6. Mr. Jeter joined the Company in June 2017 as President, Upstream & Emerging Businesses. and was promoted to Chief Revenue Officer in September 2023. 7. Mr. Watt joined the Company in 2004 as in-house counsel. He was promoted to Senior Vice President & General Counsel in August 2016 and to Chief Legal Officer in April of 2023. 8. Ms. Thiede joined the Company as Chief Human Resources Officer in April 2020. She was promoted to Chief Transformation and People Officer in September 2022 and has been the Chief Transformation Officer since September 2023 when Mr. Fesler was appointed Chief People Officer, at which point, it was determined that Ms. Thiede was no longer an executive officer of the Company.   55 2024 Proxy Statement Business Update In March 2023, we completed the acquisition of IAA, which was a key part of our growth strategy and vision of becoming the trusted global marketplace for transaction solutions, insights and services for commercial assets and vehicles. IAA has accelerated our expansion into an attractive, adjacent vertical, broadening our global footprint. We believe our combined yard footprint, marketplace infrastructure and comprehensive suite of innovative solutions will allow us to better serve our customers effectively and efficiently. In January 2023, we also acquired a controlling interest in VeriTread, a transportation technology company in the United States experienced in building heavy haul transportation platforms and solutions for industrial equipment, vehicles, and other assets. VeriTread adds to our suite of value-added services, supporting the needs of equipment owners throughout the equipment lifecycle by integrating transportation solutions directly into our marketplace technology. In the beginning of August 2023, we appointed Jim Kessler, who was previously the Company’s President and Chief Operating Officer as Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and in December 2023, we announced the appointment of Eric J. Guerin as Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), effective January 15, 2024. In addition to our growth through two acquisitions this year, below are some other notable operational highlights during 2023: • In October 2023, the Company, along with Nations Capital, LLC (“Nations”), received bankruptcy court approval to be the agent and liquidator of Yellow Corporation’s transportation assets. The Company and Nations intend to utilize the expansive footprint of RB Global to manage the relocation, transportation, refurbishment, inventory, storage and sale of the rolling stock assets, including approximately 60,000 units of trucks, trailers and miscellaneous equipment located across the United States and Canada at over 300 terminal locations. The Company and Nations intend to implement a multi-faceted sales strategy, including private treaty and strategic bulk sales, as well as live and fully digital formats • SmartEquip released a major enhancement to its digital parts commerce product in September 2023. The new SmartEquip e-Commerce Store 2.0 platform helps dealers, fleet owners and authorized distributors in the industrial goods industry to set up a branded, digital parts shop quickly and easily and help them manage inventory, product support, sales and customers in one easy-to-use self-serve platform. • In August 2023, IAA released three product enhancements to its selling platform, IAA Vehicle Score™, IAA Vehicle Value™ and the IAA Sales Decision Center™, which all work together to provide vehicle sellers with information that is critical in helping to optimize their auction strategies for greater returns. • In April 2023, we made strategic real estate investments in the states of New York, Indiana, Connecticut and Delaware in the United States to meet growing demand and to secure our presence in prime locations. Accordingly, we opened two new IAA auction sites in Staten Island, New York, and Fort Wayne, Indiana.   56 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Overview Compensation governance and best practices WHAT WE DO Provide short-term and long-term incentive plans with performance targets aligned to business goals Maintain a Compensation Committee composed entirely of independent directors who are advised by an independent compensation consultant Require stock ownership for all senior leaders Directors and members of management, including members of our Compensation Committee and our Independent Chair, engage with shareholders and other stakeholders on various topics, including our compensation program and philosophy Include non-competition and non-solicitation terms in all employment agreements with senior leaders, where permitted by law Maintain an Insider Trading Policy requiring directors, executive officers, and all other senior leaders to trade only during pre-established periods after receiving preclearance from our General Counsel Have only double trigger (change in control and termination of employment) vesting provisions Complete an annual risk review evaluating incentive compensation plans Require short-term cash and long-term equity awards for all executive officers to be subject to clawback and cancellation provisions WHAT WE DON’T DO Provide gross-up payments to cover personal income taxes or excise taxes pertaining to executive severance benefits Pay above-market interest on deferred compensation in retirement plans Allow any director or employee to engage in hedging or pledging of our securities, including those received as compensation Reward executives for excessive, imprudent, inappropriate, or unnecessary risk-taking Allow the repricing, spring-loading, or backdating of equity awards Guarantee incentive payouts from short-term or long-term incentive awards   57 2024 Proxy Statement Shareholder Engagement The Company views shareholder engagement as a continuous process and annually seeks feedback directly from our shareholders. In 2023, we engaged 75 of our top shareholders representing more than 90% of our outstanding shares. Through these engagements, we received positive feedback in support of our executive compensation program, and the Compensation Committee’s decision to further drive accountability and reinforce our growth strategy. The Compensation Committee seeks to align the Company’s executive compensation program with the interests of the Company’s shareholders. The Compensation Committee considers the results of the annual Say-on-Pay vote, the long-term vision and strategic goals of the Company, input from management, input from its independent compensation consultant, and investor engagement feedback when setting and developing compensation plans for our executives. In 2023, 86.7% of the votes cast were voted in favor of our executive compensation program. The Compensation Committee believes that these results indicate that our shareholders generally approve of the structure of our executive compensation program. In light of the results of the advisory Say-on-Pay vote on our named executive officers for 2022, the Compensation Committee structured executive compensation for 2023 in a manner that was generally consistent with our 2022 executive compensation program, but included a different mix of equity awards. We considered shareholder feedback in evaluating our Long-term Incentives (“LTI”) design for 2023. During our discussions with shareholders, we received feedback on the performance metrics used for our performance-based LTI awards. Specifically, while a number of our shareholders agree with the Compensation Committee that the measures we use are the best measures to ensure accountability of our senior executives and focus on cash generation to support the Company’s strategy, some shareholders have asked us to consider using additional or different performance measures for our LTI awards. The Compensation Committee considered shareholder feedback regarding performance-based LTI awards, and determined that the performance metrics would be better aligned to both an internal metric as well as a shareholder return metric, which supports our objectives of motivating our executives to drive shareholder value, as well as recruiting and retaining top talent in our industry. Compensation Program – Key Elements 2023 STI and 2023 LTI Overview The 2023 Short-Term Incentive Plan (the “2023 STI”) focused leadership on three key financial measures. The total potential payout for the STI ranged from 0% to 200% based on performance against objective, pre-established targets with payout to occur only if threshold performance of at least one financial measure was met. The performance measures for the 2023 STI were Agency Proceeds, Operating Free Cash Flow (“OFCF”), and Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income. In August 2023, the Compensation Committee approved an adjustment to the 2023 STI for certain senior leaders to account for enterprise results by incorporating IAA results as an additional metric while still maintaining the core structure of the 2023 STI (the “Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI”). The target amounts for the performance metrics included in the 2023 STI were not adjusted in the Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI and the only change was to add IAA-Adjusted EBITDA as a performance metric and to adjust the weightings of the performance metrics to account for the addition. The performance measures for the Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI were Agency Proceeds, OFCF, Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income, and IAA-Adjusted EBITDA. These metrics are all non-GAAP measures. For a description of each, see Appendix A to this Proxy Statement. The 2023 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2023 LTI”) was redesigned to feature a mix of stock options (25% of total LTI) to align the interests of our most senior leaders with those of shareholders in share price appreciation, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) (25% of total LTI) to align the interests of our most senior leaders with those of shareholders in share price appreciation and performance share units (“PSUs”) (50% of total LTI) that are earned only if objective, pre-determined performance measures that drive long-term results are achieved. The performance measures for the PSUs are equally weighted between Earnings Compound Annual Growth Rate (“CAGR”) and relative total shareholder return (“rTSR”) based on the Russell 3000 Index (“rTSR”), and performance payouts are capped at 200% of target. If absolute TSR performance is negative, payout for this metric is capped at 100%. The total payout for performance ranges from 0% to 200% based on performance against the objective, pre-established targets. At least one financial measure must be met for any portion of the PSUs to be earned and vest. Earnings CAGR is a non-GAAP measure. For a description of Earnings CAGR, see Appendix A to this Proxy Statement. We believe that focusing performance on Agency Proceeds, Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income, OFCF and IAA-Adjusted EBITDA in the short-term, combined with measuring Earnings CAGR and rTSR per share in the long-term, provides direct alignment of our executive compensation program with the interests of our shareholders and focuses senior leaders on making the investments that will provide profitable long-term growth.   58 2024 Proxy Statement Peer group The Compensation Committee annually reviews the peer group for compensation benchmarking comparisons and makes updates as needed to align with established criteria and Company strategy. We do not limit the peer group to our industry alone because we believe compensation practices for NEOs at other large U.S.-based multinational companies affect our ability to attract and retain diverse talent around the globe. The Compensation Committee re-evaluated the peer group for fiscal year 2023 after the acquisition of IAA. They considered the following factors when selecting the peer group used to inform 2023 target compensation levels for our NEOs: * Gross Transaction Value is a measure of operational performance. For a description of Gross Transaction Value, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. Based on the above quantitative, qualitative and unique considerations described above, the Compensation Committee selected the following peer group for 2023 compensation benchmarking purposes: Peer Group Copart, Inc. (CPRT) Expedia Group, Inc. (EXPE) TripAdvisor, Inc. (TRIP) CoStar Group, Inc. (CSGP) Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) Verisk Analytics, Inc. (VRSK) eBay Inc. (EBAY) OPENLANE, Inc. (KAR) WillScot Mobile Mini, Holdings Corp. (WSC) Etsy, Inc. (ETSY) Match Group, Inc. (MTCH) Zillow Group, Inc. (Z) How we use benchmarking data to assess compensation We benchmark pay practices and compensation levels against the proxy statement disclosures of our peer group. In addition, we use executive compensation surveys to benchmark relevant market data for executive positions and adjust this data to reflect the Company’s size and market-expected compensation trends. Furthermore, the Compensation Committee reviews an analysis completed by its independent compensation consultant of the competitive position of each of our executives relative to its benchmark data. We review each element of compensation compared with the market and generally target each element of our total direct compensation (base salary, STI, and LTI) for the executive group to be within a competitive range of the market median. An individual element or an individual’s total direct compensation may be positioned above or below the market median due to a variety of considerations, such as specific responsibilities, experience, and performance.   59 2024 Proxy Statement How we plan compensation Our incentive plans are designed to optimize long-term financial returns for our shareholders and reward our NEOs for delivering on the Company’s strategy. The 2023 performance-based structure incorporated herein by reference. short-term and long-term incentives tied to financial measures to drive Company performance for fiscal year 2023 and beyond. The affirmative vote ofCompensation Committee believes a majority of votes cast by shareholders present or represented by proxythe compensation opportunity should be performance-based and at risk to align the Meetinginterests of executives with those of shareholders. The full Board is required for the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP (United States) as our independent registered public accounting firm. For purposes of this proposal, abstentions will not be counted as votes cast in determining the number of votes necessary for the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP (United States) as our independent registered public accounting firm. Fees billed by independent auditors The fees billed to us by Ernst & Young LLP (Canada), our independent auditor in each of the last two fiscal years, are set forthinvolved in the design and approval of CEO compensation. Target Compensation Mix for the Current CEO Average Target Compensation Mix for the Other Current NEOs Compensation Principles The compensation provided to our senior leaders is guided by a pay-for-performance philosophy and the following table. Allprinciples: Align with Shareholders – Compensation paid should align directly with the long-term interests of our shareholders, and our executives should share with them in the performance and value of our Common Shares. Enable Company Strategy – Compensation should be based on challenging Company performance and strategic goals, which are within our executives’ control, and reward performance aligned with the Company’s strategy, values, and expected behaviors. Market Competitive – Target compensation should have an appropriate mix of short-term and long-term pay elements and should be competitive (market median) with that paid to individuals at peer group companies so that it attracts, motivates, and retains talent. Avoid Excessive Risk Taking – Compensation structure should avoid incentivizing unnecessary and excessive risk taking. Simple Design – Compensation plans should be easy to understand and communicate, and minimize unintended consequences.   60 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Elements Compensation structure The 2023 compensation structure is market competitive, with each pay element targeted at or near the market median and includes the following pay elements: ELEMENT  PURPOSE PERFORMANCE PERIOD PERFORMANCE MEASURES PAYOUT Base Salary Market-competitive base salary reflects contribution, background, knowledge, experience and performance — — — STI Annual cash incentive based on achievement of Company financial and strategic goals One Year January 1, 2023 December 31, 2023 Agency Proceeds, Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income, OFCF and IAA Adjusted EBITDA 0% – 200% PSUs Align leadership with long-term Company goals and shareholder interests Three-Years January 1, 2023 December 31, 2025 Earnings CAGR and Relative TSR 0% – 200% RSUs Align leadership with shareholder interest in long-term share price Three-Year Ratable Vesting Share Price — Stock Options Align leadership with shareholder interest in long-term share price appreciation Three-Year Ratable Vesting 10-Year Term Absolute Share Price Appreciation — Perquisites and other compensation We provide perquisites and other compensation to our NEOs consistent with market practices. The following perquisites and other compensation were provided in 2023: Car Allowance – NEOs are eligible to receive an annual car allowance. In addition, NEOs are eligible to use driver services and fees, including tax service fees, were pre-approvedprovided by the Audit Committee.Company in accordance with Company policies.     Year Ended December 31, Item   2022(5)   2021(5) Audit Fees(1)   $ 2,854,433   $ 2,777,717 Audit-Related Fees(2)     —     — Tax Fees(3)    $ 77,995   $ 24,808 All Other Fees(4)     —     — Total   $ 2,932,428   $ 2,802,525 48 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Financial Counseling – NEOs are eligible to receive tax preparation and compliance services, subject to an annual limit, when they are required to work outside of their country of residence. These services allow our NEOs to focus on Company business and ensure accurate personal tax reporting. Table of Contents Executive Well-being – The health and wellness of our workforce is a priority, and all of our employees are encouraged to complete an annual physical. NEOs are eligible to receive a comprehensive wellness examination with an approved provider. These wellness visits promote employee well-being and enable employees to take appropriate steps in the event of illness or a medical condition that may impact their ability to perform their duties.   (1)61 “Audit Fees” represents fees billed2024 Proxy Statement 2023 Target compensation Our target total direct compensation for each NEO in 2023 was as follows:           LTI Targets                     Name Base Salary ($) STI Target (%) STI Target ($) Target Total Cash Compensation ($) PSUs1 ($) RSUs1 ($) Stock Options ($) Target Total Direct Compensation ($)3 James Kessler 850,000 125% 1,062,500 1,912,500 5,886,250 2,943,125 2,943,125 13,685,000 Ann Fandozzi 900,000 125% 1,125,000 2,025,000 – – – 2,025,000 Megan Cash2 260,867 60% 156,520 417,387 – 206,445 – 623,832 Eric Jacobs 575,000 100% 575,000 1,150,000 – – – 1,150,000 Baron Concors 575,000 80% 460,000 1,035,000 1,006,250 503,125 503,125 3,047,500 Jeff Jeter 600,000 125% 750,000 1,350,000 1,425,000 712,500 712,500 4,200,000 Darren Watt2 416,671 70% 291,670 708,340 312,503 156,252 156,252 1,333,347 Carmen Thiede 540,000 80% 432,000 972,000 729,000 364,500 364,500 2,430,000 1. The number of PSUs and RSUs awarded is determined by using the audit of our annual financial statementstarget PSU value divided by the NYSE closing market price on the grant date. 2. Ms. Cash and review of our quarterly financial statements and for services thatMr. Watt are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements. Audit fees are billed and paid in Canadian dollars. (2) “Audit-Related Fees” represents fees for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” (3) “Tax Fees” include fees for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning. (4) “All Other Fees” include all other non-audit services. (5) The amounts Amounts reported are converted from Canadian dollars to U.S. dollars based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.76900.7411 for 2022 and CA$1 to US$0.7977 for 2021.2023. 3. Executive compensation was thoroughly reviewed in 2023. Changes to executive compensation were made following a benchmarking exercise. Included in this exercise was the development of a peer group that was built to reflect the sizable increase in company size (fiscally and demographically), and an independent review by our compensation consultant, FW Cook. Executive compensation shown above generally aligns with market benchmark medians, except for Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs, who were no longer with the company at the time the adjustments were made. Pre-approval policies Performance Measures How we set performance targets The Compensation Committee approves the performance measures for the STI and procedures LTI annually. The AuditCompensation Committee Charter providesreviews recommendations from management, receives input from its independent compensation consultant, evaluates the annual budget and mid-term business plan, and reviews prior year performance to approve value-creating goals tied to long-term shareholder value. 2023 STI performance measures STI performance measures are linked to the Company’s annual financial goals and strategic goals that drive our long-term strategy. The Compensation Committee annually reviews and approves STI performance measures that align with shareholders’ interests. STI awards, if any, are determined based on final Company financial performance and the AuditCompensation Committee’s assessment of performance against objective, pre-established targets. The 2023 STI targets were aligned to the Board-approved budget for the year. Changes were made to the 2023 STI to reflect the acquisition of IAA and consider the time of the year the transaction was completed. NEOs with cross-organizational responsibilities were aligned with this updated plan (Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI), including metrics and weightings in order to align behaviors and drive performance on a combined-entity basis. The named executive officers had the following STI Plan alignment for 2023: Name STI Plan ($) James Kessler Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Ann Fandozzi Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Megan Cash 2023 STI Eric Jacobs Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Baron Concors Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Jeff Jeter 2023 STI Darren Watt Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Carmen Thiede Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI   62 2024 Proxy Statement The table below describes each STI performance measure for the 2023 STI and Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI, including its weighting, its target, and the leadership behavior each measure drives. 2023 STI STI Performance Measure1 Weight Target Leadership Behaviors Agency Proceeds ($M) 33% $1,127.0 Focus on revenue and driving growth Operating Free Cash Flow ($M) 33% $128.0 Focus on driving strong cash flow to invest in the business Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income 34% $422.0 Focus on performance that emphasizes cost management and supports the Company’s strategic goals 1. Agency Proceeds, OFCF and Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income are non-GAAP measures. For a description of these non-GAAP measures, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI STI Performance Measure1 Weight Target Leadership Behaviors Agency Proceeds ($M) 25% $1,127.0 Focus on revenue and driving growth Operating Free Cash Flow ($M) 25% $128.0 Focus on driving strong cash flow to invest in the business Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income 25% $422.0 Focus on performance that emphasizes cost management and supports the Company’s strategic goals IAA Adjusted EBITDA 25% $594.0 Focus on enterprise results 1. Agency Proceeds, OFCF, Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income and IAA Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures. For a description of these non-GAAP measures, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. The potential payouts for each Company performance measure range from 0% to 200% of target based on actual Company performance. The payout for threshold performance is discussed on page 65; performance below threshold results in no payout. Final STI awards are calculated as follows: 2023–2025 LTI performance measures Grants made under the LTI are intended to link the financial interests of NEOs with the long-term interests of shareholders. When determining grant amounts, the Compensation Committee considers factors such as individual responsibilities, experience, and performance. In addition, the Compensation Committee factors relevant market compensation comparison data and input provided by its independent compensation consultant. LTI awards are 50% in the form of PSUs, 25% in the form of RSUs and 25% in the form of stock options. PSUs, to the extent earned, cliff-vest following a three-year performance period, while RSUs and stock options vest ratably over three years. In 2023, the performance metrics for the PSUs were equally weighted between Earnings CAGR and rTSR, and both measures are subject to performance caps. The PSU performance measures promote the efficient use of capital for long-term growth in shareholder value with an increased focus on earnings growth and cash generation. The table below describes each PSU performance measure — its weighting, the leadership behavior each measure drives, and its payout. Performance Measure Weight Leadership Behaviors Payout Earnings CAGR 50% Focus on earnings growth, while being held accountable for successful execution of strategic objectives Below Threshold (0%) — Less than 10% Threshold (50%) — 10% Target (100%) — 14% Maximum (200%) — 18% or greater rTSR1 50% Focus on relative market performance of peers Below Threshold (less than 25th percentile) — 0% Threshold (50%) — 25th percentile Target (100%) — 50th percentile Maximum (200%) — 75th percentile 1. If absolute TSR performance is negative, payout for this metric is capped at 100%.   63 2024 Proxy Statement The 2023–2025 PSUs, to the extent earned, will vest following the completion of the three-year performance period beginning January 1, 2023, and may be earned at a level between 0% and 200% of target. Final PSU awards are calculated as follows:   The Company focused on Earnings CAGR and rTSR with respect to the 2023 awards to support our strategic goals and align performance with our shareholders. We continue to prioritize and focus on accelerating growth while achieving strong, profitable growth with solid return on investment. Summary of Outstanding Performance Awards Each PSU award features a three-year performance period resulting in overlapping awards that, in aggregate, cover a four-year period. The table below illustrates the performance period for the four PSU awards that include 2023 in the performance period, and the corresponding performance measures and weights. The number of shares earned, if any, for each PSU award will be measured and determined at the end of the performance period. Award Performance Period Performance Measures & Weighting Potential Payouts Vest Date 2021 – 2023 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2023 50% Earnings CAGR 50% Cumulative OFCF per share1 0 – 200% February 25, 2024 2021 – 20242 1 August 2021 to 31 July 2024 Company’s relative TSR compared to the TSR of the S&P 500 index members as of the date of grant 0 – 300% August 11, 2024 2022 – 2024 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2024 50% Earnings CAGR 50% Cumulative OFCF per share 0 – 200% March 14, 2025 2023 – 2025 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2025 50% Earnings CAGR 50% rTSR compared to the Russell 3000 index members as of the date of grant 0 – 200% March 14, 2026 1. OFCF per Share is a non-GAAP measure. For a description of OFCF per Share, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. 2. The 2021-2024 Awards reflect the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards. See “Special Equity Awards” on page 65. Performance Results and Compensation Decisions 2023 STI results The payout of the 2023 STI awards was calculated based on the Company’s achievement of Agency Proceeds, OFCF and Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income performance measures. Target goals were set in consideration of the prior year results. The Company also delivered other strong 2023 financial results and key business highlights. The payout of the Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI awards was calculated based on the Company’s 2023 STI performance measures and the added IAA-focused metric. Target goals were set in consideration of the prior year results and to incorporate IAA results.   64 2024 Proxy Statement Final 2023 STI and Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance, as determined and approved by the Compensation Committee, is responsibledisplayed below. 2023 STI Measure Weight Threshold Target Maximum Performance Result1 Agency Proceeds ($M) 33% $1,014 $1,127 $1,240 $1,173 OFCF ($M) 33% $115 $128 $141 $202 Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income ($M) 34% $379 $422 $464 $447 Performance Payout         167% of Target Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Measure Weight Threshold Target Maximum Performance Result1 Agency Proceeds ($M) 25% $1,014 $1,127 $1,240 $1,173 OFCF ($M) 25% $115 $128 $141 $202 Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income ($M) 25% $379 $422 $464 $447 IAA Adjusted EBITDA ($M) 25% $535 $594 $653 $643 Performance Payout         171% of Target 2021-2023 LTI results The 2021-2023 PSUs will vest on February 24, 2024, based on Company performance for the selection, appointment,three-year performance period beginning January 1, 2021 against pre-established objective performance targets for Earnings CAGR and OFCF per share. Final LTI performance, as determined and approved by the Compensation Committee is displayed below.     Percentile   LTI Measure Weight Threshold Target Maximum Performance Result1 Earnings CAGR 50% 6% 10% Greater than 14% 13.9% OFCF per share 50% $6.58 $7.10 Greater than $7.64 $8.71 Performance Payout         198% of Target 2021 Special Equity Awards In 2021, to recognize that RB Global was in the midst of major transformational change being led by a new senior management team, the Compensation Committee considered a variety of potential compensation alternatives to further motivate and accelerate the execution of the strategic transformation and create strong alignment between management and shareholders. In August 2021, the Compensation Committee approved the 100% performance-based one-time Special Transformation Incentive Awards that require significant shareholder value creation as measured by both absolute and relative stock price performance before any payout is achieved. It does this via a combination of premium priced stock options (“PPOs”) and PSUs. The program also supports retention of the RB Global executive team, many of whom were newly tenured and thus had limited unvested Company share holdings. The grant value was approximately equal to the current annual LTI grant value for each participant. In June 2022, the Compensation Committee approved 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards to our new CFO at that time, Mr. Jacobs. Half of the grant date fair value is in the form of PPOs that cliff vest on August 12, 2024, the three-year anniversary of the grant date (with certain exceptions, no interim vesting) with a 6-year maximum option term to ameliorate overhang relative to typical ten-year option terms. PPOs were granted with three premium exercise prices equal to $80, $90 and $100, which represented appreciation from the grant date of approximately 35%, 52% and 69%, respectively. Attainment of these prices would result in an increase to the market capitalization from the grant date of $2.3 billion at an $80 share price, $3.4 billion at $90 and $4.5 billion at $100. 1. In determining actual 2023 STI and 2021-2023 LTI corporate performance against the above-mentioned targets, and the resulting payouts, the Compensation Committee made certain adjustments to the Company’s operating results to eliminate the impact of certain nonrecurring and extraordinary items including: (1) adjustments to all results for the difference in actual versus planned foreign currency rates used to determine the targets, and (2) adjustments to OFCF to remove the impact of costs directly related to the acquisition of IAA, which were not budgeted and therefore not captured in the target.   65 2024 Proxy Statement The other half of the award is in the form of PSUs that may be earned at the end of a three-year performance period ending on August 11, 2024. The performance required is challenging and awards are forfeited in their entirety if rTSR is below the median of the S&P 500 index members as of the date of grant. Earned PSUs, if any, will vest on August 11, 2024 and must be held for 12 months after the three-year performance period. No dividend equivalents are awarded on the PSUs, meaning that the award is focused solely on share price appreciation in support of our commitment to the creation of sustainable shareholder value. The percentage of PSUs that will vest at the end of the three-year vesting period will be determined in accordance with the following definitions and targets. Performance Factor rTSR Performance Targets1 % of Target PSUs Earned The Company’s rTSR over the Performance Period compared to the TSR over the Performance Period of S&P 500 index members as of the date of grant Below 50th percentile 0% At or Above 50th percentile 50% At or Above 62.5th percentile 100% At or Above 75th percentile 150% At or Above 87.5th percentile 200% 99th percentile and above 300% 1.   rTSR achievement will be interpolated between levels.     66 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for James Kessler Chief Executive Officer – August 1 through December 31, 2023 The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent auditor,compensation consultant: Base Salary – Base salary was increased from $575,000 to $850,000 upon his promotion to Chief Executive Officer in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $781,250. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Kessler had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023, Mr. Kessler was awarded an annual LTI grant of $13.2 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Fixed Pay Element $781,250 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $1,816,875 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $7,268,239 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $2,943,885 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $2,943,875 TOTAL $15,754,124 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, which is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 67 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Ann Fandozzi Former Chief Executive Officer – January 1 through July 31, 2023 The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant: Base Salary – Ms. Fandozzi’s actual salary paid in 2023 was $528,409. Short-Term Incentive – Ms. Fandozzi did not receive an STI award for 2023. Long-Term Incentive – Ms. Fandozzi did not receive any LTI awards in 2023. Total awarded compensation for 2023 is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $528,409 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $— PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $0 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $0 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $0 TOTAL $528,409 1. Ms. Fandozzi was not awarded 2023 LTI awards due to her resignation in August 2023. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 68 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Megan Cash Principal Finance and Accounting Officer August 2, 2023 through December 31, 2023 The Compensation Committee made no changes to Ms. Cash’s Base Salary or Short-Term Incentive upon her appointment to Principal Finance and Accounting Officer. Base Salary – Her Base Salary is $260,867. Her actual salary paid in 2023 was $264,530. Stipend – Ms. Cash received a stipend of $74,110 in addition to her base salary for the period she was Principal Finance and Accounting Officer to recognize the additional roles and responsibilities she took on in that role. The stipend payments earned in 2023 are eligible for the 2023 STI payout. Bonus – Ms. Cash received a bonus of $99,307 related to the successful acquisition of IAA. Short-Term Incentive – Ms. Cash had 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In May 2023,Ms. Cash was awarded an annual LTI grant of $0.2 million, consisting of 100% RSUs based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Fixed Pay Element $264,530 Stipend Additional Fixed Pay Element for Additional Responsibilities $74,110 Bonus Discretionary Pay $99,307 STI (1) Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $376,446 PSUs Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $0 RSUs Performance to Stock Price $206,445 Stock Options Performance to Stock Price $0 TOTAL $1,020,838 (1)    For services in 2023, she received $74,110 in 2023 and $37,055 in 2024. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 69 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Eric Jacobs Former Chief Financial Officer – January 1 through August 1, 2023 The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Base salary remained $575,000. He received 18 months’ salary upon his departure from the Company. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $337,595. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Jacobs received a payment of 18 months’ of his target STI and a pro-rated 2023 STI payment at target per the terms of his employment agreement. Long-Term Incentive – Mr. Jacobs did not receive any LTI awards in 2023. Per the terms of his employment agreement the value of the unvested sign-on grant PSUs as of his departure date were included in his severance. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Fixed Pay Element $337,595 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $0 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $0 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $0 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $0 Severance Paid Pursuant to Employment Agreement $ 4,037,674 TOTAL $4,375,269 1. Mr. Jacobs was not awarded 2023 LTI awards in 2023 due to his departure from the Company in August 2023 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column with the exception of severance. 70 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Baron Concors Chief Product and Technology Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Increased base salary from $415,000 to $575,000, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $535,000. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Concors had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023,Mr. Concors was awarded an annual LTI grant of $2.0 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $535,000 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $786,600 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $1,242,250 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $503,176 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $503,143 TOTAL $3,570,169 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, and is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   71 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Jeff Jeter Chief Revenue Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Increased base salary from $450,000 to $510,000 in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023. In September upon his appointment to Chief Revenue Officer, his salary was adjusted to $600,000. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $525,000. Bonus – Mr. Jeter received a bonus of $50,490 related to the successful acquisition of IAA.  Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Jeter had 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023, Mr. Jeter was awarded an annual LTI grant of $1.0 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options based on his salary prior to his appointment in September. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $525,000 Bonus Discretionary Pay $50,490 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $1,252,500 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $629,614 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $255,015 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $255,000 TOTAL $2,967,619 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, and is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   72 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Darren Watt Chief Legal Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Increased base salary from $325,600 to $425,000 in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $401,840. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Watt had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023, Mr. Watt was awarded an annual LTI grant of $0.6 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $401,840 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $498,754 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $393,544 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $159,399 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $159,375 TOTAL $1,612,912 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   73 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Carmen Thiede Chief Transformation Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Increased base salary from $435,000 to $540,000 in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. Her actual salary paid in 2023 was $513,750. Short-Term Incentive – Ms. Thiede had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023, Ms. Thiede was awarded an annual LTI grant of $1.5 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $513,750 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $738,720 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $899,961 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $364,515 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $364,500 TOTAL $2,881,446 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   74 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Policies and Governance Practices Share ownership requirements The Company requires our senior leaders to own Company shares to align their interests with those of our shareholders. Our share ownership requirements: • Cover all senior leaders • Set a five-year time frame to meet ownership requirements • Require senior leaders to continually hold owned shares to maintain ownership requirements • Establish a multiple of each executive’s base salary on the date first covered The table below shows the share ownership requirement by level in the Company. As of December 31, 2023, all NEOs have met or are on track to meet stock ownership requirements by their respective dates. Stock Ownership Covers all Senior Leaders CEO •   •   •   •   • 5x annual base salary Senior Executives •   •   • 3x annual base salary Vice President • 1x annual base salary Compensation Risk Assessment The Compensation Committee, with support from its independent consultant FW Cook, annually reviews the potential impact of our compensation programs on organizational risk. The Compensation Committee discusses the compensation programs and risk mitigation features when evaluating whether the programs encourage or reward employees for engaging in excessive, imprudent, inappropriate, or unnecessary risk-taking. The Committee also confirms the alignment of the compensation programs to the Company’s sustainability risks and opportunities. The annual risk review involved analyzing our current compensation programs in relation to risk. Our analysis concluded that our compensation programs include the following risk mitigation features: Mix of pay elements – Base salary, STI, PSUs, RSUs and stock options are included in the executive compensation program. Short-term and long-term plans – The mix of our short-term and long-term compensation appropriately rewards employees while balancing risk through the delayed payment of long-term awards. Adjustments to compensation – Maximum payout caps are in place for incentive compensation, and the Compensation Committee has the ability to apply negative discretion. Compensation committee oversight – Our Compensation Committee reviews plan performance and approves all executive compensation plans and payouts. Multiple performance measures – Multiple performance measures work together to balance risk in our incentive compensation plans. Stock ownership requirements – All senior leaders are subject to annual shareholder approval,stock ownership requirements of at least one times their salary, as described above. Clawback and evaluationcancellation provisions – All awards are subject to our Clawback Policy, as described below. In addition, cancellation provisions apply to all outstanding STI and where appropriate, replacementLTI awards. The Compensation Committee determined that our 2023 compensation programs have sufficient risk mitigation features and do not encourage or reward employees for engaging in excessive, imprudent, inappropriate, or unnecessary risk-taking. Based on the Compensation Committee’s review, the Committee determined our compensation programs to be low risk.   75 2024 Proxy Statement Clawback Policy In 2022, the SEC adopted final rules implementing the incentive-based compensation recovery provision of the independent auditor.Dodd-Frank Act. On November 7, 2023, the Board amended and restated the Company’s Executive Compensation Clawback Policy (the “Amended and Restated Clawback Policy”), covering incentive-based compensation received by current or former executive officers on or after October 2, 2023. The Amended and Restated Clawback Policy provides that we must recover incentive-based compensation erroneously received by current or former executive officers during the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the year in which we are required to prepare an accounting restatement due to material noncompliance with financial reporting requirements. Erroneous payments must be recovered even if there was no misconduct or failure of oversight on the part of an individual executive officer. There are limited exceptions to our obligation to enforce the application of the Amended and Restated Clawback Policy. Such exceptions are available where (i) pursuing such recovery would be impractical because the direct expense paid to a third party to assist in enforcing the Amended and Restated Clawback Policy would exceed the recoverable amounts and we have made a reasonable attempt to recover such amounts and provided documentation of such attempts to NYSE; (ii) pursuing such recovery would violate our home country laws and we provide an opinion of counsel to that effect to the NYSE; or (iii) recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to our employees, to fail to meet the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code. Trading Company Securities              Our Insider Trading Policy, which applies to (i) directors, executive officers, and employees of the Company, (ii) such persons’ family members, and (iii) Company contractors and consultants who have access to material nonpublic information concerning the Company (collectively, “Insiders”), prohibits Insiders from buying or selling Company securities when in possession of material nonpublic information and during other closed periods. Any sale or purchase of Common Shares by directors, executive officers, and all other senior leaders must be made during pre-established periods after receiving preclearance by the Chief Legal Officer or designated clearance officer. Trading in Company derivatives (i.e., puts or calls), engaging in short sales or otherwise engaging in hedging activities, and pledging of Company securities, including awards received as compensation, is prohibited for all Insiders. All Insiders are expected to be in compliance with the Insider Trading Policy and to not hedge nor pledge any Common Shares, including those shares they have received as compensation. Tax Considerations The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017, modified IRC Section 162(m) and, among other things, limits the federal tax deduction for annual individual compensation paid up to $1 million for NEOs beginning with the 2018 tax year. Previously, compensation paid in excess of $1 million could be deducted if it qualified as performance-based compensation under IRC Section 162(m). While the Compensation Committee considers tax deductibility as one factor in determining executive compensation, the Compensation Committee also looks at other factors in making its decisions, as noted above, and retains the flexibility to award compensation that it determines to be consistent with the goals of our executive compensation program even if the compensation is not deductible by us for tax purposes. In addition, the AuditCompensation Committee approvescontinues to closely align executive pay with performance, regardless of the elimination of the exception for qualified performance-based under IRC Section 162(m). Compensation Committee and Consultant Independence Our Compensation Committee is composed entirely of independent directors, as determined by the Board under NYSE guidelines and as defined for various regulatory purposes. Under its charter, the Compensation Committee has the authority to hire outside consultants and advisors at the Company’s expense. For 2023, the Compensation Committee retained the services of Frederic W. Cook & Co., Inc. (“FW Cook”), an independent consultant, for advice on issues related to the compensation of NEOs and other executive compensation-related matters. FW Cook takes direction from, and is solely responsible to, the Compensation Committee, and does not provide services to the Company’s management. A representative from FW Cook attended all Compensation Committee meetings, either in person or virtually, consulted with and advised the Compensation Committee members on executive compensation, including the structure and amounts of various pay elements, and developed executive benchmarking data. The Compensation Committee is also aided in its deliberations by in-house and external legal counsel.   76 2024 Proxy Statement The Compensation Committee annually reviews the performance of its compensation advisers and considers the following factors when assessing the independence of FW Cook in accordance with NYSE standards: • Services provided to the Company management outside the services provided to the Compensation Committee • Fees paid as a percentage of FW Cook’s total revenue • Policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest • Any business or personal relationships between members of the Compensation Committee and FW Cook • Company share ownership by employees of FW Cook • Any business or personal relationships between the Company and FW Cook After reviewing the performance and independence of its consultant, the Compensation Committee determined FW Cook was independent auditor. based on the standards above. Employment and Termination Agreements The Audit Committee alsoCompany, through wholly-owned operating subsidiaries, has responsibility for pre-approving the retentionentered into an employment agreement with each of the independent auditorNEOs. The employment agreements continue for an indefinite period of time until terminated in accordance with the terms of such agreements. The terms of the employment agreements with Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs terminated upon the termination of their employment with the Company. Mr. Jacobs’ employment was terminated without cause under the terms of his employment agreement and he was paid the severance to which he was contractually entitled upon a termination of employment without cause pursuant to the terms of his employment agreement. The following is a summary of the material terms of those agreements as in effect in 2023. Compensation and Benefits The NEOs earn an annual base salary and may earn annual short-term incentives, determined as a percentage of base salary, and may be awarded long-term incentive grants. In addition, the NEOs may participate in the Company’s other long-term plans, including the U.S. Deferred Compensation Plan, the employee stock purchase plan, the Registered Retirement Savings Plan and the 401(k) plan, as applicable. For a discussion of the compensation earned by or awarded to the NEOs in 2023, see pages 40–44. The NEOs are eligible to participate in the Company’s group benefit plans available to employees generally. Confidentiality, Non-Solicitation and Non-Competition Pursuant to their respective employment agreements, the NEOs are prohibited at all audit and non-audit servicestimes from disclosing confidential information related to the independent auditorCompany. Each NEO, with the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, is permittedsubject to provideprovisions prohibiting his or her solicitation of the Company’s employees for 12 months following termination for any reason. Ms. Fandozzi’s prohibitions extend for a period of 24 months following termination. Each NEO, with the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, is also subject to provisions prohibiting competition with the Company during the term of his or her employment and approvefor a period of 12 months following termination for any reason. Ms. Fandozzi is prohibited from competing against the feesCompany in Canada and the United States for a period of 24 months following termination. Termination for Cause With the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, the Company may terminate the employment of the NEOs, for “cause,” as defined in the employment agreements, at any time after providing the executive with at least 30 days’ notice of such proposed termination and allowing the executive 15 days to remedy the alleged defect. The Company could have terminated the employment of Ms. Fandozzi with at least 10 days’ notice in certain circumstances. The employment agreements with the NEOs state that no STI or bonus payment will be payable to such NEO in the event of his or her termination for cause. In the event of termination for cause, sign-on stock options granted to the terminated NEO will be cancelled as of the date of his or her termination, and the NEO will have 30 days from the date of his or her termination to exercise any stock options that have vested prior to his or her termination, subject to the terms and conditions of the applicable Equity Plans and the applicable option agreements. Under the Company’s Equity Plans, unvested stock options expire immediately upon termination for cause. A terminated NEO’s rights with respect to PSUs and RSUs held are determined in accordance with the applicable PSU and RSU grant agreements and the terms and conditions of the applicable Equity Plan (as defined below). In the case of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, all PPOs will be canceled on the notice of termination date and all unvested PSUs will be cancelled on the termination date.   77 2024 Proxy Statement Termination Without Cause or Voluntary Termination for Good Reason (including disability or death) In the event that a NEO’s employment is terminated without cause, each as defined in the employment agreements, subject to the executive’s execution and non-revocation of a general release of claims in favor of the Company, such NEO will be entitled to or, in the case of Ms. Fandozzi or Mr. Jacobs, was entitled to: • for Ms. Fandozzi, two years’ base salary, plus two years’ target STI bonus; • for Ms. Cash, 12 month’s base salary and 12 months’ target STI bonus; • for Mr. Jeter, six months’ base salary and six months’ target STI bonus, plus an additional one month’s base salary and 12% of the target STI per year of service up to a maximum of one year’s target STI bonus. • for Mr. Watt, six months’ base salary and STI at target, plus an additional one month’s base salary and target STI per year of service up to a maximum of 18 months’ base salary and target STI. • with the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, Ms. Cash, Mr. Jeter and Mr. Watt, 18 month’s base salary and 18 month’s target STI bonus; • a pro rata STI bonus for the year of termination, up to and including the NEO’s last day of active employment with the Company, based on actual performance; • with the exception of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, immediate accelerated vesting of all unvested stock options; the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PPOs will, in the case of termination due to disability, continue to vest in accordance with the original vesting schedule and the holder will have three years to exercise vested stock options, and, in all other cases, a pro-rated percentage of the unvested PPOs will vest immediately based on the percentage of the vesting period that preceded the date of termination. The remaining unvested PPOs will be cancelled. The NEO will have 90 days (or longer in certain cases) to exercise vested stock options; • pro-rated vesting of PSU and RSU awards based on the portion of performance period worked, payable at the same time as active employees and will be based on actual rTSR performance, provided, in the case of termination due to disability, the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PSUs will not be pro-rated and will continue to vest; and • continued extended health and dental benefits coverage under existing cost sharing arrangements (or the cash equivalent) for up to one year after termination of his or her employment or the date on which he or she begins new full-time employment. In the case of a termination of a NEO as a result of the disability or death of the NEO, certain RSU, PSU and stock option awards may be subject to different treatment. See the relevant descriptions in “Stock Option Plan” on page 87 and “Performance Share Unit Plans” on page 89. Under the terms of the employment agreements with the NEOs, NEOs may terminate their respective employment with the Company for “good reason,” as defined in the employment agreements, and, in the event of good reason, will receive pay and benefits as if terminated by the Company without cause, and the termination will be regarded as a termination without cause for purposes of the Company’s Equity Plans. Under the employment agreements, NEOs may terminate their employment for good reason by delivery of written notice, including the basis for such services,good reason, to the Company within 60 days’ after the occurrence of good reason. Termination for good reason will be effective 30 days after delivery in the event the Company fails or is unable to cure such good reason within that period. Resignation Under the terms of the employment agreements with the NEOs, NEOs may resign by providing three months’ written notice to the Company to that effect. If a NEO provides the Company with notice of resignation, the Company may waive such notice, in whole or in part, in which case the Company will pay the NEO his or her base salary for only the amount of time remaining in that notice period and such NEO’s employment will terminate on the earlier date specified by the Company without any further compensation. The employment agreements with the NEOs state that no short-term incentive or bonus payment will be payable to a NEO in the event of his or her resignation. In the event of resignation, all unvested stock options held by the resigning NEO will be immediately cancelled on the termination date and such NEO will have 90 days from such date to exercise any vested stock options. Under the Company’s Stock Option Plan, unvested stock options granted on or after February 24, 2009 to a NEO are immediately cancelled. Under the Equity Plans, in the event of resignation of a participant other than by retirement in accordance with the normal retirement policy of the Company (or its affiliates), RSUs and PSUs that have not vested prior to the last day of active employment will not vest and shall be forfeited and cancelled without payment.   78 2024 Proxy Statement Retirement The employment agreements with the NEOs provide that in the event of retirement, which, for such purpose, means retirement in accordance with the normal retirement policy of the Company (or its affiliates) when the participant is not less than 55 years of age: • with the exception of Ms. Cash, Mr. Jeter and Mr. Watt, the Company will pay a pro-rated STI bonus, at target, for the year of termination, up to and including the last day of active employment, to such NEOs; • with the exception of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, all unvested stock options will continue to vest according to their initial grant schedules and will remain exercisable up to the earlier of the original grant expiry date and the third anniversary of the date of retirement; • with the exception of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, RSUs and PSUs will continue to vest and be paid in accordance with the original grant schedule applicable thereto; and • in the case of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, NEOs age 60 and over with at least five years of service and subject to a six-month minimum service provision after the grant date, (1) immediate accelerated vesting of all unvested PPOs as of the retirement date, with the NEO given one year from the date of termination to exercise such stock options and (2) pro-rated vesting of PSUs based on the portion of performance period worked, payable at the same time as active employees based on actual rTSR performance. In the case of the stock options and the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PPOs, if the NEO takes on any de minimis non-audit services allowed bysubstitute paid employment before the applicable lawexpiry date, the stock options and PPOs will expire on the date when such NEO takes on such paid employment or regulation. engagement. Change of Control The AuditCompensation Committee is requiredbelieves that change of control arrangements are necessary to pre-approve all non-audit related services performedattract and retain the talent necessary for the Company’s long-term success. The Company has entered into change of control agreements with the NEOs with the exception of Ms. Cash (the “Change of Control Agreements”). For purposes of the Change of Control Agreements, a “change of control” means: • the acquisition or accumulation of beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Company’s voting shares by a person or a group of persons acting jointly or in concert; • a person, or a group of persons acting jointly or in concert, holding at least 25% of the Company’s voting shares and being able to change the composition of the Board by having their nominees elected as a majority of the Board; • the arm’s length sale, transfer, liquidation or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, over a period of one year or less, in any manner whatsoever and whether in one transaction or in a series of transactions or by plan of arrangement; or • a reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale or other disposition of substantially all the assets of the Company, unless the Company beneficially owns all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries following such event. The Change of Control Agreements provide for payment and accelerated vesting on a “double-trigger” basis, which requires a change of control and either (i) termination by the auditors. Company without cause upon a change of control or within two years following a change of control; or (ii) termination by the NEO for good reason upon a change of control or within one year following a change of control. Following a double-trigger event, each NEO will be entitled to, or in the case of Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs, was entitled to, a lump-sum cash amount equal to the aggregate of: • in the case of Ms. Fandozzi, two times annual base salary, two times the STI bonus at target, plus a pro rata STI bonus at target for year of termination and two times the annual premium cost that would be incurred by the Company to continue to provide her all health, dental and life insurance benefits provided immediately before her termination; • In the case of all other NEOs with the exception of Ms. Cash, one and one-half times annual base salary, one and one-half times the STI bonus at target plus a pro rata STI bonus at target for year of termination, and one and one-half times the annual premium cost that would be incurred by the Company to continue to provide to them all health, dental and life insurance benefits provided immediately before their termination.   79 2024 Proxy Statement Each of the NEOs is entitled, following a double-trigger event, to: • accelerated vesting of RSU and PSU awards; and • immediate vesting of all unvested stock options, with a 90-day post-termination exercise period. The Audit Committee’s pre-approval policy outlinesemployment agreements with the proceduresNEOs provide that, notwithstanding provisions to the contrary in plan documents, any accelerated vesting of annual LTI awards upon a change of control, as defined in the Change of Control Agreements, requires both a change of control and the conditionstermination of employment without “cause” or for “good reason,” each as defined in the respective employment agreements. In the case of all NEOs, the Change of Control Agreements provide that no such payments will be made unless the NEO signs within 60 days and does not revoke a full and general release of any and all claims against the Company, affiliates, and past and then current officers, directors, owners, managers, members, agents and employees. Indemnity Agreements The Company has entered into indemnity agreements with each NEO pursuant to which permissible services proposedthe Company agrees to be performed byindemnify each NEO in connection with claims or proceedings involving the auditors are pre-approved, providesofficer (by reason of serving as a general pre-approval for certain permissible services and outlines a list of prohibited services. For 2021 and 2022, all of the services related to amounts billed by the Company’s external accountants were pre-approved by the Audit Committee. Recommendation of the board The Board recommends a vote “FOR” the appointment of Ernst & Young LLP (United States) as the Company’s auditor until the next annual meetingdirector or officer of the Company andor its subsidiaries), as provided in the authorization of the Auditagreement. Compensation Committee of the Board to fix the auditor’s remuneration.Report Report of the audit committee To the Shareholders of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated: The AuditCompensation Committee has reviewed and discussed with management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis and, based on that review and discussion, has recommended to the Company’s independent auditorsBoard of Directors that the audited consolidated financial statementsCompensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement and incorporated by reference into the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The Audit Committee has discussed2023, as filed with the independent registered public accountants the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirementsU.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2024. Compensation Committee Michael Sieger (Chair) Carol M. Stephenson   80 2024 Proxy Statement EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION TABLES Summary Compensation Table A summary of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) and the SEC and considered the compatibility of non-audit services with the auditors’ independence. In addition, the Audit Committee discussed the matters requiredcompensation paid to be discussed by the Auditing Standard No. 1301. The Audit Committee also has received the written disclosures and the letter from the independent accountant required by applicable requirementsour NEOs for each of the PCAOB regarding the independent accountant’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence2021 2022 and has also discussed with the independent accountant the accountant’s independence. Based2023 fiscal years is set forth below. Additional information on the review and discussions, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the audited financial statements be included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for filing with the SEC. Audit Committeecomponents of the Board Robert Elton, Chair Adam DeWitt Sarah Raisstotal compensation package, including a discussion of the proportion of each element to total compensation, is discussed under “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” starting on page 54.  Name and Principal Position Year   Salary1 ($) Bonus2 ($) Stock Awards3 ($) Option Awards4 ($) Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation5 ($)  All Other Compensation6 ($) Total ($) James Kessler7 2023 781,250 — 10,212,124 2,943,875 1,816,875 174,201 15,928,325 Chief Executive Officer 2022 575,000 — 916,000 838,710 1,086,106 109,052 3,524,868 2021 516,667 — 1,184,596 1,125,019 524,051 70,359 3,420,692 Ann Fandozzi8 2023 528,409 — — — — 263,957 792,366 Former Chief Executive Officer 2022 900,000 — 2,442,665 2,236,556 2,124,990 215,756 7,919,967 2021 900,000 — 4,264,545 4,050,020 1,017,782 149,383 10,381,730 Megan Cash9,11,12 2023 338,640 99,307 206,445 — 376,446 14,734 1,035,572 Principal Finance and Accounting Officer 2022 — — — — — — — 2021 — — — — — — — Eric Jacobs10 2023 337,595 — — — — 4,235,844 4,573,439 Former Chief Financial Officer 2022 329,150 250,000 5,382,709 1,919,033 1,086,106 32,518 8,999,516 2021 — — — — — — — Baron Concors 2023 535,000 — 1,745,426 503,143 786,600 80,155 3,650,324 Chief Product Information Officer 2022 415,000 — 550,927 504,442 509,525 64,967 2,044,861 2021 400,000 — 1,052,974 1,000,015 235,221 36,459 2,724,669 Jeff Jeter 2023 525,000 50,490 884,629 255,000 1,252,500 45,857 3,013,476 Chief Revenue Officer 2022 — — — — — — — 2021 — — — — — — — Darren Watt 11 2023 401,840   552,943 159,375 498,754 41,581 1,654,493 Chief Legal Officer 2022 — — — — — — — 2021 — — — — — — — Carmen Thiede 2023 513,750 — 1,264,476 364,500 738,720 62,769 2,944,215 Chief Transformation Officer 2022 435,000 — 440,113 419,390 616,247 62,846 1,973,596 2021 420,000 — 552,811 525,018 246,982 56,986 1,801,798   81 2024 Proxy Statement 1. Amounts reported reflect the base salary earned by the NEOs. Base salary for Ms. Cash includes a stipend of $71,440 paid in 2023 for the period she was Principal Finance and Accounting Officer. 2. In 2023, Ms. Cash and Mr. Jeter were paid bonuses of $99,307 and $50,490, respectively, upon completion of the IAA acquisition. Amounts paid under the Company’s 2023 STI and Adjusted 2023 STI are reported in the “Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation” column. 3. The dollar amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of PSUs and RSUs granted during each of the years presented, measured in accordance with ASC 718 utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, without considering estimated forfeitures. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT   49 With respect to PSUs, the grant date fair value determined in accordance with ASC 718 is based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions on the grant date, which was deemed to be 100% of target. Assuming the highest level of performance is achieved, which would result in vesting at 200% of target, except for Mr. Jacobs 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, for which maximum achievement is 300% of target, the aggregate grant date fair value of the share awards set forth in the Summary Compensation Table would be: Table of Contents PROPOSAL THREE: ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Named Executive Officer 2023 ($) 2022 ($) 2021 ($) James Kessler 14,536,478 1,831,999 2,991,287 Ann Fandozzi — 4,885,331 10,768,634 Megan Cash — — — Eric Jacobs — 11,784,432 — Baron Concors 2,484,500 1,101,854 2,658,922 Jeff Jeter 1,259,228 — — Darren Watt 787,088 — — Carmen Thiede 1,799,922 880,226 1,977,574 Overview The Board of Directors believes thatdividend equivalents attributable to PSUs and RSUs are deemed “reinvested” in PSUs or RSUs, as applicable, and will only be distributed upon the Company’s operating success and shareholder value depend on the abilityvesting, if any, of the Company’s leadership. Accordingly, our executive compensation program is designed to provide a competitive levelPSUs or RSUs under the terms of compensation necessary to:the respective plans. 4. The dollar amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of stock option awards granted during each of the years presented. The grant date fair value of a stock option award is calculated in accordance with ASC 718 utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, without considering estimated forfeitures. For a discussion of specific stock option awards granted during 2023, see “2023 Grants of Plan-Based Awards” and the narrative discussion that follows. 5. Reflects amounts earned under the Company’s STI in the relevant year, regardless of whether paid in the following year. 6. Reflects compensation in 2023 to: • attract and retain the talent needed to leadMr. Kessler representing a strategic transformation to growcar allowance ($15,000), the Company’s business;matching contribution to the ESPP ($240), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($127,666) and RSUs ($26,796). • incent executives and key employees to achieveMs. Fandozzi representing a car allowance ($8,750), the Company’s goals, including long-term earnings growthmatching contribution to the ESPP ($1,500), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500), PTO payout upon termination ($50,835) and sustained value creation; anddividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($198,372). • create commonality of interests among management,Ms. Cash representing the Company’s shareholdersmatching contribution to the ESPP ($428), the Company’s matching contribution to the RRSP plan ($3,401) and other stakeholders.dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($8,707) and RSUs ($2,197). In accordance with Section 14A • Mr. Jacobs representing a car allowance ($8,750), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($958) the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500), PTO payout upon termination ($32,260), and severance ($4,037,674 comprised of 18 months of base pay, 18 months of STI at target, a pro-rata 2023 STI payment at target, and a payment for unvested sign-on PSUs valued as of his departure date)) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($151,702). • Mr. Concors representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($692), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($55,383) and RSUs ($4,580). • Mr. Jeter representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($1,125), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($22,910) and RSUs ($2,321). • Mr. Watt representing a car allowance ($18,139), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($1,109), the Company’s matching contribution to the RRSP plan ($3,401) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($17,481) and RSUs ($1,451). • Ms. Thiede representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($988), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($38,964) and RSUs ($3,318). 7. Mr. Kessler became CEO on August 1, 2023. Prior to his promotion to CEO, Kessler served as our President and Chief Operating Officer. 8. Ms. Fandozzi's last day as an employee of the Company was July 31, 2023. 9. Ms. Cash became Principal Finance and Accounting Officer on August 2, 2023. 10. Mr. Jacobs joined the Company on June 6, 2022 and left the Company on August 1, 2023. 11. Ms. Cash and Mr. Watt are paid in Canadian dollars. Amounts reported are converted based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.7411 as of December 31, 2023. 12. Ms. Cash’s STI is based on her base salary and the stipend she earned in 2023 and includes the stipend paid in 2024 of $37,055, for services provided in 2023.   82 2024 Proxy Statement 2023 Grants of the Exchange Act and Section 951Plan-Based Awards The following table provides information related to grants of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the following resolution, commonly known as a “Say on Pay” proposal, gives our shareholders the opportunityplan-based awards to vote to approve or not approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation of our Named Executive Officers (“NEOs”). This vote is not intended to address any specific item of compensation, but rather the overall compensation of our NEOs and our compensation philosophy, policies and practices, as disclosed induring the “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” beginning on page 66. Shareholders are currently given an opportunity to cast an advisory vote on this topic annually, with the next shareholder advisory vote after the meeting expected to occur at the 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. While this vote is advisory in nature and therefore not binding on us, or our directors, we value the opinions of all our shareholders and will carefully consider the outcome of this vote when making future compensation decisions for our NEOs. We encourage our shareholders to read the “Compensation Discussion and Analysis”, which explains specifically how, what and why we pay our executives, and will equip shareholders to cast an informed vote. Our Board believes that our compensation program appropriately links executive pay to achievement of corporate goals, properly aligns management and shareholder interests, and is fair, reasonable and competitive relative to market practice. We therefore recommend that shareholders vote in favor of the following resolution: “RESOLVED, that the compensation paid to the Named Executive Officers, as disclosed in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the Executive Compensation Tables and the accompanying narrative discussion in the proxy statement of the Company, dated April 7, 2023 is hereby approved.” Recommendation of the board The Board recommends a vote “FOR” the adoption of the above resolution indicating approval of the compensation of the Company’s NEOs.fiscal year.     Estimated Possible Payouts Under Non- Equity Incentive Plan Awards1 Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards2 All Other Stock Awards: Number of Shares of Stock or Stock Units All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards2                           Name   Grant Date Threshold   ($) Target   ($) Maximum   ($) Threshold   (#) Target   (#) Maximum   (#)   (#)   (#)   ($/Share)   ($) James Kessler   531,250 1,062,500 2,125,000               08-Aug-233       50,768 101,356 202,712       7,268,239 08-Aug-234             50,678     2,943,885 08-Aug-235               166,981 58.09 2,943,875 Ann Fandozzi   562,500 1,125,000 2,250,000               Megan Cash   78,125 156,520 312,500               31-May-234             3,964     206,445 Eric Jacobs   287,500 575,000 1,150,000               Baron Concors   230,000 460,000 920,000               08-Aug-233       8,662 17,323 34,646       1,242,250 08-Aug-234             8,662     503,176 08-Aug-235               28,539 58.09 503,143 Jeff Jeter   375,000 750,000 1,500,000               08-Aug-233       4,390 8,780 17,560       629,614 08-Aug-234             4,390     255,015 08-Aug-235               14,464 58.09 255,000 Darren Watt   148,750 297,500 595,000               08-Aug-233       2,744 5,488 10,796       393,544 08-Aug-234             2,744     159,399 08-Aug-235               9,040 58.09 159,375 Carmen Thiede   216,000 432,000 864,000               08-Aug-233       6,275 12,550 25,100       899,961 08-Aug-234             6,275     364,515 08-Aug-235       1,106 2,211 4,422   20,675 58.09 364,500 501. Represents the possible payout under 2023 PROXY STATEMENT STI and Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI. For amounts actually paid under these awards, see “— Summary Compensation Table” on page 81. Table2. Represents the grant date fair value of Contents stock and option awards calculated in accordance with the guidance in ASC 718, utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, without taking into account estimated forfeitures. With respect to PSUs, the estimate of the grant date fair value determined in accordance with ASC 718 is based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions on the grant date, which was deemed to be 100% of target. 3. Represents PSUs granted in 2023 under the 2023 Share Incentive Plan. 4. Represents RSUs granted in 2023 under the 2023 Share Incentive Plan. 5. Represents stock options granted in 2023 under the 2023 Share Incentive Plan. 6. Ms. Cash and Mr. Watt are paid in Canadian dollars. Amounts reported for Ms. Cash and Mr. Watt are converted based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.7411 as of December 31, 2023.   83 2024 Proxy Statement PROPOSAL FOUR: APPROVAL OF THE SHARE INCENTIVE PLAN2023 Share Incentive Plan We have long had in effect share-based incentive plans that have allowed us to grant employees, officers, non-employee directors and other key persons various types of equity-based awards. These programs reflect the Board’s belief that encouraging share ownership serves to attract, retain and motivate these individuals by providing a direct financial interest in our continued success. The Board also believes that equity-based compensation closely aligns employees’ interests with those of our shareholders and provides a strong incentive to remain in our service. On April 3, 2023, the Board adopted the Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers IncorporatedCompany’s 2023 Share Incentive Plan (the “2023 Plan”Plan,” together with the Stock Option Plan, the IAA Plan, the IronPlanet Stock Plans, the PSU Plans, the RSU Plans and the ESPP, the “Equity Plans”), subject permits the Company to shareholder approval. A copy of the 2023 Plan is attached as Appendix Bgrant to this Proxy Statementeligible persons stock options, share appreciation rights, RSUs, restricted share awards, unrestricted share awards, cash-based awards, and is incorporated herein by reference. The following description of the 2023 Plan is qualified in its entirety by referencedividend equivalent rights. Up to Appendix B. We are asking you to approve the 2023 Plan. If the 2023 Plan is approved by shareholders, we will have 9,355,000 Common Shares available for issuance thereunder. No additional grants have been or willmay be made under the Company’s Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan, as amended, Amended and Restated Senior Executive Restricted Share Unit Plan, as amended, Amended and Restated Employee Restricted Share Unit Plan, as amended, Senior Executive Performance Share Unit Plan, as amended, and Employee Performance Share Unit Plan, as amended (collectively, the “Prior Plans”) after March 31, 2023. Rationale forissued pursuant to the 2023 Plan Plan. The number of Common Shares issuable to “insiders” at any time and issued to insiders in any one-year period pursuant to our 2023 Plan is critical to our ongoing effort to continue to build shareholder value. Our employees are our most valued resource and we have significantly expanded our employee population with the acquisition of IAA. Equity incentive awards are an important component of our executive and non-executive employees’ compensation. Our Compensation Committee and the Board believe that we must continue to offer a competitive equityany other securities-based compensation program in order to attract, retain and motivate the talented and qualified employees necessary for our continued growth and success. We manage our long-term shareholder dilution by limiting the number of equity incentive awards granted annually. The Compensation Committee carefully monitors our annual net share usage, total dilution and equity expense in order to maximize shareholder value by granting only the number of equity incentive awards that it believes are necessary and appropriate to attract, reward and retain our employees. Our compensation philosophy reflects broad-based eligibility for equity incentive awards for high performing employees. By doing so, we link the interests of those employees with those of our shareholders and motivate our employees to act as ownersarrangement cannot exceed 10% of the business. Overview issued and outstanding shares. The 2023 Plan provides usflexibility regarding the terms of individual grants. The August 2023 grants to the NEOs were made in accordance with the flexibility to develop and deliver a long-term equity incentive program that is competitive, attracts and retains key talent, and meetsCompany’s current and evolving compensation practices. Additionally, the 2023 Plan contains key features to protect the interests of our shareholders,Stock Option Policy, which include the following:provides that: • No “Evergreen.” The maximum numberthe exercise price of each option will be equal to the closing price of the Company’s Common Shares to be issued underon the 2023 Plan is 9,355,000; there is no annual increase inNYSE on the numberdate of shares available for issuance under the 2023 Plan.grant; • No Dividends Paidvesting of options will occur over three years from the date of grant, with 1/3 vesting on Unvested Awards for All Equity Award Types. Undereach of the 2023 Plan, no dividends or dividend equivalents are paid on any unvested awards. Dividends on unvested restricted share awards granted underfirst three anniversaries of the 2023 Plan will not be paid when declared, but instead will accruegrant date; and not be paid unless and until the restricted share award vests. Dividend equivalent rights granted as a component of an award of restricted share units may be paid only if and when the related award vests. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 51 Table of Contents • No Liberal Share Recycling. Under the 2023 Plan, Common Shares (i) withheld or delivered to satisfy the exercise price or tax obligations with respect to the exercise of stock options or the settlement of an award, and (ii) subject to share appreciation rights not issued in connection with the share appreciation right are not added back to the number of Common Shares available for grant under the 2023 Plan. In addition, upon the exercise of a share appreciation right that is settled in Common Shares, the full number of shares underlying the award will be charged to the reserved pool and Common Shares repurchased on the open market are not added to the number of Common Shares reserved under the 2023 Plan. • Minimum Vesting Periods. Minimum vesting periods are generally required for all awards under the 2023 Plan. • No Discount Stock Options or Share Appreciation Rights. The exercise price of stock options and share appreciation rights must equal at least 100% of the fair market value of the underlying Common Shares onexpire ten years after the date of grant, subject to a provision of the Stock Option Plan that provides, subject to certain limited exceptions. • No “Liberal” Change in Control Definition. The change in control definition inexceptions, that if the 2023 Plan is not “liberal” and, for example, would not occur merely upon shareholder approvaltenth anniversary of the grant falls within, or within five business days after the end of, a transaction. A change in control must actually occur in order for“blackout period”, the change in control provisions in the 2023 Plan todate will be triggered. • No Repricing Without Shareholder Approval. Without shareholder approval, the exercise price of stock options and share appreciation rights will not be reduced and stock options and share appreciation rights will not be otherwise repriced through cancellation and re-grant or cancellation in exchange for cash or other awards or otherwise. • No Dividend Equivalent Rights on Stock Options or Stock Appreciation Rights. Under the 2023 Plan, no dividend equivalent rights may be granted with respect to stock options or share appreciation rights. • Shareholder Approval Required for All Material Amendments. Any material amendmentextended to the 2023 Plan is subject to approval by our shareholders. Determination of the Number of Shares Subject to the 2023 Plan  As of March 31, 2023, we had 181,788,431 Common Shares issued and outstanding. The market value of one of our Common Shares on the New York Stock Exchange on March 31, 2023, as determined by reference to the closing sale price, was $56.29. In setting and recommending to shareholders the number of Common Shares reserved under the 2023 Plan, the Board considered a number of factors including, among others: • Prior Plan equity awards. The following table sets forthfifth business day after the numberend of stock options (“Options”) and restricted share units (“RSUs”) granted in each of the last three fiscal years under the Prior Plans. In addition, the table provides the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding in the year indicated. No other equity-based awards were granted during these periods: Year   Number of Options Granted     Number of RSUs Granted   Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding 2022   830,004     127,736   110,781,282 2021   1,775,320     207,923   110,315,782 2020   822,626     202,019   109,054,493 • Three-Year Average Burn Rate. Our three-year average burn rate (2020-2022) of approximately 1.36% is lower than the ISS industry category burn rate threshold of 2.08%. Burn rate is defined as the number of Common Shares subject to Options and RSUs granted in a year divided by the weighted average Common Shares outstanding for that year. In accordance with the policies of certain institutional investors, our full-value equity awards are subject to a multiplier of 2.0 for purposes of calculating the burn rate;such blackout period. 52 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents • Plan Duration. The 2023 Plan is expected to cover awards for approximately three years based on historical grant practices and the recent trading price of our Common Shares; and • Potential dilution or “overhang.” The Board also considered the potential dilution or “overhang” that would result from adopting the 2023 Plan, including the policies of certain institutional investors and major proxy advisory firms. Total overhang is calculated as all outstanding awards plus remaining Common Shares available for grant, divided by total Common Shares outstanding plus all outstanding awards and remaining Common Shares available for grant.Eligibility The following table sets forth certain information as of March 31, 2023, unless otherwise noted, with respect to our equity compensation plans:   Outstanding Dilution Stock Options/Share Appreciation Rights (“SARs”) Outstanding 3,948,411 2.2% Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Stock Options/SARs $59.39   Weighted-Average Remaining Term of Outstanding Stock Options/SARs 6.04   Total Share-Settled Full-Value Awards Outstanding 899,139 0.5% Proposed Common Shares reserve under the 2023 Plan 9,355,000 5.1% Basic Common Shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023 181,788,883 7.8% • If the 2023 Plan is approved at the Meeting, we do not intend to use the 5,316,767 Common Shares that were available under our Prior Plans as of March 31, 2023. Shares Subject to the 2023 Plan We have reserved 9,355,000 Common Shares (representing approximately 5.15% of Common Shares issued and outstanding as of April 5, 2023) for awards under the 2023 Plan. The Common Shares underlying any awards that are forfeited, canceled, cash-settled or otherwise terminated, other than by exercise, under the 2023 Plan will be added back to the Common Shares available for issuance under the 2023 Plan. In addition, • substitute awards that are granted in assumption of, or in substitution or exchange for, awards previously granted by a company that we acquire or with which we combine, will not reduce or increase the Common Shares available under the 2023 Plan; • Common Shares tendered or withheld to satisfy the exercise price or tax withholding obligations upon exercise of a stock option or share appreciation right granted under the 2023 Plan will not be added to the number of Common Shares reserved under the 2023 Plan; and • the 2023 Plan requires the Compensation Committee to make appropriate or proportionate adjustments to the number of Common Shares that are subject to the 2023 Plan, to certain limits in the 2023 Plan, and to any outstanding awards to reflect share dividends, share splits, reverse share splits, extraordinary cash dividends and similar events. No more than 9,355,000 Common Shares may be issued under the 2023 Plan in the form of incentive stock options. The maximum number of Common Shares issuable to “insiders,” as defined in the 2023 Plan, pursuant to awards under the 2023 Plan and any other share-based compensation arrangement adopted by the Company is 10% of the Common Shares outstanding from time to time. The maximum number of Common Shares that may be issued to insiders pursuant to awards under the 2023 Plan and any other share-based compensation arrangement adopted by the Company within a one-year period is 10% of the Common Shares outstanding from time to time. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 53 Table of Contents Summary of the 2023 Plan Plan Administration The 2023 Plan is administered by the Board or the Compensation Committee. The administrator of the 2023 Plan has full power to select, from among the individuals eligible for awards, the individuals to whom awards will be granted, to make any combination of awards to participants, and to determine the specific terms and conditions of each award, subject to the provisions of the 2023 Plan. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may delegate to a committee consisting of one or more of our officers, including our CEO, the authority to grant awards to employees who are not subject to the reporting and other provisions of Section 16 of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and not members of the delegated committee, subject to certain limitations and guidelines. Eligibility Persons eligible to participate in the 2023 Plan are those officers and other employees, non-employee directors and consultants of the Company and its affiliates as selected from time to time by the administrator of the 2023 Plan in its discretion. As of March 31, 2023, 9,947 individuals would have been eligible to participate in the 2023 Plan had it been in effect, which includes six executive officers, 9,624 employees who are not executive officers, 11 non-employee directors and 306 consultants. Types of Awards Types of Awards Stock OptionsOptions. . The 2023 Plan permits the granting of (i) options to purchase Common Shares intended to qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “IRC”), and (ii) options that do not so qualify. Options granted under the 2023 Plan will be non-qualified options if they fail to qualify as incentive stock options or exceed the annual limit on incentive stock options. Incentive stock options may only be granted to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. Non-qualified options may be granted to any persons eligible to receive incentive stock options and to non-employee directors and consultants. To qualify as incentive stock options, options must meet additional federal tax requirements, including a $100,000 limit on the value of shares subject to incentive stock options that first become exercisable by a participant in any one calendar year. The term of each stock option will be fixed by the administrator of the 2023 Plan and may not exceed ten years from the date of grant. The 2023 Plan provides that any option intended to be an incentive stock option that is granted to an optionee who owns more than 10% of our Common Shares must have a term of no more than five years from the date of grant. The exercise price of each stock option will be determined by the Compensation Committee, but may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the Common Shares on the date of grant (110% in the case of an incentive stock option granted to an optionee who owns more than 10% of our Common Shares), except in compliance with applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules and in the limited circumstances of (i) stock options granted pursuant to a transaction described in and in a manner consistent with Section 424(a) of the IRC, (ii) stock options granted to individuals not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant or (iii) if the stock option is otherwise compliant with Section 409A of the IRC. The 2023 Plan defines “fair market value” by reference to the closing price of our Common Shares on the date of grant on The New York Stock Exchangethe NYSE or the Toronto Stock Exchange,TSX, whichever exchange has the majority of trading volume at such time. Upon exercise of a stock option, the option exercise price must be paid in full either in cash, by certified or bank check or other instrument acceptable to the administrator of the 2023 Plan or by delivery (or attestation to the ownership) of Common Shares that are not then subject to any restrictions under any Company plan. Subject to applicable law, the exercise price may also be delivered to us by a broker pursuant to irrevocable instructions to the broker from the optionee. In addition, non-qualified options may be exercised using a net exercise feature, which reduces the number of Common Shares issued to the optionee by the number of Common Shares with an aggregate fair market value equal to the aggregate exercise price of the exercised stock options. 54 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents The administrator of the 2023 Plan will determine at what time or times each option may be exercised. Options may be made exercisable in installments. In general, unless otherwise permitted by the administrator of the 2023 Plan, no option granted under the 2023 Plan is transferable by the optionee other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and options may be exercised during the optionee’s lifetime only by the optionee, or by the optionee’s legal representative or guardian in the case of the optionee’s incapacity.   84 2024 Proxy Statement Share Appreciation Rights.Rights. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may award share appreciation rights subject to such conditions and restrictions as the Compensation Committee may determine. Share appreciation rights entitle the recipient to Common Shares (or cash, to the extent explicitly provided for in the applicable award certificate) equal to the value of the appreciation in the share price over the exercise price. The exercise price may not be less than the fair market value of the Common Shares on the date of grant, except in compliance with applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules and in the limited circumstances of (i) share appreciation rights granted pursuant to a transaction described in and in a manner consistent with Section 424(a) of the IRC, (ii) share appreciation rights granted to individuals not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant or (iii) if the share appreciation right is otherwise compliant with Section 409A of the IRC. The maximum term of a share appreciation right is ten years. Restricted Shares. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may award Common Shares to participants subject to such conditions and restrictions as the administrator of the 2023 Plan may determine. These conditions and restrictions may include the achievement of pre-established performance goals and/or continued employment or other service relationship through a specified restricted period. During the vesting period, restricted share awards may be credited with dividends but dividends payable with respect to a restricted share award, including regular cash dividends, shall not be paid unless and until the awards vest. Restricted Share UnitsUnits.. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may award restricted share units to any participants. Restricted share units are ultimately payable in the form of Common Shares (or cash to the extent explicitly provided for in the relevant award certificate) and may be subject to such conditions and restrictions as the administrator of the 2023 Plan may determine. These conditions and restrictions may include the achievement of pre-established performance goals and/or continued employment or service relationship with us through a specified vesting period. In the administrator of the 2023 Plan’s sole discretion, it may permit a participant to make an advance election to receive a portion of his or her future cash compensation otherwise due in the form of a restricted share unit award, subject to the participant’s compliance with the procedures established by the administrator of the 2023 Plan and requirements of Section 409A of the IRC. Unrestricted Share AwardsAwards.. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may also grant (or sell at par value or such higher price as determined by the administrator of the 2023 Plan) Common Shares that are free from any restrictions under the 2023 Plan. Unrestricted shares may be granted to any participant in recognition of past services or other valid consideration and may be issued in lieu of cash compensation due to such participant. Dividend Equivalent RightsRights.. The Compensation Committee may grant dividend equivalent rights, which entitle the recipient to receive credits for dividends that would be paid if the recipient had held specified Common Shares. Dividend equivalent rights may be granted as a component of an award of restricted share units or as a freestanding award and will be paid only if the related award becomes vested (in the case of dividend equivalent rights that are granted as a component of an award). Dividend equivalent rights may be settled in cash, Common Shares or a combination of cash and Common Shares, in a single installment or installments, as specified in the award. No options or share appreciation rights will provide for the payment or accrual of dividend equivalent rights. Cash-Based AwardsAwards.. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may grant cash bonuses under the 2023 Plan to participants. The cash bonuses may be subject to the achievement of pre-established performance goals. Minimum Vesting Condition Minimum Vesting Condition The minimum vesting period for each equity award granted under the 2023 Plan must be at least one year, provided (i) that up to 5% of the Common Shares authorized for issuance under the 2023 Plan may be utilized for unrestricted 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 55 Table of Contents share awards or other equity awards with a minimum vesting period of less than one year and (ii) annual awards to non-employee directors that occur in connection with our annual meeting of shareholders may vest on the date of our next annual meeting of shareholders that is at least 50 weeks after the immediately preceding year’s annual meeting. In addition, the administrator of the 2023 Plan may grant equity awards that vest within one year (a) if such awards are granted as substitute awards in replacement of other awards (or awards previously granted by an entity being acquired (or assets of which are being acquired)) that were scheduled to vest within one year or (b) if such awards are being granted in lieu of fully vested cash compensation. Prohibition on Repricing Other than as permitted under the 2023 Plan to appropriately reflect changes in our capital structure or in connection with a change in control, without shareholder approval, the administrator of the 2023 Plan is prohibited from reducing the exercise price of outstanding stock options or share appreciation rights, effecting repricing through cancelling and re- granting or cancelling stock options or share appreciation rights in exchange Rights on Termination of Employment The award certificate for cash or othereach grant, except grants of cash-based awards, or taking any action with respect to a stock option or share appreciation rightwhich will not be evidenced by an award certificate, will set forth the effect that would be treated as a repricing under New York Stock Exchange rules and Toronto Stock Exchange rules.the award holder’s termination of employment will have on such award. Change in Control Provisions Change in Control Provisions The 2023 Plan provides that upon the effectiveness of a “sale event,” as defined in the 2023 Plan, all awards under the 2023 Plan will automatically terminate unless the parties to the sale event agree that such awards will be assumed, continued or substituted by the successor entity; provided however, except as may be otherwise provided in the relevant award certificate, that all awards with time-based vesting conditions or restrictions that are not vested and/or exercisable immediately prior to    85 2024 Proxy Statement the effective time of the sale event shall become fully vested and exercisable or nonforfeitable, and all awards with conditions and restrictions relating to performance goals may become vested and exercisable or nonforfeitable in connection with a sale event in the administrator of the 2023 Plan’s discretion or to the extent specified in the relevant award certificate. In the event of such termination, we will have the option (in our sole discretion) to make or provide for the payment, in cash or in kind, to the participants holding stock options and share appreciation rights, an amount equal to the difference between the sale price multiplied by the number of Common Shares subject to outstanding stock options and share appreciation rights and the aggregate exercise price of all such outstanding stock options and share appreciation rights, or each participant will be permitted, within a specified period of time prior to the consummation of the sale event, to exercise all outstanding stock options and share appreciation rights (to the extent then exercisable) held by such participant. We will also have the option (in our sole discretion) to make or provide for a payment, in cash or in kind, to the participants holding other awards in an amount equal to the sale price multiplied by the number of vested Common Shares under such awards. Equitable Adjustments The 2023 Plan requires the administrator of the 2023 Plan to make appropriate adjustments to the number of Common Shares that are subject to the 2023 Plan, to certain limits in the 2023 Plan, and to any outstanding awards under the 2023 Plan to reflect any reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, share dividend, share split, reverse share split or other similar event. Clawback Awards under the 2023 Plan will be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or recoupment to the extent necessary to comply with (i) any clawback, forfeiture or similar policy that we may have in effect from time to time and (ii) applicable law. Tax Withholding Participants in the 2023 Plan are responsible for the payment of any federal, state or local taxes that we are required by law to withhold upon the exercise of stock options or share appreciation rights or vesting of other awards. The 56 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Amendments and Termination Table of Contents administrator of the 2023 Plan may require our tax withholding obligations to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by withholding Common Shares to be issued pursuant to any award. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may also require our tax withholding obligation to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by an arrangement whereby a certain number of Common Shares issued pursuant to any award are immediately sold and proceeds from such sale are remitted to us in an amount that would satisfy the withholding amount due. Amendments and Termination The Board may at any time amend, alter or discontinue the 2023 Plan and the administrator of the 2023 Plan may at any time amend any outstanding award, provided that no such amendment, modification, change, suspension or termination of the 2023 Plan or any awards granted hereunder may materially impair any rights of a grantee or materially increase any obligations of a grantee under the 2023 Plan without the consent of the grantee, unless the Board determines such adjustment is required or desirable in order to comply with any applicable securities laws or stock exchange requirements. Awards are only transferable under certain circumstances as prescribed by the 2023 Plan, which includes transfers to certain family members. Shareholder approval will be required for amendments to the 2023 Plan with respect to (i) any increase in the maximum number of Common Shares that may be issued pursuant to awards granted under the 2023 Plan; (ii) any reduction in the exercise price of outstanding stock options or share appreciation rights or to effect repricing through cancellation and re-grants or cancellation of stock options or share appreciation rights in exchange for cash or other awards or take any other action with respect to a stock option or share appreciation right that would be treated as a repricing under the rules and regulations of any stock exchange on which the shares are listed; (iii) any amendment that extends the term of an award beyond the original expiry date; (iv) if at any time, the 2023 Plan is amended to exclude participation by non-employee directors, any amendment to the 2023 Plan that may permit the introduction or reintroduction of non-employee directors on a discretionary basis; (v) any amendment that increases limits previously imposed on non-employee directors; (vi) any amendment that would permit equity based awards granted under the 2023 Plan to be transferable or assignable other than for normal estate settlement purposes and for transfers amongst certain family members as provided for under the 2023 Plan; (vii) any amendment to increase the maximum limit of the number of securities that may be issued to insiders under the 2023 Plan or other security-based compensation arrangement of the CompanyCompany; (viii) adding provisions relating to a cashless exercise (other than a surrender of options for cash) which does not provide for a full deduction of the underlying Common Shares from the maximum number reserved under the 2023 Plan; and (ix) any amendment to the amending provisions of the 2023 Plan. Subject to the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Company’s shares are then listed and applicable law, no shareholder approval will be required for: (i) amendments to avoid any additional tax on grantees under Section 409A of the IRC or other applicable tax laws or regulations; (ii) amendments of a “housekeeping nature”; (iii) changes to the vesting or exercise provisions or other restrictions applicable to any award, award certificate or the 2023 Plan not inconsistent with the amendment provisions of the 2023 Plan; (iv) changes to the provisions of the 2023 Plan relating to the expiration of awards prior to their respective expiration dates upon the occurrence of certain specified events determined by the Board; and (v) the cancellation of an award under the 2023 Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent required under the rules of any securities exchange or market system on which the Common Shares are listed, or to the extent determined by the administrator of the 2023 Plan to be required to ensure that incentive stock options granted under the 2023 Plan are qualified, amendments shall be subject to approval by Company shareholders. Effective Date   86 2024 Proxy Statement Stock Option Plan The Board approvedCompany’s Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan (the “Stock Option Plan”) permits the Company to grant to eligible persons options that are exercisable to purchase Common Shares at a specified exercise price. Upon adoption of the 2023 Plan, on April 3,the Company froze the Stock Option Plan and, as such, will no longer be granting any additional awards under the Stock Option Plan. A total of 2,854,366 options to acquire an aggregate of 2,854,366 Common Shares pursuant to the Stock Option Plan remain outstanding. The Stock Option Plan provides flexibility regarding the terms of individual grants. Grants to the NEOs prior to 2023 were made in accordance with the Company’s current Stock Option Policy, which provides that: • the exercise price of each option will be equal to the closing price of the Company’s Common Shares on the NYSE on the date of grant; • vesting of options will occur over three years from the date of grant, with 1/3 vesting on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date; and • options will expire ten years after the date of grant, subject to a provision of the Stock Option Plan that provides, subject to certain exceptions, that if the tenth anniversary of the grant falls within, or within five business days after the end of, a “blackout period”, the date will be extended to the fifth business day after the end of such blackout period. The circumstances under which an option will be exercisable in the event that the optionee ceases to be employed or to provide services to the Company or one of its subsidiaries are set forth in the option agreement, which may be waived or modified by the Compensation Committee at any time. The Stock Option Policy provides for the following terms, unless otherwise determined by the Compensation Committee, and such terms were incorporated into grants prior to 2023 to NEOs: • in the case of termination without cause, excluding voluntary termination, immediate vesting of all unvested options, and the optionee has 90 days from the date on which the optionee ceases to be employed by the Company to exercise all options; • in the case of voluntary termination, other than retirement, immediate cancellation of all unvested options, and the optionee has 90 days to exercise vested options; • in the case of retirement, all unvested options continue to vest after retirement in accordance with the existing vesting schedule for those particular options and all options expire on the earlier of three years from the date of retirement and the option 10-year expiry date, provided if the participant takes on any substitute paid employment or engagement before the third anniversary, the options will expire on the date when such participant takes on such paid employment or engagement; • in the case of death, all unvested options vest immediately, and the optionee’s legal representative has 365 days from the date of death to exercise the options if the optionee’s employment or eligibility ceases by reason of his or her death or if the optionee dies prior to the expiration of the periods described in the three bullet points above; or • in the case of termination with cause, all options expire immediately upon termination. The Compensation Committee may incorporate into any option agreement terms which will, notwithstanding the 2023time specified in such option agreement for the exercise of the option granted thereunder, allow the optionee to elect to purchase all or any of the Common Shares then subject to such option if the Compensation Committee in its discretion determines to permit the optionee to exercise the option in respect of such shares; provided, that the Stock Option Plan will become effectiveimposes restrictions on the dateacceleration of vesting of options in connection with a change of control. The Stock Option Policy prohibits the granting of options during a blackout period. In addition, it prohibits the granting of options to our non-executive directors. With respect to continuing employees that are to receive options, the Company’s policy is approved by shareholders.to make such grants annually, as of the fifth business day following the release of the Company’s results for the most recently completed fiscal year. The stock option portion of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards granted to the NEOs were awarded under the Stock Option Plan.   87 2024 Proxy Statement IAA 2019 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan Pursuant to the acquisition of incentive stock options may beIAA in 2023, the Company assumed all outstanding unvested equity awards granted under the 2023IAA 2019 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan until April 3, 2033. No(the “IAA Plan”). By the terms of the merger agreement, the IAA equity awards maywere automatically converted into options and RSUs covering an aggregate of 554,106 Common Shares. Otherwise, the IAA equity awards continued to be governed by the IAA Plan on the same terms and conditions (including vesting and vesting acceleration provisions) as applicable prior to the effective time of the merger. The Company does not intend to make any additional awards under the IAA Plan. The terms and vesting of IAA equity awards granted under the 2023IAA Plan afterare fixed by the date that isplan administrator in connection with the grant of each IAA equity award and set forth in each award agreement. IronPlanet Stock Plans Pursuant to the acquisition of IronPlanet in 2017, the Company assumed all outstanding unvested stock options (the “IronPlanet Options”) granted under the IronPlanet, Inc. 1999 Stock Plan (the “1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan”) and IronPlanet Holdings, Inc. 2015 Stock Plan (the “2015 IronPlanet Stock Plan”, and together with the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan, the “IronPlanet Stock Plans”). By the terms of the merger agreement and the stock option assumption notice provided to IronPlanet Option holders, the IronPlanet Options were automatically converted into options to acquire an aggregate of 737,358 Common Shares, with exercise prices per Common Share adjusted to give effect to the merger. Otherwise, the IronPlanet Options continued to be governed by the respective IronPlanet Stock Plans on the same terms and conditions (including vesting and vesting acceleration provisions) as applicable prior to the effective time of the merger. The Company does not intend to make any additional awards under the IronPlanet Stock Plans. The terms and vesting of IronPlanet Options granted under the IronPlanet Stock Plans are fixed by the respective plan administrator in connection with the grant of each IronPlanet Option and set forth in each option agreement. Nonetheless, the option term may not exceed (i) 10 years from the grant date or (ii) such shorter term as may be provided in the option agreement. The circumstances under which an IronPlanet Option will be exercisable in the event that the optionee ceases to be employed or to provide services to the Company or one of shareholder approval.its subsidiaries or affiliates are, (i) under the 2015 IronPlanet Stock Plan, set forth in the option agreement, which provisions may be waived or modified by the Board or Compensation Committee at any time, and (ii) under the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan, as follows, unless otherwise determined by the Board or any of its committees: • in the case of termination of employment or service other than as provided below, the optionee has up to three months after the date of such termination (but in no event later than the expiration date of such IronPlanet Option) to exercise the IronPlanet Option; 2023 PROXY STATEMENT • 57in the case of termination of employment or service as a result of such optionee’s total and permanent disability, the optionee may exercise the IronPlanet Option within 12 months from the date of termination, or as a result of such optionee’s certain other types of disability, the optionee may exercise the IronPlanet Options under the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan within six months from the date of termination (but in no event later than the expiration date of such IronPlanet Option); or Table • in the case of Contents death of the optionee during the term of employment or service or within 30 days following termination of employment or service, the IronPlanet Option may be exercised at any time within 12 months following the date of death (but in no event later than the expiration date of such IronPlanet Option). New Plan Benefits Because the grant of awardsThe IronPlanet Stock Plans’ respective administrator may at any time offer to buy out for a payment in cash or Common Shares any IronPlanet Option previously granted under the 2023IronPlanet Stock Plans on such terms and conditions as such administrator will establish and communicate to the optionee at the time that such offer is made. In the event of certain change of control transactions (i) under the 2015 IronPlanet Stock Plan, is withineach outstanding IronPlanet Option will be treated as the discretionadministrator determines and the administrator need not treat all outstanding IronPlanet Options (or portions thereof) in an identical manner, and (ii) under the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan, each outstanding IronPlanet Option will be assumed or an equivalent option or right will be substituted by the successor corporation or a parent or subsidiary of such successor corporation, unless such successor corporation does not agree to assume the outstanding IronPlanet Options or to substitute equivalent options, in which case such IronPlanet Options will terminate upon the consummation of the administratortransaction.   88 2024 Proxy Statement Performance Share Unit Plans The Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Executive PSU Plan (the “Executive PSU Plan”) and Amended and Restated Employee PSU Plan (the “Employee PSU Plan” and, together with the Executive PSU Plan, the “PSU Plans”) permit the Company to grant PSUs to employees. A PSU is an award under which the recipient is eligible to earn a payment during an applicable performance period based upon the performance of the Company against certain criteria during and at the end of such performance period. The PSUs, following vesting, entitle the participant to receive, at the election of the Compensation Committee or the Board, either cash or Common Shares, net of applicable withholding taxes. The amount of the payment to be made is calculated based on the number of vested PSUs multiplied by the fair market value of one Common Share as at the date of vesting, based on the volume weighted average price of a Common Share reported by the NYSE for the 20 trading days prior to the date of vesting. Upon adoption of the 2023 Plan, we cannot determine the dollarCompany froze the PSU Plans and, as such, will not be granting any additional awards under the PSU Plans. A total of 428,894 outstanding PSUs to acquire an aggregate of 428,894 Common Shares pursuant to the PSU Plans remain outstanding. If the Compensation Committee or the Board determines to satisfy the payment in Common Shares, the amount of the payment, net of applicable withholding taxes, will either be satisfied by the issuance of Common Shares to the participant or by making open market purchases of Common Shares on behalf of the participant, as determined by the Compensation Committee or the Board, subject to certain restrictions including that vested PSUs held by our NEOs may not be satisfied through open market purchased Common Shares. No more than 500,000 Common Shares will be purchased in the open market under the PSU Plans. The PSU Plans provide the Compensation Committee and the Board with significant discretion regarding the vesting terms and criteria for PSUs, including the waiver of any vesting restrictions. Additional PSUs are credited on PSUs held by participants corresponding to dividends declared on the Common Shares. Unless the Board or Compensation Committee otherwise determines, in the event of termination of a participant’s employment by the Company or an affiliate: • without cause, including following the incapacity of the participant, the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of PSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest, on a prorated basis to reflect the portion of the vesting period during which the participant was employed; • for cause, unvested PSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • as a result of voluntary resignation by the participant (other than retirement), unvested PSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • as a result of retirement of the participant (when the participant is at least 55 years old), the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of PSUs recorded in the participant’s PSU account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest; and • upon the death of a participant, the beneficiary or legal representatives of the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of PSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the date of death that vest thereafter, which payment shall be settled in shares, net of applicable tax withholding or shall be payable by a lump sum cash payment, net of applicable tax withholding. For participants in the Executive PSU Plan, if a participant’s employment with the Company or a subsidiary of the Company is terminated (i) by the Company or subsidiary, other than for cause, upon a change of control or within two years following a change of control or (ii) by the participant for good reason, as defined in the Executive PSU Plan, upon a change of control or within one year following a change of control, then all PSUs recorded in the participant’s PSU account as at the date of termination shall vest, and the participant will be entitled to receive a cash payment in respect of all vested PSUs, net of all applicable tax withholdings, within 30 days of the date of termination. For purposes of the Executive PSU Plan, a “change of control”, unless otherwise defined in the applicable grant agreement or grant letter, means the occurrence of any one of the following events: • a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, acquiring or accumulating beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Common Shares; • a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, holding or beneficially owning at least 25% of the Common Shares and being able to change the composition of the Board by having the person’s or group of persons’ nominees elected as a majority of the Board; or • the arm’s length sale, transfer, liquidation or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, over a period of one year or less, in any manner whatsoever. The PSU portion of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards granted to the NEOs was awarded under the Executive PSU Plan.   89 2024 Proxy Statement Restricted Share Unit Plans The Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Executive RSU Plan (the “Senior Executive RSU Plan”) and Amended and Restated Employee RSU Plan (the “Employee RSU Plan” and, together with the Senior Executive RSU Plan, the “RSU Plans”) permit the Company to grant RSUs to employees. Upon adoption of the 2023 Plan, the Company froze the RSU Plans and, as such, will not be granting any additional awards under the RSU Plans. A total of 32,711 outstanding RSUs to acquire an aggregate of 32,711 Common Shares pursuant to the RSU Plans remain outstanding. An RSU is an award under which the recipient is eligible to earn a cash payment or a specified number of our Common Shares following an applicable vesting period based. The RSUs, following vesting, entitle the participant to: (i) a specified amount of cash, net of all applicable withholding taxes; (ii) a payment that, net of all applicable withholding taxes, will be satisfied by the issuance of Common Shares; or (iii) a payment that, net of all applicable withholding taxes, will be applied to open market purchases of Common Shares on behalf of participants; provided that this method of settlement is not available for certain of our officers and directors. The payment to be received, or applied to the purchase or issuance of Common Shares, is based on the number of vested RSUs multiplied by the fair market value orof one Common Share as at the date of vesting. The maximum number of Common Shares that willmay be issued or delivered pursuant to open market purchases under the RSU Plans is 800,000. Unless the Board or Compensation Committee otherwise determines, in the future be receivedevent of termination of a participant’s employment by the Company or allocated to anyan affiliate: • without cause, including following the incapacity of the participant, the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of RSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest, on a prorated basis to reflect the portion of the vesting period during which the participant was employed; • for cause, unvested RSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • as a result of voluntary resignation by the participant (other than retirement), unvested RSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • as a result of retirement of the participant (when the participant is at least 55 years old), the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of RSUs recorded in the participant’s RSU account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest; and • upon the death of a participant, the beneficiary or legal representatives of the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of RSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the date of death that vest thereafter, which payment shall be settled in shares, net of applicable tax withholding or shall be payable by a lump sum cash payment, net of applicable tax withholding. For participants in the 2023 Plan. U.S. Federal Tax Consequences UnderSenior Executive RSU Plan, if a participant’s employment with the 2023 Plan The following isCompany or a summarysubsidiary of the principal U.S. federal income tax consequences of certain transactions under the 2023 Plan. It does not describe all U.S. federal tax consequences under the 2023 Plan, nor does it describe non-U.S., state or local tax consequences. Incentive Stock Options. No taxable incomeCompany is generally realizedterminated (i) by the optioneeCompany or subsidiary, other than for cause, upon the granta change of control or exercise of an incentive stock option. However, the exercise of an incentive stock option will give rise to an item of tax preference that may result in alternative minimum tax liability for the optionee. If Common Shares issued to an optionee pursuant to the exercise of an incentive stock option are sold or transferred afterwithin two years fromfollowing a change of control or (ii) by the participant for good reason, as defined in the Senior Executive RSU Plan, upon a change of control or within one year following a change of control, then all RSUs recorded in the participant’s RSU account as at the date of granttermination shall vest, and after one year from the date of exercise, then (i) upon the sale of such shares, any amount realized in excess of the exercise price (the amount paid for the shares) will be taxed to the optionee as a long-term capital gain, and any loss sustained will be a long-term capital loss, and (ii) we will not be entitled to any deduction for federal income tax purposes. If Common Shares acquired upon the exercise of an incentive stock option are disposed of prior to the expiration of the two-year and one-year holding periods described above (a “disqualifying disposition”), generally (i) the optionee will realize ordinary income in the year of disposition in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the fair market value of the Common Shares at exercise (or, if less, the amount realized on a sale of such Common Shares) over the exercise price thereof, and (ii) weparticipant will be entitled to deduct such amount. Special rules apply wherereceive a cash payment in respect of all or a portionvested RSUs, net of the exercise priceall applicable tax withholdings, within 30 days of the incentive stock option is paid by tendering Common Shares. If an incentive stock option is exercised at a time when it no longer qualifies for the tax treatment described above, the option is treated as a non-qualified option. Generally, an incentive stock option will not be eligible for the tax treatment described above if it is exercised more than three months following termination of employment (or one year in the case of termination of employment by reason of disability). In the case of termination of employment by reason of death, the post-termination exercise period limits described above do not apply. Non-Qualified Stock Options. No income is realized by the optionee at the time a non-qualified stock option is granted. Generally (i) at exercise, ordinary income is realized by the optionee in an amount equal to the difference between the exercise price and the fair market value of the Common Shares on the date of exercise, and we receive a tax deduction for the same amount, and (ii) at disposition, the appreciation or depreciation between the date of exercise and the date of disposition is treated as either short-term or long-term capital gain or loss depending on how long the Common Shares have been held. Special rules apply where all or a portiontermination. For purposes of the exercise priceSenior Executive RSU Plan, a “change of control”, unless otherwise defined in the non-qualified stock option is paid by tendering Common Shares. Upon exercise, the optionee will also be subject to Social Security taxes on the excess of the fair market value over the exercise price of the option. Other Awards. We generally will be entitled to a tax deduction in connection with other awards under the 2023 Plan in an amount equal to the ordinary income realized by the participant at the time the participant recognizes such income. Participants typically are subject to income tax and recognize such tax at the time that an award is exercised, vests, is settledapplicable grant agreement or becomes non-forfeitable, unless the award provides for a further deferral. Parachute Payments. The vesting of any portion of an option or other award that is accelerated due togrant letter, means the occurrence of a change in control (such as a sale event) may cause a portionany one of the payments with respect to such accelerated awards to be treated as “parachute payments” as defined in the IRC. Any such parachute payments may be non-deductible to us, in whole or in part, and may subject the recipient to a non-deductible 20% federal excise tax on all or a portion of such payment (in addition to other taxes ordinarily payable). 58 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Shareholder Approval and Board Recommendationfollowing events: At the Meeting, shareholders will be asked to consider and, if deemed advisable, to pass, with or without variation, the following ordinary resolution approving the 2023 Plan: “BE IT RESOLVED, as an ordinary resolution of shareholders of the Company that: 1.• The Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated 2023 Share Incentive Plan is hereby approved.a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, acquiring or accumulating beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Common Shares; 2.• Any onea person or more directorsgroup of persons acting jointly or officersin concert, holding or beneficially owning at least 25% of the Common Shares and being able to change the composition of the Board by having the person’s or group of persons’ nominees elected as a majority of the Board; or • the arm’s length sale, transfer, liquidation or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, are hereby authorized and directed, for and on behalfover a period of the Company, to executeone year or cause to be executed, under the seal of the Company or otherwise, and to deliver or to cause to be delivered, all such other documents and to do or to cause to be done all such other acts and things asless, in such person’s or persons’ opinion may be necessary or desirable in order to carry out the intent of the foregoing resolutions and to give effect to the Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated 2023 Share Incentive Plan, such determination to be conclusively evidenced by the execution and delivery of such document or the doing of such act or thing by such person or persons.” The Board recommends a vote “FOR” the ordinary resolution approving the 2023 Plan. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 59any manner whatsoever. Table of Contents  90 2024 Proxy Statement Employee Stock Purchase Plan PROPOSAL FIVE: APPROVAL OF THE EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN Overview On April 3, 2023, the Board adopted the Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated 2023The Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”(“ESPP”), subject to shareholder approval. A copy of was approved by the ESPP is attached as Appendix C to this Proxy StatementCompany's shareholders in May 2023, and is incorporated herein by reference. The following description of the ESPP is qualified in its entirety by reference to Appendix C. We are asking you to approve the ESPP. Purpose We believe that the adoption of the ESPP will benefit us by providing employees with a continuing opportunity to acquire Common Shares, which gives employees a stake in our growth, and will enable us to attract, retain and motivate valued employees. Material Terms of the ESPP The following is a brief summary of certain provisions of the ESPP. The ESPP includes two components: an IRC Section 423 Component (the “423 Component”) and a non-IRC Section 423 Component (the “Non-423 Component”). It is our intention that the 423 Component qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” under Section 423 of the IRC. Under the Non-423 Component, which does not qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” within the meaning of Section 423 of the IRC, rights will be granted pursuant to rules adopted by the administrator of the ESPP designed to achieve tax, securities laws or other objectives for eligible employees. Common Shares SubjectSimple Design – Compensation plans should be easy to understand and communicate, and minimize unintended consequences.   60 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Elements Compensation structure The 2023 compensation structure is market competitive, with each pay element targeted at or near the market median and includes the following pay elements: ELEMENT  PURPOSE PERFORMANCE PERIOD PERFORMANCE MEASURES PAYOUT Base Salary Market-competitive base salary reflects contribution, background, knowledge, experience and performance — — — STI Annual cash incentive based on achievement of Company financial and strategic goals One Year January 1, 2023 December 31, 2023 Agency Proceeds, Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income, OFCF and IAA Adjusted EBITDA 0% – 200% PSUs Align leadership with long-term Company goals and shareholder interests Three-Years January 1, 2023 December 31, 2025 Earnings CAGR and Relative TSR 0% – 200% RSUs Align leadership with shareholder interest in long-term share price Three-Year Ratable Vesting Share Price — Stock Options Align leadership with shareholder interest in long-term share price appreciation Three-Year Ratable Vesting 10-Year Term Absolute Share Price Appreciation — Perquisites and other compensation We provide perquisites and other compensation to our NEOs consistent with market practices. The following perquisites and other compensation were provided in 2023: Car Allowance – NEOs are eligible to receive an annual car allowance. In addition, NEOs are eligible to use driver services provided by the Company in accordance with Company policies. Financial Counseling – NEOs are eligible to receive tax preparation and compliance services, subject to an annual limit, when they are required to work outside of their country of residence. These services allow our NEOs to focus on Company business and ensure accurate personal tax reporting. Executive Well-being – The health and wellness of our workforce is a priority, and all of our employees are encouraged to complete an annual physical. NEOs are eligible to receive a comprehensive wellness examination with an approved provider. These wellness visits promote employee well-being and enable employees to take appropriate steps in the event of illness or a medical condition that may impact their ability to perform their duties.   61 2024 Proxy Statement 2023 Target compensation Our target total direct compensation for each NEO in 2023 was as follows:           LTI Targets                     Name Base Salary ($) STI Target (%) STI Target ($) Target Total Cash Compensation ($) PSUs1 ($) RSUs1 ($) Stock Options ($) Target Total Direct Compensation ($)3 James Kessler 850,000 125% 1,062,500 1,912,500 5,886,250 2,943,125 2,943,125 13,685,000 Ann Fandozzi 900,000 125% 1,125,000 2,025,000 – – – 2,025,000 Megan Cash2 260,867 60% 156,520 417,387 – 206,445 – 623,832 Eric Jacobs 575,000 100% 575,000 1,150,000 – – – 1,150,000 Baron Concors 575,000 80% 460,000 1,035,000 1,006,250 503,125 503,125 3,047,500 Jeff Jeter 600,000 125% 750,000 1,350,000 1,425,000 712,500 712,500 4,200,000 Darren Watt2 416,671 70% 291,670 708,340 312,503 156,252 156,252 1,333,347 Carmen Thiede 540,000 80% 432,000 972,000 729,000 364,500 364,500 2,430,000 1. The number of PSUs and RSUs awarded is determined by using the target PSU value divided by the NYSE closing market price on the grant date. 2. Ms. Cash and Mr. Watt are paid in Canadian dollars. Amounts reported are converted based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.7411 for 2023. 3. Executive compensation was thoroughly reviewed in 2023. Changes to executive compensation were made following a benchmarking exercise. Included in this exercise was the development of a peer group that was built to reflect the sizable increase in company size (fiscally and demographically), and an independent review by our compensation consultant, FW Cook. Executive compensation shown above generally aligns with market benchmark medians, except for Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs, who were no longer with the company at the time the adjustments were made. Performance Measures How we set performance targets The Compensation Committee approves the performance measures for the STI and LTI annually. The Compensation Committee reviews recommendations from management, receives input from its independent compensation consultant, evaluates the annual budget and mid-term business plan, and reviews prior year performance to approve value-creating goals tied to long-term shareholder value. 2023 STI performance measures STI performance measures are linked to the ESPP. AnCompany’s annual financial goals and strategic goals that drive our long-term strategy. The Compensation Committee annually reviews and approves STI performance measures that align with shareholders’ interests. STI awards, if any, are determined based on final Company financial performance and the Compensation Committee’s assessment of performance against objective, pre-established targets. The 2023 STI targets were aligned to the Board-approved budget for the year. Changes were made to the 2023 STI to reflect the acquisition of IAA and consider the time of the year the transaction was completed. NEOs with cross-organizational responsibilities were aligned with this updated plan (Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI), including metrics and weightings in order to align behaviors and drive performance on a combined-entity basis. The named executive officers had the following STI Plan alignment for 2023: Name STI Plan ($) James Kessler Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Ann Fandozzi Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Megan Cash 2023 STI Eric Jacobs Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Baron Concors Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Jeff Jeter 2023 STI Darren Watt Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Carmen Thiede Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI   62 2024 Proxy Statement The table below describes each STI performance measure for the 2023 STI and Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI, including its weighting, its target, and the leadership behavior each measure drives. 2023 STI STI Performance Measure1 Weight Target Leadership Behaviors Agency Proceeds ($M) 33% $1,127.0 Focus on revenue and driving growth Operating Free Cash Flow ($M) 33% $128.0 Focus on driving strong cash flow to invest in the business Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income 34% $422.0 Focus on performance that emphasizes cost management and supports the Company’s strategic goals 1. Agency Proceeds, OFCF and Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income are non-GAAP measures. For a description of these non-GAAP measures, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI STI Performance Measure1 Weight Target Leadership Behaviors Agency Proceeds ($M) 25% $1,127.0 Focus on revenue and driving growth Operating Free Cash Flow ($M) 25% $128.0 Focus on driving strong cash flow to invest in the business Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income 25% $422.0 Focus on performance that emphasizes cost management and supports the Company’s strategic goals IAA Adjusted EBITDA 25% $594.0 Focus on enterprise results 1. Agency Proceeds, OFCF, Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income and IAA Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures. For a description of these non-GAAP measures, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. The potential payouts for each Company performance measure range from 0% to 200% of target based on actual Company performance. The payout for threshold performance is discussed on page 65; performance below threshold results in no payout. Final STI awards are calculated as follows: 2023–2025 LTI performance measures Grants made under the LTI are intended to link the financial interests of NEOs with the long-term interests of shareholders. When determining grant amounts, the Compensation Committee considers factors such as individual responsibilities, experience, and performance. In addition, the Compensation Committee factors relevant market compensation comparison data and input provided by its independent compensation consultant. LTI awards are 50% in the form of PSUs, 25% in the form of RSUs and 25% in the form of stock options. PSUs, to the extent earned, cliff-vest following a three-year performance period, while RSUs and stock options vest ratably over three years. In 2023, the performance metrics for the PSUs were equally weighted between Earnings CAGR and rTSR, and both measures are subject to performance caps. The PSU performance measures promote the efficient use of capital for long-term growth in shareholder value with an increased focus on earnings growth and cash generation. The table below describes each PSU performance measure — its weighting, the leadership behavior each measure drives, and its payout. Performance Measure Weight Leadership Behaviors Payout Earnings CAGR 50% Focus on earnings growth, while being held accountable for successful execution of strategic objectives Below Threshold (0%) — Less than 10% Threshold (50%) — 10% Target (100%) — 14% Maximum (200%) — 18% or greater rTSR1 50% Focus on relative market performance of peers Below Threshold (less than 25th percentile) — 0% Threshold (50%) — 25th percentile Target (100%) — 50th percentile Maximum (200%) — 75th percentile 1. If absolute TSR performance is negative, payout for this metric is capped at 100%.   63 2024 Proxy Statement The 2023–2025 PSUs, to the extent earned, will vest following the completion of the three-year performance period beginning January 1, 2023, and may be earned at a level between 0% and 200% of target. Final PSU awards are calculated as follows:   The Company focused on Earnings CAGR and rTSR with respect to the 2023 awards to support our strategic goals and align performance with our shareholders. We continue to prioritize and focus on accelerating growth while achieving strong, profitable growth with solid return on investment. Summary of Outstanding Performance Awards Each PSU award features a three-year performance period resulting in overlapping awards that, in aggregate, cover a four-year period. The table below illustrates the performance period for the four PSU awards that include 2023 in the performance period, and the corresponding performance measures and weights. The number of 3,000,000 Common Shares (representing approximately 1.65% of Common Shares issued and outstanding as of April 5, 2023)shares earned, if any, for each PSU award will be reservedmeasured and available for issuance underdetermined at the ESPP. If our capital structure changes becauseend of a share dividend, share split or similar event, the numberperformance period. Award Performance Period Performance Measures & Weighting Potential Payouts Vest Date 2021 – 2023 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2023 50% Earnings CAGR 50% Cumulative OFCF per share1 0 – 200% February 25, 2024 2021 – 20242 1 August 2021 to 31 July 2024 Company’s relative TSR compared to the TSR of the S&P 500 index members as of the date of grant 0 – 300% August 11, 2024 2022 – 2024 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2024 50% Earnings CAGR 50% Cumulative OFCF per share 0 – 200% March 14, 2025 2023 – 2025 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2025 50% Earnings CAGR 50% rTSR compared to the Russell 3000 index members as of the date of grant 0 – 200% March 14, 2026 1. OFCF per Share is a non-GAAP measure. For a description of OFCF per Share, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. 2. The 2021-2024 Awards reflect the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards. See “Special Equity Awards” on page 65. Performance Results and Compensation Decisions 2023 STI results The payout of Common Shares that can be issued under the ESPP will be appropriately adjusted. Plan Administration.2023 STI awards was calculated based on the Company’s achievement of Agency Proceeds, OFCF and Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income performance measures. Target goals were set in consideration of the prior year results. The ESPP will be administeredCompany also delivered other strong 2023 financial results and key business highlights. The payout of the Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI awards was calculated based on the Company’s 2023 STI performance measures and the added IAA-focused metric. Target goals were set in consideration of the prior year results and to incorporate IAA results.   64 2024 Proxy Statement Final 2023 STI and Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance, as determined and approved by the Compensation Committee, is displayed below. 2023 STI Measure Weight Threshold Target Maximum Performance Result1 Agency Proceeds ($M) 33% $1,014 $1,127 $1,240 $1,173 OFCF ($M) 33% $115 $128 $141 $202 Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income ($M) 34% $379 $422 $464 $447 Performance Payout         167% of Target Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Measure Weight Threshold Target Maximum Performance Result1 Agency Proceeds ($M) 25% $1,014 $1,127 $1,240 $1,173 OFCF ($M) 25% $115 $128 $141 $202 Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income ($M) 25% $379 $422 $464 $447 IAA Adjusted EBITDA ($M) 25% $535 $594 $653 $643 Performance Payout         171% of Target 2021-2023 LTI results The 2021-2023 PSUs will vest on February 24, 2024, based on Company performance for the three-year performance period beginning January 1, 2021 against pre-established objective performance targets for Earnings CAGR and OFCF per share. Final LTI performance, as determined and approved by the Compensation Committee is displayed below.     Percentile   LTI Measure Weight Threshold Target Maximum Performance Result1 Earnings CAGR 50% 6% 10% Greater than 14% 13.9% OFCF per share 50% $6.58 $7.10 Greater than $7.64 $8.71 Performance Payout         198% of Target 2021 Special Equity Awards In 2021, to recognize that RB Global was in the midst of major transformational change being led by a new senior management team, the Compensation Committee considered a variety of potential compensation alternatives to further motivate and accelerate the execution of the strategic transformation and create strong alignment between management and shareholders. In August 2021, the Compensation Committee approved the 100% performance-based one-time Special Transformation Incentive Awards that require significant shareholder value creation as measured by both absolute and relative stock price performance before any payout is achieved. It does this via a combination of premium priced stock options (“PPOs”) and PSUs. The program also supports retention of the RB Global executive team, many of whom were newly tenured and thus had limited unvested Company share holdings. The grant value was approximately equal to the current annual LTI grant value for each participant. In June 2022, the Compensation Committee approved 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards to our new CFO at that time, Mr. Jacobs. Half of the grant date fair value is in the form of PPOs that cliff vest on August 12, 2024, the three-year anniversary of the grant date (with certain exceptions, no interim vesting) with a 6-year maximum option term to ameliorate overhang relative to typical ten-year option terms. PPOs were granted with three premium exercise prices equal to $80, $90 and $100, which will have full authorityrepresented appreciation from the grant date of approximately 35%, 52% and 69%, respectively. Attainment of these prices would result in an increase to make, administerthe market capitalization from the grant date of $2.3 billion at an $80 share price, $3.4 billion at $90 and interpret such rules and regulations regarding$4.5 billion at $100. 1. In determining actual 2023 STI and 2021-2023 LTI corporate performance against the above-mentioned targets, and the resulting payouts, the Compensation Committee made certain adjustments to the Company’s operating results to eliminate the impact of certain nonrecurring and extraordinary items including: (1) adjustments to all results for the difference in actual versus planned foreign currency rates used to determine the targets, and (2) adjustments to OFCF to remove the impact of costs directly related to the acquisition of IAA, which were not budgeted and therefore not captured in the target.   65 2024 Proxy Statement The other half of the ESPP as it deems advisable. No Common Shares shallaward is in the form of PSUs that may be purchased underearned at the ESPP on behalfend of a participantthree-year performance period ending on August 11, 2024. The performance required is challenging and awards are forfeited in their entirety if togetherrTSR is below the median of the S&P 500 index members as of the date of grant. Earned PSUs, if any, will vest on August 11, 2024 and must be held for 12 months after the three-year performance period. No dividend equivalents are awarded on the PSUs, meaning that the award is focused solely on share price appreciation in support of our commitment to the creation of sustainable shareholder value. The percentage of PSUs that will vest at the end of the three-year vesting period will be determined in accordance with the following definitions and targets. Performance Factor rTSR Performance Targets1 % of Target PSUs Earned The Company’s rTSR over the Performance Period compared to the TSR over the Performance Period of S&P 500 index members as of the date of grant Below 50th percentile 0% At or Above 50th percentile 50% At or Above 62.5th percentile 100% At or Above 75th percentile 150% At or Above 87.5th percentile 200% 99th percentile and above 300% 1.   rTSR achievement will be interpolated between levels.     66 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for James Kessler Chief Executive Officer – August 1 through December 31, 2023 The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant: Base Salary – Base salary was increased from $575,000 to $850,000 upon his promotion to Chief Executive Officer in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $781,250. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Kessler had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023, Mr. Kessler was awarded an annual LTI grant of $13.2 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Fixed Pay Element $781,250 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $1,816,875 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $7,268,239 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $2,943,885 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $2,943,875 TOTAL $15,754,124 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, which is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 67 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Ann Fandozzi Former Chief Executive Officer – January 1 through July 31, 2023 The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant: Base Salary – Ms. Fandozzi’s actual salary paid in 2023 was $528,409. Short-Term Incentive – Ms. Fandozzi did not receive an STI award for 2023. Long-Term Incentive – Ms. Fandozzi did not receive any other securityLTI awards in 2023. Total awarded compensation for 2023 is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $528,409 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $— PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $0 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $0 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $0 TOTAL $528,409 1. Ms. Fandozzi was not awarded 2023 LTI awards due to her resignation in August 2023. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 68 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Megan Cash Principal Finance and Accounting Officer August 2, 2023 through December 31, 2023 The Compensation Committee made no changes to Ms. Cash’s Base Salary or Short-Term Incentive upon her appointment to Principal Finance and Accounting Officer. Base Salary – Her Base Salary is $260,867. Her actual salary paid in 2023 was $264,530. Stipend – Ms. Cash received a stipend of $74,110 in addition to her base salary for the period she was Principal Finance and Accounting Officer to recognize the additional roles and responsibilities she took on in that role. The stipend payments earned in 2023 are eligible for the 2023 STI payout. Bonus – Ms. Cash received a bonus of $99,307 related to the successful acquisition of IAA. Short-Term Incentive – Ms. Cash had 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In May 2023,Ms. Cash was awarded an annual LTI grant of $0.2 million, consisting of 100% RSUs based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation arrangement established or maintained byfor 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Fixed Pay Element $264,530 Stipend Additional Fixed Pay Element for Additional Responsibilities $74,110 Bonus Discretionary Pay $99,307 STI (1) Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $376,446 PSUs Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $0 RSUs Performance to Stock Price $206,445 Stock Options Performance to Stock Price $0 TOTAL $1,020,838 (1)    For services in 2023, she received $74,110 in 2023 and $37,055 in 2024. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 69 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Eric Jacobs Former Chief Financial Officer – January 1 through August 1, 2023 The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Base salary remained $575,000. He received 18 months’ salary upon his departure from the Company. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $337,595. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Jacobs received a payment of 18 months’ of his target STI and a pro-rated 2023 STI payment at target per the terms of his employment agreement. Long-Term Incentive – Mr. Jacobs did not receive any LTI awards in 2023. Per the terms of his employment agreement the value of the unvested sign-on grant PSUs as of his departure date were included in his severance. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Fixed Pay Element $337,595 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $0 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $0 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $0 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $0 Severance Paid Pursuant to Employment Agreement $ 4,037,674 TOTAL $4,375,269 1. Mr. Jacobs was not awarded 2023 LTI awards in 2023 due to his departure from the Company such purchase could result, at any time, in:in August 2023 (a)2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the numberamount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column with the exception of Common Shares issuableseverance. 70 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Baron Concors Chief Product and Technology Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Increased base salary from $415,000 to $575,000, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $535,000. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Concors had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023,Mr. Concors was awarded an annual LTI grant of $2.0 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $535,000 STI Performance to insiders,Annual Financial Metrics $786,600 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $1,242,250 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $503,176 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $503,143 TOTAL $3,570,169 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at any time, exceeding 10%target performance for PSUs, and is higher than 50% of the issuedawarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and outstanding Common Shares from time to time; orstock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) (b) Awarded Value reflects the numberamount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   71 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Jeff Jeter Chief Revenue Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Increased base salary from $450,000 to $510,000 in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023. In September upon his appointment to Chief Revenue Officer, his salary was adjusted to $600,000. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $525,000. Bonus – Mr. Jeter received a bonus of $50,490 related to the successful acquisition of IAA.  Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Jeter had 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023, Mr. Jeter was awarded an annual LTI grant of $1.0 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options based on his salary prior to his appointment in September. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Common Shares issuedPay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $525,000 Bonus Discretionary Pay $50,490 STI Performance to insiders within any one-year period exceeding 10%Annual Financial Metrics $1,252,500 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $629,614 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $255,015 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $255,000 TOTAL $2,967,619 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, and is higher than 50% of the issuedawarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and outstanding Common Sharesstock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   72 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Darren Watt Chief Legal Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Increased base salary from $325,600 to $425,000 in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $401,840. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Watt had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023, Mr. Watt was awarded an annual LTI grant of $0.6 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $401,840 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $498,754 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $393,544 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $159,399 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $159,375 TOTAL $1,612,912 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   73 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Carmen Thiede Chief Transformation Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Increased base salary from $435,000 to $540,000 in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. Her actual salary paid in 2023 was $513,750. Short-Term Incentive – Ms. Thiede had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023, Ms. Thiede was awarded an annual LTI grant of $1.5 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $513,750 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $738,720 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $899,961 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $364,515 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $364,500 TOTAL $2,881,446 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   74 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Policies and Governance Practices Share ownership requirements The Company requires our senior leaders to own Company shares to align their interests with those of our shareholders. Our share ownership requirements: • Cover all senior leaders • Set a five-year time frame to time.meet ownership requirements Eligibility. • Require senior leaders to continually hold owned shares to maintain ownership requirements • Establish a multiple of each executive’s base salary on the date first covered The table below shows the share ownership requirement by level in the Company. As of December 31, 2023, all NEOs have met or are on track to meet stock ownership requirements by their respective dates. Stock Ownership Covers all Senior Leaders CEO •   •   •   •   • 5x annual base salary Senior Executives •   •   • 3x annual base salary Vice President • 1x annual base salary Compensation Risk Assessment The Compensation Committee, with support from its independent consultant FW Cook, annually reviews the potential impact of our compensation programs on organizational risk. The Compensation Committee discusses the compensation programs and risk mitigation features when evaluating whether the programs encourage or reward employees for engaging in excessive, imprudent, inappropriate, or unnecessary risk-taking. The Committee also confirms the alignment of the compensation programs to the Company’s sustainability risks and opportunities. The annual risk review involved analyzing our current compensation programs in relation to risk. Our analysis concluded that our compensation programs include the following risk mitigation features: Mix of pay elements – Base salary, STI, PSUs, RSUs and stock options are included in the executive compensation program. Short-term and long-term plans – The mix of our short-term and long-term compensation appropriately rewards employees while balancing risk through the delayed payment of long-term awards. Adjustments to compensation – Maximum payout caps are in place for incentive compensation, and the Compensation Committee has the ability to apply negative discretion. Compensation committee oversight – Our Compensation Committee reviews plan performance and approves all executive compensation plans and payouts. Multiple performance measures – Multiple performance measures work together to balance risk in our incentive compensation plans. Stock ownership requirements – All individuals classifiedsenior leaders are subject to stock ownership requirements of at least one times their salary, as described above. Clawback and cancellation provisions – All awards are subject to our Clawback Policy, as described below. In addition, cancellation provisions apply to all outstanding STI and LTI awards. The Compensation Committee determined that our 2023 compensation programs have sufficient risk mitigation features and do not encourage or reward employees for engaging in excessive, imprudent, inappropriate, or unnecessary risk-taking. Based on the payroll recordsCompensation Committee’s review, the Committee determined our compensation programs to be low risk.   75 2024 Proxy Statement Clawback Policy In 2022, the SEC adopted final rules implementing the incentive-based compensation recovery provision of the Dodd-Frank Act. On November 7, 2023, the Board amended and restated the Company’s Executive Compensation Clawback Policy (the “Amended and Restated Clawback Policy”), covering incentive-based compensation received by current or former executive officers on or after October 2, 2023. The Amended and Restated Clawback Policy provides that we must recover incentive-based compensation erroneously received by current or former executive officers during the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding the year in which we are required to prepare an accounting restatement due to material noncompliance with financial reporting requirements. Erroneous payments must be recovered even if there was no misconduct or failure of oversight on the part of an individual executive officer. There are limited exceptions to our obligation to enforce the application of the Amended and Restated Clawback Policy. Such exceptions are available where (i) pursuing such recovery would be impractical because the direct expense paid to a third party to assist in enforcing the Amended and Restated Clawback Policy would exceed the recoverable amounts and we have made a reasonable attempt to recover such amounts and provided documentation of such attempts to NYSE; (ii) pursuing such recovery would violate our home country laws and we provide an opinion of counsel to that effect to the NYSE; or (iii) recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to our employees, to fail to meet the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code. Trading Company Securities              Our Insider Trading Policy, which applies to (i) directors, executive officers, and employees of the Company, (ii) such persons’ family members, and (iii) Company contractors and consultants who have access to material nonpublic information concerning the Company (collectively, “Insiders”), prohibits Insiders from buying or selling Company securities when in possession of material nonpublic information and during other closed periods. Any sale or purchase of Common Shares by directors, executive officers, and all other senior leaders must be made during pre-established periods after receiving preclearance by the Designated Companies (asChief Legal Officer or designated clearance officer. Trading in Company derivatives (i.e., puts or calls), engaging in short sales or otherwise engaging in hedging activities, and pledging of Company securities, including awards received as compensation, is prohibited for all Insiders. All Insiders are expected to be in compliance with the Insider Trading Policy and to not hedge nor pledge any Common Shares, including those shares they have received as compensation. Tax Considerations The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017, modified IRC Section 162(m) and, among other things, limits the federal tax deduction for annual individual compensation paid up to $1 million for NEOs beginning with the 2018 tax year. Previously, compensation paid in excess of $1 million could be deducted if it qualified as performance-based compensation under IRC Section 162(m). While the Compensation Committee considers tax deductibility as one factor in determining executive compensation, the Compensation Committee also looks at other factors in making its decisions, as noted above, and retains the flexibility to award compensation that it determines to be consistent with the goals of our executive compensation program even if the compensation is not deductible by us for tax purposes. In addition, the Compensation Committee continues to closely align executive pay with performance, regardless of the elimination of the exception for qualified performance-based under IRC Section 162(m). Compensation Committee and Consultant Independence Our Compensation Committee is composed entirely of independent directors, as determined by the Board under NYSE guidelines and as defined for various regulatory purposes. Under its charter, the Compensation Committee has the authority to hire outside consultants and advisors at the Company’s expense. For 2023, the Compensation Committee retained the services of Frederic W. Cook & Co., Inc. (“FW Cook”), an independent consultant, for advice on issues related to the compensation of NEOs and other executive compensation-related matters. FW Cook takes direction from, and is solely responsible to, the Compensation Committee, and does not provide services to the Company’s management. A representative from FW Cook attended all Compensation Committee meetings, either in person or virtually, consulted with and advised the Compensation Committee members on executive compensation, including the structure and amounts of various pay elements, and developed executive benchmarking data. The Compensation Committee is also aided in its deliberations by in-house and external legal counsel.   76 2024 Proxy Statement The Compensation Committee annually reviews the performance of its compensation advisers and considers the following factors when assessing the independence of FW Cook in accordance with NYSE standards: • Services provided to the Company management outside the services provided to the Compensation Committee • Fees paid as a percentage of FW Cook’s total revenue • Policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest • Any business or personal relationships between members of the Compensation Committee and FW Cook • Company share ownership by employees of FW Cook • Any business or personal relationships between the Company and FW Cook After reviewing the performance and independence of its consultant, the Compensation Committee determined FW Cook was independent based on the standards above. Employment and Termination Agreements The Company, through wholly-owned operating subsidiaries, has entered into an employment agreement with each of the NEOs. The employment agreements continue for an indefinite period of time until terminated in accordance with the terms of such agreements. The terms of the employment agreements with Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs terminated upon the termination of their employment with the Company. Mr. Jacobs’ employment was terminated without cause under the terms of his employment agreement and he was paid the severance to which he was contractually entitled upon a termination of employment without cause pursuant to the terms of his employment agreement. The following is a summary of the material terms of those agreements as in effect in 2023. Compensation and Benefits The NEOs earn an annual base salary and may earn annual short-term incentives, determined as a percentage of base salary, and may be awarded long-term incentive grants. In addition, the NEOs may participate in the ESPP)Company’s other long-term plans, including the U.S. Deferred Compensation Plan, the employee stock purchase plan, the Registered Retirement Savings Plan and the 401(k) plan, as applicable. For a discussion of the first day ofcompensation earned by or awarded to the applicable offering period (the “Offering Date”)NEOs in 2023, see pages 40–44. The NEOs are eligible to participate in the ESPP; provided thatCompany’s group benefit plans available to employees generally. Confidentiality, Non-Solicitation and Non-Competition Pursuant to their respective employment agreements, the administratorNEOs are prohibited at all times from disclosing confidential information related to the Company. Each NEO, with the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, is subject to provisions prohibiting his or her solicitation of the ESPPCompany’s employees for 12 months following termination for any reason. Ms. Fandozzi’s prohibitions extend for a period of 24 months following termination. Each NEO, with the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, is also subject to provisions prohibiting competition with the Company during the term of his or her employment and for a period of 12 months following termination for any reason. Ms. Fandozzi is prohibited from competing against the Company in Canada and the United States for a period of 24 months following termination. Termination for Cause With the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, the Company may determine,terminate the employment of the NEOs, for “cause,” as defined in advancethe employment agreements, at any time after providing the executive with at least 30 days’ notice of any offering period,such proposed termination and allowing the executive 15 days to remedy the alleged defect. The Company could have terminated the employment of Ms. Fandozzi with at least 10 days’ notice in certain circumstances. The employment agreements with the NEOs state that employees are eligible only if,no STI or bonus payment will be payable to such NEO in the event of his or her termination for cause. In the event of termination for cause, sign-on stock options granted to the terminated NEO will be cancelled as of the Offering Date, (a) theydate of his or her termination, and the NEO will have 30 days from the date of his or her termination to exercise any stock options that have vested prior to his or her termination, subject to the terms and conditions of the applicable Equity Plans and the applicable option agreements. Under the Company’s Equity Plans, unvested stock options expire immediately upon termination for cause. A terminated NEO’s rights with respect to PSUs and RSUs held are customarily employeddetermined in accordance with the applicable PSU and RSU grant agreements and the terms and conditions of the applicable Equity Plan (as defined below). In the case of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, all PPOs will be canceled on the notice of termination date and all unvested PSUs will be cancelled on the termination date.   77 2024 Proxy Statement Termination Without Cause or Voluntary Termination for Good Reason (including disability or death) In the event that a NEO’s employment is terminated without cause, each as defined in the employment agreements, subject to the executive’s execution and non-revocation of a general release of claims in favor of the Company, such NEO will be entitled to or, in the case of Ms. Fandozzi or Mr. Jacobs, was entitled to: • for Ms. Fandozzi, two years’ base salary, plus two years’ target STI bonus; • for Ms. Cash, 12 month’s base salary and 12 months’ target STI bonus; • for Mr. Jeter, six months’ base salary and six months’ target STI bonus, plus an additional one month’s base salary and 12% of the target STI per year of service up to a maximum of one year’s target STI bonus. • for Mr. Watt, six months’ base salary and STI at target, plus an additional one month’s base salary and target STI per year of service up to a maximum of 18 months’ base salary and target STI. • with the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, Ms. Cash, Mr. Jeter and Mr. Watt, 18 month’s base salary and 18 month’s target STI bonus; • a pro rata STI bonus for the year of termination, up to and including the NEO’s last day of active employment with the Company, based on actual performance; • with the exception of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, immediate accelerated vesting of all unvested stock options; the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PPOs will, in the case of termination due to disability, continue to vest in accordance with the original vesting schedule and the holder will have three years to exercise vested stock options, and, in all other cases, a pro-rated percentage of the unvested PPOs will vest immediately based on the percentage of the vesting period that preceded the date of termination. The remaining unvested PPOs will be cancelled. The NEO will have 90 days (or longer in certain cases) to exercise vested stock options; • pro-rated vesting of PSU and RSU awards based on the portion of performance period worked, payable at the same time as active employees and will be based on actual rTSR performance, provided, in the case of termination due to disability, the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PSUs will not be pro-rated and will continue to vest; and • continued extended health and dental benefits coverage under existing cost sharing arrangements (or the cash equivalent) for up to one year after termination of his or her employment or the date on which he or she begins new full-time employment. In the case of a termination of a NEO as a result of the disability or death of the NEO, certain RSU, PSU and stock option awards may be subject to different treatment. See the relevant descriptions in “Stock Option Plan” on page 87 and “Performance Share Unit Plans” on page 89. Under the terms of the employment agreements with the NEOs, NEOs may terminate their respective employment with the Company for “good reason,” as defined in the employment agreements, and, in the event of good reason, will receive pay and benefits as if terminated by the Company without cause, and the termination will be regarded as a termination without cause for purposes of the Company’s Equity Plans. Under the employment agreements, NEOs may terminate their employment for good reason by delivery of written notice, including the basis for such good reason, to the Company within 60 days’ after the occurrence of good reason. Termination for good reason will be effective 30 days after delivery in the event the Company fails or is unable to cure such good reason within that period. Resignation Under the terms of the employment agreements with the NEOs, NEOs may resign by providing three months’ written notice to the Company to that effect. If a DesignatedNEO provides the Company with notice of resignation, the Company may waive such notice, in whole or in part, in which case the Company will pay the NEO his or her base salary for more than 20 hours a week, (b) they are customarily employedonly the amount of time remaining in that notice period and such NEO’s employment will terminate on the earlier date specified by the Company without any further compensation. The employment agreements with the NEOs state that no short-term incentive or bonus payment will be payable to a DesignatedNEO in the event of his or her resignation. In the event of resignation, all unvested stock options held by the resigning NEO will be immediately cancelled on the termination date and such NEO will have 90 days from such date to exercise any vested stock options. Under the Company’s Stock Option Plan, unvested stock options granted on or after February 24, 2009 to a NEO are immediately cancelled. Under the Equity Plans, in the event of resignation of a participant other than by retirement in accordance with the normal retirement policy of the Company (or its affiliates), RSUs and PSUs that have not vested prior to the last day of active employment will not vest and shall be forfeited and cancelled without payment.   78 2024 Proxy Statement Retirement The employment agreements with the NEOs provide that in the event of retirement, which, for moresuch purpose, means retirement in accordance with the normal retirement policy of the Company (or its affiliates) when the participant is not less than five months per calendar55 years of age: • with the exception of Ms. Cash, Mr. Jeter and Mr. Watt, the Company will pay a pro-rated STI bonus, at target, for the year of termination, up to and including the last day of active employment, to such NEOs; • with the exception of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, all unvested stock options will continue to vest according to their initial grant schedules and will remain exercisable up to the earlier of the original grant expiry date and the third anniversary of the date of retirement; • with the exception of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, RSUs and PSUs will continue to vest and be paid in accordance with the original grant schedule applicable thereto; and • in the case of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, NEOs age 60 and over with at least five years of service and subject to a six-month minimum service provision after the grant date, (1) immediate accelerated vesting of all unvested PPOs as of the retirement date, with the NEO given one year from the date of termination to exercise such stock options and (2) pro-rated vesting of PSUs based on the portion of performance period worked, payable at the same time as active employees based on actual rTSR performance. In the case of the stock options and the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PPOs, if the NEO takes on any substitute paid employment before the applicable expiry date, the stock options and PPOs will expire on the date when such NEO takes on such paid employment or engagement. Change of Control The Compensation Committee believes that change of control arrangements are necessary to attract and retain the talent necessary for the Company’s long-term success. The Company has entered into change of control agreements with the NEOs with the exception of Ms. Cash (the “Change of Control Agreements”). For purposes of the Change of Control Agreements, a “change of control” means: • the acquisition or accumulation of beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Company’s voting shares by a person or a group of persons acting jointly or in concert; • a person, or a group of persons acting jointly or in concert, holding at least 25% of the Company’s voting shares and being able to change the composition of the Board by having their nominees elected as a majority of the Board; • the arm’s length sale, transfer, liquidation or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, over a period of one year or less, in any manner whatsoever and whether in one transaction or in a series of transactions or by plan of arrangement; or • a reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale or other disposition of substantially all the assets of the Company, unless the Company beneficially owns all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries following such event. The Change of Control Agreements provide for payment and accelerated vesting on a “double-trigger” basis, which requires a change of control and either (i) termination by the Company without cause upon a change of control or within two years following a change of control; or (ii) termination by the NEO for good reason upon a change of control or within one year and/following a change of control. Following a double-trigger event, each NEO will be entitled to, or (c) they have completed six monthsin the case of Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs, was entitled to, a lump-sum cash amount equal to the aggregate of: • in the case of Ms. Fandozzi, two times annual base salary, two times the STI bonus at target, plus a pro rata STI bonus at target for year of termination and two times the annual premium cost that would be incurred by the Company to continue to provide her all health, dental and life insurance benefits provided immediately before her termination; • In the case of all other NEOs with the exception of Ms. Cash, one and one-half times annual base salary, one and one-half times the STI bonus at target plus a pro rata STI bonus at target for year of termination, and one and one-half times the annual premium cost that would be incurred by the Company to continue to provide to them all health, dental and life insurance benefits provided immediately before their termination.   79 2024 Proxy Statement Each of the NEOs is entitled, following a double-trigger event, to: • accelerated vesting of RSU and PSU awards; and • immediate vesting of all unvested stock options, with a 90-day post-termination exercise period. The employment agreements with the NEOs provide that, notwithstanding provisions to the contrary in plan documents, any accelerated vesting of annual LTI awards upon a change of control, as defined in the Change of Control Agreements, requires both a change of control and the termination of employment (orwithout “cause” or for “good reason,” each as defined in the respective employment agreements. In the case of all NEOs, the Change of Control Agreements provide that no such payments will be made unless the NEO signs within 60 days and does not revoke a full and general release of any and all claims against the Company, affiliates, and past and then current officers, directors, owners, managers, members, agents and employees. Indemnity Agreements The Company has entered into indemnity agreements with each NEO pursuant to which the Company agrees to indemnify each NEO in connection with claims or proceedings involving the officer (by reason of serving as a director or officer of the Company or its subsidiaries), as provided in the agreement. Compensation Committee Report The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed with management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis and, based on that review and discussion, has recommended to the Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement and incorporated by reference into the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2024. Compensation Committee Michael Sieger (Chair) Carol M. Stephenson   80 2024 Proxy Statement EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION TABLES Summary Compensation Table A summary of the compensation paid to our NEOs for each of the 2021 2022 and 2023 fiscal years is set forth below. Additional information on the components of the total compensation package, including a discussion of the proportion of each element to total compensation, is discussed under “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” starting on page 54.  Name and Principal Position Year   Salary1 ($) Bonus2 ($) Stock Awards3 ($) Option Awards4 ($) Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation5 ($)  All Other Compensation6 ($) Total ($) James Kessler7 2023 781,250 — 10,212,124 2,943,875 1,816,875 174,201 15,928,325 Chief Executive Officer 2022 575,000 — 916,000 838,710 1,086,106 109,052 3,524,868 2021 516,667 — 1,184,596 1,125,019 524,051 70,359 3,420,692 Ann Fandozzi8 2023 528,409 — — — — 263,957 792,366 Former Chief Executive Officer 2022 900,000 — 2,442,665 2,236,556 2,124,990 215,756 7,919,967 2021 900,000 — 4,264,545 4,050,020 1,017,782 149,383 10,381,730 Megan Cash9,11,12 2023 338,640 99,307 206,445 — 376,446 14,734 1,035,572 Principal Finance and Accounting Officer 2022 — — — — — — — 2021 — — — — — — — Eric Jacobs10 2023 337,595 — — — — 4,235,844 4,573,439 Former Chief Financial Officer 2022 329,150 250,000 5,382,709 1,919,033 1,086,106 32,518 8,999,516 2021 — — — — — — — Baron Concors 2023 535,000 — 1,745,426 503,143 786,600 80,155 3,650,324 Chief Product Information Officer 2022 415,000 — 550,927 504,442 509,525 64,967 2,044,861 2021 400,000 — 1,052,974 1,000,015 235,221 36,459 2,724,669 Jeff Jeter 2023 525,000 50,490 884,629 255,000 1,252,500 45,857 3,013,476 Chief Revenue Officer 2022 — — — — — — — 2021 — — — — — — — Darren Watt 11 2023 401,840   552,943 159,375 498,754 41,581 1,654,493 Chief Legal Officer 2022 — — — — — — — 2021 — — — — — — — Carmen Thiede 2023 513,750 — 1,264,476 364,500 738,720 62,769 2,944,215 Chief Transformation Officer 2022 435,000 — 440,113 419,390 616,247 62,846 1,973,596 2021 420,000 — 552,811 525,018 246,982 56,986 1,801,798   81 2024 Proxy Statement 1. Amounts reported reflect the base salary earned by the NEOs. Base salary for Ms. Cash includes a stipend of $71,440 paid in 2023 for the period she was Principal Finance and Accounting Officer. 2. In 2023, Ms. Cash and Mr. Jeter were paid bonuses of $99,307 and $50,490, respectively, upon completion of the IAA acquisition. Amounts paid under the Company’s 2023 STI and Adjusted 2023 STI are reported in the “Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation” column. 3. The dollar amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of PSUs and RSUs granted during each of the years presented, measured in accordance with ASC 718 utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, without considering estimated forfeitures. With respect to PSUs, the grant date fair value determined in accordance with ASC 718 is based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions on the grant date, which was deemed to be 100% of target. Assuming the highest level of performance is achieved, which would result in vesting at 200% of target, except for Mr. Jacobs 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, for which maximum achievement is 300% of target, the aggregate grant date fair value of the share awards set forth in the Summary Compensation Table would be: Named Executive Officer 2023 ($) 2022 ($) 2021 ($) James Kessler 14,536,478 1,831,999 2,991,287 Ann Fandozzi — 4,885,331 10,768,634 Megan Cash — — — Eric Jacobs — 11,784,432 — Baron Concors 2,484,500 1,101,854 2,658,922 Jeff Jeter 1,259,228 — — Darren Watt 787,088 — — Carmen Thiede 1,799,922 880,226 1,977,574 The dividend equivalents attributable to PSUs and RSUs are deemed “reinvested” in PSUs or RSUs, as applicable, and will only be distributed upon the vesting, if any, of the PSUs or RSUs under the terms of the respective plans. 4. The dollar amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of stock option awards granted during each of the years presented. The grant date fair value of a stock option award is calculated in accordance with ASC 718 utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, without considering estimated forfeitures. For a discussion of specific stock option awards granted during 2023, see “2023 Grants of Plan-Based Awards” and the narrative discussion that follows. 5. Reflects amounts earned under the Company’s STI in the relevant year, regardless of whether paid in the following year. 6. Reflects compensation in 2023 to: • Mr. Kessler representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($240), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($127,666) and RSUs ($26,796). • Ms. Fandozzi representing a car allowance ($8,750), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($1,500), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500), PTO payout upon termination ($50,835) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($198,372). • Ms. Cash representing the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($428), the Company’s matching contribution to the RRSP plan ($3,401) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($8,707) and RSUs ($2,197). • Mr. Jacobs representing a car allowance ($8,750), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($958) the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500), PTO payout upon termination ($32,260), and severance ($4,037,674 comprised of 18 months of base pay, 18 months of STI at target, a pro-rata 2023 STI payment at target, and a payment for unvested sign-on PSUs valued as of his departure date)) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($151,702). • Mr. Concors representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($692), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($55,383) and RSUs ($4,580). • Mr. Jeter representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($1,125), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($22,910) and RSUs ($2,321). • Mr. Watt representing a car allowance ($18,139), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($1,109), the Company’s matching contribution to the RRSP plan ($3,401) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($17,481) and RSUs ($1,451). • Ms. Thiede representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($988), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($38,964) and RSUs ($3,318). 7. Mr. Kessler became CEO on August 1, 2023. Prior to his promotion to CEO, Kessler served as our President and Chief Operating Officer. 8. Ms. Fandozzi's last day as an employee of the Company was July 31, 2023. 9. Ms. Cash became Principal Finance and Accounting Officer on August 2, 2023. 10. Mr. Jacobs joined the Company on June 6, 2022 and left the Company on August 1, 2023. 11. Ms. Cash and Mr. Watt are paid in Canadian dollars. Amounts reported are converted based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.7411 as of December 31, 2023. 12. Ms. Cash’s STI is based on her base salary and the stipend she earned in 2023 and includes the stipend paid in 2024 of $37,055, for services provided in 2023.   82 2024 Proxy Statement 2023 Grants of Plan-Based Awards The following table provides information related to grants of plan-based awards to our NEOs during the 2023 fiscal year.     Estimated Possible Payouts Under Non- Equity Incentive Plan Awards1 Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards2 All Other Stock Awards: Number of Shares of Stock or Stock Units All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards2                           Name   Grant Date Threshold   ($) Target   ($) Maximum   ($) Threshold   (#) Target   (#) Maximum   (#)   (#)   (#)   ($/Share)   ($) James Kessler   531,250 1,062,500 2,125,000               08-Aug-233       50,768 101,356 202,712       7,268,239 08-Aug-234             50,678     2,943,885 08-Aug-235               166,981 58.09 2,943,875 Ann Fandozzi   562,500 1,125,000 2,250,000               Megan Cash   78,125 156,520 312,500               31-May-234             3,964     206,445 Eric Jacobs   287,500 575,000 1,150,000               Baron Concors   230,000 460,000 920,000               08-Aug-233       8,662 17,323 34,646       1,242,250 08-Aug-234             8,662     503,176 08-Aug-235               28,539 58.09 503,143 Jeff Jeter   375,000 750,000 1,500,000               08-Aug-233       4,390 8,780 17,560       629,614 08-Aug-234             4,390     255,015 08-Aug-235               14,464 58.09 255,000 Darren Watt   148,750 297,500 595,000               08-Aug-233       2,744 5,488 10,796       393,544 08-Aug-234             2,744     159,399 08-Aug-235               9,040 58.09 159,375 Carmen Thiede   216,000 432,000 864,000               08-Aug-233       6,275 12,550 25,100       899,961 08-Aug-234             6,275     364,515 08-Aug-235       1,106 2,211 4,422   20,675 58.09 364,500 1. Represents the possible payout under 2023 STI and Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI. For amounts actually paid under these awards, see “— Summary Compensation Table” on page 81. 2. Represents the grant date fair value of stock and option awards calculated in accordance with the guidance in ASC 718, utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, without taking into account estimated forfeitures. With respect to PSUs, the estimate of the grant date fair value determined in accordance with ASC 718 is based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions on the grant date, which was deemed to be 100% of target. 3. Represents PSUs granted in 2023 under the 2023 Share Incentive Plan. 4. Represents RSUs granted in 2023 under the 2023 Share Incentive Plan. 5. Represents stock options granted in 2023 under the 2023 Share Incentive Plan. 6. Ms. Cash and Mr. Watt are paid in Canadian dollars. Amounts reported for Ms. Cash and Mr. Watt are converted based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.7411 as of December 31, 2023.   83 2024 Proxy Statement 2023 Share Incentive Plan The Company’s 2023 Share Incentive Plan (the “2023 Plan,” together with the Stock Option Plan, the IAA Plan, the IronPlanet Stock Plans, the PSU Plans, the RSU Plans and the ESPP, the “Equity Plans”) permits the Company to grant to eligible persons stock options, share appreciation rights, RSUs, restricted share awards, unrestricted share awards, cash-based awards, and dividend equivalent rights. Up to 9,355,000 Common Shares may be issued pursuant to the 2023 Plan. The number of Common Shares issuable to “insiders” at any time and issued to insiders in any one-year period pursuant to our 2023 Plan and any other periodsecurities-based compensation arrangement cannot exceed 10% of the issued and outstanding shares. The 2023 Plan provides flexibility regarding the terms of individual grants. The August 2023 grants to the NEOs were made in accordance with the Company’s current Stock Option Policy, which provides that: • the exercise price of each option will be equal to the closing price of the Company’s Common Shares on the NYSE on the date of grant; • vesting of options will occur over three years from the date of grant, with 1/3 vesting on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date; and • options will expire ten years after the date of grant, subject to a provision of the Stock Option Plan that provides, subject to certain exceptions, that if the tenth anniversary of the grant falls within, or within five business days after the end of, a “blackout period”, the date will be extended to the fifth business day after the end of such blackout period. Eligibility Persons eligible to participate in the 2023 Plan are those officers and other employees, non-employee directors and consultants of the Company and its affiliates as determinedselected from time to time by the administrator of the ESPP, provided such service requirement does not exceed two years2023 Plan in its discretion. Types of Awards Stock Options. The 2023 Plan permits the granting of employment). No person who owns or holds, or as a result of participation in the ESPP would own or hold, Common Shares or(i) options to purchase Common Shares that 60 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents together equal 5% or moreintended to qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of our total outstanding Common Shares is entitled to participate in the ESPP. No employee may exercise a rightU.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “IRC”), and (ii) options that do not so qualify. Options granted under the ESPP2023 Plan will be non-qualified options if they fail to qualify as incentive stock options or exceed the annual limit on incentive stock options. Incentive stock options may only be granted to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. Non-qualified options may be granted to any persons eligible to receive incentive stock options and to non-employee directors and consultants. To qualify as incentive stock options, options must meet additional federal tax requirements, including a $100,000 limit on the value of shares subject to incentive stock options that permitsfirst become exercisable by a participant in any one calendar year. The term of each stock option will be fixed by the employeeadministrator of the 2023 Plan and may not exceed ten years from the date of grant. The 2023 Plan provides that any option intended to purchasebe an incentive stock option that is granted to an optionee who owns more than 10% of our Common Shares havingmust have a valueterm of no more than $25,000 (determined usingfive years from the date of grant. The exercise price of each stock option will be determined by the Compensation Committee, but may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the Common Shares aton the time such rightdate of grant (110% in the case of an incentive stock option granted to an optionee who owns more than 10% of our Common Shares), except in compliance with applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules and in the limited circumstances of (i) stock options granted pursuant to a transaction described in and in a manner consistent with Section 424(a) of the IRC, (ii) stock options granted to individuals not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant or (iii) if the stock option is granted) in any calendar year.otherwise compliant with Section 409A of the IRC. The ESPP2023 Plan defines “fair market value” by reference to the closing price of our Common Shares on The New York Stock Exchangethe date of grant on the NYSE or the Toronto Stock Exchange,TSX, whichever exchange has the majority of trading volume at such time. Participation; Payroll Deductions; Cashless Exercise Program. Participation Upon exercise of a stock option, the option exercise price must be paid in the ESPP is limitedfull either in cash, by certified or bank check or other instrument acceptable to eligible employees who authorize payroll deductions equal to a whole percentage or amount of base pay. Employees may authorize payroll deductions, with a minimum of 1% of base pay and a maximum of 15% of base pay or such other minimum or maximum as may be specified by the administrator of the ESPP in advance of an offering, provided that the maximum specified2023 Plan or by the administrator of the ESPP does not exceed 15%. In addition to such payroll deductions, participants other than executive officers of the Company may elect to purchase Common Shares under the ESPP pursuant to a cashless participation program through loans from a third-party provider (the “Cashless Participation Program”). As of March 31, 2023, there are approximately 8,082 employees who would be eligible to participate in the ESPP. Once an employee becomes a participant in the ESPP, that employee will automatically participate in successive offering periods (as described below) and purchases will continue at the same percentage of compensation until that employee files a new enrollment form, withdraws from the ESPP or becomes ineligible to participate in the ESPP. Offering Periods; Purchase Periods. Unless otherwise determined by the administrator of the ESPP, the initial offering of Common Shares under the ESPP will begin on the first trading day on or after July 1, 2023 and end on the last trading day on or prior to November 15, 2023. Subsequent offerings of Common Shares under the ESPP will be for a period of 12 months, which we refer to as an “offering period.” Separate subsequent offering periods will (a) begin on the first trading day on or after each May 15 and end on the last trading day on or priordelivery (or attestation to the following May 14, and (b) begin on the first trading day on or after each November 15 and end on the last trading day on or prior to the following November 14. The administrator of the ESPP may, in its discretion, designate a different period for any offering period but no offering period shall exceed 27 months in duration. Unless the administrator of the ESPP otherwise determines, each offering period shall be divided into two six-month purchase periods and, unless otherwise determined by the administrator of the ESPP, participants will only be permitted to participate in one offering period at a time. Unless the administrator of the ESPP, in its sole discretion, chooses otherwise prior to the Offering Date, and to the extent an offering has more than one purchase period and to the extent permitted by applicable law, if the fair market value of the Common Shares on any exercise date in an offering is lower than the fair market value of the Common Shares on the Offering Date, then all participants in such offering automatically will be withdrawn from such offering immediately after the exercise of their right on such exercise date and automatically re-enrolled in the immediately following offering as of the first day thereof and the preceding offering will terminate. Exercise Price. On the Offering Date for an offering period, employees participating in that offering period will receive a right to purchase Common Shares. On the exercise date of each purchase period, the employee is deemed to have exercised the right, at the exercise price, to the extent of accumulated payroll deductions and additional contributions made pursuant to the Cashless Participation Program. The exercise price is equal to the lesser of (1) 85% the fair market value per Common Share on the Offering Date or (2) 85% of the fair market value per Common Share on the exercise date. The maximum valueownership) of Common Shares that are not then subject to any restrictions under any Company plan. Subject to applicable law, the exercise price may also be delivered to us by a broker pursuant to irrevocable instructions to the broker from the optionee. In addition, non-qualified options may be issued to any employee under the ESPP, in any offering period is $25,000 (valued as of the Offering Date) or such other lesser number of shares as determined by the administrator of the ESPP from time to time. Subject to certain limitations,exercised using a net exercise feature, which reduces the number of Common Shares a participant purchases in each offering period is determined by dividing the total amount of (i) payroll deductions withheld from the participant’s compensation during the purchase period and (ii) additional contributions made pursuantissued to the Cashless Participation Programoptionee by the number of Common Shares with an aggregate fair market value equal to the aggregate exercise price.price of the exercised stock options. The administrator of the 2023 Plan will determine at what time or times each option may be exercised. Options may be made exercisable in installments. In general, if an employee is no longer a participant on an exercise date, the employee’s right will be automatically terminated, and the amount of the employee’s accumulated payroll deductions will be refunded. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 61 Table of Contents Terms of Participation. Except as may beunless otherwise permitted by the administrator of the ESPP in advance of an offering, a participant may decrease2023 Plan, no option granted under the amount of such participant’s contributions once during any offering period but may not increase the amount of such participant’s contributions during any offering period. Unless otherwise determined2023 Plan is transferable by the administrator of the ESPP, a participant may increase or decrease such participant’s contributions with respect to the next offering period by filing a new enrollment form by such deadline as shall be established by the administrator of the ESPP for the offering period. A participant may withdraw from an offering period by giving written notice to the Company or an agent designated by the Company in a form acceptable to the administrator of the ESPP (including, but not limited to, by electronic means) no later than one month prior to the end of the then-applicable offering period (or such shorter or longer period as may be specified by the administrator of the ESPP prior to any offering period). A participant’s withdrawal will be effective as soon as practicable following receipt of written notice of withdrawal by the Company or an agent designated by the Company. If a participant withdraws from an offering period, that participant may not again participate in the same offering period, but may enroll in subsequent offering periods. Enrollments, deduction changes and withdrawals may only occur when the Company is not in a blackout period established by the Company’s insider trading policies and procedures, as in effect from time to time. Sale Event. In the case of and subject to the consummation of a Sale Event (as defined in the ESPP) the administrator of the ESPP, in its discretion, and on such terms and conditions as it deems appropriate, is authorized to take any one or more of the following actions under the ESPP or with respect to any right under the ESPP or to facilitate such transactions or events, provided, however, no action shall be taken to the extent that it will cause the rights held by participants who are resident in Canada or employed in Canada to not comply with section 7 of the Income Tax Act (Canada): (a) to provide for either (i) termination of any outstanding right in exchange for an amount of cash, if any, equal to the amount that would have been obtained upon the exercise of such right had such right been currently exercisable or (ii) the replacement of such outstanding right with other rights or property selected by the administrator of the ESPP in its sole discretion; (b) to provide that the outstanding rights under the ESPP shall be assumed by the successor or survivor corporation, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, or shall be substituted for similar rights covering shares of the successor or survivor corporation, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, with appropriate adjustments as to the number and kind of shares and prices; (c) to make adjustments in the number and type of Common Shares subject to outstanding options under the ESPP and/or in the terms and conditions of outstanding rights and rights that may be granted in the future; (d) to provide that the offering with respect to which a right relates will be shortened by setting a new exercise date on which such offering period will end; and (e) to provide that all outstanding rights shall terminate without being exercised and all amounts in the accounts of participants shall be promptly refunded. Transferability. The rights under the ESPP are not transferable by a participantoptionee other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. Term; Amendmentsdistribution, and Terminationoptions may be exercised during the optionee’s lifetime only by the optionee, or by the optionee’s legal representative or guardian in the case of the optionee’s incapacity.   84 2024 Proxy Statement Share Appreciation Rights. The ESPP will continue until terminated byadministrator of the Board. The Board2023 Plan may terminateaward share appreciation rights subject to such conditions and restrictions as the ESPP at any time, provided that, no action shall be takenCompensation Committee may determine. Share appreciation rights entitle the recipient to Common Shares (or cash, to the extent that it will cause the rights held by participants who are resident in Canada or employed in Canada to not comply with section 7 of the Income Tax Act (Canada). Upon termination of the ESPP, all amountsexplicitly provided for in the accounts of participants shall be promptly refunded. The Board may, insofar as permitted by law and subject to any required approval of the NYSE and the TSX, any other stock exchange or other authority, amend, modify, revise or otherwise change the terms of the ESPP, in whole or in part, provided that, no action shall be taken to the extent that it will cause the rights held by participants who are resident in Canada or employed in Canada to not comply with section 7 of the Income Tax Act (Canada). The Board may suspend, discontinue or terminate the ESPP at any time. No shareholder approval will be required for: (i) amendments of a “housekeeping nature”; (ii) amendments necessary to comply with applicable law; (iii) amendments to the eligibility to participate in offerings under the ESPP other than an amendment which would have the potential of broadening or increasing insider participation; and (iv) amendments to the allowable employee contribution provided that the allowable employee contribution may not exceed 15% of an eligible employee’s base pay for each pay period; and (v) amendments necessary to suspend or terminate the ESPP. Shareholder approval shall be required for: (i) any amendment to increase the maximum number of Common Shares reserved for issuance from treasury under the ESPP; (ii) any amendment that would increase the allowable employee contribution to an amount greater than 15% of an eligible employee’s base pay for each pay period; (iii) any amendment that would provide for any form of financial assistance to participants; (iv) any amendment to remove, exceed or increase the limits on insider participation in the ESPP, and (v) any amendment to the amendment provisions of the ESPP not permitted under the terms of the ESPP. 62 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents New Plan Benefits Since participation in the ESPP is voluntary, the benefits or amounts that will be received by or allocated to any individual or group of individuals under the ESPP in the future are not determinable. U.S. Federal Tax Consequences Under the ESPP The following is only a summary of the effect of the U.S. income tax laws and regulations upon an employee and the Company with respect to an employee’s participation in the 423 Component of the ESPP. It does not describe all U.S. federal tax consequences under the ESPP, nor does it describe non-U.S., state or local tax consequences A participant in the ESPP recognizes no taxable income either as a result of participation in the ESPP or upon exercise of a right to purchase Common Shares under the terms of the ESPP. If a participant disposes of Common Shares purchased upon exercise of a right granted under the ESPP within two years from the first day of the applicable offering period or within one year from the exercise date, which we refer to as a “disqualifying disposition,” the participant will realize ordinary income in the year of that dispositionaward certificate) equal to the amount by which the fair market value of the Common Shares onappreciation in the dateshare price over the Common Shares were purchased exceeds the purchaseexercise price. The amount of ordinary income willexercise price may not be added to the participant’s basis in the Common Shares, and any additional gain or resulting loss recognized on the disposition of the Common Shares will be a capital gain or loss. A capital gain or loss will be long-term if the participant’s holding period is moreless than 12 months, or short-term if the participant’s holding period is 12 months or less. If the participant disposes of Common Shares purchased upon exercise of a right granted under the ESPP at least two years after the first day of the applicable offering period and at least one year after the exercise date, the participant will realize ordinary income in the year of disposition equal to the lesser of (1) 15% of the fair market value of the Common Shares on the first day of the offering period in which the Common Shares were purchased and (2) the excess of the amount actually received for the Common Shares over the amount paid. The amount of any ordinary income will be added to the participant’s basis in the Common Shares, and any additional gain recognized upon the disposition after that basis adjustment will be a long-term capital gain. If the fair market value of the Common Shares on the date of dispositiongrant, except in compliance with applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules and in the limited circumstances of (i) share appreciation rights granted pursuant to a transaction described in and in a manner consistent with Section 424(a) of the IRC, (ii) share appreciation rights granted to individuals not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant or (iii) if the share appreciation right is otherwise compliant with Section 409A of the IRC. The maximum term of a share appreciation right is ten years. Restricted Shares. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may award Common Shares to participants subject to such conditions and restrictions as the administrator of the 2023 Plan may determine. These conditions and restrictions may include the achievement of pre-established performance goals and/or continued employment or other service relationship through a specified restricted period. During the vesting period, restricted share awards may be credited with dividends but dividends payable with respect to a restricted share award, including regular cash dividends, shall not be paid unless and until the awards vest. Restricted Share Units. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may award restricted share units to any participants. Restricted share units are ultimately payable in the form of Common Shares (or cash to the extent explicitly provided for in the relevant award certificate) and may be subject to such conditions and restrictions as the administrator of the 2023 Plan may determine. These conditions and restrictions may include the achievement of pre-established performance goals and/or continued employment or service relationship with us through a specified vesting period. In the administrator of the 2023 Plan’s sole discretion, it may permit a participant to make an advance election to receive a portion of his or her future cash compensation otherwise due in the form of a restricted share unit award, subject to the participant’s compliance with the procedures established by the administrator of the 2023 Plan and requirements of Section 409A of the IRC. Unrestricted Share Awards. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may also grant (or sell at par value or such higher price as determined by the administrator of the 2023 Plan) Common Shares that are free from any restrictions under the 2023 Plan. Unrestricted shares may be granted to any participant in recognition of past services or other valid consideration and may be issued in lieu of cash compensation due to such participant. Dividend Equivalent Rights. The Compensation Committee may grant dividend equivalent rights, which entitle the recipient to receive credits for dividends that would be paid if the recipient had held specified Common Shares. Dividend equivalent rights may be granted as a component of an award of restricted share units or as a freestanding award and will be paid only if the related award becomes vested (in the case of dividend equivalent rights that are granted as a component of an award). Dividend equivalent rights may be settled in cash, Common Shares or a combination of cash and Common Shares, in a single installment or installments, as specified in the award. No options or share appreciation rights will provide for the payment or accrual of dividend equivalent rights. Cash-Based Awards. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may grant cash bonuses under the 2023 Plan to participants. The cash bonuses may be subject to the achievement of pre-established performance goals. Minimum Vesting Condition The minimum vesting period for each equity award granted under the 2023 Plan must be at least one year, provided (i) that up to 5% of the Common Shares authorized for issuance under the 2023 Plan may be utilized for unrestricted share awards or other equity awards with a minimum vesting period of less than one year and (ii) annual awards to non-employee directors that occur in connection with our annual meeting of shareholders may vest on the date of our next annual meeting of shareholders that is at least 50 weeks after the immediately preceding year’s annual meeting. In addition, the administrator of the 2023 Plan may grant equity awards that vest within one year (a) if such awards are granted as substitute awards in replacement of other awards (or awards previously granted by an entity being acquired (or assets of which are being acquired)) that were scheduled to vest within one year or (b) if such awards are being granted in lieu of fully vested cash compensation. Rights on Termination of Employment The award certificate for each grant, except grants of cash-based awards, which will not be evidenced by an award certificate, will set forth the effect that the award holder’s termination of employment will have on such award. Change in Control Provisions The 2023 Plan provides that upon the effectiveness of a “sale event,” as defined in the 2023 Plan, all awards under the 2023 Plan will automatically terminate unless the parties to the sale event agree that such awards will be assumed, continued or substituted by the successor entity; provided however, except as may be otherwise provided in the relevant award certificate, that all awards with time-based vesting conditions or restrictions that are not vested and/or exercisable immediately prior to    85 2024 Proxy Statement the effective time of the sale event shall become fully vested and exercisable or nonforfeitable, and all awards with conditions and restrictions relating to performance goals may become vested and exercisable or nonforfeitable in connection with a sale event in the administrator of the 2023 Plan’s discretion or to the extent specified in the relevant award certificate. In the event of such termination, we will have the option (in our sole discretion) to make or provide for the payment, in cash or in kind, to the participants holding stock options and share appreciation rights, an amount equal to the difference between the sale price multiplied by the number of Common Shares subject to outstanding stock options and share appreciation rights and the aggregate exercise price of all such outstanding stock options and share appreciation rights, or each participant will be permitted, within a specified period of time prior to the consummation of the sale event, to exercise all outstanding stock options and share appreciation rights (to the extent then exercisable) held by such participant. We will also have the option (in our sole discretion) to make or provide for a payment, in cash or in kind, to the participants holding other awards in an amount equal to the sale price multiplied by the number of vested Common Shares under such awards. Amendments and Termination The Board may at any time amend, alter or discontinue the 2023 Plan and the administrator of the 2023 Plan may at any time amend any outstanding award, provided that no such amendment, modification, change, suspension or termination of the 2023 Plan or any awards granted hereunder may materially impair any rights of a grantee or materially increase any obligations of a grantee under the 2023 Plan without the consent of the grantee, unless the Board determines such adjustment is required or desirable in order to comply with any applicable securities laws or stock exchange requirements. Awards are only transferable under certain circumstances as prescribed by the 2023 Plan, which includes transfers to certain family members. Shareholder approval will be required for amendments to the 2023 Plan with respect to (i) any increase in the maximum number of Common Shares that may be issued pursuant to awards granted under the 2023 Plan; (ii) any reduction in the exercise price thereof outstanding stock options or share appreciation rights or to effect repricing through cancellation and re-grants or cancellation of stock options or share appreciation rights in exchange for cash or other awards or take any other action with respect to a stock option or share appreciation right that would be treated as a repricing under the rules and regulations of any stock exchange on which the shares are listed; (iii) any amendment that extends the term of an award beyond the original expiry date; (iv) if at any time, the 2023 Plan is amended to exclude participation by non-employee directors, any amendment to the 2023 Plan that may permit the introduction or reintroduction of non-employee directors on a discretionary basis; (v) any amendment that increases limits previously imposed on non-employee directors; (vi) any amendment that would permit equity based awards granted under the 2023 Plan to be transferable or assignable other than for normal estate settlement purposes and for transfers amongst certain family members as provided for under the 2023 Plan; (vii) any amendment to increase the maximum limit of the number of securities that may be issued to insiders under the 2023 Plan or other security-based compensation arrangement of the Company; (viii) adding provisions relating to a cashless exercise (other than a surrender of options for cash) which does not provide for a full deduction of the underlying Common Shares from the maximum number reserved under the 2023 Plan; and (ix) any amendment to the amending provisions of the 2023 Plan. Subject to the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Company’s shares are then listed and applicable law, no shareholder approval will be required for: (i) amendments to avoid any additional tax on grantees under Section 409A of the IRC or other applicable tax laws or regulations; (ii) amendments of a “housekeeping nature”; (iii) changes to the vesting or exercise provisions or other restrictions applicable to any award, award certificate or the 2023 Plan not inconsistent with the amendment provisions of the 2023 Plan; (iv) changes to the provisions of the 2023 Plan relating to the expiration of awards prior to their respective expiration dates upon the occurrence of certain specified events determined by the Board; and (v) the cancellation of an award under the 2023 Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent required under the rules of any securities exchange or market system on which the Common Shares are listed, or to the extent determined by the administrator of the 2023 Plan to be required to ensure that incentive stock options granted under the 2023 Plan are qualified, amendments shall be subject to approval by Company shareholders.   86 2024 Proxy Statement Stock Option Plan The Company’s Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan (the “Stock Option Plan”) permits the Company to grant to eligible persons options that are exercisable to purchase Common Shares at a specified exercise price. Upon adoption of the 2023 Plan, the Company froze the Stock Option Plan and, as such, will no ordinary income andlonger be granting any loss recognizedadditional awards under the Stock Option Plan. A total of 2,854,366 options to acquire an aggregate of 2,854,366 Common Shares pursuant to the Stock Option Plan remain outstanding. The Stock Option Plan provides flexibility regarding the terms of individual grants. Grants to the NEOs prior to 2023 were made in accordance with the Company’s current Stock Option Policy, which provides that: • the exercise price of each option will be equal to the closing price of the Company’s Common Shares on the NYSE on the date of grant; • vesting of options will occur over three years from the date of grant, with 1/3 vesting on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date; and • options will expire ten years after the date of grant, subject to a provision of the Stock Option Plan that provides, subject to certain exceptions, that if the tenth anniversary of the grant falls within, or within five business days after the end of, a “blackout period”, the date will be extended to the fifth business day after the end of such blackout period. The circumstances under which an option will be a long-term capital loss. We are generally entitled to a tax deductionexercisable in the year of a disqualifying disposition equalevent that the optionee ceases to be employed or to provide services to the amountCompany or one of ordinary income recognizedits subsidiaries are set forth in the option agreement, which may be waived or modified by the participant as a result of that disposition. In all other cases, we are not allowed a deduction. Shareholder Approval and Board Recommendation At the Meeting, shareholders will be asked to consider and, if deemed advisable, to pass, with or without variation,Compensation Committee at any time. The Stock Option Policy provides for the following ordinary resolution approvingterms, unless otherwise determined by the ESPP:Compensation Committee, and such terms were incorporated into grants prior to 2023 to NEOs: “BE IT RESOLVED, as an ordinary resolution of shareholders of the Company that: 1.• The Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated 2023 Employee Stock Purchase Plan is hereby approved. 2. Any one or more directors or officersin the case of termination without cause, excluding voluntary termination, immediate vesting of all unvested options, and the Company are hereby authorized and directed, for andoptionee has 90 days from the date on behalf ofwhich the optionee ceases to be employed by the Company to executeexercise all options; • in the case of voluntary termination, other than retirement, immediate cancellation of all unvested options, and the optionee has 90 days to exercise vested options; • in the case of retirement, all unvested options continue to vest after retirement in accordance with the existing vesting schedule for those particular options and all options expire on the earlier of three years from the date of retirement and the option 10-year expiry date, provided if the participant takes on any substitute paid employment or causeengagement before the third anniversary, the options will expire on the date when such participant takes on such paid employment or engagement; • in the case of death, all unvested options vest immediately, and the optionee’s legal representative has 365 days from the date of death to be executed, underexercise the sealoptions if the optionee’s employment or eligibility ceases by reason of his or her death or if the optionee dies prior to the expiration of the Companyperiods described in the three bullet points above; or otherwise, and to deliver or to cause to be delivered, all such other documents and to do or to cause to be done all such other acts and things as in such person’s or persons’ opinion may be necessary or desirable in order to carry out the intent of the foregoing resolutions and to give effect to the Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated 2023 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, such determination to be conclusively evidenced by the execution and delivery of such document or the doing of such act or thing by such person or persons.” The Board recommends a vote “FOR” the ordinary resolution approving the ESPP. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT • 63in the case of termination with cause, all options expire immediately upon termination. The Compensation Committee may incorporate into any option agreement terms which will, notwithstanding the time specified in such option agreement for the exercise of the option granted thereunder, allow the optionee to elect to purchase all or any of the Common Shares then subject to such option if the Compensation Committee in its discretion determines to permit the optionee to exercise the option in respect of such shares; provided, that the Stock Option Plan imposes restrictions on the acceleration of vesting of options in connection with a change of control. The Stock Option Policy prohibits the granting of options during a blackout period. In addition, it prohibits the granting of options to our non-executive directors. With respect to continuing employees that are to receive options, the Company’s policy is to make such grants annually, as of the fifth business day following the release of the Company’s results for the most recently completed fiscal year. The stock option portion of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards granted to the NEOs were awarded under the Stock Option Plan. Table of Contents  87 2024 Proxy Statement IAA 2019 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan PROPOSAL SIX: AMENDMENT OF THE COMPANY’S ARTICLES TO EFFECT NAME CHANGE Overview Pursuant to the acquisition of IAA in 2023, the Company assumed all outstanding unvested equity awards granted under the IAA 2019 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan (the “IAA Plan”). By the terms of the merger agreement, the IAA equity awards were automatically converted into options and RSUs covering an aggregate of 554,106 Common Shares. Otherwise, the IAA equity awards continued to be governed by the IAA Plan on the same terms and conditions (including vesting and vesting acceleration provisions) as applicable prior to the effective time of the merger. The Company is proposingdoes not intend to amend its articlesmake any additional awards under the IAA Plan. The terms and vesting of IAA equity awards granted under the IAA Plan are fixed by the plan administrator in connection with the grant of each IAA equity award and set forth in each award agreement. IronPlanet Stock Plans Pursuant to change its corporate namethe acquisition of IronPlanet in 2017, the Company assumed all outstanding unvested stock options (the “IronPlanet Options”) granted under the IronPlanet, Inc. 1999 Stock Plan (the “1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan”) and IronPlanet Holdings, Inc. 2015 Stock Plan (the “2015 IronPlanet Stock Plan”, and together with the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan, the “IronPlanet Stock Plans”). By the terms of the merger agreement and the stock option assumption notice provided to IronPlanet Option holders, the IronPlanet Options were automatically converted into options to acquire an aggregate of 737,358 Common Shares, with exercise prices per Common Share adjusted to give effect to the merger. Otherwise, the IronPlanet Options continued to be governed by the respective IronPlanet Stock Plans on the same terms and conditions (including vesting and vesting acceleration provisions) as applicable prior to the effective time of the merger. The Company does not intend to make any additional awards under the IronPlanet Stock Plans. The terms and vesting of IronPlanet Options granted under the IronPlanet Stock Plans are fixed by the respective plan administrator in connection with the grant of each IronPlanet Option and set forth in each option agreement. Nonetheless, the option term may not exceed (i) 10 years from “Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated”the grant date or (ii) such shorter term as may be provided in the option agreement. The circumstances under which an IronPlanet Option will be exercisable in the event that the optionee ceases to “RB Global, Inc.”be employed or such other name as is acceptableto provide services to the Company and applicable regulatory authorities (the “Name Change”). Under section 173(1)(a)or one of its subsidiaries or affiliates are, (i) under the CBCA, to effect the name change of the Company, the Company’s shareholders will need to pass a special resolution approving an amendment to the Company’s articles to change its name to “RB Global, Inc.” or such other name as is acceptable to the Company and applicable regulatory authorities (the “Name Change Amendment Resolution”). The new name better represents the breadth of the Company’s business as we evolve beyond auctions and expand our solution2015 IronPlanet Stock Plan, set and marketplace offerings. Section 173 of the CBCA permits, by special resolution of the shareholders, an amendment to the articles of a company to change its name. At the Meeting, the Company’s shareholders will be asked to consider the Name Change Amendment Resolution, the full text of which is set out below, authorizing the Company to amend the Company’s articles to change its name to “RB Global, Inc.” or such other name as is acceptable to the Company and applicable regulatory authorities. Approval of the Name Change Amendment Resolution requires the affirmative vote of not less than two-thirds of the votes cast in respect of the resolution by shareholders present in person or represented by proxy at the Meeting. If shareholders approve the Name Change, subject to the approval of the TSX and the NYSE, the Company intends to file the articles of amendment, in prescribed form pursuant to the CBCA, to effect the legal name change at a dateforth in the future, tooption agreement, which provisions may be waived or modified by the Board or Compensation Committee at any time, and (ii) under the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan, as follows, unless otherwise determined by the Board when it considers itor any of its committees: • in the case of termination of employment or service other than as provided below, the optionee has up to three months after the date of such termination (but in no event later than the expiration date of such IronPlanet Option) to exercise the IronPlanet Option; • in the case of termination of employment or service as a result of such optionee’s total and permanent disability, the optionee may exercise the IronPlanet Option within 12 months from the date of termination, or as a result of such optionee’s certain other types of disability, the optionee may exercise the IronPlanet Options under the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan within six months from the date of termination (but in no event later than the expiration date of such IronPlanet Option); or • in the case of death of the optionee during the term of employment or service or within 30 days following termination of employment or service, the IronPlanet Option may be exercised at any time within 12 months following the date of death (but in no event later than the expiration date of such IronPlanet Option). The IronPlanet Stock Plans’ respective administrator may at any time offer to buy out for a payment in cash or Common Shares any IronPlanet Option previously granted under the IronPlanet Stock Plans on such terms and conditions as such administrator will establish and communicate to the optionee at the time that such offer is made. In the event of certain change of control transactions (i) under the 2015 IronPlanet Stock Plan, each outstanding IronPlanet Option will be treated as the administrator determines and the administrator need not treat all outstanding IronPlanet Options (or portions thereof) in an identical manner, and (ii) under the best interests1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan, each outstanding IronPlanet Option will be assumed or an equivalent option or right will be substituted by the successor corporation or a parent or subsidiary of such successor corporation, unless such successor corporation does not agree to assume the outstanding IronPlanet Options or to substitute equivalent options, in which case such IronPlanet Options will terminate upon the consummation of the transaction.   88 2024 Proxy Statement Performance Share Unit Plans The Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Executive PSU Plan (the “Executive PSU Plan”) and Amended and Restated Employee PSU Plan (the “Employee PSU Plan” and, together with the Executive PSU Plan, the “PSU Plans”) permit the Company to grant PSUs to employees. A PSU is an award under which the recipient is eligible to earn a payment during an applicable performance period based upon the performance of the Company to implement the Name Change. The Name Change will become effective on the date shown on the certificate of amendment to be issued pursuant to the CBCA. Notwithstanding the foregoing, even if the Name Change Resolution is approved by the shareholdersagainst certain criteria during and at the Meeting,end of such performance period. The PSUs, following vesting, entitle the Board may elect notparticipant to proceed withreceive, at the Name Change, at its sole discretion. Shareholder Approval and Board Recommendation The text of the Name Change Amendment Resolution is set forth below: “BE IT RESOLVED, as a special resolution of the shareholders of the Company that: 1. The Company be and is hereby authorized pursuant to 173(1)(a) of the Canada Business Corporations Act (the “CBCA”) to amend its articles to change the Company’s name to “RB Global, Inc.” or such other name as is acceptable to the Company and applicable regulatory authorities (the “Amendment”). 2. Any one director or officer of the Company be, and each of them hereby is, authorized and directed, for and on behalf of the Company, to execute and deliver for filing with the Director under the CBCA articles of amendment in respect of the Amendment and such other documents as are necessary or desirable in connection with the Amendment. 3. The directors of the Company be and are hereby authorized and empowered, in their sole discretion, not to proceed with the Amendment at any time without further approval of the shareholders of the Company. 4. Any one director or officer of the Company be and is hereby authorized and directed for and in the name of and on behalf of the Company to execute or cause to be executed and to deliver or cause to be delivered all such documents, and to do or cause to be done all such acts and things, as in the opinion of such director or officer may be necessary or desirable in order to carry out the terms of this resolution, such determination to be conclusively evidenced by the execution and delivery of such documents or the doing of any such act or things.” The Board recommends a vote “FOR” the special resolution approving the Name Change. 64 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS A Letter From our Compensation Committee Chair Dear Fellow Shareholders, On behalfelection of the Compensation Committee I would like to thank you for your continued investment inor the Company and your supportBoard, either cash or Common Shares, net of applicable withholding taxes. The amount of the leadership team’s workpayment to accelerate Ritchie Bros.’ transformation. We encourage you to review the Compensation Discussion & Analysis section that details how we viewed 2022 compensation decisions and factors that informed them. Buildingbe made is calculated based on the multiple performance milestonesnumber of 2022,vested PSUs multiplied by the acquisitionfair market value of IAA, Inc., which was successfully completed in March 2023, opensone Common Share as at the date of vesting, based on the volume weighted average price of a new chapter of growth for Ritchie Bros. We are optimistic aboutCommon Share reported by the opportunities it has unlocked to drive significant value creation for our shareholders, customers and employees. The Compensation Committee is focused on evolving the Company’s compensation program to ensure it supports the success of the new enterprise and incentivizes progress on our core strategy. As we consider potential enhancements, we remain committed to reflecting our shareholders’ input, which we believe is an important factor in designing the compensation program. We are also committed to maintaining the essential tenets of our pay-forperformance approach that instill leadership accountability, set rigorous performance goals and reward results only when we deliver sustained shareholder value. To ensure we have the best talent to execute on our transformation efforts and our teams remain focused on delivering business outcomes across our expanded global operations, at this Annual and Special Meeting, we are also presenting for shareholder approval the 2023 Share Incentive Plan. Long-term equity incentives are an important element of our broad compensation program, and the 2023 Plan is designed to keep our program competitive with the market to attract, motivate and retain experienced and talented employees, while aligning the interest of our employees, officers and non-executive directors with those of our shareholders. We look forward to continuing the dialogue with our shareholders and respectfully request your support for our 2022 Say-on-Pay and 2023 Share Incentive Plan proposals. Sincerely,   Lisa Hook Chair, Compensation Committee (On behalf of the entire Compensation Committee) 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 65 Table of Contents Executive compensation The Compensation Discussion and Analysis included in this Proxy Statement provides information about the compensation for our NEOs in 2022, including an analysis of the overall objectives of our compensation programNYSE for the year and each element of compensation provided. Because the IAA transaction was completed in 2023, the information presented in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis and related compensation tables relates to decisions made with respect to executive compensation for 202220 trading days prior to the acquisition. Moving forward, the Company will be developing compensation programs to focus on the new combined company and the related opportunities, while ensuring focus on executing our core strategy. In recognitiondate of the transition to a combined company, neither Ritchie Bros. nor IAA granted 2023 annual equity awards to its employees prior to completion of the acquisition, and such awards are expected to be made after approvalvesting. Upon adoption of the 2023 Plan, described in proposal 4. Recently, we have engaged with a large numberthe Company froze the PSU Plans and, as such, will not be granting any additional awards under the PSU Plans. A total of our shareholders on a variety428,894 outstanding PSUs to acquire an aggregate of topics, including executive compensation as well as428,894 Common Shares pursuant to the impact of the IAA acquisition. AsPSU Plans remain outstanding. If the Compensation Committee createsor the blueprintBoard determines to satisfy the payment in Common Shares, the amount of the payment, net of applicable withholding taxes, will either be satisfied by the issuance of Common Shares to the participant or by making open market purchases of Common Shares on behalf of the participant, as determined by the Compensation Committee or the Board, subject to certain restrictions including that vested PSUs held by our NEOs may not be satisfied through open market purchased Common Shares. No more than 500,000 Common Shares will be purchased in the open market under the PSU Plans. The PSU Plans provide the Compensation Committee and the Board with significant discretion regarding the vesting terms and criteria for PSUs, including the Company’s post-integration executive compensation program, we will continuewaiver of any vesting restrictions. Additional PSUs are credited on PSUs held by participants corresponding to engage with shareholders and consider their feedback.dividends declared on the Common Shares. Unless the Board or Compensation Committee otherwise determines, in the event of termination of a participant’s employment by the Company or an affiliate: ► Named executive officers Ann Fandozzi Chief Executive Officer Appointed January 2020 Eric Jacobs Chief Financial Officer Appointed June 2022 Sharon Driscoll(1) Executive Vice President and Advisor to the CEO Appointed June 2022 James Kessler(2) President and Chief Operating Officer Appointed September 2021 Baron Concors(3) Chief Product and Technology Officer Appointed November 2022 Carmen Thiede(4) Chief Transformation and People Officer Appointed September 2022 (1) The Company announced Ms. Driscoll’s retirement within the next two years in an 8-K filed on October 6, 2021 with the SEC. Ms. Driscoll joined the Company as Chief Financial Officer in July 2015 and served in such capacity until Mr. Jacob’s appointment. (2) Mr. Kessler joined the Company as Chief Operating Officer in May 2020. (3) Mr. Concors joined the Company as Chief Information Officer in March 2020. (4) Ms. Thiede joined the Company as Chief Human Resources Officer in April 2020. 66 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Business Update Over the past three years, Ritchie Bros. has embarked on a journey to transform into a leading global marketplace for insights, services and transaction solutions across a variety of asset classes including commercial transportation and construction. The business has pivoted to focus on buyers and sellers, which has enabled it to unlock various opportunities to drive growth. Most notably, (i) its satellite yard strategy reduces transportation costs for sellers and has driven 50%+ incremental customers into the ecosystem, and (ii) its new go-to-market model, underpinned by an inside sales team, works in conjunction with local yards to target the vast universe of sellers - the “long tail” of which represents 80% of the equipment across some of our verticals. This is critical to the marketplace flywheel as increased transaction velocity through the ecosystem delivers enhanced margins and returns. Understanding the unique value proposition of our marketplace led to a series of organic and inorganic initiatives that underscore the marketplace vision of attaching and monetizing services across a growing number of assets. These initiatives have included: • Ritchie List: aimedwithout cause, including following the incapacity of the participant, the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of PSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at bringing sellers into the ecosystemlast day of active employment that subsequently vest, on a prorated basis to eventually offer services on assets to transact on their own;reflect the portion of the vesting period during which the participant was employed; • Ritchie Bros. Financial Services: early beneficiary of the marketplace vision with revenue growth rates of 47% annually;for cause, unvested PSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • Rouse: data business acquired to drive better outcomes for at-risk business, price realization for sellersas a result of voluntary resignation by the participant (other than retirement), unvested PSUs will not vest and vision to create the “Kelly Blue Blook” for yellow iron;will be forfeited; • SmartEquip: acquisitionas a result of retirement of the participant (when the participant is at least 55 years old), the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of PSUs recorded in the participant’s PSU account as at the last day of active employment that underpins the vision of attaching parts and service contracts on behalf of dealer and OEM partners to assets transacted within the ecosystem;subsequently vest; and • IAA: acquisitionupon the death of a key playerparticipant, the beneficiary or legal representatives of the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of PSUs recorded in the counter-cyclical salvage vehicle market to enhance our marketplace model. Compensation Overview ► Compensation governance and best practices WHAT WE DO Provide short-term and long-term incentive plans with performance targets aligned to business goals Maintainparticipant’s account as at the date of death that vest thereafter, which payment shall be settled in shares, net of applicable tax withholding or shall be payable by a Compensation Committee composed entirelylump sum cash payment, net of independent directors who are advised by an independent compensation consultant Require stock ownership for all senior leaders Directors and members of management, including members of our Compensation Committee and our Independent Chair, engage with shareholders and other stakeholders on various topics, including our compensation program and philosophy Include non-competition and non-solicitation terms in all employment agreements with senior leaders, where permitted by law Maintain an Insider Trading Policy requiring directors, executive officers, and all other senior leaders to trade only during pre-established periods after receiving preclearance from our General Counsel Have only double trigger (change in control and termination of employment) vesting provisions Complete an annual risk review evaluating incentive compensation plans Require short-term cash and long-term equity awards for all executive officers to be subject to clawback and cancellation provisions 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 67 Table of Contents WHAT WE DON’T DO Provide gross-up payments to cover personal income taxes or excise taxes pertaining to executive severance benefits Pay above-market interest on deferred compensation in retirement plans Allow any director or employee to engage in hedging or pledging of our securities, including those received as compensation Reward executives for excessive, imprudent, inappropriate, or unnecessary risk-taking Allow the repricing, spring-loading, or backdating of equity awards Guarantee incentive payouts from short-term or long-term incentive awardsapplicable tax withholding. Shareholder engagement The Company views shareholder engagement asFor participants in the Executive PSU Plan, if a continuous process and annually seeks feedback directly from our shareholders. Through these engagements, we received positive feedback in support of our executive compensation program, and the Compensation Committee’s decision to further drive accountability and reinforce our growth strategy. We engaged 50 of our top shareholders representing more than 75% of our then outstanding shares. The Compensation Committee seeks to align the Company’s executive compensation programparticipant’s employment with the interests of the Company’s shareholders. The Compensation Committee considers the results of the annual Say-on-Pay vote, the long-term vision and strategic goalsCompany or a subsidiary of the Company input from management, input from its independent compensation consultant,is terminated (i) by the Company or subsidiary, other than for cause, upon a change of control or within two years following a change of control or (ii) by the participant for good reason, as defined in the Executive PSU Plan, upon a change of control or within one year following a change of control, then all PSUs recorded in the participant’s PSU account as at the date of termination shall vest, and investor engagement feedback when setting and developing compensation plans for our executives. In 2022, 83.5%the participant will be entitled to receive a cash payment in respect of all vested PSUs, net of all applicable tax withholdings, within 30 days of the votes cast were voted in favordate of our executive compensation program.termination. The Compensation Committee believes that these results indicate that our shareholders generally approve For purposes of the structureExecutive PSU Plan, a “change of our executive compensation program. In lightcontrol”, unless otherwise defined in the applicable grant agreement or grant letter, means the occurrence of any one of the results of the advisory Say-on-Pay vote on our named executive officers for 2021, the Compensation Committee structured executive compensation for 2022 in a manner that was generally consistent with our 2021 executive compensation program.following events: We considered shareholder feedback in evaluating our LTI design for 2022. During our discussions with shareholders, we received mixed feedback on the performance metrics used for our performance-based LTI awards. Specifically, while some shareholders have asked us to consider using additional or different performance measures for our LTI awards, others agree with the Compensation Committee that measures we use are the best measures to ensure accountability of our senior executives and focus on cash generation to support the Company’s strategy. While the Compensation Committee seriously considered shareholder feedback regarding performance-based LTI awards, the Compensation Committee determined that the current performance metrics remained appropriate and best aligned in supporting our objectives of motivating our executives to drive shareholder value, as well as recruiting and retaining top talent in our industry at such time. More recently, we have engaged with shareholders extensively about the IAA acquisition. We greatly value the varied perspectives that have been shared and the engagement we have had with our shareholders. We are committed to continuing an open and constructive dialogue with our shareholders as we focus on executing a successful integration and developing compensation programs focused on the new combined company. 68 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Compensation program – Key Elements ► 2022 STI and 2022 LTI Overview The 2022 STI focused leadership on three key financial measures. The total potential payout for the STI ranged from 0% to 200% based on performance against objective, pre-established targets with payout to occur only if threshold performance of at least one financial measure was met. The 2022 LTI has the same design as in 2021 and features stock options (50% of total LTI) to align the interests of our most senior leaders with those of shareholders in share price appreciation and performance share units (“PSUs”) (50% of total LTI) that are earned only if performance measures that drive long-term results are achieved. The performance measures for the PSUs are equally weighted between Earnings Compound Annual Growth Rate (“CAGR”) and Cumulative Operating Free Cash Flow per Share (“OFCF”), and performance payouts are capped at 200% of target. The total payout for performance ranges from 0% to 200% based on performance against the objective, pre-established targets. At least one financial measure must be met for any portion of the PSUs to be earned and vest. Focusing performance on Agency Proceeds, Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income and OFCF in the short-term, combined with measuring Earnings CAGR and Cumulative OFCF per share, provided direct alignment of our executive compensation program with the interests of our shareholders and focuses senior leaders on making the investments that will provide profitable long-term growth. ► Peer group The Compensation Committee annually reviews the peer group for compensation benchmarking comparisons and makes updates as needed to align with established criteria and Company strategy. We do not limit the peer group to our industry alone because we believe compensation practices for NEOs at other large U.S.-based multinational companies affect our ability to attract and retain diverse talent around the globe. The Compensation Committee considered the following factors when selecting the peer group used to inform 2022 target compensation levels for our NEOs: Qualitative Criteria Quantitative Metrics: Considerations Unique to RB: Growth companies that: •  have global auction/marketplace operations •  serve a similar customer base or customers for the equipment we auction •  compete for a similar talent pool We focus on the following financial metrics: •  revenue •  market capitalization •  cash flow •  operating income •  Adjusted EBITDA •  gross margins •  GTV—which we compare to peers as a multiple of their revenue •  No direct peers •  Infrastructure complexities 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 69 Table of Contents Based on the above quantitative, qualitative and unique considerations described above, the Compensation Committee selected the following peer group for 2022 compensation benchmarking purposes: Peer Group • Copart, Inc.a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, acquiring or accumulating beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Common Shares; • Herc Holdings Inca person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, holding or beneficially owning at least 25% of the Common Shares and being able to change the composition of the Board by having the person’s or group of persons’ nominees elected as a majority of the Board; or • Toromont Industries Ltd.the arm’s length sale, transfer, liquidation or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, over a period of one year or less, in any manner whatsoever. The PSU portion of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards granted to the NEOs was awarded under the Executive PSU Plan.   89 2024 Proxy Statement Restricted Share Unit Plans The Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Executive RSU Plan (the “Senior Executive RSU Plan”) and Amended and Restated Employee RSU Plan (the “Employee RSU Plan” and, together with the Senior Executive RSU Plan, the “RSU Plans”) permit the Company to grant RSUs to employees. Upon adoption of the 2023 Plan, the Company froze the RSU Plans and, as such, will not be granting any additional awards under the RSU Plans. A total of 32,711 outstanding RSUs to acquire an aggregate of 32,711 Common Shares pursuant to the RSU Plans remain outstanding. An RSU is an award under which the recipient is eligible to earn a cash payment or a specified number of our Common Shares following an applicable vesting period based. The RSUs, following vesting, entitle the participant to: (i) a specified amount of cash, net of all applicable withholding taxes; (ii) a payment that, net of all applicable withholding taxes, will be satisfied by the issuance of Common Shares; or (iii) a payment that, net of all applicable withholding taxes, will be applied to open market purchases of Common Shares on behalf of participants; provided that this method of settlement is not available for certain of our officers and directors. The payment to be received, or applied to the purchase or issuance of Common Shares, is based on the number of vested RSUs multiplied by the fair market value of one Common Share as at the date of vesting. The maximum number of Common Shares that may be issued or delivered pursuant to open market purchases under the RSU Plans is 800,000. Unless the Board or Compensation Committee otherwise determines, in the event of termination of a participant’s employment by the Company or an affiliate: • CoStar Group, Inc.without cause, including following the incapacity of the participant, the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of RSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest, on a prorated basis to reflect the portion of the vesting period during which the participant was employed; • KAR Auction Services, Inc.for cause, unvested RSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • TripAdvisor, Inc.as a result of voluntary resignation by the participant (other than retirement), unvested RSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • Etsy, Inc.as a result of retirement of the participant (when the participant is at least 55 years old), the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of RSUs recorded in the participant’s RSU account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest; and • KBR, Inc.upon the death of a participant, the beneficiary or legal representatives of the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of RSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the date of death that vest thereafter, which payment shall be settled in shares, net of applicable tax withholding or shall be payable by a lump sum cash payment, net of applicable tax withholding. For participants in the Senior Executive RSU Plan, if a participant’s employment with the Company or a subsidiary of the Company is terminated (i) by the Company or subsidiary, other than for cause, upon a change of control or within two years following a change of control or (ii) by the participant for good reason, as defined in the Senior Executive RSU Plan, upon a change of control or within one year following a change of control, then all RSUs recorded in the participant’s RSU account as at the date of termination shall vest, and the participant will be entitled to receive a cash payment in respect of all vested RSUs, net of all applicable tax withholdings, within 30 days of the date of termination. For purposes of the Senior Executive RSU Plan, a “change of control”, unless otherwise defined in the applicable grant agreement or grant letter, means the occurrence of any one of the following events: • WillScot Mobile Mini, Holdings Corp.a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, acquiring or accumulating beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Common Shares; • Finning International Inc.a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, holding or beneficially owning at least 25% of the Common Shares and being able to change the composition of the Board by having the person’s or group of persons’ nominees elected as a majority of the Board; or • Rush Enterprises, Inc.the arm’s length sale, transfer, liquidation or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, over a period of one year or less, in any manner whatsoever.   •90 Zillow Group, Inc. • Generac Holdings Inc. • TMX Group Ltd. Since the peer group was selected prior to our acquisition of IAA, the Compensation Committee is re-evaluating the peer group for fiscal year 2023. ► How we use benchmarking data to assess compensation We benchmark pay practices and compensation levels against the proxy statement disclosures of our peer group. In addition, we use executive compensation surveys to benchmark relevant market data for executive positions and adjust this data to reflect the Company’s size and market-expected compensation trends. Furthermore, the Compensation Committee reviews an analysis completed by its independent compensation consultant of the competitive position of each of our executives relative to its benchmark data. We review each element of compensation compared with the market and generally target each element of our total direct compensation (base salary, STI, and LTI) for the executive group to be within a competitive range of the market median. An individual element or an individual’s total direct compensation may be positioned above or below the market median due to a variety of considerations, such as specific responsibilities, experience, and performance. ► How we plan compensation2024 Proxy Statement RB Management Consultants to the Compensation Committee Compensation Committee •   Makes recommendations regarding compensation structure and design •   Provides input on individual performance and results against key business goals •   Provides additional information as requested by the Committee •   Assists with peer group selection and analysis •   Advises the Committee on competitive benchmarking pay levels, practices and governance trends •   Reviews and advises on recommendations, plan design and measures •   Approves plan design, metrics, goals and overall incentive compensation funding levels and peer group •   Approves individual targets and actual compensation for our executive team •   Ensures alignment and integration of RB’s strategic goals into the executive compensation program ► Performance-based compensation structure Employee Stock Purchase Plan Our incentive plans are The Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) was approved by the Company's shareholders in May 2023, and includes two components: an IRC Section 423 Component (the “423 Component”) and a non-IRC Section 423 Component (the “Non-423 Component”). It is our intention that the 423 Component qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” under Section 423 of the IRC. Under the Non-423 Component, which does not qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” within the meaning of Section 423 of the IRC, rights will be granted pursuant to rules adopted by the administrator of the ESPP designed to optimize long-term financial returnsachieve tax, securities laws or other objectives for our shareholders and reward our NEOs for delivering on the Company’s strategy. The 2022 performance-based structure incorporated short-term and long-term incentives tied to financial measures to drive Company performance for fiscal year 2022 and beyond. The Compensation Committee believes a majority of the compensation opportunity should be performance-based and at risk to align the interests of executives with those of shareholders.eligible employees. 70 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Target Compensation Mix for the CEO Target Compensation Mix for the Other NEOs Compensation principles The compensation provided to our senior leaders is guided by a pay-for-performance philosophy and the following principles: Align with Shareholders –Compensation paid should align directly with the long-term interests of our shareholders, and our executives should share with them in the performance and value of our Common Shares. Enable Company Strategy – Compensation should be based on challenging Company performance and strategic goals, which are within our executives’ control, and reward performance aligned with the Company’s strategy, values, and expected behaviors. Market Competitive – Target compensation should have an appropriate mix of short-term and long-term pay elements and should be competitive (market median) with that paid to individuals at peer group companies so that it attracts, motivates, and retains talent. Avoid Excessive Risk Taking – Compensation structure should avoid incentivizing unnecessary and excessive risk taking. Simple Design –Compensation plans should be easy to understand and communicate, and minimize unintended consequences. Compensation elements   ►60 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Elements Compensation structure The 20222023 compensation structure is market competitive, with each pay element targeted at or near the market median and includes the following pay elements: 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 71 Table of Contents ELEMENT PURPOSE PERFORMANCE PERIOD PERFORMANCE PERIOD MEASURES PERFORMANCE MEASURES PAYOUT Base Salary Market-competitive base salary reflects contribution, background, knowledge, experience and performance — — — STI Annual cash incentive based on achievement of Company financial and strategic goals One Year January 1, 20222023 December 31, 20222023 Agency Proceeds, Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income, OFCF and Operating Free Cash Flow IAA Adjusted EBITDA 0%— – 200% PSUs Align leadership with long-term Company goals and shareholder interests Three-Years January 1, 20222023 December 31, 20242025 Earnings CAGR and Cumulative OFCF per Share Relative TSR 0%— – 200% RSUs Align leadership with shareholder interest in long-term share price Three-Year Ratable Vesting Share Price — Stock Options Align leadership with shareholder interest in long-term share price appreciation Three-Year Ratable Vesting 10-Year Term Absolute Share Price Appreciation — ► Perquisites and other compensation We provide perquisites and other compensation to our NEOs consistent with market practices. The following perquisites and other compensation were provided in 2022:2023: Car Allowance – NEOs are eligible to receive an annual car allowance. In addition, NEOs are eligible to use driver services provided by the Company in accordance with Company policies. Financial Counseling – NEOs are eligible to receive tax preparation and compliance services, subject to an annual limit, when they are required to work outside of their country of residence. These services allow our NEOs to focus on Company business and ensure accurate personal tax reporting. Executive Well-being – The health and wellness of our workforce is a priority, and all of our employees are encouraged to complete an annual physical. NEOs are eligible to receive a comprehensive wellness examination with an approved provider. These wellness visits promote employee well-being and enable employees to take appropriate steps in the event of illness or a medical condition that may impact their ability to perform their duties.   ►61 20222024 Proxy Statement 2023 Target compensation Our target total direct compensation for each NEO in 20222023 was as follows:                     LTI Targets       Name   Base Salary ($)   STI Target (%)   STI Target ($)   Target Total Cash Compensation ($)   PSUs(1) ($)   Stock Options ($)   Target Total Direct Compensation ($)   Ann Fandozzi   900,000   125%   1,125,000   2,025,000   2,300,000   2,300,000   6,625,000   Eric Jacobs(2)   575,000   100%   575,000   1,150,000   862,500   862,500   2,875,000   Sharon Driscoll(3)   480,625   75%   360,469   841,094   —   —   841,094   James Kessler   575,000   100%   575,000   1,150,000   862,500   862,500   2,875,000   Baron Concors   415,000   65%   269,750   684,750   518,750   518,750   1,722,250   Carmen Thiede   435,000   75%   326,250   761,250   391,500   391,500   1,544,250             LTI Targets                     Name Base Salary ($) STI Target (%) STI Target ($) Target Total Cash Compensation ($) PSUs1 ($) RSUs1 ($) Stock Options ($) Target Total Direct Compensation ($)3 James Kessler 850,000 125% 1,062,500 1,912,500 5,886,250 2,943,125 2,943,125 13,685,000 Ann Fandozzi 900,000 125% 1,125,000 2,025,000 – – – 2,025,000 Megan Cash2 260,867 60% 156,520 417,387 – 206,445 – 623,832 Eric Jacobs 575,000 100% 575,000 1,150,000 – – – 1,150,000 Baron Concors 575,000 80% 460,000 1,035,000 1,006,250 503,125 503,125 3,047,500 Jeff Jeter 600,000 125% 750,000 1,350,000 1,425,000 712,500 712,500 4,200,000 Darren Watt2 416,671 70% 291,670 708,340 312,503 156,252 156,252 1,333,347 Carmen Thiede 540,000 80% 432,000 972,000 729,000 364,500 364,500 2,430,000 1. (1) The number of PSUs and RSUs awarded is determined by using the target PSU value divided by the NYSE 20-day weighted volume averageclosing market price on the day immediately prior to the grant date. 72 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents 2. (2) Ms. Cash and Mr. Jacobs joined the company in June 2022 and received a pro-rata portion of his target base salary. (3) Ms. Driscoll isWatt are paid in Canadian dollars. Amounts reported are converted based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.76900.7411 for 2022.2023. Performance measures ►3. Executive compensation was thoroughly reviewed in 2023. Changes to executive compensation were made following a benchmarking exercise. Included in this exercise was the development of a peer group that was built to reflect the sizable increase in company size (fiscally and demographically), and an independent review by our compensation consultant, FW Cook. Executive compensation shown above generally aligns with market benchmark medians, except for Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs, who were no longer with the company at the time the adjustments were made. Performance Measures How we set performance targets The Compensation Committee approves the performance measures for the STI and LTI annually. The Compensation Committee reviews recommendations from management, receives input from its independent compensation consultant, evaluates the annual budget and mid-term business plan, and reviews prior year performance to approve value-creating goals tied to long-term shareholder value. ► 20222023 STI performance measures STI performance measures are linked to the Company’s annual financial goals and strategic goals that drive our long-term strategy. The Compensation Committee annually reviews and approves STI performance measures that align with shareholders’ interests. STI awards, if any, are determined based on final Company financial performance and the Compensation Committee’s assessment of performance against objective, pre-established targets. The 20222023 STI targets were aligned to the Board-approved budget for the year. Changes were made to the 2023 STI to reflect the acquisition of IAA and consider the time of the year the transaction was completed. NEOs with cross-organizational responsibilities were aligned with this updated plan (Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI), including metrics and weightings in order to align behaviors and drive performance on a combined-entity basis. The named executive officers had the following STI Plan alignment for 2023: Name STI Plan ($) James Kessler Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Ann Fandozzi Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Megan Cash 2023 STI Eric Jacobs Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Baron Concors Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Jeff Jeter 2023 STI Darren Watt Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Carmen Thiede Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI   62 2024 Proxy Statement The table below describes each STI performance measure for 2022,the 2023 STI and Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI, including its weighting, its target, and the leadership behavior each measure drives. STI Performance Measure   Weight   Target   Leadership Behaviors Agency Proceeds ($M)(1)   33%   $1,007.0   Focus on revenue and driving growth Operating Free Cash Flow ($M)(2)   33%   $266.3   Focus on driving strong cash flow to invest in the business Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income(3)   34%   $377.0   Focus on performance that emphasizes cost management and supports the Company’s Strategic goals 2023 STI STI Performance Measure1 Weight Target Leadership Behaviors Agency Proceeds ($M) 33% $1,127.0 Focus on revenue and driving growth Operating Free Cash Flow ($M) 33% $128.0 Focus on driving strong cash flow to invest in the business Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income 34% $422.0 Focus on performance that emphasizes cost management and supports the Company’s strategic goals 1. (1) Agency Proceeds, OFCF and Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income are non-GAAP measures. For a description of Agency Proceeds,these non-GAAP measures, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI STI Performance Measure1 Weight Target Leadership Behaviors Agency Proceeds ($M) 25% $1,127.0 Focus on revenue and driving growth Operating Free Cash Flow ($M) 25% $128.0 Focus on driving strong cash flow to invest in the business Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income 25% $422.0 Focus on performance that emphasizes cost management and supports the Company’s strategic goals IAA Adjusted EBITDA 25% $594.0 Focus on enterprise results 1. (2) Agency Proceeds, OFCF, Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income and IAA Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures. For a description of Operating Free Cash Flow,these non-GAAP measures, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. (3) For a description of Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. The potential payouts for each Company performance measure range from 0% to 200% of target based on actual Company performance. The payout for threshold performance is discussed on page 75;65; performance below threshold results in a 0%no payout. Final STI awards are calculated as follows: Target Incentive Base Salary times STI Target X STI Performance Calculated based on weighted performance of all measures = STI Payout ► 2022–20242023–2025 LTI performance measures Grants made under the LTI are intended to link the financial interests of NEOs with the long-term interests of shareholders. When determining grant amounts, the Compensation Committee considers factors such as individual responsibilities, experience, and performance. In addition, the Compensation Committee factors relevant market compensation comparison data and input provided by its independent compensation consultant. LTI awards are 50% in the form of PSUs, 25% in the form of RSUs and 50%25% in the form of stock options. PSUs, to the extent earned, cliff-vest following a three-year performance period, while RSUs and stock options vest ratably over three years. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 73 Table of Contents Continuing for 2022, In 2023, the performance metrics for the PSUs arewere equally weighted between Earnings CAGR and Cumulative OFCF per share,rTSR, and both measures are subject to performance caps. The PSU performance measures promote the efficient use of capital for long-term growth in shareholder value with an increased focus on earnings growth and cash generation. The table below describes each PSU performance measure — its weighting, the leadership behavior each measure drives, and its payout. Performance Measure Weight Leadership Behaviors Payout Earnings CAGR 50% Focus on earnings growth, while being held accountable for successful execution of strategic objectives Below Threshold (0%) — Less than 6%10% Threshold (50%) — 6%10% Target (100%) — 10%14% Maximum (200%) — 14%18% or greater Cumulative OFCF per SharerTSR1 50% Focus on cash management, which aligns with shareholders, and is considered an indicatorrelative market performance of the Company’s financial health and business valuepeers Below Threshold (0%)(less than 25th percentile) — Less than $6.580% Threshold (50%) — $7.9425th percentile Target (100%) — $8.3450th percentile Maximum (200%) — $8.75 or greater75th percentile 1. If absolute TSR performance is negative, payout for this metric is capped at 100%.   63 2024 Proxy Statement The 2022–20242023–2025 PSUs, to the extent earned, will vest following the completion of the three-year performance period beginning January 1, 2022,2023, and may be earned at a level between 0% and 200% of target. Final PSU awards are calculated as follows: Earnings CAGR Performance Percentage Earnings CAGR results x 50.0% (Weighting Factor) + Cumulative OFCF per Share Performance Percentage Cumulative OFCF per Share results x 50.0% (Weighting Factor) = Percentage of PSUs that will Vest 0% to 200% of Target PSUs   The Company continued to focusfocused on Earnings CAGR and Cumulative OFCF per sharerTSR with respect to the 20222023 awards to support our strategic goals and align performance with our shareholders. We continue to prioritize and focus on accelerating growth while achieving strong, profitable growth with solid return on investment. Summary of outstanding performance awardsOutstanding Performance Awards Each PSU award features a three-year performance period resulting in overlapping awards that, in aggregate, cover a four-year period. The table below illustrates the performance period for the four PSU awards that include 20222023 in the performance period, and the corresponding performance measures and weights. The number of shares earned, if any, for each PSU award will be measured and determined at the end of the performance period. Award Performance Period Performance Measures & Weighting Potential Payouts Vest Date 2020-20232021 – 2023 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2022 1/3 ROIC 1/3 Earnings CAGR 1/3 Cumulative OFCF per share 0 - 200% March 4, 2023 2021-2023 1 January 2021 to 31 December 2023 50% Earnings CAGR 50% Cumulative OFCF per share1 0 -– 200% February 24,25, 2024 2021-20242021 – 2024(1)2 1 August 2021 to 31 July 2024 Company’s relative TSR compared to the TSR of the S&P 500 index members as of the date of grant 0 -– 300% August 11, 2024 2022-20242022 – 2024 1 January 2022 to 31 December 2024 50% Earnings CAGR 50% Cumulative OFCF per share 0 -– 200% March 14, 2025 2023 – 2025 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2025 50% Earnings CAGR 50% rTSR compared to the Russell 3000 index members as of the date of grant 0 – 200% March 14, 2026 1. (1)OFCF per Share is a non-GAAP measure. For a description of OFCF per Share, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. 2. The 2021-2024 Awards reflect the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards. See “Special Equity Awards” on page 76.65. Performance Results and Compensation Decisions 74 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Performance results and compensation decisions ► 20222023 STI results The payout of the 20222023 STI awards was calculated based on the Company’s achievement of Agency Proceeds, OFCF and Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income performance measures. Target goals were set in consideration of the prior year results and an expected return to business normalcy following the COVID-19 pandemic.results. The Company also delivered other strong 20222023 financial results and key business highlights. The payout of the Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI awards was calculated based on the Company’s 2023 STI performance measures and the added IAA-focused metric. Target goals were set in consideration of the prior year results and to incorporate IAA results.   64 2024 Proxy Statement Final 2023 STI and Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance, as determined and approved by the Compensation Committee, is displayed below. STI Measure Weight   Threshold   Target   Maximum   Performance  Result Agency Proceeds ($M)(1) 33%   $917   $1,007   $1,098   $1,093 OFCF ($M)(2) 33%   $247   $266   $293   $440 Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income(3) 34%   $324   $377   $431   $408 Performance Payout             189% of Target (1) For a description of Agency Proceeds, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. (2) For a description of Operating Free Cash Flow, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. (3) For a description of Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. 2023 STI Measure Weight Threshold Target Maximum Performance Result1 Agency Proceeds ($M) 33% $1,014 $1,127 $1,240 $1,173 OFCF ($M) 33% $115 $128 $141 $202 Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income ($M) 34% $379 $422 $464 $447 Performance Payout         167% of Target Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI Measure Weight Threshold Target Maximum Performance Result1 Agency Proceeds ($M) 25% $1,014 $1,127 $1,240 $1,173 OFCF ($M) 25% $115 $128 $141 $202 Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income ($M) 25% $379 $422 $464 $447 IAA Adjusted EBITDA ($M) 25% $535 $594 $653 $643 Performance Payout         171% of Target ► 2020-20222021-2023 LTI results The 2020-20222021-2023 PSUs vestedwill vest on March 4, 2023,February 24, 2024, based on Company performance for the three-year performance period beginning January 1, 20202021 against pre-established objective performance targets for Return on Invested Capital (“ROIC”), Earnings CAGR and OFCF per share. Final LTI performance, as determined and approved by the Compensation Committee is displayed below.       Percentile     LTI Measure Weight   Threshold   Target   Maximum   Performance Result ROIC(1) 1/3   12.6%   13.6%   Greater than 15.6%   13% Earnings CAGR(2) 1/3   6%   10%   Greater than 14%   21% OFCF per share(3) 1/3   $4.58   $4.94   Greater than $5.32   $8.69 Performance Payout                 167% of Target (1) For a description of ROIC see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. (2) For a description of Operating Free Cash Flow, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. (3) For a description of Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income, see Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 75     Percentile   LTI Measure Weight Threshold Target Maximum Performance Result1 Earnings CAGR 50% 6% 10% Greater than 14% 13.9% OFCF per share 50% $6.58 $7.10 Greater than $7.64 $8.71 Performance Payout         198% of Target Table of Contents ► 2021 Special Equity Awards To In 2021, to recognize that Ritchie Bros. isRB Global was in the midst of major transformational change being led by a new CEO and senior management team, the Compensation Committee considered a variety of potential compensation alternatives to further motivate and accelerate the execution of the strategic transformation and create strong alignment between management and shareholders. In August 2021, the Compensation Committee approved the 100% performance-based one-time Special Transformation Incentive Awards that require significant shareholder value creation as measured by both absolute and relative stock price performance before any payout is achieved. It does this via a combination of premium priced stock options (“PPOs”) and PSUs. The program also supports retention of the Ritchie Bros.RB Global executive team, many of whom arewere newly tenured and thus had limited unvested Company share holdings. The grant value was approximately equal to the current annual LTI grant value for each participant. In June 2022, the Compensation Committee approved 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards to our new CFO.CFO at that time, Mr. Jacobs. Half of the grant date fair value is in the form of PPOs that cliff vest on August 12, 2024, the three-year anniversary of the grant date (with certain exceptions, no interim vesting) with a 6-year maximum option term to ameliorate overhang relative to typical ten-year option terms. PPOs were granted with three premium exercise prices equal to $80, $90 and $100, which represented appreciation from the grant date of approximately 35%, 52% and 69%, respectively. Attainment of these prices would result in an increase to the market capitalization from the grant date of $2.3 billion at an $80 share price, $3.4 billion at $90 and $4.5 billion at $100. 1. In determining actual 2023 STI and 2021-2023 LTI corporate performance against the above-mentioned targets, and the resulting payouts, the Compensation Committee made certain adjustments to the Company’s operating results to eliminate the impact of certain nonrecurring and extraordinary items including: (1) adjustments to all results for the difference in actual versus planned foreign currency rates used to determine the targets, and (2) adjustments to OFCF to remove the impact of costs directly related to the acquisition of IAA, which were not budgeted and therefore not captured in the target.   65 2024 Proxy Statement The other half of the award is in the form of PSUs that may be earned at the end of a three-year performance period ending on August 11, 2024. The performance required is challenging and awards are forfeited in their entirety if relative total shareholder return (“TSR”)rTSR is below the median of the S&P 500 index members as of the date of grant. Earned PSUs, if any, will vest on August 11, 2024 and must be held for 12 months after the three-year performance period. No dividend equivalents are awarded on the PSUs, meaning that the award is focused solely on share price appreciation in support of our commitment to the creation of sustainable shareholder value. The percentage of PSUs that will vest at the end of the three-year vesting period will be determined in accordance with the following definitions and targets. Performance Factor rTSR Performance Targets(1)1 % of Target PSUs Earned   The Company’s relative TSR (“rTSR”)rTSR over the Performance Period compared to the TSR over the Performance Period of S&P 500 index members as of the date of grant Below 50th50th percentile 0%   At or Above 50th50th percentile 50%   At or Above 62.5th62.5th percentile 100%   At or Above 75th75th percentile 150%   At or Above 87.5th87.5th percentile 200%   99th 99th percentile and above 300%   (1) 1.   rTSR achievement will be interpolated between levels.   76  66 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for James Kessler Table of Contents Compensation decisions for Ann Fandozzi ► Chief Executive Officer – August 1 through December 31, 2023 The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant: Base Salary– Held baseBase salary at $900,000.was increased from $575,000 to $850,000 upon his promotion to Chief Executive Officer in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $781,250. Short-Term Incentive– All NEOs have the same 2022Mr. Kessler had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive– In March 2022,August 2023, Mr. Kessler was awarded an annual LTI grant of $4.6$13.2 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 50%25% stock options based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation for 2022,2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Fixed Pay Element $781,250 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $1,816,875 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $7,268,239 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $2,943,885 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $2,943,875 TOTAL $15,754,124 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, which is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 67 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Ann Fandozzi Former Chief Executive Officer – January 1 through July 31, 2023 The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant: Base Salary – Ms. Fandozzi’s actual salary paid in 2023 was $528,409. Short-Term Incentive – Ms. Fandozzi did not receive an STI award for 2023. Long-Term Incentive – Ms. Fandozzi did not receive any LTI awards in 2023. Total awarded compensation for 2023 is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $900,000528,409 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $2,124,990— PSUs(1)1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $2,442,6650 Stock OptionsRSUs(1)1 Performance to Stock Price $0 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $2,236,5560 TOTAL $7,704,211528,409 (1)Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs and reflects the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation for stock options. 1. Ms. Fandozzi was not awarded 2023 LTI awards due to her resignation in August 2023. 2022 COMPENSATION AWARDED2023 Compensation Awarded   HISTORIC AWARDED VALUEHistoric Awarded Value (in millions)                 Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 68 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Megan Cash Principal Finance and Accounting Officer August 2, 2023 through December 31, 2023 The Compensation Committee made no changes to Ms. Cash’s Base Salary or Short-Term Incentive upon her appointment to Principal Finance and Accounting Officer. Base Salary – Her Base Salary is $260,867. Her actual salary paid in 2023 was $264,530. Stipend – Ms. Cash received a stipend of $74,110 in addition to her base salary for the period she was Principal Finance and Accounting Officer to recognize the additional roles and responsibilities she took on in that role. The stipend payments earned in 2023 are eligible for the 2023 STI payout. Bonus – Ms. Cash received a bonus of $99,307 related to the successful acquisition of IAA. Short-Term Incentive – Ms. Cash had 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In May 2023,Ms. Cash was awarded an annual LTI grant of $0.2 million, consisting of 100% RSUs based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Fixed Pay Element $264,530 Stipend Additional Fixed Pay Element for Additional Responsibilities $74,110 Bonus Discretionary Pay $99,307 STI (1) Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $376,446 PSUs Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $0 RSUs Performance to Stock Price $206,445 Stock Options Performance to Stock Price $0 TOTAL $1,020,838 (1)    For services in 2023, she received $74,110 in 2023 and $37,055 in 2024. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 69 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Eric Jacobs Former Chief Financial Officer – January 1 through August 1, 2023 The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Base salary remained $575,000. He received 18 months’ salary upon his departure from the Company. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $337,595. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Jacobs received a payment of 18 months’ of his target STI and a pro-rated 2023 STI payment at target per the terms of his employment agreement. Long-Term Incentive – Mr. Jacobs did not receive any LTI awards in 2023. Per the terms of his employment agreement the value of the unvested sign-on grant PSUs as of his departure date were included in his severance. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Fixed Pay Element $337,595 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $0 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $0 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $0 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $0 Severance Paid Pursuant to Employment Agreement $ 4,037,674 TOTAL $4,375,269 1. Mr. Jacobs was not awarded 2023 LTI awards in 2023 due to his departure from the Company in August 2023 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column with the exception of severance. 70 2024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Baron Concors Chief Product and Technology Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary – Increased base salary from $415,000 to $575,000, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $535,000. Short-Term Incentive – Mr. Concors had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive – In August 2023,Mr. Concors was awarded an annual LTI grant of $2.0 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation for 2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $535,000 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $786,600 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $1,242,250 RSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $503,176 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $503,143 TOTAL $3,570,169 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, and is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2023 Compensation Awarded Historic Awarded Value (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   2023 PROXY STATEMENT 71 772024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Jeff Jeter Table of Contents Compensation decisions for Eric Jacobs ► Chief FinancialRevenue Officer – June 6, 2022 through Present The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary– InitialIncreased base salary is $575,000. Upon joining the Company,from $450,000 to $510,000 in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023. In September upon his appointment to Chief Revenue Officer, his salary was adjusted to $600,000. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $525,000. Bonus – Mr. JacobsJeter received a $250,000 sign-on bonus. of $50,490 related to the successful acquisition of IAA.  Short-Term Incentive– All NEOs have the same 2022Mr. Jeter had 2023 STI performance measures. Mr. Jacobs was eligible for a full-year 2022 STI based on the terms of his employment agreement. Long-Term Incentive– In June 2022, based on the terms of his employment agreement,August 2023, Mr. JacobsJeter was awarded an annual LTI grant of $1.9$1.0 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 50%25% stock options based on target LTI. In connection with his hire, he was also awarded 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards of $2.0 million consisting of approximately 50% PSUs and 50% stock options. These PSUs and stock options are aligned with the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards grantedsalary prior to other NEOshis appointment in August 2021, with the stock options having premium option exercise prices of $80, $90 and $100. In addition, he was awarded a sign-on grant of $3.4 million PSUs that have the same performance measures as the 2022 LTI awards. See “Special Equity Awards” on page 76.September. Total awarded compensation for 2022,2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $329,150525,000 Sign-on Bonus One-Time Bonus Discretionary Pay $250,000 50,490 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $1,086,1061,252,500 PSUs(1)1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $5,382,709629,614 Stock OptionsRSUs(1)1 Performance to Stock Price $255,015 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $1,919,033255,000 TOTAL $8,966,9982,967,619 (1)1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, and reflectsis higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation for stock options.valuation. 2022 COMPENSATION AWARDED2023 Compensation Awarded   HISTORIC AWARDED VALUEHistoric Awarded Value (in millions)                 Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 78  2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Compensation decisions for Sharon Driscoll ►72 Executive Vice President and Advisor to the CEO and Former Chief Financial Officer – January 1, 2022 through June 5, 20222024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Darren Watt Chief Legal Officer The Compensation Committee made no changes to Ms. Driscoll’s Base Salary or Short-Term Incentive. However,the following pay decisions based on her decision to retire within two yearsperformance, competitive market data, and feedback from October 2021, they determined that no further LTI awards would be granted.its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary– HeldIncreased base salary at $480,625,from $325,600 to $425,000 in August 2023, which before conversionwas retroactive to USD, is $625,000 CAD.April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. His actual salary paid in 2023 was $401,840. Short-Term Incentive– All NEOs have the same 2022Mr. Watt had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive– Ms. Driscoll did not receiveIn August 2023, Mr. Watt was awarded an annual LTI awards in 2022.grant of $0.6 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 25% stock options. Total awarded compensation for 2022,2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay isIs At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $480,625401,840 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $680,882498,754 PSUs1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $0393,544 Stock OptionsRSUs1 Performance to Stock Price $159,399 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $0159,375 TOTAL $1,161,5071,612,912 1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and stock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation. 2022 COMPENSATION AWARDED2023 Compensation Awarded   HISTORIC AWARDED VALUEHistoric Awarded Value (in millions)                   Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.   2023 PROXY STATEMENT 73 792024 Proxy Statement Compensation Decisions for Carmen Thiede Table of Contents Compensation decisions for James Kessler ► President and Chief OperatingTransformation Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant:consultant and management: Base Salary– HeldIncreased base salary at $575,000 since his basefrom $435,000 to $540,000 in August 2023, which was retroactive to April 1, 2023 in consideration of when the IAA acquisition closed. Her actual salary paid in 2023 was increased in November 2021 when he was promoted to President and Chief Operating Officer.$513,750. Short-Term Incentive– All NEOs have the same 2022Ms. Thiede had Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive– In March 2022,August 2023, Ms. Thiede was awarded an annual LTI grant of $1.7$1.5 million, consisting of 50% PSUs, 25% RSUs and 50%25% stock options based on target LTI.options. Total awarded compensation for 2022,2023, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed belowbelow. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $575,000513,750 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $1,086,106738,720 PSUs(1)1 Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $916,000899,961 Stock OptionsRSUs(1)1 Performance to Stock Price $364,515 Stock Options1 Performance to Stock Price $838,710364,500 TOTAL $3,415,8162,881,446 (1)1. Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs, is higher than 50% of the awarded LTI value due to inclusion of the rTSR metric. RSUs reflect grant date fair value and reflectsstock options reflect the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation for stock options.valuation. 2022 COMPENSATION AWARDED2023 Compensation Awarded   HISTORIC AWARDED VALUEHistoric Awarded Value (in millions)                 Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 80  2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Compensation decisions for Baron Concors ►74 Chief Product and Technology Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base Salary– Increased base salary from $400,000 to $415,000. Short-Term Incentive– All NEOs have the same 2022 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive– In March 2022, awarded an annual LTI grant of $1.0 million, consisting of 50% PSUs and 50% stock options based on target LTI. Total awarded compensation for 2022, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $415,000 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $509,525 PSUs(1) Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $550,927 Stock Options(1) Performance to Stock Price $504,442 TOTAL $1,979,894 (1)Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs and reflects the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation for stock options. 2022 COMPENSATION AWARDED HISTORIC AWARDED VALUE (in millions)     Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column.2024 Proxy Statement 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 81 Table of Contents Compensation decisions for Carmen Thiede ► Chief Transformation and People Officer The Compensation Committee made the following pay decisions based on performance, competitive market data, and feedback from its independent compensation consultant and management: Base SalaryCompensation Policies and Governance Practices – Increased base salary from $415,000 to $435,000 in September 2022 upon her promotion to Chief Transformation and People Officer, which was retroactive to January 1, 2022 when her role was expanded to lead integration efforts and cross-functional initiatives. Short-Term Incentive– All NEOs have the same 2022 STI performance measures. Long-Term Incentive– In March 2022, awarded an annual LTI grant of $0.5 million, consisting of 50% PSUs and 50% stock options. In September 2022 upon her promotion to Chief Transformation and People Officer, awarded an incremental annual LTI grant of $0.3 million consisting of 50% PSUs and 50% stock options. Total awarded compensation for 2022, including salary, STI, and LTI, is displayed below. Pay Element Majority of Pay Is At-Risk Awarded Value Base Salary Only Fixed Pay Element $435,000 STI Performance to Annual Financial Metrics $616,247 PSUs(1) Performance to 3-Year Financial Metrics and Stock Price $440,113 Stock Options(1) Performance to Stock Price $419,390 TOTAL $1,910,750 (1) Value reflects grant date fair value at target performance for PSUs and reflects the grant date fair value using a Black-Scholes valuation for stock options. 2022 COMPENSATION AWARDED HISTORIC AWARDED VALUE (in millions) Awarded Value reflects the amount included in the Summary Compensation Table, excluding amounts reported in the All Other Compensation column. 82 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Compensation policies and governance practices ► Share ownership requirements The Company requires our senior leaders to own Company shares to align their interests with those of our shareholders. Our share ownership requirements: • Cover all senior leaders • Set a five-year time frame to meet ownership requirements • Require senior leaders to continually hold owned shares to maintain ownership requirements • Establish a multiple of each executive’s base salary on the date first covered The table below shows the share ownership requirement by level in the Company. As of December 31, 2022,2023, all NEOs have met or are on track to meet stock ownership requirements by their respective dates. Stock Ownership Covers all Senior Leaders CEO lllll•   •   •   •   • 5x annual base salary Senior Executives lll•   •   • 3x annual base salary Vice President l• 1x annual base salary Compensation risk assessmentRisk Assessment The Compensation Committee, with support from its independent consultant FW Cook, annually reviews the potential impact of our compensation programs on organizational risk. The Compensation Committee discusses the compensation programs and risk mitigation features when evaluating whether the programs encourage or reward employees for engaging in excessive, imprudent, inappropriate, or unnecessary risk-taking. The Committee also confirms the alignment of the compensation programs to the Company’s sustainability risks and opportunities. The annual risk review involved analyzing our current compensation programs in relation to risk. Our analysis concluded that our compensation programs include the following risk mitigation features: Mix of pay elements– Base salary, STI, PSUs, RSUs and stock options are included in the executive compensation program. Short-term and long-term plans– The mix of our short-term and long-term compensation appropriately rewards employees while balancing risk through the delayed payment of long-term awards. Adjustments to compensation– Maximum payout caps are in place for incentive compensation, and the Compensation Committee has the ability to apply negative discretion. Compensation committee oversight– Our Compensation Committee reviews plan performance and approves all executive compensation plans and payouts. Multiple performance measures– Multiple performance measures work together to balance risk in our incentive compensation plans. Stock ownership requirements– All senior leaders are subject to stock ownership requirements of at least one times their salary, as described above. Clawback and cancellation provisions– All awards are subject to our Clawback Policy, as described below. In addition, cancellation provisions apply to all outstanding STI and LTI awards. The Compensation Committee determined that our 20222023 compensation programs have sufficient risk mitigation features and do not encourage or reward employees for engaging in excessive, imprudent, inappropriate, or 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 83 Table of Contents unnecessary risk-taking. Based on the Compensation Committee’s review, the Committee determined our compensation programs to be low risk.   75 2024 Proxy Statement Clawback policyPolicy The Company has a In 2022, the SEC adopted final rules implementing the incentive-based compensation recovery provision of the Dodd-Frank Act. On November 7, 2023, the Board amended and restated the Company’s Executive Compensation Clawback Policy which permits recovery of both short(the “Amended and long-term incentiveRestated Clawback Policy”), covering incentive-based compensation from allreceived by current or former executive officers (the “Clawback Policy”) if: • the Company restates financial results, for any reason other than a change in applicable accounting rules or interpretations; and • the amount of the performance-based compensation paid or awarded to an executive officer would have been a lower amount had it been calculated based on such restated financial statement. In this circumstance, the Board may seek toon or after October 2, 2023. The Amended and Restated Clawback Policy provides that we must recover for the benefit of the Company the excess performance-basedincentive-based compensation (both STI and LTI) paiderroneously received by current or awardedformer executive officers during the three completed fiscal years immediately preceding such restatement. In lightthe year in which we are required to prepare an accounting restatement due to material noncompliance with financial reporting requirements. Erroneous payments must be recovered even if there was no misconduct or failure of oversight on the part of an individual executive officer. There are limited exceptions to our obligation to enforce the application of the SEC’s adoption of final clawback rulesAmended and Restated Clawback Policy. Such exceptions are available where (i) pursuing such recovery would be impractical because the direct expense paid to a third party to assist in October 2022enforcing the Amended and the NYSE’s issuance of a proposed rule in February 2023, we intend to update ourRestated Clawback Policy would exceed the recoverable amounts and we have made a reasonable attempt to comply with applicable NYSE listing rules when effective. recover such amounts and provided documentation of such attempts to NYSE; (ii) pursuing such recovery would violate our home country laws and we provide an opinion of counsel to that effect to the NYSE; or (iii) recovery would likely cause an otherwise tax-qualified retirement plan, under which benefits are broadly available to our employees, to fail to meet the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code. Trading company securitiesCompany Securities              Our Insider Trading Policy, which applies to (i) directors, executive officers, and employees of the Company, (ii) such persons’ family members, and (iii) Company contractors and consultants who have access to material nonpublic information concerning the Company (collectively, “Insiders”), prohibits Insiders from buying or selling Company securities when in possession of material nonpublic information and during other closed periods. Any sale or purchase of Common Shares by directors, executive officers, and all other senior leaders must be made during pre-established periods after receiving preclearance by the General Counsel.Chief Legal Officer or designated clearance officer. Trading in Company derivatives (i.e., puts or calls), engaging in short sales or otherwise engaging in hedging activities, and pledging of Company securities, including awards received as compensation, is prohibited for all Insiders. All Insiders are expected to be in compliance with the Insider Trading Policy and to not hedge nor pledge any Common Shares, including those shares they have received as compensation. Tax considerationsConsiderations The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted on December 22, 2017, modified IRC Section 162(m) and, among other things, limits the federal tax deduction for annual individual compensation paid up to $1 million for NEOs beginning with the 2018 tax year. Previously, compensation paid in excess of $1 million could be deducted if it qualified as performance-based compensation under IRC Section 162(m). While the Compensation Committee considers tax deductibility as one factor in determining executive compensation, the Compensation Committee also looks at other factors in making its decisions, as noted above, and retains the flexibility to award compensation that it determines to be consistent with the goals of our executive compensation program even if the compensation is not deductible by us for tax purposes. In addition, the Compensation Committee continues to closely align executive pay with performance, regardless of the elimination of the exception for qualified performance-based under IRC Section 162(m). Compensation committeeCommittee and consultant independenceConsultant Independence Our Compensation Committee is composed entirely of independent directors, as determined by the Board under NYSE guidelines and as defined for various regulatory purposes. Under its charter, the Compensation Committee has the authority to hire outside consultants and advisors at the Company’s expense. For 2022,2023, the Compensation Committee retained the services of Frederic W. Cook & Co., Inc. (“FW Cook”), an independent consultant, for advice on issues related to the compensation of NEOs and other executive compensation-related matters. FW Cook takes direction from, and is solely responsible to, the Compensation 84 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Committee, and does not provide services to the Company’s management. A representative from FW Cook attended all Compensation Committee meetings, either in person or virtually, consulted with and advised the Compensation Committee members on executive compensation, including the structure and amounts of various pay elements, and developed executive benchmarking data. The Compensation Committee is also aided in its deliberations by in-house and external legal counsel.   76 2024 Proxy Statement The Compensation Committee annually reviews the performance of its compensation advisers and considers the following factors when assessing the independence of FW Cook in accordance with NYSE standards: • Services provided to the Company management outside the services provided to the Compensation Committee • Fees paid as a percentage of FW Cook’s total revenue • Policies and procedures designed to prevent conflicts of interest • Any business or personal relationships between members of the Compensation Committee and FW Cook • Company share ownership by employees of FW Cook • Any business or personal relationships between the Company and FW Cook After reviewing the performance and independence of its consultant, the Compensation Committee determined FW Cook was independent based on the standards above. Employment and termination agreementsTermination Agreements The Company, through wholly-owned operating subsidiaries, has entered into an employment agreement with each of the NEOs. The employment agreements continue for an indefinite term period of time until terminated in accordance with the terms of such agreements. The terms of the employment agreements with Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs terminated upon the termination of their employment with the Company. Mr. Jacobs’ employment was terminated without cause under the terms of his employment agreement and he was paid the severance to which he was contractually entitled upon a termination of employment without cause pursuant to the terms of his employment agreement. The following is a summary of the material terms of those agreements.agreements as in effect in 2023. Compensation and benefitsBenefits The NEOs earn an annual base salary and may earn annual short-term incentives, determined as a percentage of base salary, and may be awarded long-term incentive grants determined as a percentage of base salary.grants. In addition, the NEOs may participate in the Company’s other long-term plans, including the U.S. Deferred Compensation Plan, the existing employee stock purchase plan, the Registered Retirement Savings Plan and the 401(k) plan, as applicable. For a discussion of the compensation earned by or awarded to the NEOs in 2022,2023, see pages 77–82.40–44. The NEOs are eligible to participate in the Company’s group benefit plans.plans available to employees generally. Confidentiality, non-solicitationNon-Solicitation and non-competitionNon-Competition Pursuant to their respective employment agreements, the NEOs are prohibited at all times from disclosing confidential information related to the Company. Each NEO, with the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, and Ms. Driscoll, is subject to provisions prohibiting his or her solicitation of the Company’s employees for 12 months following termination for any reason. Ms. Fandozzi’s prohibitions extend for a period of 24 months following termination and Ms. Driscoll’s prohibitions extend for 18 months following termination for any reason.termination. Each NEO, with the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, and Ms. Driscoll, is also subject to provisions prohibiting competition with the Company during the term of his or her employment and for a period of 12 months following termination for any reason. Ms. Fandozzi is prohibited from competing against the Company in Canada and the United States for a period of 24 months following termination. Ms. Driscoll’s prohibitions extend for 18 months following termination for any reason. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 85 Table of Contents Termination for causeCause With the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, the Company may terminate the employment of the NEOs, for “cause,” as defined in the employment agreements, at any time after providing the executive with at least 30 days’ notice of such proposed termination and allowing the executive 15 days to remedy the alleged defect. The Company may terminatecould have terminated the employment of Ms. Fandozzi with at least 10 days’ notice in certain circumstances. The employment agreements with the NEOs state that no STI or bonus payment will be payable to such NEO in the event of his or her termination for cause. In the event of termination for cause, sign-on stock options granted to the terminated NEO will be cancelled as of the date of his or her termination, and the NEO will have 30 days from the date of his or her termination to exercise any stock options that have vested prior to his or her termination, subject to the terms and conditions of the Company’s Stock Option Planapplicable Equity Plans and the applicable option agreements. Under the Company’s Stock Option Plan,Equity Plans, unvested stock options expire immediately upon termination for just cause. A terminated NEO’s rights with respect to PSUs and RSUs held are determined in accordance with the applicable PSU and RSU grant agreements and the terms and conditions of the respective PSU Plans and RSU Plansapplicable Equity Plan (as defined below). In the case of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, all PPOs will be canceled on the notice of termination date and all unvested PSUs will be cancelled on the termination date.   77 2024 Proxy Statement Termination without causeWithout Cause or voluntary terminationVoluntary Termination for good reasonGood Reason (including disability or death) In the event that a NEO’s employment is terminated without cause, each as defined in the employment agreements, subject to the executive’s execution and non-revocation of a general release of claims in favor of the Company, such NEO will be entitled to or, in the case of Ms. Fandozzi or Mr. Jacobs, was entitled to: • for Ms. Fandozzi, two years’ base salary, plus two years’ target STI bonus; • for Ms. Cash, 12 month’s base salary and 12 months’ target STI bonus; • for Mr. Jeter, six months’ base salary and six months’ target STI bonus, plus an additional one month’s base salary and 12% of the target STI per year of service up to a maximum of one year’s target STI bonus. • for Mr. Watt, six months’ base salary and STI at target, plus an additional one month’s base salary and target STI per year of service up to a maximum of 18 months’ base salary and target STI. • with the exception of Ms. Fandozzi, Ms. Cash, Mr. Jeter and Mr. Watt, 18 month’s base salary and 18 month’s target STI bonus; • a pro rata STI bonus for the year of termination, up to and including the NEO’s last day of active employment with the Company;Company, based on actual performance; • with the exception of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, immediate accelerated vesting of all unvested stock options, with the NEO given 90 days (or longer in certain cases) from the date of termination to exercise such stock options, subject to the terms of the Company’s Stock Option Plan and the applicable stock option agreements;options; the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PPOs will, in the case of termination due to disability, continue to vest in accordance with the original vesting schedule and the holder will have three years to exercise vested stock options, and, in all other cases, a pro-rated percentage of the unvested PPOs will vest immediately based on the percentage of the vesting period that preceded the date of termination. The remaining unvested PPOs will be cancelled. The NEO will have 90 days (or longer in certain cases) to exercise vested stock options; • pro-rated vesting of PSU and RSU awards based on the portion of performance period worked, payable at the same time as active employees and will be based on actual relative TSRrTSR performance, provided, in the case of termination due to disability, the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PSUs will not be pro-rated and will continue to vest; and • continued extended health and dental benefits coverage under existing cost sharing arrangements (or the cash equivalent) for up to one year after termination of his or her employment or the date on which he or she begins new full-time employment. In the case of a termination of a NEO as a result of the disability or death of the NEO, certain RSU, PSU and stock option awards may be subject to different treatment. See the relevant descriptions in “Stock Option Plan” on page 9387 and “Performance Share Unit Plans” on page 95.89. 86 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Under the terms of the employment agreements with the NEOs, NEOs may terminate their respective employment with the Company for “good reason,” as defined in the employment agreements, and, in the event of good reason, will receive pay and benefits as if terminated by the Company without cause, and the termination will be regarded as a termination without cause for purposes of the Company’s Stock Option Plan, PSU Plans and RSUEquity Plans. Under the employment agreements, NEOs may terminate their employment for good reason by delivery of written notice, including the basis for such good reason, to the Company within 60 days’ after the occurrence of good reason. Termination for good reason will be effective 30 days after delivery in the event the Company fails or is unable to cure such good reason within that period. Resignation Under the terms of the employment agreements with the NEOs, NEOs may resign by providing three months’ written notice to the Company to that effect. If a NEO provides the Company with written notice of resignation, the Company may waive such notice, in whole or in part, in which case the Company will pay the NEO his or her base salary for only the amount of time remaining in that notice period and such NEO’s employment will terminate on the earlier date specified by the Company without any further compensation. The employment agreements with the NEOs state that no short-term incentive or bonus payment will be payable to a NEO in the event of his or her resignation. In the event of resignation, all unvested stock options held by the resigning NEO will be immediately cancelled on the termination date and such NEO will have 90 days from such date to exercise any vested stock options. Under the Company’s Stock Option Plan, unvested stock options granted on or after February 24, 2009 to a NEO are immediately cancelled. Under the RSU Plans and the PSUEquity Plans, in the event of resignation of a participant other than by retirement in accordance with the normal retirement policy of the Company (or its affiliates), RSUs and PSUs that have not vested prior to the last day of active employment will not vest and shall be forfeited and cancelled without payment.   78 2024 Proxy Statement Retirement The employment agreements with the NEOs provide that in the event of retirement, which, for such purpose, means retirement in accordance with the normal retirement policy of the Company (or its affiliates) when the participant is not less than 55 years of age: • with the exception of Ms. Cash, Mr. Jeter and Mr. Watt, the Company will pay a pro-rated STI bonus, at target, for the year of termination, up to and including the last day of active employment, to such NEOs; • with the exception of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, all unvested stock options will continue to vest according to their initial grant schedules and will remain exercisable up to the earlier of the original grant expiry date and the third anniversary of the date of retirement; • with the exception of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, RSUs and PSUs will continue to vest and be paid in accordance with the original grant schedule applicable thereto; and • in the case of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, NEOs age 60 and over with at least five years of service and subject to a six-month minimum service provision after the grant date, (1) immediate accelerated vesting of all unvested PPOs as of the retirement date, with the NEO given one year from the date of termination to exercise such stock options and (2) pro-rated vesting of PSUs based on the portion of performance period worked, payable at the same time as active employees based on actual relative TSRrTSR performance. In the case of the stock options and the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PPOs, if the NEO takes on any substitute paid employment before the applicable expiry date, the stock options and PPOs will expire on the date when such NEO takes on such paid employment or engagement. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 87 Table of Contents Change of controlControl The Compensation Committee believes that change of control arrangements are necessary to attract and retain the talent necessary for the Company’s long-term success. The Company has entered into change of control agreements with the NEOs with the exception of Ms. Cash (the “Change of Control Agreements”). For purposes of the Change of Control Agreements, a “change of control” means: • the acquisition or accumulation of beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Company’s voting shares by a person or a group of persons acting jointly or in concert; • a person, or a group of persons acting jointly or in concert, holding at least 25% of the Company’s voting shares and being able to change the composition of the Board by having their nominees elected as a majority of the Board; • the arm’s length sale, transfer, liquidation or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, over a period of one year or less, in any manner whatsoever and whether in one transaction or in a series of transactions or by plan of arrangement; or • a reorganization, merger or consolidation or sale or other disposition of substantially all the assets of the Company, unless the Company beneficially owns all or substantially all of the Company’s assets either directly or through one or more subsidiaries following such event. The Change of Control Agreements provide for payment and accelerated vesting on a “double-trigger” basis, which requires a change of control and either (i) termination by the Company without cause upon a change of control or within two years following a change of control; or (ii) termination by the NEO for good reason upon a change of control or within one year following a change of control. Following a double-trigger event, each NEO will be entitled to, or in the case of Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs, was entitled to, a lump-sum cash amount equal to the aggregate of: • in the case of Ms. Fandozzi, two times annual base salary, two times the STI bonus at target, plus a pro rata STI bonus at target for year of termination and two times the annual premium cost that would be incurred by the Company to continue to provide her all health, dental and life insurance benefits provided immediately before her termination; and • inIn the case of Mr. Jacobs,all other NEOs with the exception of Ms. Driscoll, Mr. Kessler, Mr. Concors and Ms. Thiede,Cash, one and one-half times annual base salary, one and one-half times the STI bonus at target plus a pro rata STI bonus at target for year of termination, and one and one-half times the annual premium cost that would be incurred by the Company to continue to provide to them all health, dental and life insurance benefits provided immediately before their termination.   79 2024 Proxy Statement Each of the NEOs is entitled, following a double-trigger event, to: • accelerated vesting of RSU and PSU awards, which will be payable in cash;awards; and • immediate vesting of all unvested stock options, with a 90-day post-termination exercise period. The employment agreements with the NEOs provide that, notwithstanding provisions to the contrary in plan documents, any accelerated vesting of annual long-term incentiveLTI awards upon a change of control, as defined in the Change of Control Agreements, requires both a change of control and the termination of employment without “cause” or for “good reason,” each as defined in the respective employment agreements. In the case of all NEOs, the Change of Control Agreements provide that no such payments will be made unless the NEO signs within 60 days and does not revoke a full and general release of any and all claims against the Company, affiliates, and past and then current officers, directors, owners, managers, members, agents and employees. Indemnity agreementsAgreements The Company has entered into indemnity agreements with each NEO pursuant to which the Company agrees to indemnify each NEO in connection with claims or proceedings involving the officer (by reason of serving as a director or officer of the Company or its subsidiaries), as provided in the agreement. 88 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Compensation committee reportCommittee Report The Compensation Committee has reviewed and discussed with management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis and, based on that review and discussion, has recommended to the Board of Directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Proxy Statement and incorporated by reference into the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022,2023, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on February 21, 2023.28, 2024. Compensation Committee Michael Sieger (Chair) Carol M. Stephenson   80 Compensation Committee Lisa Hook (Chair) Carol M. Stephenson Robert Elton2024 Proxy Statement 2023 PROXY STATEMENT EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION TABLES 89 Table of Contents ExecutiveSummary Compensation TablesTable Summary compensation table A summary of the compensation paid to our NEOs for each of the 2020, 2021 2022 and 20222023 fiscal years is set forth below. Additional information on the components of the total compensation package, including a discussion of the proportion of each element to total compensation, is discussed under “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” starting on page 66.54. Name and Principal Position   Year   Salary(1) ($)   Bonus(2) ($)   Stock Awards(3) ($)   Option Awards(4) ($)   Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation(5) ($)   All Other Compensation(6) ($)   Total ($) Ann Fandozzi(7) Chief Executive Officer   2022   900,000   —   2,442,665   2,236,556   2,124,990   215,756   7,919,967 2021   900,000   —   4,264,545   4,050,020   1,017,782   149,383   10,381,730 2020   890,191   —   3,650,001   500,003   2,051,156   102,074   7,193,425 Eric Jacobs(8) Chief Financial Officer   2022   329,150   250,000   5,382,709   1,919,033   1,086,106   32,518   8,999,516 Sharon Driscoll(9) Executive Vice President and Advisor to the CEO and Former Chief Financial Officer   2022   480,625   —   —   —   680,882   57,663   1,219,170 2021   498,563   —   1,309,642   1,243,544   338,285   68,876   3,458,910 2020   469,721   —   468,750   468,753   637,739   56,727   2,101,690 James Kessler(7) President and Chief Operating Officer   2022   575,000       916,000   838,710   1,086,106   109,052   3,524,868 2021   516,667   —   1,184,596   1,125,019   524,051   70,359   3,420,692 2020   322,115   —   2,500,000   500,009   439,000   42,610   3,803,734 Baron Concors(7) Chief Product and Technology Officer   2022   415,000   —   550,927   504,442   509,525   64,967   2,044,861 2021   400,000   —   1,052,974   1,000,015   235,221   36,459   2,724,669 2020   310,769   —   800,000   400,005   367,838   20,349   1,898,961 Carmen Thiede Chief Transformation and People Officer   2022   435,000   —   440,113   419,390   616,247   62,846   1,973,596   2021   420,000   —   552,811   525,018   246,982   56,986   1,801,798   2020   306,546   —   990,000   210,008   357,671   22,775   1,887,000  Name and Principal Position Year   Salary1 ($) Bonus2 ($) Stock Awards3 ($) Option Awards4 ($) Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation5 ($)  All Other Compensation6 ($) Total ($) James Kessler7 2023 781,250 — 10,212,124 2,943,875 1,816,875 174,201 15,928,325 Chief Executive Officer 2022 575,000 — 916,000 838,710 1,086,106 109,052 3,524,868 2021 516,667 — 1,184,596 1,125,019 524,051 70,359 3,420,692 Ann Fandozzi8 2023 528,409 — — — — 263,957 792,366 Former Chief Executive Officer 2022 900,000 — 2,442,665 2,236,556 2,124,990 215,756 7,919,967 2021 900,000 — 4,264,545 4,050,020 1,017,782 149,383 10,381,730 Megan Cash9,11,12 2023 338,640 99,307 206,445 — 376,446 14,734 1,035,572 Principal Finance and Accounting Officer 2022 — — — — — — — 2021 — — — — — — — Eric Jacobs10 2023 337,595 — — — — 4,235,844 4,573,439 Former Chief Financial Officer 2022 329,150 250,000 5,382,709 1,919,033 1,086,106 32,518 8,999,516 2021 — — — — — — — Baron Concors 2023 535,000 — 1,745,426 503,143 786,600 80,155 3,650,324 Chief Product Information Officer 2022 415,000 — 550,927 504,442 509,525 64,967 2,044,861 2021 400,000 — 1,052,974 1,000,015 235,221 36,459 2,724,669 Jeff Jeter 2023 525,000 50,490 884,629 255,000 1,252,500 45,857 3,013,476 Chief Revenue Officer 2022 — — — — — — — 2021 — — — — — — — Darren Watt 11 2023 401,840   552,943 159,375 498,754 41,581 1,654,493 Chief Legal Officer 2022 — — — — — — — 2021 — — — — — — — Carmen Thiede 2023 513,750 — 1,264,476 364,500 738,720 62,769 2,944,215 Chief Transformation Officer 2022 435,000 — 440,113 419,390 616,247 62,846 1,973,596 2021 420,000 — 552,811 525,018 246,982 56,986 1,801,798 (1)  81 2024 Proxy Statement 1. Amounts reported reflect the base salary earned by the NEOs. Base salary for Ms. Driscoll in 2020 includedCash includes a Co-CEO stipend of $7,450$71,440 paid in 2023 for the period prior toshe was Principal Finance and Accounting Officer. 2. In 2023, Ms. Fandozzi joiningCash and Mr. Jeter were paid bonuses of $99,307 and $50,490, respectively, upon completion of the Company. (2) Upon joining the Company, Mr. Jacobs received a sign-on bonus of $250,000.IAA acquisition. Amounts paid under the Company’s short-term incentive plan2023 STI and Adjusted 2023 STI are reported in the “Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation” column. (3) 3. The dollar amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of PSUs and RSUs granted during each of the years presented, measured in accordance with ASC 718 utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2(f)2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022,2023, without taking into accountconsidering estimated forfeitures. With respect to PSUs, the grant date fair value determined in accordance with ASC 718 is based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions on the grant date, which was deemed to be 100% of target. Assuming the highest level of performance is achieved, which would result in vesting at 200% of target, except for Mr. Jacobs 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, for which maximum achievement is 300% of target, the aggregate grant date fair value of the share awards set forth in the Summary Compensation Table would be: 90 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents With respect to PSUs, the grant date fair value determined in accordance with ASC 718 is based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions on the grant date, which was deemed to be 100% of target. Assuming the highest level of performance is achieved, which would result in vesting at 200% of target, except for Mr. Jacobs 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards, for which maximum achievement is 300% of target, the aggregate grant date fair value of the share awards set forth in the Summary Compensation Table would be: Named Executive Officer   2022 ($)   2021 ($)   2020 ($) Ann Fandozzi   4,885,331   10,768,634   7,300,002 Eric Jacobs   11,784,432   —   — Sharon Driscoll   —   3,309,378   937,499 James Kessler   1,831,999   2,991,287   5,000,000 Baron Concors   1,101,854   2,658,922   1,600,002 Carmen Thiede   880,226   1,977,574   600,003 Named Executive Officer 2023 ($) 2022 ($) 2021 ($) James Kessler 14,536,478 1,831,999 2,991,287 Ann Fandozzi — 4,885,331 10,768,634 Megan Cash — — — Eric Jacobs — 11,784,432 — Baron Concors 2,484,500 1,101,854 2,658,922 Jeff Jeter 1,259,228 — — Darren Watt 787,088 — — Carmen Thiede 1,799,922 880,226 1,977,574 The dividend equivalents attributable to PSUs and RSUs are deemed “reinvested” in PSUs or RSUs, as applicable, and will only be distributed upon the vesting, if any, of the PSUs or RSUs under the terms of the respective plans. (4)4. The dollar amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of stock option awards granted during each of the years presented. The grant date fair value of a stock option award is calculated in accordance with ASC 718 utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2(f)2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022,2023, without taking into accountconsidering estimated forfeitures. For a discussion of specific stock option awards granted during 2022,2023, see “2022“2023 Grants of Plan-Based Awards” and the narrative discussion that follows. (5)5. Reflects amounts earned under the Company’s short-term incentive planSTI in the relevant year, regardless of whether paid in the following year. (6)6. Reflects compensation in 20222023 to: • Ms. FandozziMr. Kessler representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($16,000)240), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($127,666) and RSUs ($26,796). • Ms. Fandozzi representing a car allowance ($8,750), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($1,500), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500), tax preparationPTO payout upon termination ($15,000)50,835) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($165,256);198,372). • Ms. Cash representing the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($428), the Company’s matching contribution to the RRSP plan ($3,401) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($8,707) and RSUs ($2,197). • Mr. Jacobs representing a car allowance ($8,750), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($958) the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500), PTO payout upon termination ($32,260), and severance ($4,037,674 comprised of 18 months of base pay, 18 months of STI at target, a pro-rata 2023 STI payment at target, and a payment for unvested sign-on PSUs valued as of his departure date)) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($19,268);151,702). Ms. Driscoll representing a car allowance ($17,687), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($13,818) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($26,158) Mr. Kessler representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($2,854), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($86,698); Mr. Concors representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($8,250), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($37,217); and Ms. Thiede representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($8,700), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($34,646). (7) • Mr. Concors representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($692), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($55,383) and RSUs ($4,580). • Mr. Jeter representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($1,125), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($22,910) and RSUs ($2,321). • Mr. Watt representing a car allowance ($18,139), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($1,109), the Company’s matching contribution to the RRSP plan ($3,401) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($17,481) and RSUs ($1,451). • Ms. Fandozzi, Thiede representing a car allowance ($15,000), the Company’s matching contribution to the ESPP ($988), the Company’s matching contribution to the 401(k) plan ($4,500) and dividend equivalents corresponding to PSUs ($38,964) and RSUs ($3,318). 7. Mr. Kessler became CEO on August 1, 2023. Prior to his promotion to CEO, Kessler served as our President and Mr. Concors joinedChief Operating Officer. 8. Ms. Fandozzi's last day as an employee of the Company in 2020.was July 31, 2023. (8)9. Ms. Cash became Principal Finance and Accounting Officer on August 2, 2023. 10. Mr. Jacobs joined the Company on June 6, 2022.2022 and left the Company on August 1, 2023. (9)11. Ms. Driscoll isCash and Mr. Watt are paid in Canadian dollars. Amounts reported are converted based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.7690 for 2022, CA$1 to US$0.7977 for 2021, and CA$1 to US$0.7462 for 2020, all0.7411 as of December 31, 2023. 12. Ms. Cash’s STI is based on her base salary and the stipend she earned in 2023 and includes the stipend paid in 2024 of the respective year.$37,055, for services provided in 2023.   2023 PROXY STATEMENT 82 912024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents 20222023 Grants of plan-based awardsPlan-Based Awards The following table provides information related to grants of plan-based awards to our NEOs during the 2022 2023 fiscal year.         Estimated Possible Payouts Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards(1)   Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards(2)   All Other Stock Awards: Number of Shares of Stock or Stock Units   All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options   Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards   Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards(2) Name   Grant Date   Threshold ($)   Target ($)   Maximum ($)   Threshold (#)   Target (#)   Maximum (#)   (#)   (#)   ($/Share)   ($) Ann Fandozzi         562,500   1,125,000   2,250,000                                 15-Mar-22(3)               21,167   42,334   84,668               2,442,665     15-Mar-22(4)                               158,621   57.70   2,236,556 Eric Jacobs       287,500   575,000   1,150,000                                 6-Jun-22(3)               7,938   15,875   31,750               974,407     6-Jun-22(3)               27,609   55,218   110,436               3,389,288     6-Jun-22(5)               7,287   14,574   43,722               1,019,014     6-Jun-22(4)                               59,483   61.38   965,409     6-Jun-22(6)                               31,804   80.00   320,584     6-Jun-22(6)                               39,276   90.00   318,136     6-Jun-22(6)                               48,077   100.00   314,904 Sharon Driscoll(9)       180,234   360,469   720,938                             James Kessler       287,500   575,000   1,150,000                                 15-Mar-22(3)               7,938   15,875   31,750               916,000     15-Mar-22(4)                               59,483   57.70   838,710 Baron Concors       134,875   269,750   539,500                                 15-Mar-22(3)               4,774   9,548   19,096               550,927     15-Mar-22(4)                               35,776   57.70   504,442 Carmen Thiede       163,125   326,250   652,500                                 15-Mar-22(3)               2,502   5,004   10,008               288,739     15-Mar-22(4)                               18,750   57.70   264,375     9-Sep-22(3)               1,106   2,211   4,422               151,374     9-Sep-22(4)                               8,099   68.46   155,015     Estimated Possible Payouts Under Non- Equity Incentive Plan Awards1 Estimated Future Payouts Under Equity Incentive Plan Awards2 All Other Stock Awards: Number of Shares of Stock or Stock Units All Other Option Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options Exercise or Base Price of Option Awards Grant Date Fair Value of Stock and Option Awards2                           Name   Grant Date Threshold   ($) Target   ($) Maximum   ($) Threshold   (#) Target   (#) Maximum   (#)   (#)   (#)   ($/Share)   ($) James Kessler   531,250 1,062,500 2,125,000               08-Aug-233       50,768 101,356 202,712       7,268,239 08-Aug-234             50,678     2,943,885 08-Aug-235               166,981 58.09 2,943,875 Ann Fandozzi   562,500 1,125,000 2,250,000               Megan Cash   78,125 156,520 312,500               31-May-234             3,964     206,445 Eric Jacobs   287,500 575,000 1,150,000               Baron Concors   230,000 460,000 920,000               08-Aug-233       8,662 17,323 34,646       1,242,250 08-Aug-234             8,662     503,176 08-Aug-235               28,539 58.09 503,143 Jeff Jeter   375,000 750,000 1,500,000               08-Aug-233       4,390 8,780 17,560       629,614 08-Aug-234             4,390     255,015 08-Aug-235               14,464 58.09 255,000 Darren Watt   148,750 297,500 595,000               08-Aug-233       2,744 5,488 10,796       393,544 08-Aug-234             2,744     159,399 08-Aug-235               9,040 58.09 159,375 Carmen Thiede   216,000 432,000 864,000               08-Aug-233       6,275 12,550 25,100       899,961 08-Aug-234             6,275     364,515 08-Aug-235       1,106 2,211 4,422   20,675 58.09 364,500 (1)1. Represents the possible payout under our short-term incentive plan for 2022.2023 STI and Acquisition Adjusted 2023 STI. For amounts actually paid under these awards, see “— Summary Compensation Table” on page 90.81. (2)2. Represents the grant date fair value of stock and option awards calculated in accordance with the guidance in ASC 718, utilizing the assumptions discussed in Note 2(f)2 and Note 24 to our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022,2023, without taking into account estimated forfeitures. With respect to PSUs, the estimate of the grant date fair value determined in accordance with ASC 718 is based on the probable outcome of the performance conditions on the grant date, which was deemed to be 100% of target. 92 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents (3)3. Represents PSUs granted in 20222023 under the Executive PSU Plan and excludes dividend equivalents.2023 Share Incentive Plan. (4)4. Represents RSUs granted in 2023 under the 2023 Share Incentive Plan. 5. Represents stock options granted in 20222023 under our Stock Optionthe 2023 Share Incentive Plan. (5)6. Represents 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award PSUs granted in 2022 under the Executive PSU PlanMs. Cash and excludes dividend equivalents. See “Special Equity Awards” on page 76. (6) Represents 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Award stock options granted in 2022 under our Stock Option Plan. See “Special Equity Awards” on page 76. (9) Ms. Driscoll isMr. Watt are paid in Canadian dollars. Amounts reported for Ms. DriscollCash and Mr. Watt are converted based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.76900.7411 as of December 31, 2022.2023. Stock option plan   83 2024 Proxy Statement 2023 Share Incentive Plan The Company’s Amended and Restated2023 Share Incentive Plan (the “2023 Plan,” together with the Stock Option Plan, (the “Stock Option Plan”the IAA Plan, the IronPlanet Stock Plans, the PSU Plans, the RSU Plans and the ESPP, the “Equity Plans”) permits the Company to grant to eligible persons stock options, that are exercisable to purchase Common Shares at a specified exercise price.share appreciation rights, RSUs, restricted share awards, unrestricted share awards, cash-based awards, and dividend equivalent rights. Up to 18,900,0009,355,000 Common Shares may be issued pursuant to the Stock Option2023 Plan. The number of Common Shares issuable to “insiders” at any time and issued to insiders in any one-year period pursuant to our Stock Option2023 Plan and any other securities-based compensation arrangement cannot exceed 10% of the issued and outstanding shares. The Stock Option2023 Plan provides flexibility regarding the terms of individual grants. The MarchAugust 2023 grants to the NEOs in 2022 were made in accordance with the Company’s current Stock Option Policy, which provides that: • the exercise price of each option will be equal to the closing price of the Company’s Common Shares on the NYSE on the date of grant; • vesting of options will occur over three years from the date of grant, with 1/3 vesting on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date; and • options will expire ten years after the date of grant, subject to a provision of the Stock Option Plan that provides, subject to certain exceptions, that if the tenth anniversary of the grant falls within, or within five business days after the end of, a “blackout period”, the date will be extended to the fifth business day after the end of such blackout period. Eligibility Persons eligible to participate in the 2023 Plan are those officers and other employees, non-employee directors and consultants of the Company and its affiliates as selected from time to time by the administrator of the 2023 Plan in its discretion. Types of Awards Stock Options. The 2023 Plan permits the granting of (i) options to purchase Common Shares intended to qualify as incentive stock options under Section 422 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “IRC”), and (ii) options that do not so qualify. Options granted under the 2023 Plan will be non-qualified options if they fail to qualify as incentive stock options or exceed the annual limit on incentive stock options. Incentive stock options may only be granted to employees of the Company and its subsidiaries. Non-qualified options may be granted to any persons eligible to receive incentive stock options and to non-employee directors and consultants. To qualify as incentive stock options, options must meet additional federal tax requirements, including a $100,000 limit on the value of shares subject to incentive stock options that first become exercisable by a participant in any one calendar year. The term of each stock option will be fixed by the administrator of the 2023 Plan and may not exceed ten years from the date of grant. The 2023 Plan provides that any option intended to be an incentive stock option that is granted to an optionee who owns more than 10% of our Common Shares must have a term of no more than five years from the date of grant. The exercise price of each stock option will be determined by the Compensation Committee, but may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the Common Shares on the date of grant (110% in the case of an incentive stock option granted to an optionee who owns more than 10% of our Common Shares), except in compliance with applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules and in the limited circumstances of (i) stock options granted pursuant to a transaction described in and in a manner consistent with Section 424(a) of the IRC, (ii) stock options granted to individuals not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant or (iii) if the stock option is otherwise compliant with Section 409A of the IRC. The 2023 Plan defines “fair market value” by reference to the closing price of our Common Shares on the date of grant on the NYSE or the TSX, whichever exchange has the majority of trading volume at such time. Upon exercise of a stock option, the option exercise price must be paid in full either in cash, by certified or bank check or other instrument acceptable to the administrator of the 2023 Plan or by delivery (or attestation to the ownership) of Common Shares that are not then subject to any restrictions under any Company plan. Subject to applicable law, the exercise price may also be delivered to us by a broker pursuant to irrevocable instructions to the broker from the optionee. In addition, non-qualified options may be exercised using a net exercise feature, which reduces the number of Common Shares issued to the optionee by the number of Common Shares with an aggregate fair market value equal to the aggregate exercise price of the exercised stock options. The administrator of the 2023 Plan will determine at what time or times each option may be exercised. Options may be made exercisable in installments. In general, unless otherwise permitted by the administrator of the 2023 Plan, no option granted under the 2023 Plan is transferable by the optionee other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and options may be exercised during the optionee’s lifetime only by the optionee, or by the optionee’s legal representative or guardian in the case of the optionee’s incapacity.   84 2024 Proxy Statement Share Appreciation Rights. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may award share appreciation rights subject to such conditions and restrictions as the Compensation Committee may determine. Share appreciation rights entitle the recipient to Common Shares (or cash, to the extent explicitly provided for in the applicable award certificate) equal to the value of the appreciation in the share price over the exercise price. The exercise price may not be less than the fair market value of the Common Shares on the date of grant, except in compliance with applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules and in the limited circumstances of (i) share appreciation rights granted pursuant to a transaction described in and in a manner consistent with Section 424(a) of the IRC, (ii) share appreciation rights granted to individuals not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant or (iii) if the share appreciation right is otherwise compliant with Section 409A of the IRC. The maximum term of a share appreciation right is ten years. Restricted Shares. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may award Common Shares to participants subject to such conditions and restrictions as the administrator of the 2023 Plan may determine. These conditions and restrictions may include the achievement of pre-established performance goals and/or continued employment or other service relationship through a specified restricted period. During the vesting period, restricted share awards may be credited with dividends but dividends payable with respect to a restricted share award, including regular cash dividends, shall not be paid unless and until the awards vest. Restricted Share Units. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may award restricted share units to any participants. Restricted share units are ultimately payable in the form of Common Shares (or cash to the extent explicitly provided for in the relevant award certificate) and may be subject to such conditions and restrictions as the administrator of the 2023 Plan may determine. These conditions and restrictions may include the achievement of pre-established performance goals and/or continued employment or service relationship with us through a specified vesting period. In the administrator of the 2023 Plan’s sole discretion, it may permit a participant to make an advance election to receive a portion of his or her future cash compensation otherwise due in the form of a restricted share unit award, subject to the participant’s compliance with the procedures established by the administrator of the 2023 Plan and requirements of Section 409A of the IRC. Unrestricted Share Awards. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may also grant (or sell at par value or such higher price as determined by the administrator of the 2023 Plan) Common Shares that are free from any restrictions under the 2023 Plan. Unrestricted shares may be granted to any participant in recognition of past services or other valid consideration and may be issued in lieu of cash compensation due to such participant. Dividend Equivalent Rights. The Compensation Committee may grant dividend equivalent rights, which entitle the recipient to receive credits for dividends that would be paid if the recipient had held specified Common Shares. Dividend equivalent rights may be granted as a component of an award of restricted share units or as a freestanding award and will be paid only if the related award becomes vested (in the case of dividend equivalent rights that are granted as a component of an award). Dividend equivalent rights may be settled in cash, Common Shares or a combination of cash and Common Shares, in a single installment or installments, as specified in the award. No options or share appreciation rights will provide for the payment or accrual of dividend equivalent rights. Cash-Based Awards. The administrator of the 2023 Plan may grant cash bonuses under the 2023 Plan to participants. The cash bonuses may be subject to the achievement of pre-established performance goals. Minimum Vesting Condition The minimum vesting period for each equity award granted under the 2023 Plan must be at least one year, provided (i) that up to 5% of the Common Shares authorized for issuance under the 2023 Plan may be utilized for unrestricted share awards or other equity awards with a minimum vesting period of less than one year and (ii) annual awards to non-employee directors that occur in connection with our annual meeting of shareholders may vest on the date of our next annual meeting of shareholders that is at least 50 weeks after the immediately preceding year’s annual meeting. In addition, the administrator of the 2023 Plan may grant equity awards that vest within one year (a) if such awards are granted as substitute awards in replacement of other awards (or awards previously granted by an entity being acquired (or assets of which are being acquired)) that were scheduled to vest within one year or (b) if such awards are being granted in lieu of fully vested cash compensation. Rights on Termination of Employment The award certificate for each grant, except grants of cash-based awards, which will not be evidenced by an award certificate, will set forth the effect that the award holder’s termination of employment will have on such award. Change in Control Provisions The 2023 Plan provides that upon the effectiveness of a “sale event,” as defined in the 2023 Plan, all awards under the 2023 Plan will automatically terminate unless the parties to the sale event agree that such awards will be assumed, continued or substituted by the successor entity; provided however, except as may be otherwise provided in the relevant award certificate, that all awards with time-based vesting conditions or restrictions that are not vested and/or exercisable immediately prior to    85 2024 Proxy Statement the effective time of the sale event shall become fully vested and exercisable or nonforfeitable, and all awards with conditions and restrictions relating to performance goals may become vested and exercisable or nonforfeitable in connection with a sale event in the administrator of the 2023 Plan’s discretion or to the extent specified in the relevant award certificate. In the event of such termination, we will have the option (in our sole discretion) to make or provide for the payment, in cash or in kind, to the participants holding stock options and share appreciation rights, an amount equal to the difference between the sale price multiplied by the number of Common Shares subject to outstanding stock options and share appreciation rights and the aggregate exercise price of all such outstanding stock options and share appreciation rights, or each participant will be permitted, within a specified period of time prior to the consummation of the sale event, to exercise all outstanding stock options and share appreciation rights (to the extent then exercisable) held by such participant. We will also have the option (in our sole discretion) to make or provide for a payment, in cash or in kind, to the participants holding other awards in an amount equal to the sale price multiplied by the number of vested Common Shares under such awards. Amendments and Termination The Board may at any time amend, alter or discontinue the 2023 Plan and the administrator of the 2023 Plan may at any time amend any outstanding award, provided that no such amendment, modification, change, suspension or termination of the 2023 Plan or any awards granted hereunder may materially impair any rights of a grantee or materially increase any obligations of a grantee under the 2023 Plan without the consent of the grantee, unless the Board determines such adjustment is required or desirable in order to comply with any applicable securities laws or stock exchange requirements. Awards are only transferable under certain circumstances as prescribed by the 2023 Plan, which includes transfers to certain family members. Shareholder approval will be required for amendments to the 2023 Plan with respect to (i) any increase in the maximum number of Common Shares that may be issued pursuant to awards granted under the 2023 Plan; (ii) any reduction in the exercise price of outstanding stock options or share appreciation rights or to effect repricing through cancellation and re-grants or cancellation of stock options or share appreciation rights in exchange for cash or other awards or take any other action with respect to a stock option or share appreciation right that would be treated as a repricing under the rules and regulations of any stock exchange on which the shares are listed; (iii) any amendment that extends the term of an award beyond the original expiry date; (iv) if at any time, the 2023 Plan is amended to exclude participation by non-employee directors, any amendment to the 2023 Plan that may permit the introduction or reintroduction of non-employee directors on a discretionary basis; (v) any amendment that increases limits previously imposed on non-employee directors; (vi) any amendment that would permit equity based awards granted under the 2023 Plan to be transferable or assignable other than for normal estate settlement purposes and for transfers amongst certain family members as provided for under the 2023 Plan; (vii) any amendment to increase the maximum limit of the number of securities that may be issued to insiders under the 2023 Plan or other security-based compensation arrangement of the Company; (viii) adding provisions relating to a cashless exercise (other than a surrender of options for cash) which does not provide for a full deduction of the underlying Common Shares from the maximum number reserved under the 2023 Plan; and (ix) any amendment to the amending provisions of the 2023 Plan. Subject to the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Company’s shares are then listed and applicable law, no shareholder approval will be required for: (i) amendments to avoid any additional tax on grantees under Section 409A of the IRC or other applicable tax laws or regulations; (ii) amendments of a “housekeeping nature”; (iii) changes to the vesting or exercise provisions or other restrictions applicable to any award, award certificate or the 2023 Plan not inconsistent with the amendment provisions of the 2023 Plan; (iv) changes to the provisions of the 2023 Plan relating to the expiration of awards prior to their respective expiration dates upon the occurrence of certain specified events determined by the Board; and (v) the cancellation of an award under the 2023 Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent required under the rules of any securities exchange or market system on which the Common Shares are listed, or to the extent determined by the administrator of the 2023 Plan to be required to ensure that incentive stock options granted under the 2023 Plan are qualified, amendments shall be subject to approval by Company shareholders.   86 2024 Proxy Statement Stock Option Plan The Company’s Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan (the “Stock Option Plan”) permits the Company to grant to eligible persons options that are exercisable to purchase Common Shares at a specified exercise price. Upon adoption of the 2023 Plan, the Company froze the Stock Option Plan and, as such, will no longer be granting any additional awards under the Stock Option Plan. A total of 2,854,366 options to acquire an aggregate of 2,854,366 Common Shares pursuant to the Stock Option Plan remain outstanding. The Stock Option Plan provides flexibility regarding the terms of individual grants. Grants to the NEOs prior to 2023 were made in accordance with the Company’s current Stock Option Policy, which provides that: • the exercise price of each option will be equal to the closing price of the Company’s Common Shares on the NYSE on the date of grant; • vesting of options will occur over three years from the date of grant, with 1/3 vesting on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date; and • options will expire ten years after the date of grant, subject to a provision of the Stock Option Plan that provides, subject to certain exceptions, that if the tenth anniversary of the grant falls within, or within five business days after the end of, a “blackout period”, the date will be extended to the fifth business day after the end of such blackout period. The circumstances under which an option will be exercisable in the event that the optionee ceases to be employed or to provide services to the Company or one of its subsidiaries are set forth in the option agreement, which may be waived or modified by the Compensation Committee at any time. The Stock Option Policy provides for the following terms, unless otherwise determined by the Compensation Committee, and such terms were incorporated into the March 2022 option grants prior to 2023 to NEOs: • in the case of termination without cause, excluding voluntary termination, immediate vesting of all unvested options, and the optionee has 90 days from the date on which the optionee ceases to be employed by the Company to exercise all options; • in the case of voluntary termination, other than retirement, immediate cancellation of all unvested options, and the optionee has 90 days to exercise vested options; • in the case of retirement, all unvested options continue to vest after retirement in accordance with the existing vesting schedule for those particular options and all options expire on the earlier of three years from the date of retirement and the option 10-year expiry date, provided if the participant takes on any substitute paid employment or engagement before the third anniversary, the options will expire on the date when such participant takes on such paid employment or engagement; • in the case of death, all unvested options vest immediately, and the optionee’s legal representative has 365 days from the date of death to exercise the options if the optionee’s employment or eligibility ceases by reason of his or her death or if the optionee dies prior to the expiration of the periods described in the three bullet points above; or • in the case of termination with cause, all options expire immediately upon termination. The Compensation Committee may incorporate into any option agreement terms which will, notwithstanding the time specified in such option agreement for the exercise of the option granted thereunder, allow the optionee to elect to purchase all or any of the Common Shares then subject to such option if the Compensation Committee in its discretion determines to permit the optionee to exercise the option in respect of such shares; provided, that the Stock Option Plan imposes restrictions on the acceleration of vesting of options in connection with a change of control. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 93 Table of Contents The Stock Option Policy prohibits the granting of options during a blackout period. In addition, it prohibits the granting of options to our non-executive directors. With respect to continuing employees that are to receive options, the Company’s policy is to make such grants annually, as of the fifth business day following the release of the Company’s results for the most recently completed fiscal year. The stock option portion of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards granted to the NEOs were awarded under the Stock Option Plan.   87 2024 Proxy Statement IAA 2019 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan Pursuant to the acquisition of IAA in 2023, the Company assumed all outstanding unvested equity awards granted under the IAA 2019 Omnibus Stock and Incentive Plan (the “IAA Plan”). By the terms of the merger agreement, the IAA equity awards were automatically converted into options and RSUs covering an aggregate of 554,106 Common Shares. Otherwise, the IAA equity awards continued to be governed by the IAA Plan on the same terms and conditions (including vesting and vesting acceleration provisions) as applicable prior to the effective time of the merger. The Company does not intend to make any additional awards under the IAA Plan. The terms and vesting of IAA equity awards granted under the IAA Plan are fixed by the plan administrator in connection with the grant of each IAA equity award and set forth in each award agreement. IronPlanet stock plansStock Plans Pursuant to the acquisition of IronPlanet in 2017, the Company assumed all outstanding unvested stock options (the “IronPlanet Options”) granted under the IronPlanet, Inc. 1999 Stock Plan (the “1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan”) and IronPlanet Holdings, Inc. 2015 Stock Plan (the “2015 IronPlanet Stock Plan”, and together with the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan, the “IronPlanet Stock Plans”). By the terms of the merger agreement and the stock option assumption notice provided to IronPlanet Option holders, the IronPlanet Options were automatically converted into options to acquire an aggregate of 737,358 Common Shares, with exercise prices per Common Share adjusted to give effect to the merger. Otherwise, the IronPlanet Options continued to be governed by the respective IronPlanet Stock Plans on the same terms and conditions (including vesting and vesting acceleration provisions) as applicable prior to the effective time of the merger. The Company does not intend to make any additional awards under the IronPlanet Stock Plans. The terms and vesting of IronPlanet Options granted under the IronPlanet Stock Plans are fixed by the respective plan administrator in connection with the grant of each IronPlanet Option and set forth in each option agreement. Nonetheless, the option term may not exceed (i) 10 years from the grant date or (ii) such shorter term as may be provided in the option agreement. The circumstances under which an IronPlanet Option will be exercisable in the event that the optionee ceases to be employed or to provide services to the Company or one of its subsidiaries or affiliates are, (i) under the 2015 IronPlanet Stock Plan, set forth in the option agreement, which provisions may be waived or modified by the Board or Compensation Committee at any time, and (ii) under the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan, as follows, unless otherwise determined by the Board or any of its committees: • in the case of termination of employment or service other than as provided below, the optionee has up to three months after the date of such termination (but in no event later than the expiration date of such IronPlanet Option) to exercise the IronPlanet Option; • in the case of termination of employment or service as a result of such optionee’s total and permanent disability, the optionee may exercise the IronPlanet Option within 12 months from the date of termination, or as a result of such optionee’s certain other types of disability, the optionee may exercise the IronPlanet Options under the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan within six months from the date of termination (but in no event later than the expiration date of such IronPlanet Option); or • in the case of death of the optionee during the term of employment or service or within 30 days following termination of employment or service, the IronPlanet Option may be exercised at any time within 12 months following the date of death (but in no event later than the expiration date of such IronPlanet Option). The IronPlanet Stock Plans’ respective administrator may at any time offer to buy out for a payment in cash or Common Shares any IronPlanet Option previously granted under the IronPlanet Stock Plans on such terms and conditions as such administrator will establish and communicate to the optionee at the time that such offer is made. In the event of certain change of control transactions (i) under the 2015 IronPlanet Stock Plan, each outstanding IronPlanet Option will be treated as the administrator determines and the administrator need not treat all outstanding IronPlanet Options (or portions thereof) in an identical manner, and (ii) under the 1999 IronPlanet Stock Plan, each outstanding IronPlanet Option will be assumed or an equivalent option or right will be substituted by the successor 94 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents corporation or a parent or subsidiary of such successor corporation, unless such successor corporation does not agree to assume the outstanding IronPlanet Options or to substitute equivalent options, in which case such IronPlanet Options will terminate upon the consummation of the transaction. Performance share unit plans   ►88 2015 PSU plans2024 Proxy Statement Performance Share Unit Plans The Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Executive PSU Plan (the “Executive PSU Plan”) and Amended and Restated Employee PSU Plan (the “Employee PSU Plan” and, together with the Executive PSU Plan, the “PSU Plans”) permit the Company to grant PSUs to employees. A PSU is an award under which the recipient is eligible to earn a payment during an applicable performance period based upon the performance of the Company against certain criteria during and at the end of such performance period. The PSUs, following vesting, entitle the participant to receive, at the election of the Compensation Committee or the Board, either cash or Common Shares, net of applicable withholding taxes. The amount of the payment to be made is calculated based on the number of vested PSUs multiplied by the fair market value of one Common Share as at the date of vesting, based on the volume weighted average price of a Common Share reported by the NYSE for the 20 trading days prior to the date of vesting. Upon adoption of the 2023 Plan, the Company froze the PSU Plans and, as such, will not be granting any additional awards under the PSU Plans. A total of 428,894 outstanding PSUs to acquire an aggregate of 428,894 Common Shares pursuant to the PSU Plans remain outstanding. If the Compensation Committee or the Board determines to satisfy the payment in Common Shares, the amount of the payment, net of applicable withholding taxes, will either be satisfied by the issuance of Common Shares to the participant or by making open market purchases of Common Shares on behalf of the participant, as determined by the Compensation Committee or the Board, subject to certain restrictions including that vested PSUs held by our NEOs may not be satisfied through open market purchased Common Shares. The maximum number of Common Shares that may be issued under the PSU Plans is 2,300,000. No more than 500,000 Common Shares will be purchased in the open market under the PSU Plans. The PSU Plans provide the Compensation Committee and the Board with significant discretion regarding the vesting terms and criteria for PSUs, including the waiver of any vesting restrictions. Additional PSUs are credited on PSUs held by participants corresponding to dividends declared on the Common Shares. Unless the Board or Compensation Committee otherwise determines, in the event of termination of a participant’s employment by the Company or an affiliate: • without cause, including following the incapacity of the participant, the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of PSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest, on a prorated basis to reflect the portion of the vesting period during which the participant was employed; • for cause, unvested PSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • as a result of voluntary resignation by the participant (other than retirement), unvested PSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • as a result of retirement of the participant (when the participant is at least 55 years old), the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of PSUs recorded in the participant’s PSU account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest; and • upon the death of a participant, the beneficiary or legal representatives of the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of PSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the date of death that vest thereafter, which payment shall be settled in shares, net of applicable tax withholding or shall be payable by a lump sum cash payment, net of applicable tax withholding. For participants in the Executive PSU Plan, if a participant’s employment with the Company or a subsidiary of the Company is terminated (i) by the Company or subsidiary, other than for cause, upon a change of control or within two years following a change of control or (ii) by the participant for good reason, as defined in the Executive PSU Plan, upon a change of control or within one year following a change of control, then all PSUs recorded in the participant’s PSU account as at the date of termination shall vest, and the participant will be entitled to receive a cash payment in respect of all vested PSUs, net of all applicable tax withholdings, within 30 days of the date of termination. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 95 Table of Contents For purposes of the Executive PSU Plan, a “change of control”, unless otherwise defined in the applicable grant agreement or grant letter, means the occurrence of any one of the following events: • a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, acquiring or accumulating beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Common Shares; • a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, holding or beneficially owning at least 25% of the Common Shares and being able to change the composition of the Board by having the person’s or group of persons’ nominees elected as a majority of the Board; or • the arm’s length sale, transfer, liquidation or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, over a period of one year or less, in any manner whatsoever. The PSU portion of the 2021 Special Transformation Incentive Awards granted to the NEOs was awarded under the Executive PSU Plan.   89 2024 Proxy Statement Restricted share unit plansShare Unit Plans The Company’s Amended and Restated Senior Executive RSU Plan (the “Senior Executive RSU Plan”) and Amended and Restated Employee RSU Plan (the “Employee RSU Plan” and, together with the Senior Executive RSU Plan, the “RSU Plans”) permit the Company to grant restricted share units (“RSUs”)RSUs to employees. Upon adoption of the 2023 Plan, the Company froze the RSU Plans and, as such, will not be granting any additional awards under the RSU Plans. A total of 32,711 outstanding RSUs to acquire an aggregate of 32,711 Common Shares pursuant to the RSU Plans remain outstanding. An RSU is an award under which the recipient is eligible to earn a cash payment or a specified number of our Common Shares following an applicable vesting period based. The RSUs, following vesting, entitle the participant to: (i) a specified amount of cash, net of all applicable withholding taxes; (ii) a payment that, net of all applicable withholding taxes, will be satisfied by the issuance of Common Shares; or (iii) a payment that, net of all applicable withholding taxes, will be applied to open market purchases of Common Shares on behalf of participants; provided that this method of settlement is not available for certain of our officers and directors. The payment to be received, or applied to the purchase or issuance of Common Shares, is based on the number of vested RSUs multiplied by the fair market value of one Common Share as at the date of vesting. The maximum number of Common Shares that may be issued or delivered pursuant to open market purchases under the RSU Plans is 800,000. Unless the Board or Compensation Committee otherwise determines, in the event of termination of a participant’s employment by the Company or an affiliate: • without cause, including following the incapacity of the participant, the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of RSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest, on a prorated basis to reflect the portion of the vesting period during which the participant was employed; • for cause, unvested RSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • as a result of voluntary resignation by the participant (other than retirement), unvested RSUs will not vest and will be forfeited; • as a result of retirement of the participant (when the participant is at least 55 years old), the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of RSUs recorded in the participant’s RSU account as at the last day of active employment that subsequently vest; and • upon the death of a participant, the beneficiary or legal representatives of the participant will be entitled to receive payment in respect of RSUs recorded in the participant’s account as at the date of death that vest thereafter, which payment shall be settled in shares, net of applicable tax withholding or shall be payable by a lump sum cash payment, net of applicable tax withholding. For participants in the Senior Executive RSU Plan, if a participant’s employment with the Company or a subsidiary of the Company is terminated (i) by the Company or subsidiary, other than for cause, upon a change of control or within two years following a change of control or (ii) by the participant for good reason, as defined in the Senior Executive RSU Plan, upon a change of control or within one year following a change of control, then all RSUs 96 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents recorded in the participant’s RSU account as at the date of termination shall vest, and the participant will be entitled to receive a cash payment in respect of all vested RSUs, net of all applicable tax withholdings, within 30 days of the date of termination. For purposes of the Senior Executive RSU Plan, a “change of control”, unless otherwise defined in the applicable grant agreement or grant letter, means the occurrence of any one of the following events: • a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, acquiring or accumulating beneficial ownership of more than 50% of the Common Shares; • a person or group of persons acting jointly or in concert, holding or beneficially owning at least 25% of the Common Shares and being able to change the composition of the Board by having the person’s or group of persons’ nominees elected as a majority of the Board; or • the arm’s length sale, transfer, liquidation or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, over a period of one year or less, in any manner whatsoever.   90 2024 Proxy Statement Employee Stock Purchase Plan The Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) was approved by the Company's shareholders in May 2023, and includes two components: an IRC Section 423 Component (the “423 Component”) and a non-IRC Section 423 Component (the “Non-423 Component”). It is our intention that the 423 Component qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” under Section 423 of the IRC. Under the Non-423 Component, which does not qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” within the meaning of Section 423 of the IRC, rights will be granted pursuant to rules adopted by the administrator of the ESPP designed to achieve tax, securities laws or other objectives for eligible employees. Common Shares Subject to the ESPP. An aggregate of 3,000,000 Common Shares are reserved and available for issuance under the ESPP. If our capital structure changes because of a share dividend, share split or similar event, the number of Common Shares that can be issued under the ESPP will be appropriately adjusted. Plan Administration. The ESPP is administered by the Compensation Committee, which has full authority to make, administer and interpret such rules and regulations regarding the ESPP as it deems advisable. No Common Shares shall be purchased under the ESPP on behalf of a participant if, together with any other security based compensation arrangement established or maintained by the Company, such purchase could result, at any time, in: • the number of Common Shares issuable to insiders, at any time, exceeding 10% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares from time to time; or • the number of Common Shares issued to insiders within any one-year period exceeding 10% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares from time to time. Eligibility. All individuals classified as employees on the payroll records of the Company or the Designated Companies (as defined in the ESPP) as of the first day of the applicable offering period (the “Offering Date”) are eligible to participate in the ESPP; provided that the administrator of the ESPP may determine, in advance of any offering period, that employees are eligible only if, as of the Offering Date, (a) they are customarily employed by the Company or a Designated Company for more than 20 hours a week, (b) they are customarily employed by the Company or a Designated Company for more than five months per calendar year, and/or (c) they have completed six months of employment (or such other period as determined by the administrator of the ESPP, provided such service requirement does not exceed two years of employment). No person who owns or holds, or as a result of participation in the ESPP would own or hold, Common Shares or options to purchase Common Shares, that together equal 5% or more of our total outstanding Common Shares is entitled to participate in the ESPP. No employee may exercise a right granted under the ESPP that permits the employee to purchase Common Shares having a value of more than $25,000 (determined using the fair market value of the Common Shares at the time such right is granted) in any calendar year. The ESPP defines “fair market value” by reference to the closing price of our Common Shares on the NYSE or the TSX, whichever exchange has the majority of trading volume at such time. Participation; Payroll Deductions; Cashless Exercise Program. Participation in the ESPP is limited to eligible employees who authorize payroll deductions equal to a whole percentage or amount of base pay. Employees may authorize payroll deductions, with a minimum of 1% of base pay and a maximum of 15% of base pay or such other minimum or maximum as may be specified by the administrator of the ESPP in advance of an offering, provided that the maximum specified by the administrator of the ESPP does not exceed 15%. In addition to such payroll deductions, participants other than executive officers of the Company may elect to purchase Common Shares under the ESPP pursuant to a cashless participation program through loans from a third-party provider (the “Cashless Participation Program”). Once an employee becomes a participant in the ESPP, that employee will automatically participate in successive offering periods (as described below) and purchases will continue at the same percentage of compensation until that employee files a new enrollment form, withdraws from the ESPP or becomes ineligible to participate in the ESPP. Offering Periods; Purchase Periods. The initial offering of Common Shares under the ESPP began on July 3, 2023 and ended on November 14, 2023. Subsequent offerings of Common Shares under the ESPP will be for a period of 12 months, which we refer to as an “offering period.” Separate subsequent offering periods will (a) begin on the first trading day on or after each May 15 and end on the last trading day on or prior to the following May 14, and (b) begin on the first trading day on or after each November 15 and end on the last trading day on or prior to the following November 14. The administrator of the ESPP may, in its discretion, designate a different period for any offering period but no offering period shall exceed 27 months in duration. Unless the administrator of the ESPP otherwise determines, each offering period shall be divided into two six-month purchase periods and, unless otherwise determined by the administrator of the ESPP, participants will only be permitted to participate in one offering period at a time. Unless the administrator of the ESPP, in its sole discretion, chooses otherwise prior to the Offering Date, and to the extent an offering has more than one purchase period and to the extent permitted by applicable law, if the fair market value of the Common Shares on any exercise date in an offering is lower than the fair market value of the   2023 PROXY STATEMENT 91 972024 Proxy Statement Common Shares on the Offering Date, then all participants in such offering automatically will be withdrawn from such offering immediately after the exercise of their right on such exercise date and automatically re-enrolled in the immediately following offering as of the first day thereof and the preceding offering will terminate. Exercise Price. On the Offering Date for an offering period, employees participating in that offering period will receive a right to purchase Common Shares. On the exercise date of each purchase period, the employee is deemed to have exercised the right, at the exercise price, to the extent of accumulated payroll deductions and additional contributions made pursuant to the Cashless Participation Program. The exercise price is equal to the lesser of (1) 85% the fair market value per Common Share on the Offering Date or (2) 85% of the fair market value per Common Share on the exercise date. The maximum value of Common Shares that may be issued to any employee under the ESPP, in any offering period is $25,000 (valued as of the Offering Date) or such other lesser number of shares as determined by the administrator of the ESPP from time to time. Subject to certain limitations, the number of Common Shares a participant purchases in each offering period is determined by dividing the total amount of (i) payroll deductions withheld from the participant’s compensation during the purchase period and (ii) additional contributions made pursuant to the Cashless Participation Program by the exercise price. In general, if an employee is no longer a participant on an exercise date, the employee’s right will be automatically terminated, and the amount of the employee’s accumulated payroll deductions will be refunded. Terms of Participation. Except as may be permitted by the administrator of the ESPP in advance of an offering, a participant may decrease the amount of such participant’s contributions once during any offering period but may not increase the amount of such participant’s contributions during any offering period. Unless otherwise determined by the administrator of the ESPP, a participant may increase or decrease such participant’s contributions with respect to the next offering period by filing a new enrollment form by such deadline as shall be established by the administrator of the ESPP for the offering period. A participant may withdraw from an offering period by giving written notice to the Company or an agent designated by the Company in a form acceptable to the administrator of the ESPP (including, but not limited to, by electronic means) no later than one month prior to the end of the then-applicable offering period (or such shorter or longer period as may be specified by the administrator of the ESPP prior to any offering period). A participant’s withdrawal will be effective as soon as practicable following receipt of written notice of withdrawal by the Company or an agent designated by the Company. If a participant withdraws from an offering period, that participant may not again participate in the same offering period, but may enroll in subsequent offering periods. Enrollments, deduction changes and withdrawals may only occur when the Company is not in a blackout period established by the Company’s insider trading policies and procedures, as in effect from time to time. Sale Event. In the case of and subject to the consummation of a Sale Event (as defined in the ESPP) the administrator of the ESPP, in its discretion, and on such terms and conditions as it deems appropriate, is authorized to take any one or more of the following actions under the ESPP or with respect to any right under the ESPP or to facilitate such transactions or events, provided, however, no action shall be taken to the extent that it will cause the rights held by participants who are resident in Canada or employed in Canada to not comply with section 7 of the Income Tax Act (Canada): (a) to provide for either (i) termination of any outstanding right in exchange for an amount of cash, if any, equal to the amount that would have been obtained upon the exercise of such right had such right been currently exercisable or (ii) the replacement of such outstanding right with other rights or property selected by the administrator of the ESPP in its sole discretion; (b) to provide that the outstanding rights under the ESPP shall be assumed by the successor or survivor corporation, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, or shall be substituted for similar rights covering shares of the successor or survivor corporation, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, with appropriate adjustments as to the number and kind of shares and prices; (c) to make adjustments in the number and type of Common Shares subject to outstanding options under the ESPP and/or in the terms and conditions of outstanding rights and rights that may be granted in the future; (d) to provide that the offering with respect to which a right relates will be shortened by setting a new exercise date on which such offering period will end; and (e) to provide that all outstanding rights shall terminate without being exercised and all amounts in the accounts of participants shall be promptly refunded. Transferability. The rights under the ESPP are not transferable by a participant other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. Rights on Termination of Employment. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, if a Participant’s employment terminates for any reason before the exercise date for any offering, such Participant’s participation in the ESPP will terminate immediately and no payroll deductions will be taken from any pay due and owing to the Participant on or after the termination date. Table of Contents  92 2024 Proxy Statement Term; Amendments and Termination. The ESPP will continue until terminated by the Board. The Board may terminate the ESPP at any time, provided that, no action shall be taken to the extent that it will cause the rights held by participants who are resident in Canada or employed in Canada to not comply with section 7 of the Income Tax Act (Canada). Upon termination of the ESPP, all amounts in the accounts of participants shall be promptly refunded. The Board may, insofar as permitted by law and subject to any required approval of the NYSE and the TSX, any other stock exchange or other authority, amend, modify, revise or otherwise change the terms of the ESPP, in whole or in part, provided that, no action shall be taken to the extent that it will cause the rights held by participants who are resident in Canada or employed in Canada to not comply with section 7 of the Income Tax Act (Canada). The Board may suspend, discontinue or terminate the ESPP at any time. No shareholder approval will be required for: (i) amendments of a “housekeeping nature”; (ii) amendments necessary to comply with applicable law; (iii) amendments to the eligibility to participate in offerings under the ESPP other than an amendment which would have the potential of broadening or increasing insider participation; (iv) amendments to the allowable employee contribution provided that the allowable employee contribution may not exceed 15% of an eligible employee’s base pay for each pay period; and (v) amendments necessary to suspend or terminate the ESPP. Shareholder approval shall be required for: (i) any amendment to increase the maximum number of Common Shares reserved for issuance from treasury under the ESPP; (ii) any amendment that would increase the allowable employee contribution to an amount greater than 15% of an eligible employee’s base pay for each pay period; (iii) any amendment that would provide for any form of financial assistance to participants; (iv) any amendment to remove, exceed or increase the limits on insider participation in the ESPP; and (v) any amendment to the amendment provisions of the ESPP not permitted under the terms of the ESPP.   93 2024 Proxy Statement Outstanding equity awardsEquity Awards as of December 31, 20222023 The following table provides information related to the outstanding stock option awards and share-based awards held by each of our NEOs as of December 31, 2022.2023.         Option Awards(1)   Stock Awards(2)         Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#)                         Name   Grant Date   Exercisable   Unexercisable   Option Exercise Price ($)   Option Expiration Date   Number of Shares or Units of Stock Held That Have Not Vested (#)(2)   Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)(2)   Equity Incentive Plan Awards; Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#)(3)   Equity Incentive Plan Awards; Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested ($)(3) Ann Fandozzi     15-Mar-22   —   158,621   57.70   15-Mar-2032   —   —   —   —   15-Mar-22(4)   —   —   —   —   —   —   85,766   4,959,837   12-Aug-21   —   74,669   80.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   92,214   90.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   112,877   100.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21(5)   —       —   —   —   —   34,218   1,978,806   25-Feb-21   54,789   109,578   54.83   25-Feb-31   —   —   —   —   25-Feb-21(6)   —       —   —   —   —   72,989   4,220,931     5-Mar-20   —   60,976   40.64   5-Mar-30   —   —   —   —     5-Mar-20(7)   —   —   —   —   152,787   8,835,697   —   — Eric Jacobs   6-Jun-22   —   59,483   61.38   6-Jun-32   —       —   —   6-Jun-22   —   31,804   80.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —     6-Jun-22   —   39,276   90.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —     6-Jun-22   —   48,077   100.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —     6-Jun-22(4)   —   —   —   —   —   —   31,750   1,836,103     6-Jun-22(4)       —   —   —   —   —   110,436   6,386,527     6-Jun-22(5)       —   —   —   —   —   14,574   842,814     Option Awards1 Share Awards     Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#)                                  Name  Grant Date  Exercisable  Unexercisable  Option Exercise Price($)  Option Expiration Date Number of Common Shares or Units of Stock Held That Have Not Vested (#) Market Value of Common Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested($) Number of Unearned Common Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested(#)3 Market Value of Unearned Common Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested($)3 James Kessler 8-Aug-23 — 166,981 58.09 08-Aug-33 — — — — 8-Aug-234 — — — — 51,098 3,417,945 — — 8-Aug-235 — — — — — — 102,195 6,835,824 15-Mar-22 19,829 39,624 57.70 15-Mar-32 — — — — 15-Mar-226 — — — — — — 16,686 1,116,127 12-Aug-21 — 20,742 80.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 25,615 90.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 31,355 100.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-217 — — — — — — 9,505 635,789 25-Feb-21 30,439 15,219 54.83 25-Feb-31 — — — — 25-Feb-212, 8 — — — — 20,827 1,393,118 — — 12-May-20 53,649 — 41.84 12-May-30 — — — — Ann Fandozzi 15-Mar-22 — 105,746 57.70 15-Mar-32 — — — — 15-Mar-226 — — — — — — 44,497 2,976,404 12-Aug-21 — 74,669 80.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 92,214 90.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 112,877 100.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-217 — — — — — — 34,218 2,288,842 25-Feb-21 — 54,789 54.83 25-Feb-31 — — — — 25-Feb-212, 8 — — — — 74,979 5,015,345 — — Megan Cash 31-May-234 — — — — 3,997 267,359 — — 15-Mar-22 2,444 4,884 57.70 15-Mar-32 — — — — 15-Mar-226 — — — — — — 2,055 137,459 10-Nov-21 — 5,573 80.00 10-Nov-2027 — — — — 10-Nov-21 — 5,457 90.00 10-Nov-2027 — — — — 10-Nov-21 — 7,282 100.00 10-Nov-2027 — — — — 9-Mar-219 — — — — 43 2,876 — — 25-Feb-21 5,494 2,746 54.83 25-Feb-31 — — — — 25-Feb-212, 8 — — — — 3,758 251,373 — — 98 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents         Option Awards(1)   Stock Awards(2)         Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#)                         Name   Grant Date   Exercisable   Unexercisable   Option Exercise Price ($)   Option Expiration Date   Number of Shares or Units of Stock Held That Have Not Vested (#)(2)   Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)(2)   Equity Incentive Plan Awards; Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#)(3)   Equity Incentive Plan Awards; Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested ($)(3) Sharon Driscoll   12-Aug-21   —   23,009   80.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   28,415   90.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   34,782   100.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21(5)   —   —   —   —   —   —   10,544   609,750   25-Feb-21   16,764   33,524   54.83   25-Feb-31   —   —   —     —   25-Feb-21(6)   —   —   —   —   —   —   22,331     1,291,391   5-Mar-20   38,110   19,055   40.64   5-Mar-30   —   —   —     —   5-Mar-20(7)   —   —   —   —   19,622   1,134,720   —     —   7-Mar-19   47,929   —   33.79   7-Mar-29   —   —   —     —   1-Mar-18   42,857   —   32.16   1-Mar-28   —   —   —     —   2-Mar-17   32,559   —   32.16   2-Mar-27   —   —   —     —   2-Mar-16   28,963   —   24.07   2-Mar-26   —   —   —     —   12-Aug-15   40,764   —   30.17   11-Aug-25   —   —   —   — James Kessler   15-Mar-22   —   59,483   57.70   15-Mar-32   —   —   —   —   15-Mar-22(4)   —   —   —   —   —   —   32,162   1,859,939   12-Aug-21   —   20,742   80.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   25,615   90.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   31,355   100.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21(5)   —   —   —   —   —   —   9,505   549,668   25-Feb-21   15,220   30,438   54.83   25-Feb-31   —   —   —   —   25-Feb-21(6)   —   —   —   —   —   —   20,275   1,219,687   12-May-20   35,766   17,883   41.84   12-May-30   —   —   —   —   12-May-20(7)   —   —   —   —   103,360   5,977,308   —   —   2023 PROXY STATEMENT 94 992024 Proxy Statement       Option Awards1 Share Awards     Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#)                               Name  Grant Date  Exercisable  Unexercisable  Option Exercise Price($)  Option Expiration Date Number of Common Shares or Units of Stock Held That Have Not Vested (#) Market Value of Common Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested($) Number of Unearned Common Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested(#)3 Market Value of Unearned Common Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested($)3 Eric Jacobs 6-Jun-226 — — — — — — 7,348 491,510 6-Jun-226   — — — — — 25,559 1,709,621 6-Jun-227   — — — — — 8,249 551,776 Baron Concors 8-Aug-23 — 28,539 58.09 08-Aug-33 — — — — 8-Aug-234 — — — — 8,734 584,217 — — 8-Aug-235 — — — — — — 17,466 1,168,301 15-Mar-22 11,926 23,850 57.70 15-Mar-32 — — — — 15-Mar-226 — — — — — — 10,036 671,308 12-Aug-21 — 18,437 80.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 22,769 90.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 27,871 100.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-217 — — — — — — 8,449 565,154 25-Feb-21 27,057 13,528 54.83 25-Feb-31 — — — — 25-Feb-212, 8 — — — — 18,513 1,238,355 — — 12-May-20 42,919 — 41.84 12-May-30 — — — — Jeff Jeter 8-Aug-23 — 14,464 58.09 08-Aug-33 — — — — 8-Aug-234 — — — — 4,426 296,055 — — 8-Aug-235 — — — — — — 8,853 592,177 15-Mar-22 4,829 9,654 57.70 15-Mar-32 — — — — 15-Mar-226 — — — — — — 4,063 271,774 12-Aug-21 — 7,744 80.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 9,563 90.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 11,706 100.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-217 — — — — — — 3,549 237,393 25-Feb-21 11,364 5,682 54.83 25-Feb-31 — — — — 25-Feb-212, 8 — — — — 7,776 520,137 — — 05-Mar-20 17,072 — 40.64 05-Mar-30 — — — — 07-Mar-19 11,416 — 33.79 07-Mar-29 — — — —                     Table of Contents  95 2024 Proxy Statement         Option Awards(1)   Stock Awards(2)         Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#)                         Name   Grant Date   Exercisable   Unexercisable   Option Exercise Price ($)   Option Expiration Date   Number of Shares or Units of Stock Held That Have Not Vested (#)(2)   Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested ($)(2)   Equity Incentive Plan Awards; Number of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#)(3)   Equity Incentive Plan Awards; Market or Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested ($)(3) Baron Concors   15-Mar-22   —   35,776   57.70   15-Mar-32   —   —   —   —   15-Mar-22(4)   —   —   —   —   —   —   19,344   1,118,659   12-Aug-21   —   18,437   80.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   22,769   90.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   27,871   100.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21(5)   —   —   —   —   —   —   8,449   488,594   25-Feb-21   13,529   27,056   54.83   25-Feb-31   —   —   —   —   25-Feb-21(6)   —   —   —   —   —   —   18,022   1,042,205   12-May-20   28,613   14,306   41.84   12-May-30   —   —   —   —   12-May-20(7)   —   —   —   —   33,075   1,912,738   —   — Carmen Thiede   9-Sep-22   —   8,099   68.46   9-Sep-32   —   —   —   —   9-Sep-22(4)   —   —   —   —   —   —   4,444   256,987   15-Mar-22   —   18,750   57.70   15-Mar-32   —   —   —   —   15-Mar-22(4)   —   —   —   —   —   —   10,138   586,285   12-Aug-21   —   9,680   80.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   11,954   90.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21   —   14,633   100.00   12-Aug-27   —   —   —   —   12-Aug-21(5)   —   —   —   —   —   —   4,436   256,512   25-Feb-21   7,103   14,204   54.83   25-Feb-31   —   —             25-Feb-21(6)   —   —   —   —   —   —   9,461   547,158   12-May-20   15,022   7,511   41.84   12-May-30   —   —   —   —   12-May-20(7)   —   —   —   —   40,931   2,367,015   —   —     Option Awards1 Share Awards     Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#)                               Name  Grant Date  Exercisable  Unexercisable  Option Exercise Price($)  Option Expiration Date Number of Common Shares or Units of Stock Held That Have Not Vested (#) Market Value of Common Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested($) Number of Unearned Common Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested(#)3 Market Value of Unearned Common Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested($)3 Darren Watt 8-Aug-23 — 9,040 58.09 08-Aug-33 — — — — 8-Aug-234 — — — — 2,767 185,085 — — 8-Aug-235 — — — — — — 5,533 370,102 15-Mar-22 3,951 7,902 57.70 15-Mar-32 — — — — 15-Mar-226 — — — — — — 3,325 222,409 12-Aug-21 — 6,269 80.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 7,742 90.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 9,477 100.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-217 — — — — — — 2,873 192,175 25-Feb-21 9,100 4,549 54.83 25-Feb-31 — — — — 25-Feb-212, 8 — — — — 6,226 416,457 — — 05-Mar-20 16,921 — 40.64 05-Mar-30 — — — — 07-Mar-19 16,850 — 33.79 07-Mar-29 — — — — 01-Mar-18 15,665 — 32.16 01-Mar-28 — — — — 02-Mar-17 14,800 — 32.16 02-Mar-27 — — — — 02-Mar-16 10,264 — 24.07 02-Mar-26 — — — — Carmen Thiede   8-Aug-23 — 20,675 58.09 08-Aug-33 — — — — 8-Aug-234 — — — — 6,327 423,209 — — 8-Aug-235 — — — — — — 12,654 846,419 9-Sep-22 2,699 5,400 68.46 15-Mar-32 — — — — 9-Sep-226 — — — — — — 2,306 154,248 15-Mar-22 6,250 12,500 57.70 15-Mar-32 — — — — 15-Mar-226 — — — — — — 5,260 351,841 12-Aug-21 — 9,680 80.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 11,954 90.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-21 — 14,633 100.00 12-Aug-27 — — — — 12-Aug-217 — — — — — — 4,436 296,724 25-Feb-21 14,205 7,102 54.83 25-Feb-31 — — — — 25-Feb-212, 8 — — — — 9,719 650,104 — — 12-May-20 22,533 — 41.84 12-May-30 — — — — (1) All stock1. Represents option awards reportedgranted under our 2023 Share Incentive Plan if the grant date is in the table2023. Prior to this date all option awards were granted under our 1999 Stock Option Plan. All stock options vest in equal annual installments over three years from the grant date. (2) 2. Represents earned PSUs granted under the Executive PSU Plan. The amount includes dividend equivalent units that were earned during the vesting period and were paid out when the underlying PSUs vest.vested. Market value is based on the closing Common Share price on the NYSE as of December 30, 2022,29, 2023, the last trading day of 2022,2023, which was $57.83$66.89 per Common Share. 100 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents (3) 3. Represents PSUs granted under the Executive PSU Plan and assumes 200% of target performance for unearned PSUs, except for 2021 Special Awards, for which 100% of target performance is assumed for unearned PSUs. Market value is based on the closing Common Share price on the NYSE as of December 30, 2022,29, 2023, the last trading day of 2022,2023, which was $57.83$66.89 per Common Share. The amount includes dividend equivalent units that are accrued during the vesting period and are paid out when the underlying PSUs vest. (4) 4. Represents RSUs granted under our 2023 Share Incentive Plan, which vest in equal annual installments over three years from March 15, 2023. 5. Represents PSUs granted under the 2023 Share Incentive Plan for the three-year performance period ending December 31, 2025 that vest on March 14, 2026. 6. Represents PSUs granted under the Executive PSU Plan for the three-year performance period ending December 31, 2024 that vest on March 15,14, 2025. (5) 7. Represents PSUs granted under the Executive PSU Plan for the three-year performance period ending July 31, 2024 that vest on August 11, 2024.2024, except for Mr. Jacobs, whose PSUs vest on June 5, 2025. (6) 8. Represents PSUs granted under the Executive PSU Plan for the three-year performance period ending December 31, 2023 that vestvested on February 24, 2024.2024 at198% of target performance. (7)9. Represents PSUsRSUs granted under the 2017 Executive PSURSU Plan, for the three-year performance period ending December 31, 2022 that vested on March 4, 2023 at 167% of target performance.which vest February 24, 2024.   96 2024 Proxy Statement Option exercisesExercises and stock vestedStock Vested in 20222023 The following table provides information regarding our NEO’s stock option exercises under the Stock Option Plan and vesting of PSUs underduring 2023.   Option Awards   Stock Awards   Number of Common Shares Acquired on Exercise (#) Value Realized on Exercise ($)1   Number of Common Shares Acquired on Vesting (#) Value Realized on Vesting ($)2 James Kessler — —   103,810 6,128,922 Ann Fandozzi 223,429 2,345,976   153,452 9,059,813 Megan Cash 13,596 333,867   2,345 138,412 Eric Jacobs 59,483 395,604   — — Baron Concors — —   33,219 1,961,254 Jeff Jeter — —   8,829 521,252 Darren Watt 644 26,470   5,833 344,393 Carmen Thiede — —   41,109 2,427,053 1. Value realized on exercise of stock options is based on the PSU Plans during 2022.fair market value of our Common Shares on the date of exercise minus the exercise price and does not reflect actual proceeds received.      Option Awards     Stock Awards   Name Number of Common Shares Acquired on Exercise (#)     Value Realized on Exercise ($)(1)     Number of Common Shares Acquired on Vesting (#)     Value Realized on Vesting ($)(2)   Ann Fandozzi   —     —     —     —   Eric Jacobs   —     —     —     —   Sharon Driscoll   —     —     6,988     842,101   James Kessler   —     —     —     —   Baron Concors   —     —     —     —   Carmen Thiede   —     —     —     —   (1) Value realized on exercise of stock options is based on the fair market value of our Common Shares on the date of exercise minus the exercise price and does not reflect actual proceeds received. (2) Value realized on vesting of stock awards is based on the NYSE 20-day volume weighted average price of our Common Shares on the day immediately preceding the vest date and does not reflect actual proceeds received. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 101 Table of Contents 2. Value realized on vesting of stock awards is based on the closing price of our Common Shares on the vest date. Potential payments upon terminationPayments Upon Termination or changeChange in controlControl The following table describes the estimated potential payments and benefits under the Company’s compensation and benefit plans and contractual agreements to which the NEOs would have been entitled if a termination of employment or change in control occurred on December 31, 2022.2023. The actual amounts to be paid out can only be determined at the time of the NEO’s departure from the Company. The amounts reported in the table below do not include payments and benefits to the extent they are provided generally to all salaried employees upon termination of employment and do not discriminate in scope, terms or operation in favor of the NEOs or include distributions of plan balances under our 401(k) Plan. The amounts reported assume payment of all previously earned and unpaid salary, vacation pay and short- and long-term incentive awards. Ms. Fandozzi and Mr. Jacobs’ employment terminated during 2023 and they have therefore been omitted from the table below. Ms. Fandozzi has not received any severance payments or benefits in connection with the termination of her employment and the severance benefits actually paid to Mr. Jacobs are reported in the Summary Compensation Table on page 81. Named Executive Officer   Termination for “Cause”   Termination without “Cause” or if applicable, for “Good Reason”(9)   Resignation   Retirement(10)   “Change of Control”   Termination without “Cause” or “Good Reason” following “Change of Control”(1) Ann Fandozzi                         Cash severance(2)   —   1,800,000   —   —   —   1,800,000 Short-term incentive(3)   —   3,375,000   —   —   —   3,375,000 Acceleration of equity awards(4)(6)(7)   —   1,397,532   —   —   —   13,257,559 Present value of group plan benefits   —   16,515   —   —   —   33,030 Total Termination Benefits   —   6,589,047   —   —   —   18,465,589 Eric Jacobs                         Cash severance(2)(5)   —   862,500   —   —   —   862,500 Short-term incentive(3)(5)   —   1,437,500   —   575,000   —   1,437,500 Acceleration of equity awards(4)(5)(6)(7)   —   —   —   —   —   4,990,207 Present value of group plan benefits(5)   —   24,575   —   —   —   37,780 Total Termination Benefits(5)   —   2,324,575   —   575,000   —   7,327,987 Sharon Driscoll                         Cash severance(2)(5)   —   720,938   —   —   —   720,938 Short-term incentive(3)(5)   —   901,173   —   360,469   —   901,173 Acceleration of equity awards(4)(5)(6)(7)   —   428,127   —   —   —   2,363,047 Present value of group plan benefits(5)   —   2,971   —   —   —   5,852 Total Termination Benefits(5)   —   2,053,209   —   360,469   —   3,991,010 James Kessler                         Cash severance(2)   —   862,500   —   —   —   862,500 Short-term incentive(3)   —   1,437,500   —   —   —   1,437,500 Acceleration of equity awards(4)(6)(7)   —   384,996   —   —   —   6,030,101 Present value of group plan benefits   —   23,390   —   —   —   36,922 Total Termination Benefits   —   2,708,386   —       —   8,367,023 Baron Concors                         Cash severance(2)   —   622,500   —       —   622,500 Named Executive Officer Termination for “Cause” Termination without  “Cause” or if  applicable,  for “Good  Reason”8  Resignation Retirement6 “Change of  Control”  Termination  without “Cause”  or “Good Reason”  following  “Change of  Control”1  James Kessler             Cash severance2 — 1,275,000 — — — 1,275,000 Short-term incentive3 — 2,656,250 — — — 2,656,250 Acceleration of equity awards4,6,7 — 2,017,394 — — — 14,726,688 Present value of group plan benefits — 26,637 — — — 43,060 Total Termination Benefits — 5,975,281 — — — 18,700,998 Megan Cash             Cash severance2 — 260,867 — — — 260,867 Short-term incentive3 — 156,520 — — — 156,520 Acceleration of equity awards4,6,7 — 78,001 — — — 78,001 Present value of group plan benefits — 1,171 — — — 1,171 Total Termination Benefits — 496,559 — — — 496,559 102  97 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 2024 Proxy Statement Named Executive Officer Termination  for “Cause”  Termination  without  “Cause” or if  applicable,  for “Good  Reason”8  Resignation Retirement9 “Change of  Control”  Termination  without “Cause”  or “Good Reason”  following  “Change of  Control”1  Baron Concors             Cash severance2,5 — 862,500 — — — 862,500 Short-term incentive3 — 1,150,000 — — — 1,150,000 Acceleration of equity awards4,6,7 — 633,472 — — — 4,247,882 Present value of group plan benefits10 — 693 — — — 3,422 Total Termination Benefits — 2,646,665 — — — 6,263,804 Jeff Jeter             Cash severance2,5 — 600,000 — — — 900,000 Short-term incentive3 — 750,000 — — — 1,875,000 Acceleration of equity awards4,6,7 — 284,528 — — — 4,247,882 Present value of group plan benefits — 33,541 — — — 51,927 Total Termination Benefits — 1,668,069 — — — 7,074,809 Darren Watt             Cash severance2,5 — 625,006 — — — 625,006 Short-term incentive3 — 437,504 — — — 729,174 Acceleration of equity awards4,6,7 — 207,032 — — — 1,387,124 Present value of group plan benefits — 3,278 — — — 6,273 Total Termination Benefits — 1,272,821 — — — 2,747,577 Carmen Thiede             Cash severance2,5 — 810,000 — — — 810,000 Short-term incentive3 — 1,080,000 — 432,000 — 1,080,000 Acceleration of equity awards4,6,7 — 382,465 — — — 2,783,196 Present value of group plan benefits — 20,351 — — — 32,762 Total Termination Benefits — 2,292,816 — 432,000 — 4,705,958 Table of Contents Short-term incentive(3)   —   674,375   —   —   —         674,375 Acceleration of equity awards(4)(6)(7)   —   314,572   —   —   —   3,028,951 Present value of group plan benefits(8)   —   —   —   —   —   — Total Termination Benefits   —   1,611,447   —   —   —   4,325,826 Carmen Thiede                         Cash severance(2)   —   652,500   —   —   —   652,500 Short-term incentive(3)   —   815,625   —   326,250   —   815,625 Acceleration of equity awards(4)(6)(7)   —   165,150   —   —   —   2,534,251 Present value of group plan benefits   —   17,116   —   —   —   27,272 Total Termination Benefits   —   1,650,391   —   326,250   —   4,029,648 (1)1. Represents the occurrence of a double-trigger event under the Change of Control Agreements. (2)2. Represents cash payments based on base salary. (3)3. Represents cash payments of the short-term incentive plan based on target performance levels.plan. (4)4. Includes cash payments for accelerated vesting of PSUs upon a double-trigger event. Amounts are calculated based on the closing Common Share price on the NYSE of $57.83$66.89 as of December 30, 2022.29, 2023. (5)5. Ms. Driscoll isCash and Mr. Watt are paid in Canadian dollars. Amounts reported are converted based on the average annual Canadian and U.S. dollar exchange rate of CA$1 to US$0.76900.7411 as of December 31, 2022,29, 2023, the last trading day of 2022.2023. (6)6. The value of accelerated stock options is determined by subtracting the exercise price of the stock option from the closing Common Share price on the NYSE of $57.83$66.89 as of December 30, 202229, 2023, the last trading day of 2023, and multiplying the result, if a positive number (“in-the-money”), by the number of option shares that would vest as a result of termination. (7)7. The value of the PSUs assumes achieving target performance levels and is based on the closing Common Share price on the NYSE of $57.83$66.89 as of December 30, 2022,29, 2023, the last trading day of 2022.2023. (8) Mr. Concors waived group plan benefits in 2022. (9)8. Includes termination as a result of death or disability. (10)9. Age requirements must be met to receive any payments upon Retirement. See “Retirement” on page 87.79. 10. Mr. Concors waived medical plan benefits in 2023.   98 2024 Proxy Statement Ceo pay ratio CEO Pay Ratio As required by Section 953(b) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, and Item 402(u) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following information about the relationship of the annual total compensation of our median employee and the annualized annual total compensation of Ann Fandozzi,James Kessler, our CEO in each case, inclusive of compensation under nondiscriminatory benefit plans. For 2022,2023, our last completed fiscal year: • the annual total compensation of our median employee (other than our CEO) was $72,687;$57,010; • Ms. Fandozzi’sMr. Kessler’s annual total compensation for the full year was $7,936,482;$15,779,761; and • based on this information, for 20222023, the ratio of the median of the annual total compensation of all employees to the annual total compensation of our CEO was 1 to 109.277. This ratio is a reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with Item 402(u) of SEC Regulation S-K. Under the SEC’s pay ratio rules, a company is required to identify its median employee only once every three years and calculate total compensation for that employee each year provided that, there has been no change in its employee population or employee compensation arrangements that it reasonably believes would result in a significant change to its pay ratio disclosure. Since it has been three years since we did not experience any change that we reasonably believe would significantly impactlast identified our pay ratio disclosure in 2022, we continue to use the median employee and since our employee population has significantly changed, we identified in fiscal 2020a new median employee for purposes of our fiscal 20222023 pay ratio disclosure. We used the following material assumptions, adjustments, and estimates to identify the median employee as of December 31, 2020,November 30, 2023, to 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 103 Table of Contents determine the median of the annual total compensation of all our employees other than our CEO and to determine the annual total compensation of the median employee and our CEO: • We determined that, as of December 31, 2020, our employee population consisted of approximately 5,062 individuals working at our parent company and consolidated subsidiaries. This population consisted of our full-time, part-time, and temporary employees. We had no seasonal employees as of December 31, 2020. • As permitted under SEC rules, we adjusted the employee population to exclude 253 non-U.S. employees (which is just below 5.0% of our total workforce shown above), including all employees from the following foreign jurisdictions: Belgium (2), China (12), Denmark (1), Finland (19), France (25), Germany (30), Hong Kong (1), Ireland (12), Italy (27), Japan (3), Panama (1), Poland (10), Portugal (1), Romania (2), Singapore (5), Spain (28), Sweden (11), Turkey (3), United Arab Emirates (32) and United Kingdom (28). Following these exclusions, our adjusted employee population was 4,809, of which 1,387 were part-time or temporary employees. • We determined that, as of November 30, 2023, our employee population consisted of approximately 8,629 individuals working at our parent company and consolidated subsidiaries. This population consisted of our full-time, part-time, and temporary employees. We had no seasonal employees as of November 30, 2023. As permitted under SEC rules, we adjusted the employee population to exclude 385 non-U.S. employees (which is less than 5.0% of our total workforce shown above), including all employees from the following foreign jurisdictions: Australia (96), Belgium (3), China (12), Finland (20), France (40), Germany (40), Ireland (9), Italy (32), Japan (2), Mexico (39), New Zealand (3), Panama (1), Poland (9), Portugal (1), Romania (1), Singapore (2), Spain (27), Sweden (14), Turkey (2), and United Arab Emirates (32). Following these exclusions, our adjusted employee population was 8,244, of which 1,178 were part-time or temporary employees. We calculated, for each employee in the adjusted employee population, the employee’s gross pay, and taxable benefits (converted to USD), and in doing so we annualized the compensation for our permanent full-time and part-time employees who were newly hired during 2020 and therefore not employed for the full measurement period. • For both the median employee and our CEO, we included the estimated aggregate value of the employee’s compensation under the following non-discriminatory benefit plans: (i) group health care benefits and (ii) group life insurance. 104 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Pay versus performance The following table shows the total compensation for our CEOpermanent full-time and on an average basis, our other NEOspart-time employees who were newly hired during 2023 and therefore not employed for the past three fiscal years as set forth infull measurement period. For both the Summary Compensation Table, the “compensation actually paid” tomedian employee and our CEO, and, on an average basis, our other NEOs (in each case, as determined under SEC rules), our TSR,we included the TSRestimated aggregate value of the S&P/TSX Index overemployee’s compensation under the same period, our net income,following non-discriminatory benefit plans: (i) group health care benefits and our Company-Selected Measure, Agency Proceeds.(ii) group life insurance.     Ann Fandozzi   Sharon Driscoll   Karl Werner           Value of Initial Fixed $100 Investment Based On:         Fiscal Year (a)   Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO ($)(1)(b)   Compensation Actually Paid to PEO ($)(2)(c)   Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO 2 ($)(1)(b)   Compensation Actually Paid to PEO ($)(2)(c)   Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO 3 ($)(1)(b)     Compensation Actually paid to PEO ($)(2)(c)   Average Summary Compensation Table Total for non-PEO NEOs ($)(3)(d)   Average Compensation Actually Paid to non-PEO NEOs ($)(4)(e)   Total Shareholder Return ($)(5)(f)   S&P/ TSX Total Shareholder Return ($)(6)(g)   Net Income ($)(h)   Agency Proceeds ($)(7)(i) 2022   7,919,967   7,755,015   0   0   0     0   3,552,402   3,341,006   141.33   113.61   319.7   1,072.6 2021   10,381,730   9,943,897   0   0   0     0   2,997,009   2,272,068   147.09   124.38   151.9   916.8 2020   7,193,425   15,132,997   2,101,690   6,148,171   1,197,232     3,159,702   2,529,898   5,860,977   164.64   102.17   170.4   859.0   (1)99 2024 Proxy Statement Pay Versus Performance                       Value of Initial Fixed $100 Investment Based On:                                 Fiscal Year a  Summary Compensation Table Total  for James Kessler ($)1 b  Compensation Actually Paid to James Kessler  $2 (c)  Summary Compensation Table Total for Ann Fandozzi2  ($)1 b  Compensation Actually Paid to Ann Fandozzi2  $2 (c)  Summary Compensation Table Total for Sharon Driscoll3  ($)1 b  Compensation Actually Paid to Sharon Driscoll3 $2 (c)  Summary Compensation Table Total for Karl Werner4  ($)1 b  Compensation Actually Paid to Karl Werner4  $2 Average  Summary Compensation Table Total  for non-PEO NEOs  $3 (d)  Average Compensation Actually Paid to non-PEO NEOs  $4 (e)  Total Shareholder Return  $5 (h)  Peer Group Total Shareholder Return  $6 (g)  Net Income ($ in Millions)  (h)  Agency Proceeds  ($ in Millions)  (i)  2023 15,928,325 25,849,889 792,366 9,727,850 – – – – 2,811,920 3,697,652 170 123 175 1,173 2022 – – 7,919,967 7,755,014 – – – – 3,552,402 3,341,006 141 114 320 1,073 2021 – – 10,381,730 9,943,897 – – – – 2,997,009 2,272,068 147 124 152 917 2020 – – 7,193,425 15,132,997 2,101,690 6,148,171 1,197,232 3,159,702 2,529,898 5,860,977 165 102 170 859   100.00 100.00   1. The Principal Executive OfficerOfficers (the “PEO”“PEOs”) for 2023 were James Kessler who served as PEO from August 1, 2023 through December 31, 2023 and Ann Fandozzi who served as PEO from January 1, 2023 through July 31, 2023. Ms. Fandozzi served as PEO in 2021 and 2022 was Ann Fandozzi.2022. The PEOs for 2020 were Sharon Driscoll and Karl Werner, who served as co-PEOs from January 1, 2020 through January 5, 2020, and Ms. Fandozzi who served as PEO, effective January 6, 2020. The Summary Compensation Table on page 9081 provides the details of theirMr. Kessler’s, and Ms. Fandozzi’s compensation for each of the past three years as set forth in column (b). (2)2. SEC rules require certain adjustments be made to the Summary Compensation Table totals to determine “compensation actually paid” as reported in the Pay Versus Performance Table. Compensation Actually Paidactually paid (“CAP”) does not necessarily represent cash and/or equity value transferred to the applicable PEO, but rather is a value calculated under applicable SEC rules. In accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, the following adjustments were made to the amount reported for the PEO in the “Total” column of the Summary Compensation Table to calculate CAP. The valuation assumptions used to calculate fair values did not materially differ from those disclosed at the time of the grant. Prior FYE Current FYE Fiscal Year Mr. Kessler  12/31/2022 12/31/2023  2023 SCT Total $15,928,325 -   Change in Pension Value and Above Market Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation $0 -   Grant Date Fair Value of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($13,155,999) +   Fair Value at Fiscal Year-End of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year $18,016,114 +   Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years $1,136,214 +   Fair Value at Vesting of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year That Vested During Fiscal Year $0 +   Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years For Which Applicable Vesting Conditions Were Satisfied During Fiscal Year $3,925,235 -   Fair Value as of Prior Fiscal Year-End of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years That Failed to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Fiscal Year $0 +  Value of Dividends or other Earnings Paid on Stock or Option Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Fair Value or Total Compensation $0 Compensation Actually Paid $25,849,889   100 2024 Proxy Statement   Ms. Fandozzi Prior FYE 12/31/2019 12/31/2020 12/31/2021 Current FYE 12/31/2020 12/31/2021 12/31/2022 Fiscal Year 2020 2021 2022 SCT Total $7,193,425 $10,381,730 $7,919,967 - Grant Date Fair Value of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($4,150,004) ($8,314,565) ($4,679,221) + Fair Value at Fiscal Year-End of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year $12,089,576 $9,416,504 $4,985,552 + Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years $0 ($1,539,772) ($208,332) + Fair Value at Vesting of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year That Vested During Fiscal Year $0 $0 $0 + Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years For Which Applicable Vesting Conditions Were Satisfied During Fiscal Year $0 $0 ($262,951) - Fair Value as of Prior Fiscal Year-End of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years That Failed to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Fiscal Year $0 $0 $0 Compensation Actually Paid $15,132,997 $9,943,897 $7,755,015 Prior FYE Current FYE Fiscal Year Ms. Fandozzi  12/31/2022  12/31/2023 PROXY STATEMENT 2023  SCT Total 105$792,366 -   Change in Pension Value and Above Market Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation $0 -   Grant Date Fair Value of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year $0 +   Fair Value at Fiscal Year-End of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year $0 +   Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years $3,767,686 +   Fair Value at Vesting of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year That Vested During Fiscal Year $0 +   Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years For Which Applicable Vesting Conditions Were Satisfied During Fiscal Year $5,167,798 -   Fair Value as of Prior Fiscal Year-End of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years That Failed to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Fiscal Year $0 +   Value of Dividends or other Earnings Paid on Stock or Option Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Fair Value or Total Compensation $0 Compensation Actually Paid $9,727,850 Table of Contents   Ms. Driscoll Prior FYE 12/31/2019 12/31/2020 12/31/2021 Current FYE 12/31/2020 12/31/2021 12/31/2022 Fiscal Year 2020 2021 2022 SCT Total $2,101,690 — — - Grant Date Fair Value of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($937,503) — — + Fair Value at Fiscal Year-End of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year $3,032,221 — — + Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years $2,133,331 — — + Fair Value at Vesting of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year That Vested During Fiscal Year $0 — — + Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years For Which Applicable Vesting Conditions Were Satisfied During Fiscal Year ($181,568) — — - Fair Value as of Prior Fiscal Year-End of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years That Failed to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Fiscal Year $0 — — Compensation Actually Paid $6,148,171 — —   Mr. Werner Prior FYE 12/31/2019 12/31/2020 12/31/2021 Current FYE 12/31/2020 12/31/2021 12/31/2022 Fiscal Year 2020 2021 2022 SCT Total $1,197,232 — — - Grant Date Fair Value of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($410,001) — — + Fair Value at Fiscal Year-End of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year $1,182,190 — — + Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years $1,313,633 — — + Fair Value at Vesting of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year That Vested During Fiscal Year $0 — — + Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years For Which Applicable Vesting Conditions Were Satisfied During Fiscal Year ($123,352) — — - Fair Value as of Prior Fiscal Year-End of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years That Failed to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Fiscal Year $0 — — Compensation Actually Paid $3,159,702 — — 106 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents (3)3. The non-PEO NEOs for 2020 were James Kessler, Baron Concors, and Carmen Thiede. The non-PEO NEOs in 2021 were Ms.Sharon Driscoll, Mr. Kessler, Mr. Concors, and Kari Taylor. The non-PEO NEOs for 2022 were Ms. Driscoll, Eric Jacobs, Mr. Kessler, Mr. Concors, and Ms. Thiede. The non-PEO NEOs for 2023 were Megan Cash, Mr. Concors, Mr. Jacobs, Jeff Jeter, Darren Watt and Ms. Thiede. The Summary Compensation Table on page 9081 provides details of each of the non-PEO NEOs’ compensation over the past three years.compensation. (4)4. CAP to the non-PEO NEOs in 2022, 2021 and 20202023 was calculated as follows:   NEO Prior FYE 12/31/2019 12/31/2020 12/31/2021 Current FYE 12/31/2020 12/31/2021 12/31/2022 Fiscal Year 2020 2021 2022 Average SCT Total $2,529,898 $2,997,009 $3,552,402 - Average Grant Date Fair Value of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($1,800,007) ($2,110,677) ($2,194,265) + Average Fair Value at Fiscal Year-End of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year $5,131,086 $2,390,048 $2,129,262 + Average Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years $0 ($629,265) ($63,689) + Average Fair Value at Vesting of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year That Vested During Fiscal Year $0 $0 $0 + Average Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years For Which Applicable Vesting Conditions Were Satisfied During Fiscal Year $0 ($375,047) ($82,704) - Average Fair Value as of Prior Fiscal Year-End of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years That Failed to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Fiscal Year $0 $0 $0 Average Compensation Actually Paid $5,860,977 $2,272,068 $3,341,006 Prior FYE Current FYE Fiscal Year  (5) Non-PEO NEOs 12/31/2022  12/31/2023  2023  SCT Total $2,811,920 -   Change in Pension Value and Above Market Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation $0 -   Grant Date Fair Value of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year ($989,323) +   Fair Value at Fiscal Year-End of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year $1,352,235 +   Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years $442,293 +   Fair Value at Vesting of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Fiscal Year That Vested During Fiscal Year $0 +   Change in Fair Value as of Vesting Date of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years For Which Applicable Vesting Conditions Were Satisfied During Fiscal Year $536,463 -   Fair Value as of Prior Fiscal Year-End of Option Awards and Stock Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years That Failed to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Fiscal Year ($455,936) +   Value of Dividends or other Earnings Paid on Stock or Option Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Fair Value or Total Compensation $0 Average Compensation Actually Paid $3,697,652 5. The Company’s TSR is determined based on the value of an initial fixed investment of $100 in Common Shares. (6)6. The Company is using the S&P/TSX Index to measure our peer group TSR performance. The S&P/TSX is the peer group the Company used for purposes of Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.2023. (7)7. The following table identifies the five most important financial performance measures used by our Compensation Committee in 20222023 to link the CAP to our CEOPEO and other NEOs. Each of these performance measures is discussed in the CD&A above and defined in the Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance on page 115. Financial Performance Measures Agency Proceeds OFCF Earnings CAGR Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income ROIC109.   ►101 2024 Proxy Statement Financial Performance Measures  ​​Agency Proceeds ​OFCF  Earnings CAGR  ​​Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income ​​rTSR Pay versus performance alignmentVersus Performance Alignment The charts below show, for the past threefour years, (i) the relationship of the Company’s TSR relative to its peers as well as (ii) the relationship between the PEO and non-PEO NEO CAP and (1) the Company’s TSR; (2) the Company’s net income; and (3) the Company’s Agency Proceeds. The CAP over the three-yearfour-year period ended December 31, 20222023 follows the trend in the Company TSR results over the same period. In addition, the chart titled “Company TSR vs. Peer Group TSR” reflects that our TSR over this three-yearfour-year period exceeds the S&P/TSX TSR over the same period. In 2020, Ms. Fandozzi, Ms. Driscoll and Mr. Werner are included in the CAP for our PEOs. Mr. Werner and Ms. Driscoll isare not included in the PEO CAP in 2021, and 2022.2022, or 2023. In 2022, Mr. Jacobs joined the Company, which is reflected in the higher average CAP in 2022 due to his new hire and 2021 Special Transformation Awards granted in 2022. Mr. Kessler was appointed Chief Executive Officer in August 2023 and received commensurate compensation adjustments, which is reflected in the higher CAP in 2023. Mr. Kessler and Ms. Fandozzi are included in the PEO CAP in 2023.     2023 PROXY STATEMENT 102 1072024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents Company TSR vs. Peer Group TSR Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company TSR Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income Compensation Actually Paid vs. Agency Proceeds Equity compensation plan information as of December 31, 20222023 ► Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans The following table sets forth information about the Company’s equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2022.2023. Plan Category   Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (a)   Weighted average  exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights (b)   Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) (c) Equity compensation plans approved by security holders(1)   4,627,600(2)   $59.77(3)   5,299,246(4) Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders   —   —   — Total   4,627,600   $59.77   5,299,246 Plan Category  Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights (a) Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights (b) Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) (c) Equity compensation plans approved by security holders1 4,341,1092 $59.893 11,331,0204 Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders —   —   —   Total 4,341,109 $59.89 11,331,020 1. (1) Reflects our Stock Option2023 Share Incentive Plan, which was approved by the IronPlanet Stock Plans, the Executive PSU Plan, the Employee PSU Plan, the Senior Executive RSU Plan and the Employee RSU Plan.Company’s shareholders on May 8, 2023, as well as equity awards granted under our previous plans until expiration or settlement.  2.  (2) This amount reflects 100% of target numbernumbers of PSUs granted and includes dividend equivalent rights credited in connection with such PSUs. Under the PSU Plans, the number of PSUs that vest is conditional upon specified market, service, and/or performance vesting conditions being met. For the August 2021 PSUs with market conditions, granted in 2021 and 2022 under the PSU Plans, the market vesting condition is based on the TSR performance of the Company relative to the performance of the S&P 500 index members as ofat the date of grant. TheseThe August 2021 PSUs with market conditions can result in participants earning between 0% and 300% of the target number granted. For the August 2023 PSUs with market conditions, the market vesting condition is based on the TSR performance of the Company relative to the performance of the Russell 3000 index members at the date of grant. The August 2023 PSUs with market conditions can result in participants earning between 0% and 200% of the target number granted. There were no market vesting conditions for the PSUsshare units granted under the PSU Plans in 20192020 and 2020. All other PSUs2022. Share units granted under our PSU plans, that don’t containPlans with no market vesting conditions are based on the achievement of specific performance measures and can result in participants earning between 0% and 108 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents 200% of the target number of PSUs granted. Further, we have the option to choose whether to settle these PSUsPSU Plans without market vesting conditions in cash or in shares. For further discussion on the PSUs granted under our PSU Plans, refer to Note 25 of the financial statements, Share-based payments. 3. (3) Weighted average exercise price does not include the effect of our outstanding RSUs and PSUs,share units, which do not have an associated exercise price. The remaining term of our stock options is 6.55.5 years. 4. (4) Consists of: (a) 3,919,069of 8,511,523 Common Shares available for issuance under the Stock Option Plan; (b) no Common Shares are available for issuance under the IronPlanet Stock Plans; (c) 778,551 Common Shares available for issuance PSUs granted under the PSU Plans;2023 Share Incentive Plan and (d) 601,6262,819,497 Common Shares available for issuance under the RSU Plans.ESPP. Burn rate The following table sets forth the burn rate of the Company’s equity compensation plans as at December 31, 2022.2023.     2020   2021   2022   Plans   Grants   Burn Rate(1)   Grants   Burn Rate(1)   Grants   Burn Rate(1)   Stock Option Plan   822,626   0.75%   1,775,320   1.61%   830,004   0.75%   PSU Plans   295,383   0.27%   249,018   0.23%   251,747   0.23%   RSU Plans   42,481   0.04%   46,675   0.04%   34,496   0.03%   IronPlanet Stock Plans   —   —%   —   —%   —   —%   Total equity awards and burn rate   1,160,490   1.06%   2,071,013   1.88%   1,116,247   1.01%   Weighted average Common Share outstanding       109,054,493       110,315,782       110,874,044     2021   2022   2023 Plans Grants Burn Rate1   Grants Burn Rate1   Grants Burn Rate1 2023 Share Incentive Plan — —%   — —%   848,290 0.51% 1999 Stock Option Plan 1,775,320 1.61%   830,004 0.75%   — —% PSU Plans 249,018 0.23%   251,747 0.23%   — —% RSU Plans 46,675 0.04%   34,496 0.03%   — —% IAA Plan — —%   — —%   — —% IronPlanet Stock Plans — —%   — —%   — —% Total equity awards and burn rate 2,071,013 1.88%   1,116,247 1.01%   848,290 0.51% Weighted average Common Shares outstanding 109,054,493   110,315,782   166,963,575 (1)1. The burn rate for each plan is calculated by dividing the number of shares or units granted under the plan during the applicable fiscal year by the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding for the applicable fiscal year.   103 2024 Proxy Statement Dilution The following table sets forth the dilution of the Company’s equity compensation plans as at December 31, 2022.2023. Plans   Available   Outstanding   Available & Outstanding   Dilution(1) Stock Option Plan   3,919,069   3,794,063   7,713,132   6.96% IronPlanet Stock Plans   —   54,664   54,664   0.05% PSU Plans   778,551   765,513   1,544,064   1.39% RSU Plans   601,626   68,024   669,650   0.60% Total stock options and dilution   5,299,246   4,682,264   9,926,846   9.00% Common Share outstanding               110,881,363 Plans  Available1 Outstanding2 Available & Outstanding Dilution3 2023 Share Incentive Plan 8,511,523 827,639 9,339,162 5.11% 1999 Stock Option Plan — 2,854,366 2,854,366 1.56% PSU Plans — 428,894 428,894 0.23% RSU Plans — 32,711 32,711 0.02% IAA Plan — 155,972 155,972 0.09% IronPlanet Stock Plans — 41,527 41,527 0.02% Employee Stock Purchase Plan 2,819,497 — 2,819,497 1.54% Total stock options and dilution 11,331,020 4,341,109 15,672,129 8.57% Common Shares outstanding       182,843,942 (1)1. Amounts available represent 4.66% (under the 2023 Incentive Plan) and 1.54% (under the ESPP) relative to the number of Common Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023. 2. Amounts outstanding represent 0.45% (under the 2023 Incentive Plan), 1.56% (under the Stock Option Plan), 0.23% (under the PSU Plans), 0.02% (under the RSU Plans), 0.09% (under the IAA Plan) and 0.02% (under the IronPlanet Stock Plans) relative to the number of Common Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2023. 3. The dilution for each plan is calculated by dividing the number of Common Shares available for issuance and outstanding under the Stock Option Plan and the IronPlanet StockEquity Plans on a per plan and aggregated basis by the Common Shares outstanding as of December 31, 2022.2023. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 109SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS Table of Contents Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of our Common Shares as of April 5, 2023March 18, 2024 by: • our NEOs; • our directors and nominees for director; • all of our executive officers, directors and nominees as a group; and • each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our issued and outstanding Common Shares. Under SEC rules, “beneficial ownership” for purposes of this table takes into account Common Shares as to which the individual has or shares voting and/or investment power as well as shares that may be acquired within 60 days (such as by exercising vested stock options) and is different from beneficial ownership for purposes of Section 16 of the Exchange Act. Common Shares that may be acquired by an individual or group within 60 days of April 5, 2023March 18, 2024 are deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of such individual or group, but are not deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person shown in the table. Except as indicated in the footnotes to this table, to the best of our knowledge, the persons and entities named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all Common Shares shown as beneficially owned by them. Except as otherwise indicated, the address of each shareholder is c/o Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated,RB Global, Inc., 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6. Directors, Nominees and Named Executive Officers   Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership   Percent of Class(1) Ann Fandozzi(2)   324,216   * Eric Jacobs(3)   19,873   * Sharon Driscoll(4)   342,742   * James Kessler(5)   164,935   * Baron Concors(6)   105,446   * Carmen Thiede(7)   71,602   * Erik Olsson   —   — Brian Bales(8)   6,258   * William Breslin(9)   6,795   * Adam DeWitt   —   — Robert G. Elton   —   — Lisa Hook   —   — Timothy O’Day   —   — Sarah Raiss   —   — Michael Sieger(10)   1,950   * Jeffrey C. Smith(11)   7,026,415   3.73% Carol M. Stephenson   —   — All directors, nominees and executive officers as a group (18 individuals)(12)   8,177,694   4.32% 110 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents 5% ShareholdersDirectors, Nominees and Named Executive Officers  Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership Percent of Class(1)1 Robert G. Elton2 1,471 * —James Kessler3 270,910  * Brian Bales2 6,258 * Adam DeWitt2 4,000 * Gregory Morrison — — Timothy O’Day2 %1,500 * *  Less than 1%.104 2024 Proxy Statement Directors, Nominees and Named Executive Officers  Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership Percent of Class1 Sarah Raiss2 1,410 * Michael Sieger2 3,036 * Jeffrey C. Smith4 7,026,415 3.70% Debbie Stein — — Carol M. Stephenson2 4,320 * William Breslin2 6,795 * Ann Fandozzi10 36,008 * Erik Olsson2 4,000 * Megan Cash5 4,886 * Eric Jacobs2 19,873 * Baron Concors6 100,894 * Jeff Jeter7 76,045 * Darren Watt8 112,262 * Carmen Thiede9 98,624 * All directors, nominees and executive officers as a group (22 individuals)11 7,786,214 4.10% 5% Shareholders Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership   Percent of Class1 The Vanguard Group, Inc.12 22,839,262 12.49% Independent Franchise Partners, LLP13 15,207,574 8.32% BlackRock, Inc.14 12,404,326 6.78% Massachusetts Financial Services Company15 10,153,125 5.55% *Less than 1%.  (1) 1. As of April 5, 2023,March 18, 2024, there were 181,788,883183,284,575 Common Shares outstanding. (2) 2. Represents 100,787 ownership of Common Shares. 3. Represents 76,287 Common Shares and 223,429 194,623 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of April 5, 2023.March 18, 2024. (3) Represents 44 Common Shares and 19,829 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of April 5, 2023. (4)4. Represents 58,979 Common Shares and 283,763 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of April 5, 2023. (5) Represents 61,018 Common Shares and 103,917 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of April 5, 2023. (6) Represents 23,544 Common Shares and 81,902 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of April 5, 2023. (7) Represents 25,915 Common Shares and 45,687 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of April 5, 2023. (8) Represents 6,258 Common Shares. (9) Represents 6,795 Common Shares. (10) Represents 1,950 Common Shares. (11) Includes (i) 251,163 Common Shares and (ii) 6,775,252 Common Shares issuable upon conversion of Subordinate Voting Shares. These securities are held by various funds and a managed account to which Starboard Value LP serves as the investment manager or manager, including, without limitation, Starboard Value and Opportunity Master Fund III LP (“Starboard V&O III Fund”), Starboard Value and Opportunity Master Fund L LP (“Starboard L Master”), Starboard Value and Opportunity C LP (“Starboard C LP”), Starboard X Master Fund II LP (“Starboard X Master II”) and Starboard Value and Opportunity S LLC (“Starboard S LLC”). Starboard Value A LP (“Starboard A LP”) acts as the general partner of Starboard V&O III Fund. Starboard Value A GP LLC acts as the general partner of Starboard A LP. Starboard Value L LP (“Starboard L GP”) acts as the general partner of Starboard L Master. Starboard Value R LP (“Starboard R LP”) acts as the general partner of Starboard C LP and Starboard X Master II. Starboard Value R GP LLC acts as the general partner of Starboard L GP and Starboard R LP. Starboard Value GP LLC (“Starboard Value GP”) acts as the general partner of Starboard Value LP. Starboard Principal Co LP (“Principal Co”) acts as a member of Starboard Value GP. Starboard Principal Co GP LLC (“Principal GP”) acts as the general partner of Principal Co. Each of Jeffrey C. Smith and Peter A. Feld acts as a member of Principal GP and as a member of each of the Management Committee of Starboard Value GP and the Management Committee of Principal GP. Each of the foregoing disclaims beneficial ownership of these securities except to the extent of its or his pecuniary interest therein. 5. Represents 4,886 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of March 18, 2024. 6. Represents 26,945 Common Shares and 73,949 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of March 18, 2024. 7. Represents 27,450 Common Shares and 48,595 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of March 18, 2024. 8. Represents 17,787 Common Shares and 94,475 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of March 18, 2024. 9. Represents 52,526 Common Shares and 46,098 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of March 18, 2024. 10. Represents 36,008 Common Shares as of March 18, 2024. (12) 11. Represents 555,720 540,829 Common Shares, 6,775,252 Common Shares issuable upon conversion of the Subordinate Voting Shares, and 846,722462,626 Common Shares underlying stock options exercisable within 60 days of April 5, 2023.March 18, 2024. 12. Based solely on information contained in a Schedule 13G/A filed by The Vanguard Group, Inc. with the SEC on February 13, 2024. The address of The Vanguard Group, Inc. is 100 Vanguard Blvd., Malvern, PA 19355. The Schedule 13G/A indicates that The Vanguard Group, Inc. has shared voting power with respect to 1,851,851 Common Shares, sole dispositive power with respect to 20,837,639 Common Shares and shared dispositive power with respect to 2,001,623 Common Shares. 13. Based solely on information contained in a Schedule 13G filed by Independent Franchise Partners, LLP with the SEC on February 13, 2024. The address of Independent Franchise Partners, LLP is Level 1, 10 Portman Square, London W1H 6AZ, United Kingdom. The Schedule 13G indicates that Independent Franchise Partners, LLP has sole voting power with respect to 14,604,548 Common Shares and sole dispositive power with respect to 15,207,574 Common Shares. 14. Based solely on information contained in a Schedule 13G filed by BlackRock, Inc. with the SEC on February 2, 2024. The address of BlackRock, Inc. is 50 Hudson Yards, New York, NY 10001. The Schedule 13G indicates that BlackRock, Inc. has sole voting power with respect to 11,475,262 Common Shares and sole dispositive power with respect to 12,404,326 Common Shares. 15. Based solely on information contained in a Schedule 13G/A filed by Massachusetts Financial Services Company with the SEC on February 9, 2024. The address of Massachusetts Financial Services Company is 111 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02199. The Schedule 13G/A indicates that Massachusetts Financial Services Company has sole voting power with respect to 9,178,484 Common Shares and sole dispositive power with respect to 10,153,125 Common Shares. We have no knowledge of any other arrangements, including any pledge by any person of our securities, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change of control of our Company.   2023 PROXY STATEMENT 105 1112024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents SHAREHOLDER PROPOSALS AND DIRECTOR NOMINATIONS Shareholder Proposals and Director Nominations To be considered for inclusion in the proxy statement distributed to shareholders prior to our annual meeting in 2024,2025 (the “2025 Annual Meeting”), pursuant to the mechanism provided by the Exchange Act, a shareholder proposal (other than in respect of the nomination of directors) must be received by us no later than December 13, 2023,November 25, 2024, which corresponds to the date that is 120 calendar days before the anniversary date on which our proxy statement was released to shareholders in connection with the Meeting, and must comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act. If the date of our annual meeting in 2024the 2025 Annual Meeting is changed by more than 30 calendar days from the anniversary date of the Meeting, then the deadline to submit a proposal to be considered for inclusion in next year’s proxy statement and form of proxy is a reasonable time before we begin to print and mail proxy materials. Shareholders who do not wish to use the mechanism provided by the Exchange Act may submit proposals to be considered at the Company’s annual meeting in 20242025 Annual Meeting under the provisions of the CBCA. In order to make a proposal under the CBCA (other than in respect of the nomination of directors), a shareholder must hold, or have the support of persons who, in the aggregate, including or not including the shareholder, hold, at least 1% of the outstanding voting shares, or the fair market value of the shares held must be at least CDN$2,000 and such shares must have been held for at least six months. A shareholder proposal to nominate a director must be signed by one or more holders of shares representing in the aggregate not less than 5% of the shares of a class of shares of the Company entitled to vote at the meeting. Such shareholder proposals must be received by us no earlier than December 10, 20238, 2024 and no later than February 8, 2024,5, 2025, in order to be included in the proxy materials for the Company’s annual meeting in 2024.2025 Annual Meeting. Upon receipt of a proposal in compliance with the requirements of the CBCA, the Company will set out such proposal in the proxy statement distributed to shareholders prior to the Company’s annual meeting2025 Annual Meeting. If the Continuance is approved and effected, the deadlines and requirements prescribed by the CBCA will cease to apply to the Company and any matter that you wish to propose for consideration at the 2025 Annual Meeting may instead be proposed in 2024.accordance with the OBCA. A proposal under the OBCA (other than in respect of the nomination of directors) may be submitted by any registered or beneficial shareholder entitled to vote at the 2025 Annual Meeting. A shareholder proposal to nominate a director must be signed by one or more holders of shares representing in the aggregate not less than 5% of the shares of a class or series of shares of the Company entitled to vote at the 2025 Annual Meeting. To be considered for inclusion in the proxy materials for the 2025 Annual Meeting, any shareholder proposal under the OBCA must be received by March 8, 2025. In addition, our existing by-laws contain an advance notice provision which requires advance notice to the Company of nominations of persons for election to the Board in circumstances where nominations are made by shareholders other than pursuant to a shareholder proposal made pursuant to the provisions of the CBCA or a requisition of shareholders made in accordance with the CBCA. The Proposed By-Laws contain a substantially similar advance notice provision that applies in circumstances where nominations of persons for election to the Board are made by shareholders other than pursuant to a shareholder proposal made pursuant to the provisions of the OBCA or a requisition of shareholders made in accordance with the OBCA. The advance notice provision, among other things, provides for a deadline by which shareholders must notify the Company in writing of an intention to nominate directors for election to the Board prior to any annual or special meeting of shareholders and sets forth the information that a shareholder must include in such notice. In the case of an annual meeting of shareholders, notice to the Company must be made not less than 30 days prior to the date of the annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting is called for a date that is less than 50 days after the date on which the first public announcement of the date of the annual meeting was made, notice may be made not later than the close of business on the 10th day following such public announcement. In addition, to comply with the universal proxy rules, shareholders who intend to solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than the Company’s nominees must provide notice that sets forth the information required by Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act no later than March 9, 2024.8, 2025. Shareholders wishing to put forward a proposal or nominate a director for election should carefully review the relevant provisions of the Exchange Act, the CBCA or CBCA and our amended and restated by-laws.existing or Proposed By-Laws, as applicable. Our existing by-laws, including the advance notice provisions, were approved by the Company’s shareholders at the annual and special meeting in 2015, and were set out in Schedule “A” to the information circular relating to such meeting. A copy of the by-laws is available on request from the Corporate Secretary of the Company and the information circular for our annual and special meeting in 2015 may be accessed through SEDARSEDAR+ at www.sedar.comwww.sedarplus.com or EDGAR at www.sec.govwww.sec.gov. Shareholders must submit written proposals, in accordance with the foregoing procedures, to the following address: Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated RB Global, Inc.  9500 Glenlyon Parkway Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6 Canada Attention: Corporate Secretary 112  106 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 2024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents OTHER BUSINESS Other Business As of the date of this Proxy Statement, management of the Company does not know of any other matters that will come before the Meeting. However, the proxy in the accompanying form, when properly completed and delivered and not revoked, will confer discretionary authority upon a proxy holder named therein to vote your shares on any amendments or variations to matters identified in the accompanying Notice of Annual Meeting of Shareholders and any other matter which may properly come before the meeting in respect of which such proxy has been granted, subject to any limitations imposed by law.     2023 PROXY STATEMENT 107 1132024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS This Proxy Statement includesStatement, including the letters to shareholders, includes forward-looking information within the meaning of Canadian securities legislation and forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act (collectively, “forward-looking statements”). Forward-looking statements may include statements relating to: our future strategy, objectives, goals, targets, projections and performance; potential growth, cost synergy and market opportunities; potential future mergers and acquisitions; our ability to future events integrate and anticipated results of operations, business strategies, strategic initiatives,achieve the anticipatedexpected benefits from acquisitions (including IAA); the impact of our new initiatives, services, investments, and acquisitions on us and our customers; our future capital expenditures and returns on those expenditures; financing available to us from our credit facilities or other sources, our ability to refinance borrowings, and the IAA transaction on the combined company’s business and futuresufficiency of our working capital to meet our financial and operating results, the anticipated benefits of, and opportunities presented by, the IAA acquisition,needs; and other statements that are not historical facts. These forward-looking statements generally can be identified by phrases such as “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “can,” “intends,” “objective,” “target,” “goal,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” “foresees,” “forecasts,” “estimates,” “opportunity” or other words or phrases of similar import. Such forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, the risk factors identified in the Company’s and IAA’s respective Annual ReportsReport on Form 10-K for the fiscal yearsyear ended December 31, 2022 and January 1, 2023, respectively, as filed with the SEC.2023. The forward-looking statements included in this Proxy Statement are made only as of the date hereof. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, new information, future events, changes in its expectations or other circumstances that exist after the date as of which the forward-looking statements were made, except as required by law. The contents and sending of this Proxy Statement have been approved by the Board of Directors of the Company. By Order of the Board of Directors,   Ryan Welsh Corporate Secretary Vancouver, British Columbia April 7, 2023 March 25, 2024 Please promptly sign and return your proxy card, or, if you are a non-registered/beneficial owner, please follow the instructions on your voting instruction form. If you decide to attend the Meeting via the live audio webcast, you may, if you wish, revoke the proxy and vote your shares online. 114  108 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 2024 Proxy Statement Table of Contents APPENDIX A: SELECTED DEFINITIONS OF OPERATIONAL AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE Appendix A: Selected Definitions of Operational and Financial Performance The following defines select measures of operational and financial performance used in this Proxy Statement. Measures of operational performance Gross transaction value (“GTV”)represents total proceeds from all items sold at our live and on site auctions and online marketplaces. GTV is not a measure of financial performance, liquidity, or revenue, and is not presented in our consolidated financial statements. Non-GAAP financial measures Adjusted Earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”) is calculated by adding back depreciation and amortization expenses, interest expense, and income tax expense, and subtracting interest income from net income and excludes the pre-tax effects of significant items that the Company does not consider to be part of normal operating results. Such items can include acquisition-related costs, loss (gain) on disposition of property, plant and equipment and related costs, change in fair value of derivatives and non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs, as well as other items that the Compensation Committee or the Board determines, for this purpose, to be non-recurring or unusual. IAA Adjusted Net IncomeEBITDA is calculated asby adding back depreciation and amortization expenses, interest expense, and income tax expense, and subtracting interest income from net income, foreach with respect to IAA, and excludes the applicable period excludingpre-tax effects of significant items that the after-tax effectsCompany does not consider to be part of normal operating results. Such items can include acquisition-related costs, loss (gain) on disposition of property, plant and equipment and related costs, change in fair value of derivatives and non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs, as well as other items that the Compensation Committee or the Board determines, for this purpose, to be non-recurring or unusual. Agency Proceedsis calculated by subtracting the cost of inventory sold and ancillary and logistical service expenses from total revenues, excluding the pre-tax effects of items that the Compensation Committee or the Board determines, for this purpose, to be non-recurring or unusual. Budgeted Non-GAAP Operating Income is budgeted operating income excluding the effects of adjusting items, including share-based payments expense, amortization of acquired intangible assets, and acquisition-related costs. Earnings CAGRmeans the Compounded Annual Growth Rate (“CAGR”) over the applicable period of the Company’s net income attributable to shareholders excluding after-tax adjusting items and items that the Compensation Committee or the Board determines, for this purpose, to be non-recurring or unusual. Net operating profit after tax return on invested capital (“ROIC”) is calculated by dividing net operating profit after tax excluding after-tax adjusting items and items that the Compensation Committee or the Board determines, for this purpose, to be non-recurring or unusual, by the Company’s average invested capital. Net operating profit after tax is calculated by adding back interest and income taxes, and subtracting interest income from net income to arrive at a net operating profit figure, then subtracting adjusted income tax, which is calculated by multiplying net operating profit by an estimated cash tax rate. Operating free cash flow (“OFCF”)is calculated as cash provided by operating activities minus net capital spending. Net capital spending is a GAAP measure that is calculated as property, plant and equipment additions plus intangible asset additions less proceeds on disposition of property, plant and equipment. OFCF per share is calculated by dividing the OFCF by the weighted average Common Shares outstanding.   109 2024 Proxy Statement APPENDIX B: PROPOSED ARTICLES   Ministry of Public and Business Service Delivery Articles of Continuance  Business Corporations Act For questions or more information to complete this form, please refer to the instruction page. Fields marked with an asterisk (*) are mandatory. 1. Corporation Information Corporation Name*  RB Global, Inc. Has the corporation been assigned an Ontario Corporation Number (OCN) ? * ☐  Yes     ☑   No Please confirm the statement below * ☑ I confirm that the corporation has never been assigned an Ontario Corporation Number 2. Corporation Information Please provide the following information for the person we should contact regarding this filing. This person will receive official documents or notices and correspondence related to this filing. By proceeding with this filing, you are confirming that you have been duly authorized to do so.  First Name *  Deborah  Middle Name Last Name *  Kay  Telephone Country Code Telephone Number *  416-601-7552  Extension Email Address *  dkay@mccarthy.ca 3. Jurisdiction Please provide the name of the jurisdiction where the corporation is currently incorporated or continued and the original date of incorporation or amalgamation of the corporation. Current Corporation Name * RB Global, Inc. Governing Jurisdiction *  Canada Province *  British Columbia Original Date of Incorporation/Amalgamation *  December 12, 1997 The following supporting documents are required. Please attach these documents with your application: ☑ Incorporating documents and all amendments, and a copy of continuation documents and amendments if applicable, certified by an officer of the appropriate jurisdiction * ☑ Letter of Satisfaction/Authorization to Continue issued by the proper officer of the jurisdiction the corporation is leaving * 4. Corporation Name Every corporation must have a name. You can either propose a name for the corporation or request a number name. If you propose a name for the corporation, you need a Nuans report for the proposed name. Will this corporation have a number name ? *      ☐ Yes      ☑ No 5264E (2023/07)      © King’s Printer for Ontario, 2023 Disponible en français Page 1 of 7   110 2024 Proxy Statement The corporation will have: * ☑ an English name (example: “Green Institute Inc.”) ☐ a French name (example: “Institut Green Inc.”) ☐ a combination of English and French name (example: “Institut Green Institute Inc.”) ☐ an English and French name that are equivalent but used separately (example: “Green Institute Inc./Institut Green Inc.”) Nuans Report New Corporation Name (Proposed) *   RB Global, Inc.  Nuans Report Reference Number *   122117405 Nuans Report Date * January 17, 2024 ☐  Select this if you have a Legal Opinion for an identical name 5. General Details Requested Date for Continuance *  Primary Activity Code *   Official Email Address *   tor-bls-corporate@mccarthy.ca  An official email address is required for administrative purposes and must be kept current. All official documents or notices and correspondence to the corporation will be sent to this email address. 6. Address Every corporation is required to have a registered office address in Ontario. This address must be set out in full. A post office box alone is not an acceptable address. Registered Office Address * ☑  Standard Address          ☐  Lot/Concession Address Street Number *  66  Street Name *  Wellington Street West Unit Number  5300  City/Town *  Toronto  Province  Ontario  Postal Code *  M5K 1E6  Country Canada  7. Director(s) Please specify the number of directors for your Corporation * ☐  Fixed Number                 ☑  Minimum/Maximum Minimum Number of Directors * 3 Maximum Number of Directors * 12 Director 1 First Name *  Timothy  Middle Name Last Name *  O’Day  Email Address 5264E (2023/07) Page 2 of 7   111 2024 Proxy Statement Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☐ Yes    ☑ No Address for Service *          ☐ Canada  ☑ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  2  Street Name *  Westbrook Corporate Center  Unit Number  500  City/Town *  Westchester  State *  Illinois  Zip Code *  60154  Country United States Director 2 First Name *  Adam Middle Name Last Name *  DeWitt Email Address Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☐ Yes    ☑ No Address for Service *          ☐ Canada  ☑ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  2  Street Name *  Westbrook Corporate Center  Unit Number  500  City/Town *  Westchester  State *  Illinois  Zip Code *  60154  Country United States Director 3 First Name *  James Middle Name Last Name *  Kessler Email Address Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☐ Yes    ☑ No Address for Service *          ☐ Canada  ☑ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  2  Street Name *  Westbrook Corporate Center  Unit Number  500  City/Town *  Westchester  State *  Illinois  Zip Code *  60154  Country United States Director 4 First Name *  Michael Middle Name Last Name *  Sieger Email Address Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☐ Yes    ☑ No Address for Service *          ☐ Canada  ☑ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  2  Street Name *  Westbrook Corporate Center  Unit Number  500  City/Town *  Westchester  State *  Illinois  Zip Code *  60154  5264E (2023/07) Page 3 of 7   112 2024 Proxy Statement Country United States Director 5 First Name *  Deborah Middle Name Last Name *  Stein Email Address Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☑ Yes    ☐ No Address for Service *          ☑ Canada  ☐ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  9500  Street Name *  Glenlyon Parkway Unit Number  City/Town *  Burnaby Province *  British Columbia  Postal Code *  V5J 0C6  Country Canada Director 6 First Name *  Sarah Middle Name Last Name *  Raiss Email Address Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☑ Yes    ☐ No Address for Service *          ☑ Canada  ☐ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  9500  Street Name *  Glenlyon Parkway Unit Number  City/Town *  Burnaby Province *  British Columbia  Postal Code *  V5J 0C6  Country Canada Director 7 First Name *  Carol Middle Name Last Name *  Stephenson Email Address Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☑ Yes    ☐ No Address for Service *          ☑ Canada  ☐ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  9500  Street Name *  Glenlyon Parkway Unit Number  City/Town *  Burnaby Province *  British Columbia  Postal Code *  V5J 0C6  Country Canada Director 8 First Name *  Jeffrey Middle Name C.  Last Name *  Smith Email Address 5264E (2023/07) Page 4 of 7   113 2024 Proxy Statement Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☐ Yes    ☑ No Address for Service *          ☐ Canada  ☑ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  2  Street Name *  Westbrook Corporate Center  Unit Number  500  City/Town *  Westchester  State *  Illinois  Zip Code *  60154  Country United States Director 9 First Name *  Robert Middle Name G. Last Name *  Elton Email Address Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☑ Yes    ☐ No Address for Service *          ☑ Canada  ☐ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  9500  Street Name *  Glenlyon Parkway Unit Number  City/Town *  Burnaby Province *  British Columbia  Postal Code *  V5J 0C6  Country Canada Director 10 First Name *  Brian Middle Name Last Name *  Bales Email Address Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☐ Yes    ☑ No Address for Service *          ☐ Canada  ☑ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  2  Street Name *  Westbrook Corporate Center  Unit Number  500  City/Town *  Westchester  State *  Illinois  Zip Code *  60154  Country United States Director 11 First Name *  Gregory Middle Name Last Name *  Morrison Email Address Is this director a Resident Canadian? *     ☐ Yes    ☑ No Address for Service *          ☐ Canada  ☒ U.S.A.  ☐ International Street Number *  2  Street Name *  Westbrook Corporate Center  Unit Number  500  City/Town *  Westchester  State *  Illinois  Zip Code *  60154  5264E (2023/07) Page 5 of 7   114 2024 Proxy Statement Country United States 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 115 Table of Contents    APPENDIX B: 2023 PLAN 116 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of ContentsAdd Director (+)   8. Shares and Provisions (Maximum is 900,000 characters per text box. To activate the toolbar press “Ctrl + E”) RITCHIE BROS. AUCTIONEERS INCORPORATED 2023 SHARE INCENTIVE PLAN SECTION 1.    GENERAL PURPOSE OF THE PLAN; DEFINITIONSEvery corporation must be authorized to issue at least one class of shares. You must describe the classes of shares of the corporation and the maximum number of shares the corporation is authorized to issue for each class. If the corporation has more than one class of shares, you must specify the rights, privileges and conditions for each class. Description of Classes of Shares The nameclasses and any maximum number of shares that the plancorporation is authorized to issue: Enter the Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated 2023Text *  The Corporation is authorized to issue: (i) an unlimited number of Common shares; (ii) an unlimited number of Preferred shares designated as Senior Preferred shares, issuable in series, of which 485,000,000 are designated as Series A Senior Preferred shares; and (iii) an unlimited number of Preferred shares designated as Junior Preferred shares, issuable in series. Rights, Privileges, Restrictions and Conditions Rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions (if any) attaching to each class of shares and directors’ authority with respect to any class of shares which may be issued in series. If there is only one class of shares, enter “Not Applicable”: Enter the Text *  See attached Rights, Privileges, Restrictions and Conditions. Restrictions on Share Incentive Plan (as amended from time to time,Transfers The issue, transfer or ownership of shares is/is not restricted and the “restrictions (if any) are as follows. If none, enter “None”: Enter the Text *  N/A. PlanRestrictions on Business or Powers”) Restrictions, if any, on business the corporation may carry on or on powers the corporation may exercise. If none, enter “None”: Enter the Text *  N/A. Other Provisions, if any Enter other provisions, or if no other provisions enter “None”: Enter the Text *  N/A. 5264E (2023/07) Page 6 of 7   115 2024 Proxy Statement 9. Required Statements Required Statements ☑ The corporation is to be continued under the Business Corporations Act to the same extent as if it had been incorporated under this Act. * ☐ The corporation has complied with subsection 180(3) of the Business Corporations Act. * Authorization Date ☐ The continuation of the corporation under the laws of the Province of Ontario has been properly authorized under the laws of the jurisdiction currently governing the corporation, on the following date: * Authorization Date * 10. Authorization ☑ * I, Deborah Kay   confirm that this form has been signed by the required person. Caution - The purpose of the Plan is to encourageAct sets out penalties, including fines, for submitting false or misleading information. Required Signature    Name Position Signature             5264E (2023/07) Page 7 of 7   116 2024 Proxy Statement Rights, Privileges, Restrictions and enable the officers, employees, Non-Employee Directors and Consultants of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated (the “CompanyConditions”) and its Affiliates upon whose judgment, initiative and efforts the Company largely depends for the successful conduct of its business to acquire a proprietary interest in the Company. It is anticipated that providing such persons with a direct stake in the Company’s welfare will assure a closer identification of their interests with those of the Company and its shareholders, thereby stimulating their efforts on the Company’s behalf and strengthening their desire to remain with the Company and/or its Affiliates. Common Shares The following terms shall be defined as set forth below: “Act” means the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder. “Administrator” means either the Board or the compensation committeeis a statement of the Board or a similar committee performingrights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the functionsCommon Shares (the “Common Shares”) in the capital of the compensation committeeCorporation. (1) Voting Rights. The Common Shares shall entitle the holders thereof to notice of, to attend and to 1 vote for each Common Share held at all meetings of the shareholders, except meetings at which only holders of a specified class or series of shares of the Corporation are entitled to vote separately as a class or series. (2) Dividend Rights. Subject to the prior rights of the holders of the Senior Preferred Shares, the Junior Preferred Shares and any other shares ranking senior to the Common Shares with respect to priority in the payment of dividends, the holders of the Common Shares shall be entitled to receive and the Corporation shall pay thereon dividends if, as and when declared by the board of directors of the Corporation out of moneys or assets of the Corporation properly applicable to the payment of dividends in such amount and payable in such manner as the board of directors may from time to time determine. Subject to the rights of the holders of any other class of shares of the Corporation entitled to receive dividends in priority to or with the holders of the Common Shares, the board of directors may in their sole discretion declare dividends on the Common Shares to the exclusion of any other class of shares of the Corporation. (3) Rights upon Dissolution. Subject to the prior rights of the holders of the Senior Preferred Shares, the Junior Preferred Shares and any other shares ranking senior to the Common Shares with respect to priority in the distribution of assets, the holders of the Common Shares shall be entitled to receive the remaining property and assets of the Corporation in the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, or any other distribution of the assets of the Corporation among its shareholders for the purpose of winding up its affairs, provided that such remaining property and assets shall be paid or distributed equally share for share to the holders of the Common Shares at the time outstanding without preference or priority. Senior Preferred Shares The following is comprised of not less than two Non-Employee Directors who are independent. “Affiliate” means, at the time of determination, any “parent” or “subsidiary”a statement of the Companyrights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the Senior Preferred shares (the “Senior Preferred Shares”), as such terms are defineda class in Rule 405the capital of the Act. The Board will have the authority to determine the time or times at which “parent” or “subsidiary” status is determined within the foregoing definition. “Award” or “Awards,” except where referring to a particular category of grant under the Plan, shall include Incentive Stock Options, Non-Qualified Stock Options, Share Appreciation Rights, Restricted Share Units, Restricted Share Awards, Unrestricted Share Awards, Cash-Based Awards, and Dividend Equivalent Rights. “Award Certificate” means a written or electronic document setting forth the terms and provisions applicable to an Award granted under the Plan. Each Award Certificate is subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan. “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company. “Cash-Based Award” means an Award entitling the recipient to receive a cash-denominated payment. “Code” means the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and any successor Code, and related rules, regulations and interpretations. “Consultant” means a person, other than an employee, executive officer, or director of the Company or of a related entity of the Company, that (i) is engaged to provide services to the Company or a related entity of the Company, other than services provided in relation to a distribution, (ii) provides the services under a written contract with the Company or a related entity of the Company, and (iii) spends or will spend a significant amount of time and attention on the affairs and business of the Company or a related entity of the Company; provided, that a Consultant shall only include a person who qualifies as a consultant or advisor under Instruction A.1.(a)(1) of Form S-8 under the Act. “Dividend Equivalent Right” means an Award entitling the grantee to receive credits based on cash dividends that would have been paid on the Shares specified in the Dividend Equivalent Right (or other award to which it relates) if such Shares had been issued to and held by the grantee.Corporation. (1) 2023 PROXY STATEMENTDirectors’ Authority to Issue in One or More Series. The directors of the Corporation may issue the Senior Preferred Shares at any time and from time to time in one or more series. Before any shares of a particular series are issued, the directors of the Corporation shall fix the number of shares that will form such series and shall determine, subject to the limitations set out in the articles, the designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions to be attached to the Senior Preferred Shares of such series, including, but without in any way limiting or restricting the generality of the foregoing, the rate or rates, amount or method or methods of calculation of dividends thereon, the currency or currencies of payment of dividends, the time and place of payment of dividends, the consideration and the terms and conditions of any purchase for cancellation, retraction or redemption rights (if any), the conversion or exchange rights attached thereto (if any), the voting rights attached thereto (if any) and the terms and conditions of any share purchase plan or sinking fund with respect thereto. Before the issue of the first shares of a series, the directors shall send to the Director (as defined in the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) articles of amendment containing a description of such series including the designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions determined by the directors. (2) Ranking of Senior Preferred Shares. No rights, privileges, restrictions or conditions attached to a series of Senior Preferred Shares shall confer upon a series a priority in respect of dividends or return of capital over any other series of Senior Preferred Shares. The Senior Preferred Shares shall be entitled to priority over the Junior Preferred Shares and Common Shares of the Corporation and over any other shares ranking junior to the Senior Preferred Shares with respect to priority in the payment of dividends and the distribution of assets in the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, or any other distribution of the assets of the Corporation among its shareholders for the purpose of winding up its affairs. If any cumulative dividends or amounts payable on a return of capital in respect of a series of Senior Preferred Shares are not paid in full, the Senior Preferred Shares of all series shall participate rateably in respect of such dividends, including accumulations, if any, in accordance with the sums that would be payable on such shares if all such dividends were declared and paid in full, and in respect of any repayment of capital in accordance with the sums that would be payable on such repayment of capital if all sums so payable were paid in full; provided, however, that in the event of there being insufficient assets to satisfy in full all such claims as aforesaid, the claims of the holders of the Senior Preferred Shares with respect to repayment of capital shall first be paid and satisfied and any assets remaining thereafter shall be applied towards the payment and satisfaction of claims in respect of dividends. The Senior Preferred Shares of any series may also be given such other preferences not inconsistent with clauses (1) to (4) hereof over the Junior Preferred Shares and Common Shares and over any other shares ranking junior to the Senior Preferred Shares as may be determined in the case of such series of Senior Preferred Shares. (3) Voting Rights. Except as hereinafter referred to or as otherwise provided by law or in accordance with any voting rights which may from time to time be attached to any series of Senior Preferred Shares, the holders of the Senior Preferred Shares as a class shall not be entitled as such to receive notice of, to attend or to vote at any meeting of the shareholders of the Corporation. (4) Approval of Holdings of Senior Preferred Shares. The rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the Senior Preferred Shares as a class may be added to, changed or removed but only with the approval of the holders of Senior Preferred Shares given as hereinafter specified. The approval of the holders of Senior Preferred Shares to add to, change or remove any right, privilege, restriction or condition attaching to the Senior Preferred Shares as a class or any other matter requiring the consent of the holders of the Senior Preferred Shares as a    117 2024 Proxy Statement class or any other matter requiring the consent of the holders of the Senior Preferred Shares as a class may be given in such manner as may then be required by law, subject to a minimum requirement that such approval be given by resolution passed by the affirmative vote of at least 2/3 of the votes cast at a meeting of the holders of Senior Preferred Shares duly called for that purpose. The formalities to be observed in respect of the giving of notice of any such meeting or any adjourned meeting and the conduct hereof shall be those from time to time prescribed by the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) (as from time to time amended, varied or replaced) and the by-laws of the Corporations with respect to meetings of shareholders. On every poll taken at a meeting of holders of Senior Preferred Shares as a class, or at a joint meeting of the holders of two or more series of Senior Preferred Shares, each holder of Senior Preferred Shares entitled to vote thereat shall have 1 vote in respect of each Senior Preferred Share held by him/her. Series A Senior Preferred Shares The following is a statement of the rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the Series A Senior Preferred shares (the “Series A Preferred Shares”) in the capital of the Corporation. Capitalized terms not defined in Sections (1) through (17) are defined in Section (18) hereof. (1) Designation and Amount. There shall be a series of Senior Preferred Shares of the Corporation designated as the “Series A Senior Preferred Shares” and the number of shares constituting such series shall be four hundred eighty five million (485,000,000) shares (each a “Series A Preferred Share”). (2) Ranking. The Series A Preferred Shares shall rank, with respect to rights as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Corporation (a) senior to all of the Junior Preferred Shares, Common Shares and any other class or series of capital shares of the Corporation, hereafter issued or authorized, the terms of which do not expressly provide that such class or series ranks senior to or on a parity with the Series A Preferred Shares as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Corporation (such shares being referred to hereinafter collectively as “Junior Shares”), (b) on a parity basis with each other class or series of capital shares hereafter issued or authorized, the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series ranks on a parity basis with the Series A Preferred Shares as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Corporation (such shares being referred to hereinafter collectively as “Pari Passu Shares”), and (c) on a junior basis with each other class or series of capital shares hereafter issued or authorized, the terms of which expressly provide that such class or series ranks on a senior basis to the Series A Preferred Shares as to dividends, distributions, redemptions and payments upon the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Corporation (such shares being referred to hereinafter collectively as “Senior Shares”). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in these Articles of Continuance (these “Articles of Continuance”), the Corporation shall have the right to create and issue Series A-1 Preferred Shares and Series A-2 Preferred Shares (each as defined below) pursuant to Section (10) without the consent of the Holders. (3) No Maturity or Sinking Fund. The Series A Preferred Shares shall have no stated maturity and will not be subject to any sinking fund. (4) Liquidation. In the event of a Liquidation Event, holders of Series A Preferred Shares (each, a “Holder” and collectively, the “Holders”) shall be entitled to receive in cash out of the assets of the Corporation legally available therefor, whether from capital or from earnings available for distribution to its shareholders (the “Liquidation Funds”) upon such Liquidation Event, before any amount shall be paid to the holders of Junior Shares, but subject to the rights of Senior Shares and Pari Passu Shares, an amount per Series A Preferred Share equal to the greater of (i) the Conversion Amount per Series A Preferred Share and accrued and unpaid Dividends thereon, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c) and (ii) the amount that would have been received had such Series A Preferred Shares and accrued and unpaid Dividends thereon, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)) been converted immediately prior to such Liquidation Event at the then effective Conversion Rate (without regard to any limitations on conversion); provided that, if the Liquidation Funds are insufficient to pay the full amount due to the Holders and holders of shares of Pari Passu Shares, if any, then each Holder and each holder of any such Pari Passu Shares shall receive a percentage of the Liquidation Funds equal to the full amount of Liquidation Funds that would be payable to such Holder or holder of Pari Passu Shares as a liquidation preference in accordance with their respective rights set out in the Articles from time to time, as a percentage of the full amount of Liquidation Funds that would be payable to all Holders and holders of Pari Passu Shares in accordance with their respective rights set out in the Articles from time to time. (5) Dividends. (a) Preferential Dividends. (i) From and after the Issuance Date, the Holders of record as they appear on the books of the Corporation on February 15, May 15, August 15 and November 15 of each calendar year following the Issuance Date (each such date, a “Preferential Dividend Record Date”) shall be entitled to receive, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, before any dividends shall be declared, set apart for or paid upon the Common Shares or any other Junior Shares, dividends per Series A Preferred Share on the applicable Preferential Dividend Date (as defined below) in arrears for the previous Calendar Quarter equal to an amount calculated at 5.50% per annum (the “Preferential Dividend Rate”) on the Issue Price of each such Series A Preferred Share computed on the basis of a 360-day year and twelve 30-day months (the “Preferential Dividends”). For the avoidance of doubt, the first Preferential Dividends to be paid by the Corporation on March 15, 2023 shall be prorated for the period starting on the Issuance Date through such Preferential Dividend Date. (ii) Preferential Dividends shall be payable on March 15, June 15, September 15 and December 15 of each calendar year following the Issuance Date, or, if any such date falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the next day that is a Business Day (each such date, a “Preferential Dividend Date”). (iii) Preferential Dividends shall be payable on each Preferential Dividend Date, to the Holders of record on the related Preferential Dividend Record Date, in whole or in part, in cash (“Cash Preferential Dividend”) or, so long as there is no Equity Conditions Failure in respect of the Preferential Dividend Shares occurring on the applicable Preferential Dividend Date (subject to waiver   118 2024 Proxy Statement of any such Equity Conditions Failure in accordance with clause (v) below) by any Holder with respect to such Holder only, in Common Shares (the “Preferential Dividend Shares”), at the Corporation’s election, subject to any required stock exchange approval to issue such Common Shares. (iv) The Corporation shall give written notice (a “Preferential Dividend Election Notice”) to each Holder on or prior to the fifteenth (15th) Trading Day immediately prior to the applicable Preferential Dividend Date (the date such notice is delivered to the Holders, the “Preferential Dividend Notice Date”) indicating whether it elects to pay Preferential Dividend on any Preferential Dividend Date in Cash Preferential Dividend, in Preferential Dividend Shares or a combination thereof (and if a combination, the proportion that will be paid in Cash Preferential Dividend), which election shall be the same for all Holders. If the Corporation does not give a Preferential Election Notice in respect of a Preferential Dividend Date in accordance with the immediately preceding sentence, the Corporation will be deemed to have elected Cash Preferential Dividend in respect of the Preferential Dividends due on such Preferential Dividend Date. (v) If the Corporation elects the payment of applicable Preferential Dividend in Preferential Dividend Shares, in whole or in part, in respect of a Preferential Dividend Date, and an Equity Conditions Failure occurs at any time prior to such Preferential Dividend Date that the Corporation expects will last through such Preferential Dividend Date (which is not waived in writing by such Holder), the Corporation shall provide each Holder a written notice to that effect by no later than the Trading Day immediately following the date upon which the Corporation has knowledge of such Equity Conditions Failure, indicating that unless such Holder waives the Equity Conditions Failure in writing, the applicable portion of Preferential Dividend as to which such Holder did not waive the Equity Conditions Failure shall be paid as Cash Preferential Dividend. (vi) If any portion of Preferential Dividend for a particular Preferential Dividend Date shall be paid in Preferential Dividend Shares, then on the applicable Preferential Dividend Date, the Corporation shall issue to the Holder, such number of Common Shares equal to (a) the amount of Preferential Dividend payable on the applicable Preferential Dividend Date in Preferential Dividend Shares divided by (b) 97% of the simple average of the daily Weighted Average Prices of the Common Shares on each Trading Day during the ten (10) consecutive Trading Days immediately following the applicable Preferential Dividend Notice Date. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if the price set forth in clause (b) of the immediately preceding sentence is less than US$59.722 (as adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, reclassification or similar transaction relating to the Common Shares occurring after the Subscription Date) or less than the minimum price required such that the Common Shares are deemed to be issued at or above the market price or otherwise not requiring shareholder approval by the Toronto Stock Exchange (or its successor), then the Corporation shall be required to pay the applicable Preferential Dividends on the applicable Preferential Dividend Payment Date in cash as a Cash Preferential Dividend. All Preferential Dividend Shares shall be fully paid and nonassessable Common Shares (rounded in accordance with Section (6) (b)). By written notice to all Holders, the Corporation may irrevocably elect to eliminate its ability to pay Preferential Dividends with Preferential Dividend Shares (i) unless and until it receives the approval of its shareholders for the issuance of Common Shares in excess of the Exchange Cap (as defined below) or (ii) subject to no conditions. (b) Participating Dividends. From and after the Issuance Date, the Holders on the record date fixed for holders of Common Shares for dividends or distributions in a Calendar Quarter (or, in the event no such date is fixed in such Calendar Quarter, on the Preferential Dividend Record Date occurring in such Calendar Quarter) shall be entitled to receive, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, concurrently with the payment of regular quarterly cash dividends (or, in the event no such regular quarterly cash dividends are made, on the Preferential Dividend Date) paid to the holders of Common Shares, the greater of (A) such regular quarterly cash dividends paid to the holders of Common Shares to the same extent as if such Holders had converted the Series A Preferred Shares into Common Shares (without regard to any limitations on conversion) and had held such Common Shares on such record date (or, in the event no such date is fixed in such Calendar Quarter, on the Preferential Dividend Record Date occurring in such Calendar Quarter) and (B) US$0.27 (as adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, reclassification or similar transaction relating to the Common Shares occurring after the Subscription Date) per Common Share issuable upon conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares pursuant to Section (6)(a) on the applicable record date for payment of such dividend (or, in the event no such date is fixed in such Calendar Quarter, on the Preferential Dividend Record Date occurring in such Calendar Quarter) (without regard to any limitations on conversion) (the “Participating Dividends” and together with the Preferential Dividends, the “Dividends”). For the avoidance of doubt, Holders shall be entitled to receive to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor the Participating Dividend set forth in Section (5)(b)(B) each Calendar Quarter regardless of whether a regular quarterly cash dividend is declared on the Common Shares. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in this Section (5)(b), in no event shall the Participating Dividend include any special cash dividend payable to the holders of Common Shares, including the special cash dividend, if any, to be declared and paid in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “IAA Special Dividend”); provided, however, for the avoidance of doubt, that special cash dividends, including, without limitation, the IAA Special Dividend, shall adjust the Conversion Rate in accordance with Section (7)(a)(iii). (c) General. The Dividends shall be paid by the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and out of funds lawfully available therefor. Dividends on the Series A Preferred Shares shall commence accruing on the Issuance Date, shall be cumulative and shall continue to accrue without interest whether or not declared and whether or not in any fiscal year there shall be net profits or surplus available for the payment of Dividends in such fiscal year, so that if in any fiscal year or years, Dividends in whole or in part are not paid upon the Series A Preferred Shares as required by this Section (5) for any reason, including, without limitation, because there are no funds legally available therefor, unpaid Dividends shall accumulate thereon. If the Corporation fails to declare and pay full Preferential Dividends on the Series A Preferred Shares on any Preferential Dividend Date as provided in this Section (5), then any Preferential Dividends payable on such Preferential Dividend Date on the Series A Preferred Shares but not paid shall accrue an additional dividend thereon at a rate equal to the Preferential Dividend Rate, computed on the basis of a 360-day   119 2024 Proxy Statement Table year and twelve 30-day months, from and including the applicable Preferential Dividend Date to but excluding the day on which the Corporation shall have paid in accordance with this Section (5) all Dividends on which the Series A Preferred Shares that are then in arrears or until the conversion, redemption or repurchase of Contentsthe applicable Series A Preferred Shares. The Corporation shall not (either directly or through any of its Subsidiaries) redeem or repurchase any Pari Passu Shares or Junior Shares, unless the Corporation has declared all Dividends on the Series A Preferred Shares that have accrued through the Preferential Dividend Record Date immediately preceding the date of such redemption or repurchase and paid all Dividends on the Series A Preferred Shares that are payable through the Preferential Dividend Date immediately preceding the date of such redemption or repurchase other than redemptions or repurchases of (i) Series A Preferred Shares, Series A-1 Preferred Shares or Series A-2 Preferred Shares, as applicable, (ii) Junior Shares in the ordinary course of business in connection with any employment contract, equity incentive plan, benefit plan or other similar arrangement with or for the benefit of current or former employees, officers, directors or consultants; provided that not more than US$10.0 million is paid by the Corporation to redeem or repurchase Junior Shares in accordance with this clause (ii) in any 12 consecutive month period; (iii) Pari Passu Shares or Junior Shares as a result of an exchange or conversion of any class or series of Pari Passu Shares or Junior Shares for any other class or series of Pari Passu Shares (in the case of Pari Passu Shares) or Junior Shares (in the case of Pari Passu Shares or Junior Shares); and (iv) fractional interests in Pari Passu Shares or Junior Shares pursuant to the conversion or exchange provisions of such Pari Passu Shares or Junior Shares or the security being converted or exchanged. (6) Conversion of Series A Preferred Shares into Common Shares. Series A Preferred Shares shall be convertible into Common Shares on the terms and conditions set forth in this Section (6). (a) Holder’s Conversion Right. Subject to the provisions of Section (6)(e), at any time or times on or after the Issuance Date, any Holder shall be entitled to convert any Series A Preferred Shares into fully paid and nonassessable Common Shares in accordance with this Section (6) at the Conversion Rate (as defined below). (b) Conversion. The number of Common Shares issuable upon conversion by a Holder of Series A Preferred Shares pursuant to Section (6)(a) shall be determined by multiplying (x) the Conversion Amount in respect of the Series A Preferred Shares converted by such Holder pursuant to Section (6)(a), by (y) the Conversion Rate. In addition, the Corporation will deliver, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, cash in respect of accrued and unpaid Dividends, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares converted by such Holder pursuant to Section (6)(a). In connection with any conversion request, a Holder must convert at least 1,000 Series A Preferred Shares (unless it holds fewer than 1,000 Series A Preferred Shares at the time of such request, in which case, it must convert such number of Series A Preferred Shares held). No fractional Common Shares are to be issued upon the conversion of any Series A Preferred Share, but rather the number of Common Shares to be issued shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number and the Corporation shall in lieu of delivering any fractional Common Share issuable upon conversion, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, make a cash payment (calculated to the nearest cent) equal to such fraction multiplied by the Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares on the relevant Conversion Date without interest. The applicable Conversion Rate is subject to adjustment as hereinafter provided. (c) Mechanics of Conversion. The conversion of Series A Preferred Shares shall be conducted in the following manner: (i) Holder’s Delivery Requirements. To convert Series A Preferred Shares into Common Shares on any date, a Holder shall (A) deliver to the Corporation for receipt on or prior to 5:30 p.m., New York City Time, on such date, a copy of a properly completed and duly executed notice of conversion executed by the registered Holder of the Series A Preferred Shares subject to such conversion in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 1 (a “Conversion Notice”); and (B) deliver to the Corporation funds for the payment of any applicable share transfer, documentary, stamp or similar taxes. (ii) Corporation’s Response. As soon as practicable after the applicable Conversion Date, but in any event within two (2) Trading Days, the Corporation shall (A) (x) provided the Transfer Agent is participating in the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program (“FAST Program”) and the Common Shares issuable upon such conversion are DTC eligible and are issuable without a restricted legend and with an unrestricted CUSIP, as reasonably determined by the Corporation, credit such aggregate number of Common Shares to which such Holder shall be entitled to such Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian system, or (y) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC FAST Program or the Common Shares issuable upon such conversion are not DTC eligible or are not issuable without a restricted legend and with an unrestricted CUSIP, as reasonably determined by the Corporation, make a book-entry notation registered in the name of such Holder or its designee, for the number of Common Shares to which such Holder shall be entitled and deliver to the address as specified in the applicable Conversion Notice any notice required by law and (B) deliver, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, cash in respect of accrued and unpaid Dividends, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares converted by such Holder pursuant to Section (6)(a). While any Series A Preferred Shares are outstanding, the Corporation shall use a transfer agent that participates in the FAST Program or any successor program. (iii) Record Holder. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Person or Persons entitled to receive the Common Shares issuable upon a conversion of Series A Preferred Shares shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such Common Shares on the applicable Conversion Date or Mandatory Conversion Date (as defined below), as applicable, irrespective of the date such Common Shares are credited to such Holder’s account with DTC or the date of the book-entry notations evidencing such Common Shares, as the case may be. (iv) Corporation’s Failure to Timely Convert. If a Holder has not received all of the Common Shares to which such Holder is entitled on or within two (2) Trading Days after the applicable share delivery date with respect to a conversion of Series A Preferred Shares for any reason other such Holder’s failure to comply with the conditions set forth herein, then such Holder,    120 2024 Proxy Statement upon written notice to the Corporation, may void its Conversion Notice with respect to, and retain or have returned, as the case may be, any Series A Preferred Shares that have not been converted pursuant to such Holder’s Conversion Notice. (d) Mandatory Conversion at the Corporation’s Election. If at any time, or from time to time, during the applicable Mandatory Conversion Period (i) the applicable Mandatory Conversion Price Condition is satisfied and (ii) no Equity Conditions Failure exists on the Mandatory Conversion Date, the Corporation shall from time to time have the right to require the Holders to convert all, or any portion, of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares, as designated in the Mandatory Conversion Notice (as defined below) relating to the applicable Mandatory Conversion on the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date into fully paid, validly issued and nonassessable Common Shares and the Corporation will deliver, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, cash in respect of accrued and unpaid Dividends, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares converted by the Corporation pursuant to this Section (6) (d) (a “Mandatory Conversion”). The number of Common Shares issuable to a Holder in connection with a Mandatory Conversion pursuant to this Section (6)(d) shall be determined by multiplying (x) the Conversion Amount in respect of the Series A Preferred Shares of such Holder converted by the Corporation pursuant to this Section (6)(d) by (y) the Conversion Rate as of the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date. No fractional Common Shares are to be issued upon the Mandatory Conversion of any Series A Preferred Share, but rather the number of Common Shares to be issued shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number and the Corporation shall in lieu of delivering any fractional Common Share issuable upon conversion make, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, a cash payment (calculated to the nearest cent) equal to such fraction multiplied by the Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares on the relevant Mandatory Conversion Date without interest. The Corporation may exercise its right to require conversion under this Section (6)(d) by delivering not more than one (1) Trading Day following the end of any such Mandatory Conversion Measuring Period a written notice thereof to all Holders (a “Mandatory Conversion Notice” and the date the Corporation delivers such notice to all Holders is referred to as a “Mandatory Conversion Notice Date”). Each Mandatory Conversion Notice shall be irrevocable. Each Mandatory Conversion Notice shall (i) state (a) the Trading Day on which the applicable Mandatory Conversion shall occur, which Trading Day shall be the twentieth (20th) Trading Day following the applicable Mandatory Conversion Notice Date (unless an earlier date is agreed to in writing between the Corporation and a Holder, but only with respect to such Holder) (a “Mandatory Conversion Date”), (b) the aggregate Conversion Amount of the Series A Preferred Shares which the Corporation has elected to be subject to such Mandatory Conversion from such Holder and all other Holders pursuant to this Section (6)(d), (c) the amount of accrued and unpaid Dividends, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares converted by the Corporation pursuant to this Section (6)(d), (d) the number of Common Shares to be issued to such Holder on the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date, (e) in the event such Mandatory Conversion cannot be consummated in full due to the limitations set forth in Section (6)(e), state whether the Corporation shall on the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, redeem the Series A Preferred Shares that cannot be converted due to such limitation (such Series A Preferred Shares that the Corporation has elected to be subject to a Mandatory Conversion but which cannot be so converted due to the limitations set forth in Section (6)(e), the “Excess Mandatory Conversion Shares”) and (f) state whether the conversion of all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Shares that the Corporation has elected to be subject to a Mandatory Conversion will result in the issuance of a greater number of Common Shares than permitted under Section (6)(e)(i), and (ii) certify that the applicable Mandatory Conversion Price Condition relating to the applicable Mandatory Conversion has been satisfied and that there is no Equity Conditions Failure as of the Mandatory Conversion Notice Date. If the Corporation confirmed that there was no such Equity Conditions Failure relating to the applicable Mandatory Conversion as of the applicable Mandatory Conversion Notice Date but an Equity Conditions Failure occurs at any time between the applicable Mandatory Conversion Notice Date and the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date (a “Mandatory Conversion Interim Period”) that the Corporation expects will last through the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date, the Corporation shall provide each Holder a subsequent written notice to that effect. If there is an Equity Conditions Failure on the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date, then such Mandatory Conversion shall be null and void with respect to all or any part designated by such Holder of the unconverted Series A Preferred Shares subject to the applicable Mandatory Conversion and such Holder shall be entitled to all the rights of a holder of Series A Preferred Shares with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares; provided, however, that if a Holder waives in writing an Equity Conditions Failure during the applicable Mandatory Conversion Interim Period, then the Corporation shall be required to proceed with the applicable Mandatory Conversion with respect to such Holder. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section (6)(d), until the applicable Mandatory Conversion has occurred, the Series A Preferred Shares subject to the Mandatory Conversion may be converted, in whole or in part, by a Holder into Common Shares pursuant to Sections (6)(a)-(c). All Series A Preferred Shares converted by a Holder after a Mandatory Conversion Notice Date shall reduce the Series A Preferred Shares required to be converted on the related Mandatory Conversion Date. If a Mandatory Conversion cannot be consummated in full due to the limitations set forth in Section (6)(e), then (i) on the applicable Mandatory Conversation Date, only that portion of the applicable Mandatory Conversion that complies with the limitations set forth in Section (6)(e) shall occur, (ii) unless the Corporation has indicated in the applicable Mandatory Conversion Notice that it shall redeem the applicable Excess Mandatory Conversion Shares on the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date, such Holder must promptly deliver one or more Conversion Notice(s) to the Corporation upon disposition of any securities of the Corporation that would permit the conversion of any portion of such Excess Mandatory Conversion Shares and (iii) notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Preferential Dividends with respect to the Series A Preferred Shares which the Corporation has elected to be subject to such Mandatory Conversion shall cease to accrue and be payable as of the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date and all approval, consent or voting rights and any right to a Make-Whole Amount shall cease with respect to the Series A Preferred Shares not able to be so converted. If a Mandatory Conversion consummated in full would violate the limitations set forth in (i) Section (6)(e)(ii), the Corporation may indicate in the related Mandatory Conversion Notice that it shall redeem, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, the Excess Mandatory Conversion Shares on the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date in cash, without interest, at a price equal to the greater of (x) 100% of the Conversion Amount in respect of the applicable Excess Mandatory Conversion Shares   121 2024 Proxy Statement and (y) the product of (1) the Conversion Amount of the applicable Excess Mandatory Conversion Shares and (2) the quotient determined by dividing (A) the greatest Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares during the period beginning on the Trading Day immediately preceding the applicable Mandatory Conversion Notice Date and ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date, by (B) the lowest Conversion Price in effect during such period referred to in the immediately preceding clause (y)(2)(A) or (ii) Section (6)(e)(i), the Corporation may indicate in the related Mandatory Conversion Notice that it shall redeem the portion of the Series A Preferred Shares that is subject to a Mandatory Conversion that cannot be converted due to the limitations set forth in Section (6)(e)(i) on the applicable Mandatory Conversion Date in cash, without interest, at a price per Common Share that the Corporation is prohibited from issuing pursuant to Section (6)(e)(i) equal to the amount set forth in the last sentence of Section (6)(e)(i). If the Corporation elects to cause a Mandatory Conversion pursuant to this Section (6) (d), then it must simultaneously take the same action in the same proportion with respect to all Series A Preferred Shares to the extent practicable or, if the pro rata basis is not practicable for any reason, by lot or such other equitable method as the Corporation determines in good faith. On the Mandatory Conversion Date, each Series A Preferred Share to be converted pursuant to such Mandatory Conversion shall automatically be converted into fully paid, validly issued, nonassessable Common Shares as described above without any further act or deed on the part of the Corporation, any Holder or any other Person. (e) Limitation on Conversions. (i) Principal Market Regulation. The Corporation shall not be obligated to issue any Common Shares pursuant to the terms of these Articles of Continuance, and the Holders shall not have the right to receive any Common Shares pursuant to the terms of these Articles of Continuance, to the extent the issuance of such Common Shares would exceed 22,165,789 Common Shares (as adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, reclassification or similar transaction relating to the Common Shares occurring after the Subscription Date) (the “Exchange Cap”), except that such limitation shall not apply in the event that the Corporation obtains the approval of its shareholders as required by the applicable rules of the Principal Market and the Toronto Stock Exchange (or its successor), as applicable, for issuances of Common Shares in excess of such amount or if the Principal Market and the Toronto Stock Exchange (or its successor), as applicable, allows for a greater number of Common Shares to be issued pursuant to these Articles of Continuance. Until such approval is obtained, no Holder shall be issued in the aggregate, pursuant to the terms of these Articles of Continuance, Common Shares in an amount greater than the product of the Exchange Cap multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of Series A Preferred Shares issued to such initial Holder pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement on the Issuance Date and the denominator of which is the aggregate number of all Series A Preferred Shares issued to the initial Holders pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement on the Issuance Date (with respect to each such Holder, the “Exchange Cap Allocation”). In the event that any Holder shall sell or otherwise transfer any of such Holder’s Series A Preferred Shares, the transferee shall be allocated a pro rata portion of such Holder’s Exchange Cap Allocation, and the restrictions of the prior sentence shall apply to such transferee with respect to the portion of the Exchange Cap Allocation allocated to such transferee. In the event that any Holder shall have converted any of such Holder’s Series A Preferred Shares into a number of Common Shares which, in the aggregate, is less than such Holder’s Exchange Cap Allocation, then the difference between such Holder’s Exchange Cap Allocation and the number of Common Shares actually issued to such Holder shall be allocated to the respective Exchange Cap Allocations of the remaining Holders on a pro rata basis in proportion to the Common Shares underlying the Series A Preferred Shares then held by each such Holder. In the event that the Corporation is prohibited from issuing any Common Shares in connection with a conversion of Series A Preferred Shares pursuant to Section (6)(a) or Section (6)(d)or in respect of Preferential Dividend Shares as a result of the operation of this Section (6)(e)(i) (the “Exchange Cap Shares”), the Corporation shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, pay cash on or prior to the applicable share delivery date to such Holder in exchange for the redemption of such number of Series A Preferred Shares held by the Holder that are not convertible into such Exchange Cap Shares at a price equal to the product of (x) such number of Exchange Cap Shares and (y) the Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares on the applicable Conversion Date or Mandatory Conversion Date, as the case may be, except that if the Exchange Cap Shares are Preferential Dividend Shares, the Corporation shall instead pay to such Holder Cash Preferential Dividends on the applicable Preferential Dividend Date in accordance with Section (5). (ii) HSR Cap. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, until the HSR Date the Corporation shall not effect the conversion of any portion of Series A Preferred Shares held by an HSR Holder in excess of the HSR Amount, and no HSR Holder shall have the right to convert any portion of its Series A Preferred Shares in excess of the HSR Amount pursuant to the terms and conditions of these Articles of Continuance and any such conversion shall be null and void and treated as if never made. (f) Transfer Taxes. The Corporation shall not be required to pay any documentary stamp or similar tax that may be payable in respect of the issuance, delivery, payment or other transfer of Series A Preferred Shares, Common Shares or other securities, and shall not be required to make any such issuance, delivery, payment or other transfer unless and until the Person entitled to such issuance, delivery, payment or other transfer or any other Person liable for such tax has paid to the Corporation the amount of any such tax or has established, to the reasonable satisfaction of the Corporation (as determined in its reasonable discretion), that such tax has been paid or is not payable. (7) Adjustments to Conversion Rate. (a) Adjustments. The Conversion Rate will be subject to adjustment, without duplication, upon the occurrence of the following events, except that the Corporation shall not make any adjustment to the Conversion Rate if each Holder of the Series A Preferred Shares participates, at the same time and upon the same terms as holders of Common Shares and solely as a result of holding Series A Preferred Shares, in any transaction described in this Section (7)(a), without having to convert its Series A Preferred Shares, as if it held a number of Common Shares equal to (x) the Conversion Rate, multiplied by (y) the Conversion Amount of Series A Preferred Shares held by such Holder (without regard to any limitations on conversion):   122 2024 Proxy Statement (i) The exclusive issuance of Common Shares as a dividend or distribution on all or substantially all of the Common Shares, or a subdivision or combination of Common Shares or a reclassification of Common Shares into a greater or lesser number of Common Shares, in which event the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted based on the following formula: CR1 = CR0 x (OS1 / OS0) CR0 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on (i) the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution, or (ii) the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification CR1 = the new Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on (i) the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution, or (ii) the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification OS0 = the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on (i) the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution or (ii) the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification OS1 = the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately after, and solely as a result of, the completion of such event Any adjustment made pursuant to this clause (i) shall be effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution, or the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification, as applicable. If any such event is announced or declared but does not occur, the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted, effective as of the date the Corporation announces that such event shall not occur, to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such event had not been declared. (ii) The dividend, distribution or other issuance to all or substantially all holders of Common Shares of rights (other than rights, options or warrants distributed in connection with a shareholder rights plan (in which event the provisions of Section (7)(a)(vi) shall apply)), options or warrants entitling them to subscribe for or purchase Common Shares for a period expiring forty-five (45) days or less from the date of issuance thereof, at a price per share that is less than the Current Market Price as of the date such dividend, distribution or other issuance is publicly announced (the “Public Announcement Date”) for such issuance, in which event the Conversion Rate will be increased based on the following formula: CR1 = CR0 x [(OS0+X) / (OS0+Y)] CR0 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend, distribution or issuance CR1 = the new Conversion Rate in effect immediately following the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend, distribution or issuance OS0 = the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend, distribution or issuance X = the total number of Common Shares issuable pursuant to such rights, options or warrants Y = the number of Common Shares equal to the aggregate price payable to exercise such rights, options or warrants divided by the Current Market Price as of the Public Announcement Date for such dividend, distribution or issuance For purposes of this clause (ii), in determining whether any rights, options or warrants entitle the holders to purchase the Common Shares at a price per share that is less than the Current Market Price as of the Public Announcement Date for such dividend, distribution or issuance, there shall be taken into account any consideration the Corporation receives for such rights, options or warrants, and any amount payable on exercise thereof, with the value of such consideration, if other than cash, to be the Fair Market Value thereof. Any adjustment made pursuant to this clause (ii) shall become effective immediately following the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend, distribution or issuance. In the event that such rights, options or warrants are not so issued, the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted, effective as of the date the Corporation publicly announces its decision not to issue such rights, options or warrants, to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend, distribution or issuance had not been declared. To the extent that such rights, options or warrants are not exercised prior to their expiration or Common Shares are otherwise not delivered pursuant to such rights, options or warrants upon the exercise of such rights, options or warrants, the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect had the adjustments made upon the dividend, distribution or issuance of such rights, options or warrants been made on the basis of the delivery of only the number of Common Shares actually delivered. (iii) The distribution by the Corporation to all or substantially all holders of its Common Shares (other than for cash in lieu of fractional shares), shares of any class of its share capital, evidences of its indebtedness, assets, other property, securities or special cash dividends (including, without limitation, the IAA Special Dividend, but excluding (A) regular quarterly cash dividends that are Participating Dividends in accordance with Section (5)(b)), (B) dividends or distributions referred to in Section (7)(a)(i) or Section (7)(a)(ii) hereof, (C) Distribution Transactions as to which Section (7)(a)(iv) shall apply, (D) rights, options or warrants distributed in connection with a shareholder rights plan as to which Section (7)(a)(v) shall apply and (E) distributions of Reference Property in a Corporate Event described in Section (9)(c) hereof) (any of such shares of its share capital, indebtedness, assets, property, securities or special cash dividends that are not so excluded are hereinafter called the “Distributed Property”), then, in each such case the Conversion Rate shall be adjusted based on the following formula: CR1 = CR0 x [SP0 / (SP0 - FMV)] CR0 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution   123 2024 Proxy Statement CR1 = the new Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution SP0 = the Current Market Price as of the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution FMV = the Fair Market Value of the portion of Distributed Property distributed with respect to each outstanding Common Share on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution; provided that in the event of a dividend or distribution of cash, FMV shall equal the amount in cash per Common Share the Corporation distributes to all or substantially all holders of its Common Shares; provided further that, if FMV is equal or greater than SP0, then in lieu of the foregoing adjustment, the Corporation shall distribute to each Holder of Series A Preferred Shares on the date the applicable Distributed Property is distributed to holders of Common Shares, but without requiring such Holder to convert its Series A Preferred Shares, in respect of each Series A Preferred Share held by such Holder, the amount of Distributed Property such holder would have received had such holder owned a number of Common Shares equal to the Conversion Rate on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution Any adjustment made pursuant to this clause (iii) shall be effective immediately after the open of business on the Ex-Dividend Date for such dividend or distribution. If any such dividend or distribution is declared but does not occur, the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted, effective as of the date the Corporation announces that such dividend or distribution shall not occur, to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared.   (iv) The Corporation effects a Distribution Transaction, in which case the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula: CR1 = CR0 x [(FMV + MP0) / MP0] CR0 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the end of the Valuation Period (as defined below) CR1 = the new Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the end of the Valuation Period FMV = the arithmetic average of the Weighted Average Prices for a common share or similar equity interest distributed per Common Share to holders of Common Shares over the first ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period after, and including, the Ex-Dividend Date for the Distribution Transaction (the “Valuation Period”); provided that, if there is no Weighted Average Price of the common share or similar equity interest distributed to holders of the Common Shares on such Ex-Dividend Date, the “Valuation Period” shall be the ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period after, and including, the first Trading Day such Weighted Average Price is available MP0 = the arithmetic average of the Weighted Average Price per Common Share over the Valuation Period Such adjustment shall become effective immediately following the close of business on the last Trading Day of the Valuation Period. If an adjustment to the Conversion Rate is required under this Section (7)(a)(iv), delivery of any additional Common Shares that may be deliverable upon conversion as a result of an adjustment required under this Section (7)(a)(iv) shall be delayed to the extent necessary in order to complete the calculations provided for in this Section (7)(a)(iv). If any Distribution Transaction is declared but not so paid or made, the Conversion Rate shall be immediately decreased, effective as of the date the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board”) determines not to pay or make such dividend or distribution, to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such dividend or distribution had not been declared or announced. (v) If the Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries make a payment in respect of a tender or exchange offer for the Common Shares that is subject to the then applicable tender offer rules under the Exchange Act, other than an odd lot tender offer pursuant to Rule 13e-4(h)(5) under the Exchange Act, to the extent that the cash and value of any other consideration included in the payment per Common Share exceeds the average of the Weighted Average Prices of the Common Shares over the ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period commencing on, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the last date on which tenders or exchanges may be made pursuant to such tender or exchange offer, the Conversion Rate shall be increased based on the following formula: CR1 = CR0 x [AC+(SP1 x OS1)] / (OS0 x SP1) CR0 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately prior to the close of business on the 10th Trading Day immediately following, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires CR1 = the Conversion Rate in effect immediately after the close of business on the 10th Trading Day immediately following, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires AC = the aggregate value of all cash and any other consideration (as determined by the Corporation) paid or payable for Common Shares purchased in such tender or exchange offer OS0 = the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately prior to the date such tender or exchange offer expires (prior to giving effect to the purchase of all Common Shares accepted for purchase or exchange in such tender or exchange offer) OS1 = the number of Common Shares outstanding immediately after the date such tender or exchange offer expires (after giving effect to the purchase of all Common Shares accepted for purchase or exchange in such tender or exchange offer) SP1 = the average of the Weighted Average Prices of the Common Shares over the 10 consecutive Trading Day period commencing on, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires The adjustment to the Conversion Rate under this Section (7)(a)(v) shall occur at the close of business on the 10th Trading Day immediately following, and including, the Trading Day next succeeding the date such tender or exchange offer expires.   124 2024 Proxy Statement If an adjustment to the Conversion Rate is required under this Section (7)(a)(v), delivery of any additional Common Shares that may be deliverable upon conversion as a result of an adjustment required under this Section (7)(a)(v) shall be delayed to the extent necessary in order to complete the calculations provided for in this Section (7)(a)(v). If the Corporation or one of its Subsidiaries is obligated to purchase Common Shares pursuant to any such tender or exchange offer described in the preceding paragraph but the Corporation is, or such Subsidiary is, permanently prevented by applicable law from effecting any such purchase or all such purchases are rescinded, the Conversion Rate will be decreased to be the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect if such tender or exchange offer had not been made or had been made only in respect of the purchases that have been effected. (vi) If the Corporation has a shareholder rights plan in effect with respect to the Common Shares on any Conversion Date or Mandatory Conversion Date, upon conversion of any of the Series A Preferred Shares, Holders of such shares will receive, in addition to the applicable number of Common Shares, the rights under such rights plan relating to such Common Shares, unless, prior to such Conversion Date, the rights have (A) become exercisable or (B) separated from the Common Shares (the first of such events to occur, a “Trigger Event”), in which case, the Conversion Rate will be adjusted, effective automatically at the time of such Trigger Event, as if the Corporation had made a distribution of such rights to all holders of the Common Shares as described in Section (7)(a)(ii) (without giving effect to the forty-five (45) day limit on the exercisability of rights, options or warrants ordinarily subject to such Section (7)(a)(ii)), subject to appropriate readjustment in the event of the expiration, termination or redemption of such rights prior to the exercise, deemed exercise or exchange thereof. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent any such shareholder rights are exchanged by the Corporation for Common Shares or other property or securities, the Conversion Rate shall be appropriately readjusted as if such shareholder rights had not been issued, but the Corporation had instead issued such Common Shares or other property or securities as a dividend or distribution of Common Shares pursuant to Section (7)(a)(i) or Section (7)(a)(iii), as applicable. To the extent that such rights are not exercised prior to their expiration, termination or redemption, the Conversion Rate shall be readjusted to the Conversion Rate that would then be in effect had the adjustments made upon the occurrence of the Trigger Event been made on the basis of the issuance of, and the receipt of the exercise price with respect to, only the number of Common Shares actually issued pursuant to such rights. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section (7)(a)(vi), no adjustment shall be required to be made to the Conversion Rate with respect to any Holder which is, or is an “affiliate” or “associate” of, an “acquiring person” (or analogous term) under such shareholder rights plan or with respect to any direct or indirect transferee of such Holder who receives Series A Preferred Shares in such transfer after the time such Holder becomes, or its affiliate or associate becomes, an “acquiring person” (or analogous term). (b) Calculation of Adjustments. All adjustments to the Conversion Rate shall be calculated by the Corporation to the nearest 1/10,000,000th of one Common Share (or if there is not a nearest 1/10,000,000th of a share, to the next lower 1/10,000,000th of a share). No adjustment to the Conversion Rate will be required unless such adjustment would require an increase or decrease of at least one percent of the Conversion Rate; provided, however, that any such adjustment that is not required to be made will be carried forward and taken into account in any subsequent adjustment; provided further that any such adjustment of less than one percent that has not been made will be made upon any conversion. (c) When No Adjustment Required. (i) Except as otherwise provided in this Section (7), the Conversion Rate will not be adjusted for the issuance of Common Shares or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for Common Shares or carrying the right to purchase any of the foregoing, or for the repurchase of Common Shares. (ii) Except as otherwise provided in this Section (7), the Conversion Rate will not be adjusted as a result of the issuance of, the distribution of separate certificates representing, the exercise or redemption of, or the termination or invalidation of, rights pursuant to any shareholder rights plans. (iii) No adjustment to the Conversion Rate will be made: (A)  upon the issuance of any Common Shares pursuant to any present or future plan providing for the reinvestment of dividends or interest payable on securities of the Corporation and the investment of additional optional amounts in Common Shares under any plan in which purchases are made at market prices on the date or dates of purchase, without discount, and whether or not the Corporation bears the ordinary costs of administration and operation of the plan, including brokerage commissions (B)  upon the issuance of any Common Shares or options or rights to purchase such shares pursuant to any present or future employee, director or officer benefit or equity incentive arrangement, plan or program of or assumed by the Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries or of any employee agreements or arrangements or programs; (C)  except as otherwise provided in this Section (7) upon the issuance of any Common Shares pursuant to any option, warrant, right, or exercisable, exchangeable or any shares or securities directly or indirectly convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Common Shares; (D)  for dividends or distributions declared or paid to holders of Common Shares in which Holders participate pursuant to Section (5); (E)  for a third-party tender offer or exchange offer by any party other than a tender offer or exchange offer by one or more of the Corporation’s Subsidiaries as described in Section (7)(a)(v); or (F) for any accrued and unpaid dividends (in accordance with Section (5)(c)) or Dividends.   125 2024 Proxy Statement (d) Successive Adjustments. After an adjustment to the Conversion Rate under this Section (7), any subsequent event requiring an adjustment under this Section (7) shall cause an adjustment to each such Conversion Rate as so adjusted. (e) Multiple Adjustments. For the avoidance of doubt, if an event occurs that would trigger an adjustment to the Conversion Rate pursuant to this Section (7) under more than one subsection hereof, such event, to the extent fully taken into account in a single adjustment, shall not result in multiple adjustments hereunder; provided, however, that if more than one subsection of this Section (7) is applicable to a single event, the subsection shall be applied that produces the highest adjusted Conversion Rate. (f) Notice of Adjustments. Whenever the Conversion Rate is adjusted as provided under this Section (7), the Corporation shall as soon as reasonably practicable following the occurrence of an event that requires such adjustment (or if the Corporation is not aware of such occurrence, as soon as reasonably practicable after becoming so aware) compute the adjusted applicable Conversion Rate in accordance with this Section (7) and prepare and transmit to the Holders and if the Transfer Agent maintains the register and records pursuant to Section (17), the Transfer Agent a certificate of an authorized officer of the Corporation (an “Officer’s Certificate”) setting forth the applicable Conversion Rate, the method of calculation thereof, and the facts requiring such adjustment and upon which such adjustment is based. (g) Transfer Agent. The Transfer Agent shall not at any time be under any duty or responsibility to any Holder to determine whether any facts exist that may require any adjustment of the Conversion Rate or with respect to the nature or extent or calculation of any such adjustment when made, or with respect to the method employed in making the same. The Transfer Agent shall be fully authorized and protected in relying on any Officer’s Certificate delivered pursuant to Section (7)(f) and any adjustment contained therein and the Transfer Agent shall not be deemed to have knowledge of any adjustment unless and until it has received such certificate. The Transfer Agent shall not be responsible for any failure of the Corporation to issue, transfer or deliver any Common Shares pursuant to the conversion of Series A Preferred Shares or to comply with any of the duties, responsibilities or covenants of the Corporation contained in this Section (7). (8) Offer To Repurchase. If, at any time while any Series A Preferred Shares remain outstanding, the Corporation redeems or repurchases any of its Common Shares, Junior Shares, options or warrants that are convertible, exchangeable or exercisable for Common Shares after it has redeemed or repurchased from and after the Subscription Date an aggregate of US$2.0 billion of Common Shares (and/ or Common Shares underlying any Junior Shares, options or warrants that are convertible, exchangeable or exercisable for Common Shares) (an “Offer to Repurchase Event”), the Corporation shall deliver a written notice thereof (an “Offer to Repurchase Notice”) no later than five (5) Business Days following the end of the Calendar Quarter during which one or more Offer to Repurchase Events occurred to all, but not less than all, of the Holders (the date the Corporation delivers such notice to all Holders is referred to as an “Offer to Repurchase Notice Date”) and offer to repurchase (an “Offer to Repurchase”) from each Holder a number of such Holder’s Series A Preferred Shares equal to no less than such Holder’s Offer to Repurchase Pro Rata Portion of the Offer to Repurchase Percentage of the Series A Preferred Shares then issued and outstanding (such number of Series A Preferred Shares, the “Offer to Repurchase Shares”). An Offer to Repurchase shall offer to redeem each such Offer to Repurchase Share for cash at a price equal to the applicable Offer to Repurchase Price. Within twenty (20) Business Days after the receipt by the Holder of an Offer to Repurchase Notice, each Holder may require the Corporation to redeem to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, at the Offer to Repurchase Price, up to the amount of such Holder’s Offer to Repurchase Shares by delivering written notice thereof (an “Acceptance Notice”) to the Corporation which Acceptance Notice shall indicate the number of Offer to Repurchase Shares that such Holder is electing to redeem and the wire instructions for the payment of the applicable Offer to Repurchase Price to such Holder. Each Offer to Repurchase shall occur on the thirtieth (30th) Business Day following the end of the Calendar Quarter during which one more Offers to Repurchase giving rise to the applicable Offer to Repurchase occurred (an “Offer to Repurchase Date”). Each Offer to Repurchase Notice shall (A) describe the applicable Offer to Repurchase Event, including, without limitation, the calculation of the Offer to Repurchase Pro Rata Portion, the Offer to Repurchase Percentage and the Offer to Repurchase Price and (B) state the maximum Offer to Repurchase Price to be paid to such Holder on such Offer to Repurchase Date. On the applicable Offer to Repurchase Date the Corporation shall deliver or shall cause to be delivered to the Holder to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor the Offer to Repurchase Price in cash by wire transfer of immediately available funds pursuant to wire instructions provided by the Holder in writing to the Corporation in its Acceptance Notice. Unless otherwise indicated in a Conversion Notice, all Series A Preferred Shares converted by the Holder after the Offer to Repurchase Notice Date shall reduce the Holder’s right to require redemption of the Holder’s Offer to Repurchase Shares on a one-for-one basis. (9) Change of Control RedemptionRights. (a) Holders’ Change of Control Redemption Right. No later than ten (10) days prior to the consummation of a Change of Control, or, if not practicable as promptly as reasonably practicable after the Corporation is aware of such Change of Control, the Corporation shall deliver written notice thereof to the Holders (a “Change of Control Notice”) setting forth a description of such transaction in reasonable detail and the anticipated Change of Control Redemption Date (as defined below) if then known. At any time during the period beginning after a Holder’s receipt of a Change of Control Notice and ending on the date that is twenty (20) Trading Days after the consummation of such Change of Control, such Holder may require the Corporation to redeem (a “Change of Control Redemption”), to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, all or any portion of such Holder’s Series A Preferred Shares by delivering written notice thereof (“Change of Control Redemption Notice”) to the Corporation and, if the Transfer Agent maintains the register and records pursuant to Section (17), the Transfer Agent, which Change of Control Redemption Notice shall indicate the number of Series A Preferred Shares such Holder is electing to redeem (which number shall be at least one thousand (1,000) Series A Preferred Shares) (unless it holds fewer than 1,000 Series A Preferred Shares at the time of such request, in which case, it must convert such number of Series A Preferred Shares held) and include wire instructions for the payment of the applicable Change of Control Redemption Price. Any Series A Preferred Shares subject to redemption pursuant to this Section (9)(a) shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, be redeemed by the Corporation in cash, without interest, at a price equal to the sum of (A) the greater of (x) the Conversion Amount of the Series    126 2024 Proxy Statement “ A Preferred Shares being redeemed and (y) the Change of Control As-Converted Value with respect to the Series A Preferred Shares being redeemed, (B) the Make-Whole Amount and (C) accrued and unpaid Dividends, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares being redeemed (the amount in this clause (C), the “Change of Control Accrued Dividends Payment”, the sum of the amounts in the immediately preceding clauses (A) and (B), the “Base Change of Control Redemption Price” and the sum of the amounts in the immediately preceding clauses (A), (B) and (C), the “Change of Control Redemption Price”); provided, however, that each Holder, at its option, may, instead of requiring the redemption of any Series A Preferred Shares, elect in its Change of Control Redemption Notice to require the Corporation to exchange such Series A Preferred Shares for (1) such number of Common Shares (the “Redemption Exchange Shares”) calculated by dividing (x) the applicable Base Change of Control Redemption Price, by (y) the applicable Make-Whole Share Price, and, (2) to the fullest extent permitted by law and out of funds lawfully available therefor, the applicable Change of Control Accrued Dividends Payment in cash (together with the Redemption Exchange Shares, the “Redemption Exchange Consideration”). The Corporation shall make payment of the Change of Control Redemption Price, or the exchange of Series A Preferred Shares for Redemption Exchange Consideration, concurrently with the consummation of such Change of Control if such a Change of Control Redemption Notice is received at least five (5) Trading Days prior to the consummation of such Change of Control and within five (5) Trading Days after the Corporation’s receipt of such notice otherwise (the “Change of Control Redemption Date”). Once a Change of Control Redemption Notice has been delivered, the Series A Preferred Shares submitted for redemption (or exchange) under this Section (9)(a) may not be converted, in whole or in part, pursuant to Sections (6)(a)-(c). In the event that a Holder elects to require the exchange of Series A Preferred Shares for Redemption Exchange Consideration as set forth above, the Corporation shall make appropriate provision to ensure that such Holder will have the right to receive, in exchange for the Redemption Exchange Shares included in such Redemption Exchange Consideration (or in lieu of Redemption Exchange Shares included in such Redemption Exchange Consideration, if the Change of Control is consummated before the delivery of such Redemption Exchange Shares), such shares of stock, securities, cash, assets or any other property whatsoever (including warrants or other purchase or subscription rights), if any, which are paid to the holders of Common Shares of the Corporation in connection with such Change of Control in accordance with Section (9)(c). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Section (9)(a), in the event of a Change of Control Redemption, the Corporation shall only pay the Change of Control Redemption Price in cash as required by this Section (9) after paying in full in cash all obligations of the Corporation and its Subsidiaries under any credit agreement, indenture or similar agreement evidencing indebtedness for borrowed money (including the termination of all commitments to lend, to the extent required by such credit agreement, indenture or similar agreement) in excess of US$50.0 million, individually, and in existence at the time of such Change of Control Redemption (without giving effect to any amendment, supplement, restatement, replacement, refinance or other modification thereto on or after or in anticipation of such Change of Control) (collectively, the “Debt Documents”), which requires prior payment of the obligations thereunder (and termination of commitments thereunder, if applicable) as a condition to the payment of such Change of Control Redemption Price in cash (all such required payments under the Debt Documents in the event of a Change of Control are collectively referred to as the “Senior Debt Payments”; provided, however, that the Corporation shall use its commercially reasonable best efforts to pay such Senior Debt Payments without delay in accordance with the terms of the Debt Documents and shall not be allowed to circumvent any payment of a Change of Control Redemption Price by unnecessarily delaying the payment of any Senior Debt Payments. (b) Redemption by the Corporation Upon a Qualified Change of Control. In the case of a Change of Control as a result of which the Series A Preferred Shares are not convertible into common share capital that is quoted on or listed for trading on an Eligible Market (a “Qualified Change of Control”), any Series A Preferred Shares, may be redeemed, at the option of the Corporation (or its successor or the acquiring or surviving Person in such Qualified Change of Control), upon not less than thirty (30) days’ notice delivered to the Holders not later than ten (10) days after the consummation of such Qualified Change of Control, at a redemption price per share equal to the Change of Control Redemption Price with respect to such Qualified Change of Control. Unless the Corporation (or its successor or the acquiring or surviving Person in such Qualified Change of Control) defaults in making the redemption payment on the applicable Change of Control Redemption Date, on and after such Change of Control Redemption Date, (A) Dividends shall cease to accrue on the Series A Preferred Shares so called for redemption, (B) all Series A Preferred Shares called for redemption shall no longer be deemed outstanding and (C) all rights with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares shall on such Change of Control Redemption Date cease and terminate, except only the right of the Holders thereof to receive the amount payable in such redemption. (c) Corporate Events. If there shall occur any Fundamental Transaction, as a result of which the Common Shares are converted into or exchanged for securities, cash, assets or other property (a “Corporate Event”), then following any such Corporate Event, each Series A Preferred Share shall remain outstanding (subject to the last paragraph of Section (14)) and be convertible into the number, kind and amount of securities, cash, assets or other property which a Holder would have received in such Corporate Event had such Holder converted its Series A Preferred Share into the applicable number of Common Shares immediately prior to the effective date of the Corporate Event using the Conversion Rate applicable immediately prior to the effective date of such Corporate Event (the “Reference Property”); and, in such case, appropriate adjustment shall be made in the application of the provisions set forth in Section (7) and this Section (9)(c) with respect to the rights and interests thereafter of the Holders, to the extent that the provisions set forth in Section (7) and this Section (9)(c) (including provisions with respect to changes in and other adjustments of the Conversion Rate) and Section (9) shall thereafter be applicable in relation to any securities, cash, assets or other property thereafter deliverable upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares. The Corporation (or any successor thereto) shall, no less than twenty (20) Business Days prior to the occurrence of any Corporate Event, provide written notice to the Holders of such occurrence of such event and of the kind and amount of the securities, cash, assets or other property that each Series A Preferred Share will be convertible into under this Section (9)(c). Failure to deliver such notice shall not affect the operation of this Section (9)(c). The Corporation shall not enter into any agreement for a transaction constituting a Corporate Event unless, subject to the last paragraph of Section (14), (i) such agreement provides for, or does not interfere with or prevent (as applicable), conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares in a manner that is consistent with and gives effect to this Section (9)(c) and (ii) to the extent that the Corporation is not the surviving entity in such Corporate Event or will be dissolved in connection with such   127 2024 Proxy Statement Corporate Event, proper provision shall be made in the agreements governing such Corporate Event for the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares into the Reference Property and the assumption by such Person of the obligations of the Corporation under these Articles. If the Corporate Event causes the Common Shares to be converted into, or exchanged for, the right to receive more than a single type of consideration (determined based in part upon any form of shareholder election), then for the purposes of this Section (9)(c), the Reference Property into which the Series A Preferred Shares shall be convertible shall be deemed to be the weighted average of the types and amounts of consideration per share actually received by holders of Common Shares. The Corporation shall notify Holders of the weighted average as soon as practicable after such determination is made. The provisions of this Section shall apply similarly and equally to successive Corporate Events and shall be applied without regard to any limitations on the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares. (10) Right of the Holders to Convert to Series A-1 and Series A-2 Preferred Shares; Corporation’s Option to Redeem Upon Such Request. (a) Conversion to Series A-1. Each Holder shall have the right, at such Holder’s option on or prior to the thirtieth (30th) day immediately preceding the fourth (4th) anniversary of the Issuance Date, but not prior to the date that is sixty (60) days prior to such date, subject to the conversion procedures set forth in Section (10)(e) and the Corporation’s right to effect a Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption pursuant to Section (11)(b)(iii), to convert each Series A Preferred Share of such Holder into one Series A-1 Preferred Share (as defined below) (the “Series A-1 Conversion Right”). The right of conversion may be exercised as to all or any portion of such Holder’s Series A Preferred Shares; provided that, in each case, no right of conversion may be exercised by a Holder in respect of less than one (1) Series A Preferred Share (as adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, reclassification or similar transaction relating to the Series A Preferred Shares occurring after the Subscription Date). On the fourth (4th) anniversary of the Issuance Date (the “Series A-1 Conversion Date”), if the Corporation has not delivered a Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice prior to such date, then the Corporation shall convert the amount of Series A Preferred Shares specified in the Dividend Increase Conversion Notice (as defined in Section (10)(e)), if any, to Series A-1 Preferred Shares as of the Series A-1 Conversion Date. For the avoidance of doubt, (i) the Conversion Amount of the Series A-1 Preferred Shares to be issued upon such conversion shall equal the Conversion Amount of the Series A Preferred Shares submitted for conversion upon exercise of the Series A-1 Conversion Right set forth herein and (ii) accrued and unpaid Dividends, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), in respect of Series A Preferred Shares converted for Series A-1 Preferred Shares pursuant to this Section (10)(a) will be converted into accrued and unpaid Dividends (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), in respect of such Series A-1 Preferred Shares. (b) Series A-1 Preferred Shares. Upon the Holder exercising its Series A¬1 Conversion Right pursuant to Section (10)(a), the Corporation shall on or prior to the Series A-1 Conversion Date create the Series A-1 Preferred Shares and, upon such creation, the Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued Senior Preferred Shares, solely for designation as Series A-1 Senior Preferred Shares (each, a “Series A-1 Preferred Share” and collectively, the “Series A-1 Preferred Shares”) to be issued upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares, such number of Senior Preferred Shares as shall from time to time be equal to the number of Series A-1 Preferred Shares issuable upon the conversion of all the Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding. Any Series A-1 Preferred Shares issued upon conversion of Series A Preferred Shares shall be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. (c) Conversion to Series A-2. Each Holder shall have the right, at such Holder’s option on or prior to the thirtieth (30th) day immediately preceding the ninth (9th) anniversary of the Issuance Date, but not prior to the date that is sixty (60) days prior to such date, subject to the conversion procedures set forth in Section (10)(e) and the Corporation’s right to effect a Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption pursuant to Section (11)(b)(iii), to convert each of such Holder’s Series A Preferred Share and/or Series A-1 Preferred Share into a Series A-2 Preferred Share (as defined below) (the “Series A-2 Conversion Right”). The right of conversion may be exercised as to all or any portion of such Holder’s Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series A-1 Preferred Shares; provided that, in each case, no right of conversion may be exercised by a Holder in respect of less than one (1) Series A Preferred Share (as adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, reclassification or similar transaction relating to the Series A Preferred Shares occurring after the Subscription Date) and/or one (1) Series A¬1 Preferred Share (as adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, reclassification or similar transaction relating to the Series A-1 Preferred Shares occurring after the Subscription Date). On the ninth (9th) anniversary of the Issuance Date (the “Series A-2 Conversion Date” and together with the Series A-1 Conversion Date a “Dividend Increase Conversion Date”), if the Corporation has not delivered a Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice prior to such date, then the Corporation shall convert the amount of Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series A-1 Preferred Shares, as applicable, specified in the Dividend Increase Conversion Notice to Series A-2 Preferred Shares as of the Series A-2 Conversion Date. For the avoidance of doubt, (i) the Conversion Amount of the Series A-2 Preferred Shares to be issued upon such conversion shall equal the Conversion Amount of the Series A Preferred Shares and/or the Series A-1 Preferred Shares submitted for conversion upon exercise of the Series A-2 Conversion Right set forth herein, (ii) the Series A-2 Conversion Right entitles (x) a Holder to convert all or some of such Holder’s Series A Preferred Shares into Series A-2- Preferred Shares and (y) a holder of Series A-1 Preferred Shares to convert all or some of such Holder’s Series A-1 Preferred Shares into Series A-2- Preferred Shares and (iii) accrued and unpaid Dividends, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), in respect of Series A Preferred Shares or Series A-1 Preferred Shares, as the case may be, converted for Series A-2 Preferred Shares pursuant to this Section (10)(c) will be converted into accrued and unpaid Dividends (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), in respect of such Series A-2 Preferred Shares. (d) Series A-2 Preferred Shares. Upon the Holder exercising its Series A¬2 Conversion Right pursuant to Section (10)(c), the Corporation shall on or prior to the Series A-2 Conversion Date create the Series A-2 Preferred Shares and, upon such creation, the Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued Senior Preferred Shares, solely for designation as Series A-2 Senior Preferred Shares (each, a “Series A-2 Preferred Share” and collectively, the “Series A-2 Preferred Shares”), to be issued upon the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series A-1 Preferred Shares, such number of Series A-2 Preferred Shares as shall from time to time be equal to the number of Series A Preferred Shares and Series A-1 Preferred   128 2024 Proxy Statement   Shares issuable upon the conversion of all Series A Preferred Shares and Series A-1 Preferred Shares then outstanding. Any Series A-2 Preferred Shares issued upon conversion of Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series A-1 Preferred Shares, as applicable, shall be duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.   (e) Notice of Intended Conversion. To exercise its Series A-1 Conversion Right or its Series A-2 Conversion Right, a Holder shall, not less than thirty (30) days prior to the fourth (4th) or ninth (9th) anniversary of the Issuance Date, as applicable, but not prior to the date that is sixty (60) days prior to such date, (A) deliver a written notice executed by the registered Holder of the Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series A-1 Preferred Shares, as applicable, subject to such conversion (a “Dividend Increase Conversion Notice”) to the Corporation, which Dividend Increase Conversion Notice shall indicate the amount of Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series A-1 Preferred Shares, as applicable, such Holder is electing to convert pursuant to Sections (10)(a) or (c), as applicable; and (B) deliver to the Corporation funds for the payment of any applicable share transfer, documentary, stamp or similar taxes. (f) Series A-1 and B-2 Articles of Amendment. If a Holder validly delivers a Dividend Increase Conversion Notice and the Corporation does not exercise its right to redeem pursuant to Section (11)(b)(iii) with respect to all Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series A-1 Preferred Shares, as applicable, specified in the Holder’s Dividend Increase Conversion Notice, then the Corporation shall, prior to the Dividend Increase Conversion Date, file Articles of Amendment setting forth the designation, preferences and rights of the Series A-1 Preferred Shares or Series A-2 Preferred Shares, as applicable, which Articles of Amendment will be in the same form as these Articles of Continuance, except for changes (i) to account for the different series, different dates, including issuance dates, and changes in law, (ii) in the case of the Series A-1 Preferred Shares Articles of Amendment, to Sections (10) and (11) to, among other things, account for the right of Series A-1 Preferred Shares to convert into Series A-2 Preferred Shares, to reserve an adequate amount of Senior Preferred Shares to accommodate such conversion right and to provide a redemption right by the Corporation analogous to the rights in Section (11)(b)(iii) to provide for the Corporation’s right to redeem the Series A-1 Preferred Shares upon a Holder exercising its right to convert Series A-1 Preferred Shares into Series A-2 Preferred Shares and, in the case of the Series A-2 Preferred Shares Articles of Amendment, to eliminate this Section (10) conversion right for the Series A-2 Preferred Shares and the corresponding Corporation redemption right in Section (11)(b)(iii) and (iii) to the Preferential Dividend Rate, which with respect to the Series A-1 Preferred Shares shall replace “5.50%” with “7.50%”, and with respect to the Series A-2 Preferred Shares shall replace “5.50%” or “7.50%”, as the case may be, with the fixed percentage equal to the greater of (x) 600 bps over the Daily Simple SOFR as in effect on the first date a Holder validly delivers a Dividend Increase Conversion Notice in respect of its Series A-2 Conversion Right to the Corporation and (y) 10.50%. The Series A-1 Preferred Shares and Series A-2 Preferred Shares shall have the same preferences, rights and obligations as the Series A Preferred Shares, other than solely with respect to the Preferential Dividend Rate. For the avoidance of doubt, Dividends on the Series A-1 Preferred Shares and on the Series A-2 Preferred Shares shall start to accrue as of the applicable Dividend Increase Conversion Date. (11) Optional Redemptions. (a) General. Other than as specifically permitted by these Articles of Continuance, the Corporation may not redeem any of the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares (it being understood that the Corporation may purchase Series A Preferred Shares in the open market or in negotiated transactions). (b) Redemption at the Option of the Corporation. (i) Corporation Optional Redemption. At any time after February 1, 2032, so long as there is no Equity Conditions Failure on the applicable Corporation Optional Redemption Date (as defined below), the Corporation shall have the right to redeem all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding as designated in the applicable Corporation Optional Redemption Notice (as defined below) (the “Corporation Optional Redemption Shares”) on the applicable Corporation Optional Redemption Date (a “Corporation Optional Redemption”). Each Corporation Optional Redemption Share shall be redeemed by the Corporation on the applicable Corporation Optional Redemption Date in cash, without interest, at a price equal to 100% of the Conversion Amount of such Corporation Optional Redemption Share plus accrued and unpaid Dividends thereon, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)) (the “Corporation Optional Redemption Price”). The Corporation may exercise its right to redeem the Corporation Optional Redemption Shares under this Section (11)(b)(i) by delivering a written notice thereof to all, but not less than all, of the Holders (a “Corporation Optional Redemption Notice” and the date the Corporation delivers such notice to all Holders is referred to as a “Corporation Optional Redemption Notice Date”). Each Corporation Optional Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable. Each Corporation Optional Redemption Notice shall (A) state the date on which the applicable Corporation Optional Redemption shall occur (a “Corporation Optional Redemption Date”), which date shall be the forty fifth (45th) day (or, if such date falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the next day that is a Business Day) following the applicable Corporation Optional Redemption Notice Date, (B) state the number of the Series A Preferred Shares which the Corporation has elected to redeem from the Holders on the applicable Corporation Optional Redemption Date and (C) confirm that there is no Equity Conditions Failure on the applicable Corporation Optional Redemption Notice Date. (ii) Corporation Merger Termination Redemption. If the Merger Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms and all confidential information that constitutes material, nonpublic information communicated by the Corporation, any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective Affiliates, employees, officers, representatives or agents to the Buyers (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) or any of their Affiliates has been publicly disclosed, then during the ninety (90) days following the later of (x) August 7, 2023 and (y) the termination of the Merger Agreement, so long as there is no Equity Conditions Failure on the applicable Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice Date (as defined below), the Corporation shall have the right to redeem between fifty percent (50%) and one hundred percent (100%) of the Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding as designated in the applicable Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice (as defined below) (the “Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Shares”) on the applicable Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Date (a “Corporation Merger Termination Redemption”). Each Corporation Merger Termination    129 2024 Proxy Statement Redemption Share shall be redeemed by the Corporation on the Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Date in cash, without interest, at a price equal to 102% of the sum of (x) the Conversion Amount of such Corporation Merger Termination Share and (y) accrued and unpaid Dividends thereon, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)) (the “Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Price”). The Corporation may exercise its right to redeem the Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Shares by delivering a written notice thereof to all, but not less than all, of the Holders (a “Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice” and the date the Corporation delivers such notice to all Holders is referred to as a “Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice Date”). Each Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable. Each Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice shall (A)  state the date on which the applicable Corporation Merger Termination Redemption shall occur (a “Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Date”), which date shall be the tenth (10th) day (or, if such date falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the next day that is a Business Day) following the applicable Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice Date, (B)  state the number of the Series A Preferred Shares which the Corporation has elected to redeem from the Holders on the Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Date, and (C) confirm that there is no Equity Conditions Failure on the applicable Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice Date. (iii) Corporation Redemption Upon Dividend Increase. If one or more Holders delivered a Dividend Increase Conversion Notice to the Corporation in compliance with Section (10), so long as there is no Equity Conditions Failure on the applicable Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Date (as defined below), the Corporation shall have the right to redeem all or any portion of the Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series A-1 Preferred Shares, as applicable, for which an increase in the Preferential Dividend Rate has been demanded, as designated in the applicable Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice (as defined below) (such shares the “Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Shares”) on the applicable Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Date (a “Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption”). The Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Shares shall be redeemed by the Corporation on the applicable Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Date in cash, without interest, at a price equal to 100% of the Conversion Amount of the Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Shares to be redeemed plus accrued and unpaid Dividends thereon, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)) (a “Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Price”). The Corporation may exercise its right to require redemption under this Section (11)(b)(iii) by delivering a written notice thereof by no later than the forty fifth (45th) day immediately following the fourth (4th) anniversary of the Issuance Date or the ninth (9th) anniversary of the Issuance Date, as applicable (or, if such date falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the next day that is a Business Day), to all, but not less than all, of the Holders who delivered a Dividend Increase Conversion Notice to the Corporation in compliance with this Section (11)(b)(iii) (a “Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice”, and the date such notice is given to all of the Holders is referred to as a “Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice Date”). Each Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice shall be irrevocable. Each Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice shall (A) state the date on which the applicable Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption shall occur (a “Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Date”), which date shall be the forty fifth (45th) day (or, (x) if such date falls on a day that is not a Business Day, the next day that is a Business Day or (y) if there is an Equity Conditions Failure on such day, the first Business Day thereafter upon which there is no Equity Conditions Failure; provided that such Business Day occurs no later than the forty fifth (45th) day thereafter (the “Extended Dividend Increase Redemption Date”); provided, further, that in the event of clause (y) such Holder may elect to revoke its election to convert its Series A Preferred Shares into Series A-1 Preferred Shares or Series A¬2 Preferred Shares, as applicable, and consequently revoke the Corporation’s right to effect a related Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption) following the applicable Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice Date, (B) state the aggregate Conversion Amount of the Series A Preferred Shares and/or Series A-1 Preferred Shares, as applicable, which the Corporation has elected to redeem from the Holders on the applicable Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Date, (C) state the amount of accrued and unpaid Dividends, if any (and any accrued and unpaid dividends accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)), with respect to such Series A Preferred Shares redeemed by the Corporation pursuant to this Section (11)(b)(iii) and (D) confirm that there is no Equity Conditions Failure as of the applicable Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice Date. (iv) Corporation Redemptions. If the Corporation confirmed that there was no Equity Conditions Failure as of the applicable Corporation Redemption Notice Date but an Equity Conditions Failure occurs between the applicable Corporation Redemption Notice Date and the applicable Corporation Redemption Date (a “Corporation Redemption Interim Period”) that the Corporation expects will last through the applicable Corporation Redemption Date, the Corporation shall provide the Holders a subsequent written notice to that effect. If there is an Equity Conditions Failure on the applicable Corporation Redemption Date (and, with respect to Section (11)(b)(iii), the Extended Dividend Redemption Date), then the applicable Corporation Redemption shall be null and void with respect to all or any part designated by such Holder of the applicable unconverted Corporation Redemption Shares and such Holder shall be entitled to all the rights of a Holder with respect to such applicable Corporation Redemption Shares; provided, however, that if a Holder waives in writing an Equity Conditions Failure during the applicable Corporation Redemption Interim Period, then the Corporation shall be required to proceed with the applicable Corporation Redemption Date with respect to such Holder. If the Corporation elects to cause a Corporation Redemption pursuant to this Section (11), then it must simultaneously take the same action in the same proportion with respect to all Corporation Redemption Shares subject to the applicable Corporation Redemption to the extent practicable, or, if the pro rata basis is not practicable for any reason, by lot or such other equitable method as the Corporation determined in good faith. If the applicable Corporation Redemption Notice shall have been duly given, the Corporation shall irrevocably deposit or set aside the aggregate Corporation Redemption Price to be paid to all Holders of the Corporation Redemption Shares entitled thereto and, from and after the applicable Corporation Redemption Date, the applicable Corporation Redemption Price shall promptly be paid to all former Holders of Corporation Redemption Shares entitled thereto in respect thereof. So long as the applicable aggregate Corporation Redemption Price shall be paid in full to such Holders or   130 2024 Proxy Statement is irrevocably deposited or set aside with a depository for payment to the Holders, the applicable Corporation Redemption shall be effective with respect to all Corporation Redemption Shares on the applicable Corporation Redemption Date, and thereupon Dividends with respect to such Corporation Redemption Shares shall cease to accrue and all rights with respect to such Corporation Redemption Shares shall forthwith terminate. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in these Articles of Continuance, until the applicable Corporation Redemption Price is paid in full, the Series A Preferred Shares subject to the applicable Corporation Redemption may be converted, in whole or in part, by such Holder into Common Shares pursuant to Section (6). All Series A Preferred Shares converted by a Holder after a Corporation Redemption Notice Date shall reduce the number of Series A Preferred Shares required to be redeemed on the applicable Corporation Redemption Date, unless such Holder otherwise indicates in the applicable Conversion Notice. (c) Void Redemption. In the event that the Corporation does not pay a Corporation Redemption Price within the applicable time period, at any time thereafter and until the Corporation pays such unpaid applicable Corporation Redemption Price in full, a Holder shall have the option to, in lieu of redemption, require the Corporation to promptly return to such Holder any or all of the Series A Preferred Shares that were submitted for redemption by such Holder and for which the applicable Corporation Redemption Price has not been paid, by sending written notice thereof to the Corporation (the “Void Optional Redemption Notice”). Upon the Corporation’s receipt of such Void Optional Redemption Notice prior to the payment of the applicable Corporation Redemption Price, (i) any applicable redemption notice of such Holder or the Corporation, as the case may be, shall be null and void with respect to those Series A Preferred Shares subject to the Void Optional Redemption Notice and (ii) the Corporation shall immediately return any Series A Preferred Shares subject to the Void Optional Redemption Notice. (d) Effect of Redemption. Subject to Section (11)(c), effective immediately prior to the close of business on the day before any Series A Preferred Shares are redeemed pursuant to these Articles of Continuance, Dividends shall no longer accrue or be declared on any such Series A Preferred Shares, and such Series A Preferred Shares shall cease to be outstanding. (e) Status of Redeemed Shares. Series A Preferred Shares redeemed in accordance with these Articles of Continuance shall return to the status of and constitute authorized but unissued Senior Preferred Shares, without classification as to series until such shares are once more classified as to a particular series by the Board pursuant to provisions of the Articles. (12) Reservation of Shares. The Corporation shall have sufficient authorized and unissued Common Shares for each of the Series A Preferred Shares equal to no less than the lesser of (x) the Exchange Cap and (y) 110% of the maximum number of Common Shares issuable with respect to the outstanding Series A Preferred Shares pursuant to the terms of these Articles of Continuance (assuming for purposes of this clause (y), that the Conversion Amount of the Series A Preferred Shares are convertible at the Conversion Rate and without taking into account any limitations on the conversion of the Series A Preferred Shares set forth in these Articles of Continuance) (the “Required Reserved Amount”). The Corporation shall, so long as any of the Series A Preferred Shares are outstanding, take all action necessary to reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued Common Shares, solely for the purpose of issuing Common Shares with respect of the Series A Preferred Shares pursuant to the terms of these Articles of Continuance, no less than a number of Common Shares equal to the Required Reserved Amount. (13) Voting Rights. Other than in connection with Parent Shareholders Meeting (as defined in the Merger Agreement), each Holder shall be entitled to the whole number of votes equal to the number of whole Common Shares into which the aggregate of such Holder’s Series A Preferred Shares would be convertible on the record date for the vote or consent of shareholders or if no record date is established, at the date such vote or consent is taken, and shall otherwise have voting rights and consent rights equal to the voting rights and consent rights of the Common Shares to the fullest extent permitted by law provided, however, that until the HSR Date, with respect to any HSR Holder, such HSR Holder shall only be entitled to vote a number of Series A Preferred Shares in accordance with the foregoing on any matters relating to the election, designation, removal or replacement of members of the Board to the extent that such number of Series A Preferred Shares together with such HSR Holder’s Common Shares, if any, other Junior Shares, if any, Pari Passu Shares, if any, and Senior Preferred Shares of the Corporation, if any, does not exceed the HSR Amount in the aggregate; provided, further, that the Required Holders, by written notice to the Corporation, may terminate the voting rights set forth in this Section (13) effective at any time from and after the registration, if any, of the Series A Preferred Shares under the Exchange Act. Except as provided in the immediately preceding sentence, each Holder shall be entitled to receive the same prior notice of any shareholders’ meeting as is provided to the holders of Common Shares in accordance with the by-laws of the Corporation, as well as prior notice of all shareholder actions to be taken by legally available means in lieu of a meeting, and shall vote as a class with the holders of Common Shares as if they were a single class of securities upon any matter submitted to a vote of shareholders, except those matters required by law or by the terms hereof to be submitted to a class vote of the Holders, in which case the Holders only shall vote as a separate class, or those matters required by law to be submitted to a class vote of solely the holders of Common Shares, in which case such holders only shall vote as a separate class. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) no Holder shall be entitled, in its capacity as Holder of the Series A Preferred Shares, to vote on the Parent Share Issuance (as defined in the Merger Agreement) and (ii) in no event shall a Holder be entitled to such number of votes that is greater than the number of whole Series A Preferred Shares held by such Holder at the relevant time. (14) Series A Preferred Shares Approval Rights. In addition to any other rights provided by law, except where the vote or written consent of the holders of a greater number of shares is required by law, for as long as any Series A Preferred Shares remain outstanding, the affirmative vote at a meeting duly called for such purpose or the written consent without a meeting of the Required Holders but not of any other class of the Corporation’s securities, voting as a single class (and separately from all other classes and series of shares in the capital of the Corporation), shall be required before the Corporation may: (a) create (by reclassification or otherwise), or authorize the creation of, or issue or obligate itself to issue additional or other Senior Shares or securities exchangeable for or convertible or exercisable into Senior Shares; (b) create (by reclassification or otherwise), or authorize the creation of, or issue or obligate itself to issue additional or other Pari Passu Shares or securities exchangeable for or convertible or exercisable into Pari Passu Shares;   131 2024 Proxy Statement (c) except as contemplated by Section (10), amend or repeal any provision of, or add any provision to, the Articles, or file any articles of amendment, preferences, limitations and relative rights of any series of preferred shares, if such action would adversely alter or change the preferences, rights, privileges or powers of, or restrictions of the Series A Preferred Shares, regardless of whether any such action shall be by means of amendment to the Articles or by merger, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement or otherwise; (d) increase or decrease (other than by conversion or redemption in accordance with the terms hereof) the authorized number of Series A Preferred Shares; (e) exchange, reclassify or cancel the Series A Preferred Shares, except as explicitly contemplated by these Articles of Continuance; or (f) amend or waive any provision of these Articles of Continuance that would have an adverse effect on the rights, preferences, privileges, voting power or obligation of the Series A Preferred Shares or any Holder thereof. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section (14), (a) in the event of a Fundamental Transaction or Corporate Event, so long as: (i) the Series A Preferred Shares remain outstanding following consummation of such Fundamental Transaction or Corporate Event with its terms materially unchanged, taking into account that, upon the occurrence of such a Fundamental Transaction or Corporate Event, the Corporation may not be the surviving entity (in which case, the Series A Preferred Shares may be converted into or exchanged for preferred shares or other preferred equity of the surviving entity or its parent having terms substantially the same as the Series A Preferred Shares) and, if applicable, with any changes to the terms of the Series A Preferred Shares required pursuant to and made in compliance with the provisions of Section (9)(c) in connection with such Fundamental Transaction or Corporate Event or as otherwise deemed reasonably necessary by the Corporation and (ii) if such transaction also constitutes a Change of Control, the provisions of Section (9)(a) and Section (9)(b) are complied with in connection with such Fundamental Transaction, then the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction shall not be deemed to adversely affect the powers, preferences, or other special rights or privileges of the Series A Preferred Shares or its Holders and in such case such Holders shall not have any voting rights with respect to the occurrence of such Fundamental Transaction or Corporate Event pursuant to this Section (14) and (b) the authorization or creation of, or the increase in the number of authorized or issued shares of, or any securities convertible into shares of, or the reclassification of any security (in each case, other than the Series A Preferred Shares) into, or the issuance of, Junior Shares will not require the vote the holders of the Series A Preferred Shares. (15) General Provisions. (a) In addition to the above provisions with respect to Series A Preferred Shares, the Series A Preferred Shares shall be subject to and be entitled to the benefit of the provisions set forth in the Articles with respect to preferred shares of the Corporation generally; provided, however, that in the event of any conflict between such provisions, the provisions set forth in these Articles of Continuance shall control. (b) Any Series A Preferred Shares which are converted, repurchased or redeemed shall be automatically and immediately retired and shall not be reissued, sold or transferred. (c) Whenever notice is required to be given under these Articles of Continuance, unless otherwise provided herein, such notice shall be given by first-class mail to each record Holder of outstanding Series A Preferred Shares as such Holder’s address as the same appears on the books of the Corporation or the Transfer Agent. With respect to any notice to a Holder required to be provided hereunder, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect therein or in the mailing thereof, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of the notice or the validity of the proceedings referred to in such notice with respect to the other Holders or affect the legality or validity of any distribution, rights, warrant, reclassification, consolidation, merger, amalgamation, arrangement, conveyance, transfer, dissolution, liquidation or winding up, or the vote upon any such action. Any notice which was mailed in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given or delivered as of the date sent whether or not the Holder receives the notice. All notice periods referred to herein shall commence on the date of the mailing of the applicable notice. (d) Whenever any amount expressed to be due by the terms of these Articles of Continuance is due on any day which is not a Business Day, the same shall instead be due on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day without interest or penalty. (e) If any term of the Series A Preferred Shares set forth herein is invalid, unlawful or incapable of being enforced by reason of any rule of law or public policy, all other terms set forth herein which can be given effect without the invalid, unlawful or unenforceable term will, nevertheless, remain in full force and effect, and no term herein set forth will be deemed dependent upon any other such term unless so expressed herein so long as these Articles of Continuance as so modified continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the parties. The Corporation and the Required Holders will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s) with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s). (f) It is the intent of the Corporation and the Required Holders that the provisions of these Articles of Continuance comply, and following the date hereof continue to comply, with the applicable rules of The New York Stock Exchange and The Toronto Stock Exchange, as the same may be amended from time to time, for as long as long as the Corporation’s Common Shares are listed and posted for trading on The New York Stock Exchange and/or The Toronto Stock Exchange, as the case may be (the “Applicable Stock Exchange Rules”). It is also the intent of the Corporation and the Required Holders that if the Corporation no longer has a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Exchange Act or is no longer required to file reports under Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act, all Exchange Act, Securities Act and other United States references herein shall be deemed to be to the Canadian equivalent, including under applicable Canadian securities laws. In furtherance of the foregoing, if any term, covenant or restriction included in these Articles of Continuance fails at any time to comply with the Applicable Stock Exchange Rules, or it is reasonably   132 2024 Proxy Statement necessary and advisable to update the United States references to applicable Canadian references, the Corporation and the Required Holders agree to negotiate in good faith to modify these Articles of Continuance so as to comply with the Applicable Stock Exchange Rules or to update with the applicable Canadian references while retaining the original intent as closely as possible in an acceptable manner so that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible. Any amendment, modification or alteration of the rights, preferences, privileges or voting powers of the Series A Preferred Shares shall, solely to the extent required by the Applicable Stock Exchange Rules, be subject to the approval of The New York Stock Exchange and/or The Toronto Stock Exchange, as the case may be for as long as the Common Shares are listed for trading thereon. (g) Tax Matters. (i) Tax Withholdings. The Corporation shall be entitled to withhold or deduct, from any amounts payable or otherwise deliverable under these Articles of Continuance, such amounts as the Corporation determines, acting reasonably, are required to be deducted or withheld with respect to such payment or delivery under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, the Income Tax Act (Canada) or any provision of any other applicable laws. To the extent that such amounts are so deducted or withheld, such amounts shall be treated for all purposes as having been paid to the Holder to whom such amounts would otherwise have been paid, provided that such deducted or withheld amounts are remitted to the appropriate governmental authority. The Corporation is hereby authorized to sell or otherwise dispose of, on behalf of any Holder, such portion of any share or other security deliverable to such Holder as is necessary to provide sufficient funds to the Corporation to enable it to comply with such deduction or withholding requirement and the Corporation shall notify such Holder thereof and remit the applicable portion of the net proceeds of such sale to the appropriate governmental authority and, if applicable, any portion of such net proceeds that is not required to be so remitted shall be paid to such Holder. The Holders shall, on a joint and several basis, indemnify and hold harmless the Corporation for any losses, costs, penalties, fees, liabilities, damages and expenses incurred by the Corporation in respect of a failure to withhold, deduct, or remit any amount required to be withheld, deducted, or remitted in respect of any amounts payable pursuant to these Articles of Continuance. (ii) Forms. If a Holder is entitled to claim an exemption or reduction from withholding tax in accordance with applicable law, such Holder shall promptly deliver such properly completed and executed documentation (including properly completed Canada Revenue Agency forms NR301, NR 302 or NR 303, as applicable) reasonably requested by the Corporation as will permit such payments to be made without withholding or at a reduced rate of withholding. The Corporation shall, acting reasonably, take into account all such properly completed forms in determining its withholding obligations under Section (15)(g)(i). In addition, any Holder shall deliver such other tax documentation prescribed by applicable law (including any Internal Revenue Service form W-9 or form W-8, as applicable, or any forms or other documentation as may be necessary for the Corporation to comply with its obligations under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act or otherwise reasonably requested by the Corporation). Each Holder shall provide new documentation (or successor documentation) upon the expiration or obsolescence of any previously delivered documentation and promptly notify the Corporation of any change in circumstances which would modify or render invalid any claimed exemption or reduction. (iii) Specified Amount. The specified amount in respect of the Series A Preferred Shares for purposes of subsection 191(4) of the Income Tax Act (Canada) is the Canadian Dollar equivalent of US$1.00 per Series A Preferred Share as of the date of issuance of such share. (16) Transfer of Series A Preferred Shares. A Holder may transfer some or all of the Series A Preferred Shares and the accompanying rights hereunder held by such Holder without the consent of the Corporation; provided that such transfer is in compliance with applicable securities laws and the Securities Purchase Agreement. (17) Series A Preferred Share Register. (a) The Corporation or the Transfer Agent shall maintain a register for the Series A Preferred Shares, in which the Corporation or the Transfer Agent shall record the name and address of the Persons in whose name the Series A Preferred Shares have been issued, as well as the name and address of each transferee. The Corporation may treat the Person in whose name any Series A Preferred Share is registered on the register as the owner and holder thereof for all purposes, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, but in all events recognizing any properly made transfers. (b) The Corporation or the Transfer Agent shall maintain records showing the number of Series A Preferred Shares converted and/or redeemed and the dates of such conversions and/or redemptions. In the event of any dispute or discrepancy, such records of the Corporation establishing the number of Series A Preferred Shares to which the record holder is entitled shall be controlling and determinative in the absence of manifest error. (18) Certain Defined Terms. For purposes of these Articles of Continuance the following terms shall have the following meanings: (a) “Affiliate” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. (b) “Bloomberg” means Bloomberg Financial Markets. (c) “Business Day” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York or Toronto, Ontario, Canada are authorized or required by law to remain closed; provided, however, for clarification, commercial banks shall not be deemed to be authorized or required by law to remain closed due to “stay at home”, “shelter-in-place”, “non-essential employee” or any other similar orders or restrictions or the closure of any physical branch locations at the direction of any governmental authority so long as the electronic funds transfer systems (including for wire transfers) of commercial banks in The City of New York, New York or Toronto, Ontario, Canada generally are open for use by customers on such day.   133 2024 Proxy Statement (d) “Calendar Quarter” means each of: the period beginning on and including December 15 and ending on and including March 14; the period beginning on and including March 15 and ending on and including June 14; the period beginning on and including June 15 and ending on and including September 14; and the period beginning on and including September 15 and ending on and including December 14. (e) “Change of Control” means any Fundamental Transaction other than (i) any reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification or change of the Common Shares or any share exchange, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, merger or similar transaction, in each case, in which holders of the Corporation’s voting power immediately prior to such reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, change, share exchange, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, merger or similar transaction continue immediately after the consummation of such reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, change, share exchange, consolidation, amalgamation, arrangement, merger or similar transaction to hold publicly traded securities and, directly or indirectly, the voting power of the surviving entity or entities necessary to elect a majority of the members of the board of directors (or their equivalent if other than a corporation) of such entity or entities, or (ii) pursuant to a continuance or migratory merger, amalgamation or arrangement effected solely for the purpose of changing the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Corporation. (f) “Change of Control As-Converted Value” means, with respect to any Series A Preferred Shares, the product of (i) the Conversion Amount of such Series A Preferred Shares multiplied by (ii) the Conversion Rate multiplied by (iii) the Make-Whole Share Price with respect to the applicable Change of Control. (g) “close of business” means 5:00 p.m. (New York City time). (h) “Closing Sale Price” of the Common Shares (or other security for which a closing sale price must be determined) on any date means the closing sale price per share (or if no closing sale price is reported, the average of the bid and ask prices or, if more than one in either case, the average of the average bid and the average ask prices) on that date as reported in composite transactions for the principal U.S. national or regional securities exchange on which the Common Shares (or such other security) is traded. If the Common Shares (or such other security) is not listed for trading on a U.S. national or regional securities exchange on the relevant date, the “Closing Sale Price” shall be the last quoted bid price for the Common Shares (or such other security) in the over-the-counter market on the relevant date as reported by OTC Markets Group Inc. or a similar organization. If the Common Shares (or such other security) are not so quoted, the “Closing Sale Price” shall be the average of the mid-point of the last bid and ask prices for the Common Shares (or such other security) on the relevant date from each of at least three nationally recognized independent investment banking firms selected by the Corporation for this purpose. The “Closing Sale Price” will be determined without regard to after-hours trading or any other trading outside of the regular trading session hour. (i) “Common Shares” means (i) the Corporation’s shares of common shares, without par value, or (ii) any share capital into which such Common Shares shall have been converted or exchanged in a Corporate Event. (j) “Conversion Amount” means, for each Series A Preferred Share, the Issue Price. (k) “Conversion Date” means with respect to a conversion pursuant to Section (6)(a), the date on which the Holder complied with the procedures in Section (6)(c)(i) thereof. (l) “Conversion Price” means at any time, US$1.00, divided by the Conversion Rate at such time. (m) “Conversion Rate” means 0.0136986 Common Shares per US$1.00 Conversion Amount, subject to adjustment as set forth herein. (n) “Corporation Redemption” means, collectively, a Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption, a Corporation Optional Redemption and a Corporation Merger Termination Redemption. (o) “Corporation Redemption Date” means a Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Date, a Corporation Optional Redemption Date and a Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Date, as applicable. (p) “Corporation Redemption Notice” means a Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice, a Corporation Optional Redemption Notice and a Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice, as applicable. (q) “Corporation Redemption Notice Date” means a Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Notice Date, a Corporation Optional Redemption Notice Date and a Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Notice Date, as applicable. (r) “Corporation Redemption Price” means a Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Price, a Corporation Optional Redemption Price and a Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Price, as applicable. (s) “Corporation Redemption Shares” means, collectively, the Corporation Dividend Increase Redemption Shares, the Corporation Optional Redemption Shares and the Corporation Merger Termination Redemption Shares. (t) “Current Market Price” per Common Share, as of any date of determination, means the arithmetic average of the Weighted Average Price per Common Share for each of the ten (10) consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding such day, adjusted to take into account the occurrence during such period of any event described in Section (7). (u) “Daily Simple SOFR” means the daily Secured Overnight Financing Rate provided by the FRBNY, as the administrator of the benchmark (or a successor administrator), on the FRBNY’s Website, effective as of the applicable date of determination. (v) “Designee” means Starboard Value and Opportunity Master Fund Ltd. (w) “Distribution Transaction” means any transaction by which a Subsidiary of the Corporation ceases to be a Subsidiary of the Corporation by reason of the distribution of such Subsidiary’s equity securities to holders of Common Shares, whether by means of a spin-off, split-off, redemption, reclassification, exchange, share dividend, share distribution, rights offering or similar transaction, which equity securities are, or when issued, will be, listed or admitted for trading on a U.S. national securities exchange.   134 2024 Proxy Statement (x) “effective date” means, for purpose of Section (7)(a), the first date on which Common Shares trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, reflecting the relevant subdivision, combination or reclassification, as applicable (provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, any alternative trading convention on the applicable exchange or market in respect of the Common Shares under a separate ticker symbol or CUSIP number will not be considered “regular way” for purposes of this definition). (y) “Eligible Market” means the New York Stock Exchange, The Nasdaq Capital Market, The Nasdaq Global Market or The Nasdaq Global Select Market (or any of their respective successors). (z) “Equity Conditions” means each of the following conditions: (i) all Common Shares issuable pursuant to the terms of these Articles of Continuance as the result of a Mandatory Conversion Date, a Preferential Dividend Date or in respect of a conversion of Series A Preferred Shares that are subject to a Corporation Redemption, as the case may be, shall be either (x) issuable without restrictive legends and eligible for sale by such Holder without volume restrictions pursuant to Rule 144 (or any successor thereto) and without the requirement to be in compliance with Rule 144(c)(1) (or any successor thereto) and without the need for registration under any applicable federal or state securities laws or the need for a prospectus under applicable Canadian securities laws or (y) eligible for resale upon issuance pursuant to an effective Registration Statement contemplated by the Registration Rights Agreement that is available for use (and expected by the Corporation to be available for use for at least 30 consecutive calendar days after the applicable date of determination) to the extent provided in the Registration Rights Agreement and, for the avoidance of doubt, not subject to (or expected by the Corporation to be subject to for at least 30 consecutive calendar days after the applicable date of determination) an “Allowable Grace Period” (as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement); (ii) the Common Shares referred to in clause (i) requiring the satisfaction of the Equity Conditions when issued shall be, listed or designated for quotation on an Eligible Market and shall not have been suspended at such time from trading on such exchange or market; (iii) the Common Shares referred to in clause (i) requiring the satisfaction of the Equity Conditions, when issued, shall be duly authorized and (iv) if such Holder converted, in accordance with Section (6) (c), Series A Preferred Shares after the delivery by Corporation of a Mandatory Conversion Notice or a Corporation Redemption Notice, the Corporation shall have delivered to such Holder, subject to Section (6)(e), all Common Shares required to be delivered in respect of such conversions pursuant to Section (6)(c). (aa) “Equity Conditions Failure” means that as of the applicable date of determination the Equity Conditions have not each been satisfied (or waived in writing by such Holder); provided that the Corporation’s failure to satisfy the Equity Condition set forth in clause (iv) of the definition of “Equity Conditions” with respect to a particular Holder shall only be deemed an Equity Condition Failure with respect to such Holder (unless waived in writing by such Holder). (bb) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. (cc) “Ex-Dividend Date” means, with respect to an issuance, dividend or distribution on the Common Shares, the first date on which Common Shares trade on the applicable exchange or in the applicable market, regular way, without the right to receive such issuance, dividend or distribution (including pursuant to due bills or similar arrangements required by the relevant share exchange). For the avoidance of doubt, any alternative trading convention on the applicable exchange or market in respect of the Common Shares under a separate ticker symbol or CUSIP number will not be considered “regular way” for this purpose. (dd) “Fair Market Value” means, with (1) respect to any security or other property, the fair market value of such security or other property as reasonably determined in good faith by a majority of the Board, or an authorized committee thereof, subject to any required stock exchange approval and (i) after consultation with an Independent Financial Advisor, as to any security or other property with a Fair Market Value of less than US$50,000,000, or (ii) otherwise using an Independent Financial Advisor to provide a valuation opinion (2) with respect to U.S. dollars, the face amount of such U.S. dollars. (ee) “First Mandatory Conversion Period” means the period described in clause (i) of the definition of “Mandatory Conversion Period” set forth in Section (18)(uu). (ff) “FRBNY” means the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. (gg) “FRBNY’s Website” means the website of the FRBNY at http://www.newyorkfed.org, or any successor source. (hh) “Fundamental Transaction” means (i) that the Corporation shall, (a) directly or indirectly, including through Subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, consolidate, amalgamate or merge with or into (whether or not the Corporation is the surviving corporation) another Person, or (b) directly or indirectly, including through Subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation and its Subsidiaries on a consolidated basis to one or more Persons other than one or more of the Corporation’s Wholly-Owned Subsidiaries, or (c) directly or indirectly, including through Subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, make, or allow a Person or Group to make, or allow the Corporation to be subject to or have its Common Shares be subject to or party to any such Person or Group making, a purchase, tender or exchange offer that is accepted by the holders of such number of Common Shares such that such Person or Group making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer, becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of at least 50% of the aggregate voting power of the outstanding Common Shares or at least 50% of the aggregate voting power of the Corporation, or (d) directly or indirectly, including through Subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, consummate a share purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with a Person or Group (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) whereby such Person or Group acquires such number of Common Shares such that such Person or Group becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of at least 50% of the aggregate voting power of the outstanding Common Shares or at least 50% of the aggregate voting power of the Corporation, or (e) directly or indirectly, including through Subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, reorganize,    135 2024 Proxy Statement recapitalize or reclassify the Common Shares as a result of which the Common Shares are converted into, or exchanged for, securities, cash, assets or other property or (ii) that the Corporation shall, directly or indirectly, including through Subsidiaries, Affiliates or otherwise, in one or more related transactions, allow any Person or Group (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) to become the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act) of at least 50% of the aggregate voting power of the outstanding Common Shares or at least 50% of the aggregate voting power of the Corporation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the foregoing, the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement shall not constitute a Fundamental Transaction. (ii) “Group” means a “group” as that term is used in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act and as defined in Rule 13d-5 thereunder. (jj) “HSR Act” means the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and any successor to such statute, rules or regulations. (kk) “HSR Amount” means the number of voting securities of the Corporation that may be obtained by an Acquiring Person (as defined by the HSR Act, including the ultimate parent entity and all entities included within it, and taking into account any applicable exemptions) prior to the HSR Date, without incurring a notification obligation under the HSR Act, with the number and class(es) of voting securities constituting the HSR Amount to be determined by the HSR Holder in consultation with its legal counsel. (ll) “HSR Date” means the date on which all applicable approvals, clearances or waiting periods under the HSR Act shall have been obtained, expired or been terminated. (mm) “HSR Holder” means a Holder that is an Acquiring Person (as defined under the HSR Act) whose ability to acquire voting securities of the Corporation in excess of the HSR Amount is restricted by the HSR Act prior to the HSR Date.   (nn) “Independent Financial Advisor” means an accounting, appraisal, investment banking firm or consultant of nationally recognized standing; provided, however, that such firm or consultant is not an Affiliate of the Corporation. (oo) “Issuance Date” means the Closing Date (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement). (pp) “Issue Price” means, per Series A Preferred Share, US$1.00. (qq) “Liquidation Event” means the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation or such Subsidiaries the assets of which constitute all or substantially all of the assets of the business of the Corporation and its Subsidiaries taken as a whole, in a single transaction or series of transactions, or adoption of any plan for the same. (rr) “Make-Whole Amount” means a cash amount per US$1.00 Conversion Amount of Series A Preferred Shares being redeemed in a Change of Control Redemption determined by multiplying the Make-Whole Share Price applicable to the related Change of Control by a number of additional Common Shares (the “Additional Shares”) as described below. Such number of Additional Shares shall be determined by reference to the table below (the “Make-Whole Table”) based on the date on which the applicable Change of Control occurs or becomes effective (the “Change of Control Effective Date”) and the Make-Whole Share Price applicable to such Change of Control. Change of Control Effective Date US$59.722  US$65  US$70  US$75  US$80  US$85  US$90  US$100  US$125  US$175  US$250  US$350  US$450  US$550  February 1, 2023 0.0025100 0.0029600 0.0030456 0.0030456 0.0028600 0.0023300 0.0020400 0.0014000 0.0010400 0.0006400 0.0003900 0.0002400 0.0001700 0.0001200 February 1, 2024 0.0026441 0.0030456 0.0030456 0.0030456 0.0029200 0.0023700 0.0020600 0.0014400 0.0008600 0.0004900 0.0002900 0.0001900 0.0001300 0.0000900 February 1, 2025 0.0026804 0.0030456 0.0030456 0.0030456 0.0029100 0.0023700 0.0020600 0.0014100 0.0006300 0.0002900 0.0001600 0.0001000 0.0000700 0.0000500 February 1, 2026 0.0024719 0.0029200 0.0030456 0.0030456 0.0028100 0.0023000 0.0019900 0.0013200 0.0003600 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 February 1, 2027 0.0022427 0.0027200 0.0030456 0.0030456 0.0026500 0.0021100 0.0018600 0.0012300 0.0003500 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 February 1, 2028 0.0020285 0.0025300 0.0029600 0.0029900 0.0025400 0.0020200 0.0017900 0.0011900 0.0003300 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 February 1, 2029 0.0017580 0.0022800 0.0027000 0.0027400 0.0023100 0.0018200 0.0015900 0.0010700 0.0003100 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 February 1, 2030 0.0013647 0.0018700 0.0023200 0.0023800 0.0019600 0.0015000 0.0013100 0.0008600 0.0002600 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 February 1, 2031 0.0006762 0.0011500 0.0016200 0.0017100 0.0013500 0.0010100 0.0008300 0.0005300 0.0001800 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 February 1, 2032 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 The exact Make-Whole Share Price and Change of Control Effective Date” means may not be set forth in the Make-Whole Table, in which case: (1) if the Make-Whole Share Price is between two such amounts in the Make-Whole Table or the Change of Control Effective Date is between two Change of Control Effective Dates in the Make-Whole Table, the number of Additional Shares will be determined by straight-line interpolation between the number of Additional Shares set forth for the higher and lower Make-Whole Share Prices and the earlier and later Change of Control Effective Dates, as applicable, based on a 365-day year; (2) if the Make-Whole Share Price is greater than $550 (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Make-Whole Share Prices set forth in the column headings of the Make-Whole Table), the Make-Whole Amount will be $0; and (3) if the Make-Whole Share Price is less than $59.722 (subject to adjustment in the same manner as the Make-Whole Share Prices set forth in the column headings of the Make-Whole Table), the Make-Whole Amount will be $0. The Make-Whole Share Prices set forth in the column headings of the Make-Whole Table shall be adjusted as of any date on which the Plan becomes effectiveConversion Rate is otherwise adjusted in accordance with Section (7). The adjusted Make-Whole Share Prices shall equal the Make-Whole Share Prices applicable immediately prior to such adjustment, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of    136 2024 Proxy Statement which is the Conversion Rate immediately prior to such adjustment giving rise to the Make-Whole Share Price adjustment and the denominator of which is the Conversion Rate as so adjusted. The number of Additional Shares set forth in the Make-Whole Table shall be adjusted in the same manner and at the same time as the Conversion Rate as set forth in Section 19.(7). “Exchange” In no event shall the Make-Whole Amount be greater than or less than the maximum and minimum values set forth in the table above and no Make-Whole Amount shall be paid with respect to a Change of Control occurring on or after February 2, 2032. (ss) “Make-Whole Share Price”means (i) the cash amount paid per Common Share, if the holders of Common Shares receive only cash in the applicable Change of Control or (ii) in any other situation, the simple average of the Weighted Average Price of the Common Shares over the five (5) consecutive Trading Day period ending on, and including, the Trading Day immediately preceding the Change of Control Effective Date of the Change of Control. (tt) “Mandatory Conversion Measuring Period” means the thirty (30) consecutive Trading Day period following the first Trading Day of the applicable Mandatory Conversion Period during which the Mandatory Conversion Price Condition is satisfied. (uu) “Mandatory Conversion Period” means each of (i) the period commencing on February 1, 2026 and ending on February 1, 2030, exclusive and (i) the period from and after February 1, 2030. (vv) “Mandatory Conversion Price Condition” will be deemed satisfied for purposes of these Articles of Continuance: (i) with respect to a Mandatory Conversion for which a Mandatory Conversion Notice is delivered in accordance with Section (6)(d) during the First Mandatory Conversion Period, if the Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares has equaled or exceeded 190% of the Conversion Price as of the Issuance Date (as adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, reclassification or similar transaction relating to the Common Shares occurring after the Issuance Date pursuant to Section (7)) during twenty (20) Trading Days (whether or not consecutive) occurring in any thirty (30) consecutive Trading Day period occurring on or after February 1, 2026 and ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Mandatory Conversion Notice Date related to such Mandatory Conversion and (ii) with respect to a Mandatory Conversion for which a Mandatory Conversion Notice is delivered in accordance with Section (6)(d) during the Second Mandatory Conversion Period, if the Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares has equaled or exceeded 175% of the Conversion Price as of the Issuance Date (as adjusted for any share dividend, share split, share combination, reclassification or similar transaction relating to the Common Shares occurring after the Issuance Date pursuant to Section (7)) during twenty (20) Trading Days (whether or not consecutive) occurring in any thirty (30) consecutive Trading Day period occurring on or after February 1, 2030 and ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Mandatory Conversion Notice Date related to such Mandatory Conversion. (ww) “Merger Agreement” means that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of November 7, 2022, by and among the Corporation, IAA, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and the other parties thereto, as may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time. (xx) “Minimum Ownership Threshold” means twenty five percent (25.0%) of the Series A Preferred Shares outstanding as of the applicable date of determination. (yy) “Offer to Repurchase Percentage” means such percentage of Common Shares being redeemed or repurchased by the Corporation (including Common Shares into which Junior Shares, options or warrants, which are being so redeemed or repurchased, are convertible, exchangeable or exercisable) out of the total number of Common Shares (including Common Shares into which such Junior Shares, options or warrants of the Corporation are convertible, exchangeable or exercisable, which are so being redeemed or repurchased) issued and outstanding (or in respect of any such Junior Shares, options or warrants, which are so being redeemed or repurchased, which are reserved for issuance upon conversion, exchange or exercise thereof) as of the applicable time of determination. (zz) “Offer to Repurchase Price” means the sum of (x) the amount of accrued and unpaid Dividends, if any, on the Series A Preferred Shares subject to the applicable Offer to Repurchase (and any accrued and unpaid dividends thereon accrued pursuant to Section (5)(c)) and (y) the greater of (1) the Conversion Amount of the Series A Preferred Shares subject to the applicable Offer to Repurchase and (2) the amount set forth in clause (1) increased by the same percentage as the premium paid to the holders of each Common Share (including Common Shares into which Junior Shares, options or warrants of the Corporation are convertible, exchangeable or exercisable) giving rise to the applicable Offer to Repurchase determined based on the purchase price relative to the Closing Sale Price of the Common Shares on the Trading Day the Corporation purchases such Common Share, Junior Share, option or warrant (unless such purchase occurs on a day that is not a Trading Day, in which case the Closing Sale Price from the immediately preceding Trading will be used in the determination of such premium). To the extent there is more than one Offer to Repurchase Event in a Calendar Quarter, the premium referred to in the immediately preceding sentence will be based on a weighted average calculation determined by the Corporation in good faith. (aaa) “Offer to Repurchase Pro Rata Portion” means, for each Holder, a fraction the numerator of which is the number of Series A Preferred Shares held by such Holder at the applicable time of determination and the denominator of which is the total number of Series A Preferred Shares outstanding at the applicable time of determination. In the event that a Holder shall sell or otherwise transfer any of its Series A Preferred Shares, the transferee shall be allocated a pro rata portion of the transferring Holder’s Offer to Repurchase Pro Rata Portion. (bbb) “open of business” means 9:00 a.m. (New York City time). (ccc) “Person” means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership (limited or general), a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization, any other entity and a government or any department or agency thereof.   137 2024 Proxy Statement (ddd) “Principal Market” means the New York Stock Exchange (or its successor). (eee) “record date” means, with respect to any dividend, distribution or other transaction or event in which the holders of the Common Shares have the right to receive any cash, securities or other property or in which the Common Shares are exchanged for or converted into any combination of cash, securities or other property, the date fixed for determination of holders of the Common Shares entitled to receive such cash, securities or other property (whether such date is fixed by the Board or by statute, contract or otherwise). (fff) “Registration Rights Agreement” means that certain registration rights agreement dated as of the Subscription Date by and among the Corporation and the initial holders of the Series A Preferred Shares relating to, among other things, the registration of the resale of the Common Shares issuable pursuant to the terms of these Articles of Continuance, as may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time. (ggg) “Registration Statement” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Registration Rights Agreement. (hhh) “Required Holders” means the Holders representing at least a majority of the aggregate Series A Preferred Shares then outstanding and shall include the Designee so long as the Designee and/or any of its Affiliates is a Holder who beneficially owns, in the aggregate, at least the Minimum Ownership Threshold. (iii) “Second Mandatory Conversion Period” means the period described in clause (ii) of the definition of “Mandatory Conversion Period” set forth in Section (18)(uu). (jjj) “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. (kkk) “Securities Purchase Agreement” means the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of the Subscription Date, by and among the Corporation and the initial holders of the Series A Preferred Shares, relating to, among other things, the purchase and sale of the Series A Preferred Shares, as may be amended, amended and restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time. (lll) “Subscription Date” means January 22, 2023. (mmm) “Subsidiaries” means any joint venture or entity in which the Corporation, directly or indirectly, owns more than 50% of the voting power of shares of capital or other equity or similar interest, including any subsidiaries formed or acquired after the Subscription Date. (nnn) “Trading Day” means any day on which (i) the Common Shares (or other security for which a Closing Sale Price or other price must be determined) are traded on the Principal Market, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal U.S. trading market for the Common Shares (or such other security) on such day, then on another Eligible Market on which the Common Shares (or such other security) are then traded or, if the Common Shares (or such other security) are not then listed on an Eligible Market, on the principal other U.S. market on which the Common Shares (or such other security) are then traded and (ii) a Closing Sale Price (or such other price) is for the Common Shares (or such other security) is available on such securities exchange or market; provided that if the Common Shares (or such other security) are not so listed or traded, “Trading Day” means a Business Day. (ooo) “Transfer Agent” means Computershare Investor Services Inc. or such other agent or agents of the Corporation as may be designated by the Board as the transfer agent for the Common Shares. (ppp) “Weighted Average Price” means per share volume-weighted average price as displayed under the heading “Bloomberg VWAP” on Bloomberg page “RBA <equity> AQR” (or its equivalent successor if such page is not available) (or the applicable Bloomberg page with respect to the common shares or other equity interests referred to in the definition “FMV” in Section (7)(a)(iv)) in respect of the period from the scheduled open of trading until the scheduled close of trading of the primary trading session on such Trading Day (or if such volume-weighted average price is unavailable, the market value of one Common Share (or such other common share or equity interest referred to in the definition “FMV” in Section (7)(a) (iv)) on such Trading Day reasonably determined, using a volume-weighted average method, by a nationally recognized independent investment banking firm retained for this purpose by the Corporation). The “Weighted Average Price” shall be determined without regard to after-hours trading or any other trading outside of the regular trading session trading hours. (qqq) “Wholly-Owned Subsidiary” means, with respect to any Person, any direct or indirect Subsidiary of such Person, except that, solely for purposes of this definition, the reference to “more than 50%” in the definition of “Subsidiary” shall be deemed replaced by a reference to “100%,” the calculation of which shall exclude nominal amounts of the voting power of shares of capital stock or other interests in the relevant Subsidiary not held by such Person to the extent required to satisfy local minority interest requirements outside of the United States.   138 2024 Proxy Statement Junior Preferred Shares The New York Stock Exchange or such other exchange upon which the Company may be listed, should it no longer be listed on the New York Stock Exchange. “Exchange Act” means the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder. “Fair Market Value”following is a statement of the Shares on any given date means the closing price of the Common Shares for such date on The New York Stock Exchange or the Toronto Stock Exchange, whichever exchange has the majority of the trading volume at such time. If there is no closing price for such date, the determination shall be made by reference to the last date preceding such date for which there is a closing price. “Incentive Stock Option” means any Stock Option designated and qualified as an “incentive stock option” as defined in Section 422 of the Code. “Insider” has the same meaning as found in the TSX Company Manual. “Minimum Vesting Period” means the one-year period following the date of grant of an Award. “Non-Employee Director” means a member of the Board who is not also an employee of the Company or any Affiliate. “Non-Qualified Stock Option” means any Stock Option that is not an Incentive Stock Option. “Option” or “Stock Option” means any option to purchase Shares granted pursuant to Section 5. “Restricted Shares” means the Shares underlying a Restricted Share Award that remain subject to a risk of forfeiture or the Company’s right of repurchase. “Restricted Share Award” means an Award of Restricted Shares subject to suchrights, privileges, restrictions and conditions asattaching to the Administrator may determine at the time of grant. Junior Preferred shares (the “Restricted Share UnitsJunior Preferred Shares”” means an Award of share units subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Administrator may determine at the time of grant. “Sale Event” means (i) the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company on a consolidated basis to an unrelated person or entity, (ii) a merger, reorganization or consolidation pursuant to which the holders of the Company’s outstanding voting power and outstanding stock immediately prior to such transaction do not own a majority of the outstanding voting power and outstanding stock or other equity interests of the resulting or successor entity (or its ultimate parent, if applicable) immediately upon completion of such transaction, (iii) the sale of all of the Shares of the Company to an unrelated person, entity or group thereof acting in concert, or (iv) any other transaction in which the owners of the Company’s outstanding voting power immediately prior to such transaction do not own at least a majority of the outstanding voting power of the Company or any successor entity immediately upon completion of the transaction other than), as a result of the acquisition of securities directly from the Company. “Sale Price” means the value as determined by the Administrator of the consideration payable, or otherwise to be received by shareholders, per share of Stock pursuant to a Sale Event. “Section 409A” means Section 409A of the Code and the regulations and other guidance promulgated thereunder. 118 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents “Service Relationship” means any relationship as an officer, employee, director or Consultant of the Company or any Affiliate (e.g., a Service Relationship shall be deemed to continue without interruption in the event an individual’s status changes from full-time employee to part-time employee or Consultant). “Shares” means the common sharesclass in the capital of the Company,Corporation. (1) Directors’ Authority to Issue in One or More Series. The directors of the Corporation may issue the Junior Preferred Shares at any time and from time to time in one or more series. Before any shares of a particular series are issued, the directors of the Corporation shall fix the number of shares that will form such series and shall determine, subject to the limitations set out in the articles, the designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions to be attached to the Junior Preferred Shares of such series, including, but without in any way limiting or restricting the generality of the foregoing, the rate or rates, amount or methods of calculation of dividends thereon, the currency or currencies of payment of dividends, the time and place of payment of dividends, the consideration and the terms and conditions of any purchase for cancellation, retraction or redemption rights (if any), the conversion or exchange rights attached thereto (if any), the voting rights attached thereto (if any) and the terms and conditions of any share purchase plan or sinking fund with respect thereto. Before the issue of the first shares of a series, the directors shall send to the Director (as defined in the Business Corporations Act (Ontario)) articles of amendment containing a description of such series including the designation, rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions determined by the directors. (2) Ranking of Junior Preferred Shares. No rights, privileges, restrictions or conditions attached to a series of Junior Preferred Shares shall confer upon a series a priority in respect of dividends or return of capital over any other series of Junior Preferred Shares. The Junior Preferred Shares shall be entitled, subject to the prior rights of the holders of the Senior Preferred Shares, to priority over the Common Shares of the Corporation and over any other shares ranking junior to the Junior Preferred Shares with respect to priority in the payment of dividends and in the distribution of assets in the event of the liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, or any other distribution of the assets of the Corporation among its shareholders for the purpose of winding up its affairs. If any cumulative dividends or amounts payable or return of capital in respect of a series of Junior Preferred Shares are not paid in full, the Junior Preferred Shares of all series shall participate rateably in respect of such dividends, including accumulations, if any, in accordance with the sums that would be payable on such shares if all such dividends were declared and paid in full and in respect of any repayment of capital in accordance with the sums that would be payable on such repayment of capital if all sums so payable were paid in full; provided, however, that in the event of there being insufficient assets to satisfy in full all such claims as aforesaid, the claims of the holders of the Junior Preferred Shares with respect to repayment of capital shall first be paid and satisfied and any assets remaining thereafter shall be applied towards the payment and satisfaction of claims in respect of dividends. The Junior Preferred Shares of any series may also be given such other preferences not consistent with clause (1) to (4) hereof over the Common Shares and over any other shares ranking junior to the Junior Preferred Shares as may be determined in the case of such series of Junior Preferred Shares. (3) Voting Rights. Except as herein referred to or as otherwise provided by law or in accordance with any voting rights which may from time to time be attached to any series of Junior Preferred Shares, the holders of the Junior Preferred Shares as a class shall not be entitled as such to receive notice of, to attend or to vote at any meeting of the shareholders of the Corporation. (4) Approval of Holders of Junior Preferred Shares. The rights, privileges, restrictions and conditions attaching to the Junior Preferred Shares as a class may be added to, changed or removed but only with the approval of the holders of Junior Preferred Shares given as hereinafter specified. The approval of the holders of Junior Preferred Shares to add to, change or remove any right, privilege, restriction or condition attaching to the Junior Preferred Shares as a class or of any other matter requiring the consent of the holders of the Junior Preferred Shares as a class may be given in such manner as may then be required by law, subject to a minimum requirement that such approval be given by resolution passed by the affirmative vote of at least 2/3 of the votes cast at a meeting of the holders of Junior Preferred Shares duly called for that purpose. The formalities to be observed in respect of the giving of notice of any such meeting or any adjourned meeting and the conduct thereof shall be those from time to time prescribed by the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) (as from time to time amended, varied or replaced) and the by-laws of the Corporation with respect to meetings of shareholders. On every poll taken at a meeting of holders of Junior Preferred Shares as a class, or at a joint meeting of the holders of two or more series of Junior Preferred Shares, each holder of Junior Preferred Shares entitled to vote thereat shall have 1 vote in respect of each Junior Preferred Share held by him/her. 139 2024 Proxy Statement EXHIBIT 1  RB GLOBAL, INC. CONVERSION NOTICE Reference is made to adjustmentsthe Articles of Continuance of RB Global, Inc. (the “Articles of Continuance”) creating the Series A Senior Preferred Shares. In accordance with and pursuant to Section 3. “Share Appreciation Right” means an Award entitling the recipientArticles of Continuance, the undersigned hereby elects to receive Shares (or cash, to the extent explicitly provided for in the applicable Award Certificate) having a value equal to the excess of the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the date of exercise over the exercise price of the Share Appreciation Right multiplied byconvert the number of Series A Senior Preferred Shares with respect to which(the “Series A Preferred Shares”) of RB Global, Inc., a corporation continued under the Share Appreciation Right is exercised. “Subsidiary” means any corporation or other entity (other than the Company) in which the Company has at least a 50 percent interest, either directly or indirectly. “Substitute Awards” means Awards granted or Shares issued by the Company in assumption of, or in substitution or exchange for, awards previously granted, in each case by a company acquired by the Company or any Affiliate or with which the Company or any Affiliate combines. “Ten Percent Owner” means an employee who owns or is deemed to own (by reasonlaws of the attribution rulesProvince of Section 424(d)Ontario (the “Corporation”), indicated below into Common Shares (the “Common Shares”) of the Code) more than 10 percentCorporation, as of the combined voting power of all classes of shares of the Company or any parent or subsidiary corporation. “Unrestricted Share Award” means an Award of Shares free of any restrictions. SECTION 2.    ADMINISTRATION OF PLAN; ADMINISTRATOR AUTHORITY TO SELECT   GRANTEES AND DETERMINE AWARDS (a)Administration of Plan. The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator. (b)       Powers of Administrator. The Administrator shall have the power and authority to grant Awards consistent with the terms of the Plan, including the power and authority: (i)        to select the individuals to whom Awards may from time to time be granted; (ii)       to determine the time or times of grant, and the extent, if any, of Incentive Stock Options, Non-Qualified Stock Options, Share Appreciation Rights, Restricted Share Awards, Restricted Share Units, Unrestricted Share Awards, Cash-Based Awards, and Dividend Equivalent Rights, or any combination of the foregoing, granted to any one or more grantees; (iii)      to determine the number of Shares to be covered by any Award; (iv)      to determine and modify from time to time the terms and conditions, including restrictions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, of any Award, which terms and conditions may differ among individual Awards and grantees, and to approve the forms of Award Certificates; (v)       to accelerate at any time the exercisability or vesting of all or any portion of any Award; (vi)      subject to the provisions of Section 5(c) or 6(d), as applicable, to extend at any time the period in which Stock Options and Share Appreciation Rights may be exercised; and (vii)     at any time to adopt, alter and repeal such rules, guidelines and practices for administration of the Plan and for its own acts and proceedings as it shall deem advisable;date specified below. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 119 TableDate of ContentsConversion:   (viii)     to interpret the terms and provisions of the Plan and any Award (including related written instruments); (ix)      to make all determinations it deems advisable for the administration of the Plan; to decide all disputes arising in connection with the Plan; and (x)      to otherwise supervise the administration of the Plan. All decisions and interpretations of the Administrator shall be binding on all persons, including the Company and Plan grantees. (c)       Delegation of Authority to Grant Awards. Subject to applicable law, the Administrator, in its discretion, may delegate to a committee consisting of one or more officers of the Company, including the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, all or part of the Administrator’s authority and duties with respect to the granting of Awards to individuals who are (i) not subject to the reporting and other provisions of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and (ii) not members of the delegated committee. Any such delegation by the Administrator shall include a limitation as to the number of Shares underlying Awards that may be granted during the period of the delegation and shall contain guidelines as to the determination of the exercise price and the vesting criteria. The Administrator may revoke or amend the terms of a delegation at any time but such action shall not invalidate any prior actions of the Administrator’s delegate or delegates that were consistent with the terms of the Plan. (d)       Award Certificate. Other than with respect to Cash-Based Awards, Awards under the Plan shall be evidenced by Award Certificates that set forth the terms, conditions and limitations for each Award, which may include, without limitation, the term of an Award and the provisions applicable in the event employment or service terminates. (e)       Indemnification. Neither the Board nor the Administrator, nor any member of either or any delegate thereof, shall be liable for any act, omission, interpretation, construction, or determination made in good faith in connection with the Plan, and the members of the Board and the Administrator (and any delegate thereof) shall be entitled in all cases to indemnification and reimbursement by the Company in respect of any claim, loss, damage or expense (including, without limitation, reasonable attorneys’ fees) arising or resulting therefrom to the fullest extent permitted by law and/or under the Company’s articles or bylaws or any directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage which may be in effect from time to time and/or any indemnification agreement between such individual and the Company. (f)        Non-U.S. Award Recipients. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, in order to comply with the laws in other countries in which the Company and its Affiliates operate or have employees or other individuals eligible for Awards, the Administrator, in its sole discretion, shall have the power and authority to: (i) determine which Subsidiaries are covered by the Plan; (ii) determine which individuals outside the United States are eligible to participate in the Plan; (iii) modify the terms and conditions of any Award granted to individuals outside the United States to comply with applicable foreign laws; (iv) establish subplans and modify exercise procedures and other terms and procedures, to the extent the Administrator determines such actions to be necessary or advisable (and such subplans and/or modifications shall be attached to this Plan as appendices); provided, however, that no such subplans and/or modifications shall increase the share limitations contained in Section 3(a) hereof; and (v) take any action, before or after an Award is made, that the Administrator determines to be necessary or advisable to obtain approval or comply with any local governmental regulatory exemptions or approvals. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator may not take any actions hereunder, and no Awards shall be granted, that would violate the Exchange Act or any other applicable United States securities law, the Code, or any other applicable United States governing statute or law. (g)       Minimum Vesting Period. The vesting period for each equity-based Award granted under the Plan must be at least equal to the Minimum Vesting Period; provided, however, notwithstanding the foregoing, (i) up to five percent of the Shares authorized for issuance under the Plan may be utilized for Unrestricted Share Awards or 120 2023 PROXY STATEMENT TableNumber of ContentsSeries A Preferred Shares to be converted:   other Awards with a vesting period that is less than the Minimum Vesting Period (each such Award, an “Excepted Award”) and (ii) annual Awards to Non-Employee Directors that occur in connection with the Company’s annual meeting of shareholders may vest on the earlier of the one-year anniversary of the date of grant or the date of the Company’s next annual meeting of shareholders which is at least 50 weeks after the immediately preceding year’s annual meeting. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (x) in addition to Excepted Awards, the Administrator may grant Awards that vest (or permit previously granted Awards to vest) within the Minimum Vesting Period (i) if such Awards are granted as substitute Awards in replacement of other Awards (or awards previously granted by an entity being acquired (or assets of which are being acquired)) that were scheduled to vest within the Minimum Vesting Period or (ii) if such Awards are being granted in lieu of fully vested cash compensation and (y) nothing in this Section 2(g) shall limit the Administrator’s authority to provide for the accelerated vesting of Awards in the terms of an Award Certificate or as permitted in Section 2(b)(v) above. SECTION 3.    STOCK ISSUABLE UNDER THE PLAN; MERGERS; SUBSTITUTION (a)       Stock Issuable. The maximum number of shares of Stock reserved and available for issuance under the Plan shall be 9,355,000 Shares, subject to adjustment as provided in this Section 3. For purposes of this limitation, the Shares underlying any awards under the Plan that are forfeited, canceled or otherwise terminated (other than by exercise) shall be added back to the Shares available for issuance under the Plan and, to the extent permitted under Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder, the Shares that may be issued as Incentive Stock Options. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following Shares shall not be added to the Shares authorized for grant under the Plan: (i) shares tendered or held back upon exercise of an Option or settlement of an Award to cover the exercise price or tax withholding, and (ii) shares subject to a Share Appreciation Right that are not issued in connection with the share settlement of the Share Appreciation Right upon exercise thereof. In the event the Company repurchases Shares on the open market, such Shares shall not be added to the Shares available for issuance under the Plan. Subject to such overall limitations, Shares may be issued up to such maximum number pursuant to any type or types of Award; provided, however, that no more than 9,355,000 Shares may be issued in the form of Incentive Stock Options. The Shares available for issuance under the Plan may be authorized but unissued Shares or Shares reacquired by the Company. The maximum number of Shares that are issuable to Insiders, at any time, pursuant to Awards under the Plan and any other share-based compensation arrangement adopted by the Company is 10% of the Shares outstanding from time to time. The maximum number of Shares that may be issued to Insiders pursuant to Awards under the Plan and any other share-based compensation arrangement adopted by the Company within a one-year period is 10% of the Shares outstanding from time to time. (b)       Substitute Awards. Substitute Awards shall not reduce the Shares authorized for grant under the Plan, nor shall Shares subject to a Substitute Award be added to the Shares available for Awards under the Plan as provided in Section 3(a) above. Additionally, subject to the applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules, in the event that a company acquired by the Company or any Affiliate or with which the Company or any Affiliate combines has shares available under a pre-existing plan approved by shareholders and not adopted in contemplation of such acquisition or combination, the shares available for grant pursuant to the terms of such pre-existing plan (as adjusted, to the extent appropriate, using the exchange ratio or other adjustment or valuation ratio or formula used in such acquisition or combination to determine the consideration payable to the holders of common stock of the entities party to such acquisition or combination) may be used for Awards under the Plan and shall not reduce the shares authorized for grant under the Plan (and Shares subject to such Awards shall not be added to the shares available for Awards under the Plan as provided in Section 3(a) above); provided that Awards using such available Shares shall not be made after the date awards or grants could have been made under the terms of the pre-existing plan, absent the acquisition or combination, and shall only be made to individuals who were not employees or directors prior to such acquisition or combination. (c)       Changes in Shares. Subject to Section 3(d) hereof, if, as a result of any reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, share dividend, share split, reverse share split or other similar change in the Company’s capital shares, the outstanding Shares are increased or decreased or are exchanged for a different 2023 PROXY STATEMENTTax ID Number (If applicable): 121 Table of Contents   number Please confirm the following information: Conversion Rate: Number of Common Shares to be issued: Please issue the Common Shares into which the Series A Preferred Shares are being converted to the Holder, or kind of shares or other securitiesfor its benefit, as follows: ☐ To the undersigned’s account on the records of the Company, or additionalTransfer Agent Issue to: Address: Telephone Number: Tax Identification Number: ☐ If the securities are unrestricted, check here if requesting delivery by Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian as follows: DTC Participant: DTC Number: Account Number: Note: Initially, the common shares or new or different shares or other securities of the Company or other non-cash assets are distributed with respectissued upon conversion will include restrictive legends and will not be able to such Shares or other securities, or, if, as a result of any merger or consolidation, sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, the outstanding Shares are converted into or exchangedbe processed through DTC. Payment Instructions for securities of the Company or any successor entity (or a parent or subsidiary thereof), the Administrator shall make an appropriate or proportionate adjustment in (i) the maximum number of Shares reserved for issuance under the Plan, including the maximum number of Shares that may be issued in the form of Incentive Stock Options, (ii) the number and kind of Shares or other securities subject to any then outstanding Awards under the Plan, (iii) the repurchase price, if any, per Share subject to each outstanding Restricted Share Award, and (iv) the exercise price for each Share subject to any then outstanding Stock Options and Share Appreciation Rights under the Plan, without changing the aggregate exercise price (i.e., the exercise price multiplied by the number of Shares subject to Stock Options and Share Appreciation Rights) as to which such Stock Options and Share Appreciation Rights remain exercisable. The Administrator shall also make equitable or proportionate adjustments in the number of Shares subject to outstanding Awards and the exercise price and the terms of outstanding Awards to take into consideration cash dividends paid other than in the ordinary course or any other extraordinary corporate event. The adjustment by the Administrator shall be final, binding and conclusive. No fractional Shares shall be issued under the Plan resulting from any such adjustment, but the Administrator in its discretion may make a cash payment in lieu of fractional Shares.shares: (d)        Authorization: Mergers By: Title: Dated: Account Number (if electronic book entry transfer): Transaction Code Number (if electronic book entry transfer): [NOTE TO HOLDER -- THIS FORM MUST BE SENT CONCURRENTLY TO TRANSFER AGENT] ACKNOWLEDGMENT The Corporation hereby acknowledges this Conversion Notice and Other Transactions. Inhereby directs [Computershare Investor Services Inc.] [OR IF COMPUTERSHARE INVESTOR SERVICES INC. NO LONGER SERVES AS THE CORPORATION’S TRANSFER AGENT, INSERT THE NAME OF THE CORPORATION’S CURRENT TRANSFER AGENT] to issue the caseabove indicated number of Common Shares in accordance with the Standing Transfer Agent Instructions dated XX, 20XX from the Corporation and subjectacknowledged and agreed to by [Computershare Investor Services Inc.] [OR IF COMPUTERSHARE INVESTOR SERVICES INC. NO LONGER SERVES AS THE CORPORATION’S TRANSFER AGENT, INSERT THE NAME OF THE CORPORATION’S CURRENT TRANSFER AGENT]. RB GLOBAL, INC. By: Name: Title: 140 2024 Proxy Statement APPENDIX C: PROPOSED BY-LAWS BY-LAW NO. 2 A by-law relating generally to the consummation of a Sale Event, the parties thereto may cause the assumption or continuation of Awards theretofore granted by the successor entity, or the substitution of such Awards with new Awardstransaction of the successor entity or parent thereof, with appropriate adjustmentbusiness and affairs of RB GLOBAL, INC. (hereinafter referred to as to the number and kind of shares and, if appropriate, the per share exercise prices, as such parties shall agree. To the extent the parties to such Sale Event do not provide for the assumption, continuation or substitution of Awards, upon the effective time of the Sale Event, the Plan and all outstanding Awards granted hereunder shall terminate. In such case, except as may be otherwise provided in the relevant Award Certificate, all Awards with time-based vesting conditions or restrictions that are not vested and/or exercisable immediately prior to the effective time of the Sale Event shall become fully vested and exercisable as of immediately prior to the effective time of the Sale Event, and all Awards with conditions and restrictions relating to the attainment of performance goals may become vested and nonforfeitable in connection with a Sale Event in the Administrator’s discretion or to the extent specified in the relevant Award Certificate. In the event of such termination, (i) the Company shall have the option (in its sole discretion) to make or provide for a payment, in cash or in kind, to the grantees holding Options and Share Appreciation Rights, in exchange for the cancellation thereof, in an amount equal to the difference between (A) the Sale Price multiplied by the number of Shares subject to outstanding Options and Share Appreciation Rights (to the extent then exercisable at prices not in excess of the Sale Price) and (B) the aggregate exercise price of all such outstanding Options and Share Appreciation Rights (provided that, in the case of an Option or Share Appreciation Right with an exercise price equal to or greater than the Sale Price, such Option or Share Appreciation Right shall be cancelled for no consideration); or (ii) each grantee shall be permitted, within a specified period of time prior to the consummation of the Sale Event as determined by the Administrator, to exercise all outstanding Options and Share Appreciation Rights (to the extent then exercisable) held by such grantee. The Company shall also have the option (in its sole discretion) to make or provide for a payment, in cash or in kind, to the grantees holding other Awards in an amount equal to the Sale Price multiplied by the number of vested Shares under such Awards.“Corporation”) SECTION 4.  ELIGIBILITYDIRECTORS 1. Calling of and notice of meetings. Meetings of the board shall be held at such place and time and on such day as they see fit. A director may at any time convene a meeting of the board. Notice of meetings of the board shall be given to each director not less than 48 hours before the time when the meeting is to be held. Each newly elected board may without notice hold its first meeting for the purposes of organization and the appointment of officers immediately following the meeting of shareholders at which such board was elected. Grantees under the Plan will be such officers, employees, Non-Employee Directors or Consultants of the Company and its Affiliates as are selected 2 Votes to govern. At all meetings of the board every question shall be decided by a majority of the votes cast on the question. In case of an equality of votes the chairman of the meeting shall not be entitled to a second or casting vote. 3. Interest of directors and officers generally in contracts. No director or officer shall be disqualified by his office from contracting with the Corporation nor shall any contract or arrangement entered into by or on behalf of the Corporation with any director or officer or in which any director or officer is in any way interested be liable to be voided nor shall any director or officer so contracting or being so interested be liable to account to the Corporation for any profit realized by any such contract or arrangement by reason of such director or officer holding that office or of the fiduciary relationship thereby established; provided that the director or officer shall have complied with the provisions of the Business Corporations Act (Ontario). 4. Advance Notice for Nomination of Directors (a) Meetings of Shareholders. Subject only to the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) and the Articles of the Corporation, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as directors of the Corporation. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the Corporation may be made at any annual meeting of shareholders, or at any special meeting of shareholders if one of the purposes for which the special meeting was called was the election of directors, and such nomination or proposed nomination is made: (i) by or at the direction of the board, including pursuant to a notice of meeting; (ii) by or at the direction or request of one or more shareholders pursuant to a proposal made in accordance with the provisions of the Business Corporations Act (Ontario), or a requisition of the shareholders made in accordance with the provisions of the Business Corporations Act (Ontario); or (iii) by any person (a “Nominating Shareholder”): (a) who, at the close of business on the date of the giving of the notice provided for below in this paragraph 4 and at the close of business on the record date for notice of such meeting, is entered in the securities register of the Corporation as a holder of one or more shares carrying the right to vote at such meeting or who beneficially owns shares that are entitled to be voted at such meeting and provides evidence satisfactory to the Corporation of such beneficial ownership; and (b) who complies with the notice procedures set forth below in this paragraph 4. (b) Timely Notice. In addition to any other applicable requirements, for a nomination to be made by a Nominating Shareholder, the Nominating Shareholder must have given timely notice thereof in proper written form to the Corporate Secretary of the Corporation at the head office of the Corporation. (i) To be timely, a Nominating Shareholder’s notice to the Corporate Secretary of the Corporation must be made: A. in the case of an annual meeting of shareholders, not less than 30 days prior to the date of the annual meeting of shareholders; provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting of shareholders is to be held on a date that is less than 50 days after the date (the “Notice Date”) on which the first public announcement of the date of the annual meeting was made, notice by the Nominating Shareholder may be made not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the Notice Date; and B. in the case of a special meeting (which is not also an annual meeting) of shareholders called for the purpose of electing directors (whether or not called for other purposes), not later than the close of business on the fifteenth (15th) day following the day on which the first public announcement of the date of the special meeting of shareholders was made. (c) Proper Written Form. To be in proper written form, a Nominating Shareholder’s notice to the Corporate Secretary of the Corporation must: (i) set forth the following information as to each person whom the Nominating Shareholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (each a “Proposed Nominee”): A. the name, age, business address and residential address of the Proposed Nominee; B. the principal occupation or employment of the Proposed Nominee for the most recent five years, and the name and principal business of any company in which such employment was carried on; C. the citizenship and place of residence of the Proposed Nominee; 141 2024 Proxy Statement D. the class or series and number of shares in the capital of the Corporation which are controlled or which are owned beneficially or of record by the Proposed Nominee as of the record date for the meeting of shareholders (if such date shall then have been made publicly available and shall have occurred) and as of the date of such notice; E. any other information relating to the Proposed Nominee that would be required to be disclosed in a dissident’s proxy circular in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) and Applicable Securities Laws (as defined below); and F. the Proposed Nominee’s written consent to being named in the notice as a nominee and to serving as a director of the Corporation if elected; and (ii) set forth the following information as to the Nominating Shareholder giving the notice: A. the name and address of such Nominating Shareholder, as they appear on the securities register of the Corporation; B. the number of securities of each class or series of securities of the Corporation owned of record and beneficially by, or under the control or direction of, directly or indirectly, such Nominating Shareholder; C. full particulars regarding any agreement, arrangement or understanding with respect to the nomination between or among such Nominating Shareholder, any of their respective affiliates or associates, and any others acting jointly or in concert with any of the foregoing, including the Proposed Nominee; D. full particulars regarding any agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, warrants, convertible securities, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into as of the date of the notice by, or on behalf of, such Nominating Shareholder, whether or not such instrument or right shall be subject to settlement in underlying securities of the Corporation, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to, manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such Nominating Shareholder with respect to securities of the Corporation; E. full particulars regarding any proxy, contract, arrangement, understanding or relationship pursuant to which such Nominating Shareholder has a right to vote or direct the voting of any securities of the Corporation; and F. any other information relating to such Nominating Shareholder that would be required to be made in a dissident’s proxy circular in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) and Applicable Securities Laws (as defined below); and (iii) include a certification by the Nominating Shareholder that the Nominating Shareholder’s notice contains no untrue statement of material fact and does not omit to state a material fact that is required to be stated or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances in which it was made and a certification by the Proposed Nominee that the information in relation to him or her contained in the Nominating Shareholder’s Notice is true and accurate. (d) The Corporation may require any Proposed Nominee to furnish such other information and documents as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to (i) determine the eligibility of such Proposed Nominee to serve as an independent director of the Corporation or that could be material to a reasonable shareholder’s understanding of the independence and/or qualifications in respect of financial literacy, or lack thereof, of such Proposed Nominee or (ii) satisfy the requirements of the Business Corporations Act (Ontario), Applicable Securities Laws or applicable stock exchange rules. In addition, a Nominating Shareholder’s notice (including but not limited to the related certification) shall be promptly updated and supplemented if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice shall be true and correct as of the record date for the meeting of shareholders. (e) Eligibility for Nomination. No person shall be eligible for election as a director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph 4; provided, however, that nothing in this paragraph 4 shall be deemed to preclude discussion by a shareholder (as distinct from the nomination of directors) at a meeting of shareholders of any matter in respect of which it would have been entitled to submit a proposal pursuant to the provisions of the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) or the discretion of the Chairman. The Chairman of the meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination was made in accordance with the procedures set forth in the foregoing provisions and, if any proposed nomination is not in compliance with such foregoing provisions, to declare that such defective nomination shall be disregarded. (f) For purposes of this By-law No. 2: (i) “public announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by a national news service in Canada, or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation under its profile on the System of Electronic Document Analysis and Retrieval + at www.sedarplus.com; and (ii) “Applicable Securities Laws” means the applicable securities legislation of each relevant province and territory of Canada, as amended from time to time, the rules, regulations and forms made or promulgated under any such statute and the published national instruments, multilateral instruments, policies, bulletins and notices of the securities commission and similar regulatory authority of each province and territory of Canada. (g) Notice. Notwithstanding any other provision of this By-law No. 2, a Nominating Shareholder’s notice given to the Corporate Secretary of the Corporation pursuant to this paragraph 4 may only be given by personal delivery, facsimile transmission or by email (at such email address as may be stipulated from time to time by the Corporate Secretary of the Corporation for purposes of such notice), and shall be deemed to have been given and made only at the time it is served by personal delivery, email (if applicable, at the address as aforesaid) or sent by facsimile transmission (provided that receipt of confirmation of such transmission has been received) to the Corporate Secretary at the address of the head office of the Corporation; provided that if such delivery or electronic communication is made on a day which is a not a business day or later than 5:00 p.m. (Pacific Standard Time) on a day which is a business day, then such delivery or electronic communication shall be deemed to have been made on the subsequent day that is a business day. 142 2024 Proxy Statement (h) Compliance with Share Rights. Notwithstanding the foregoing, all nominations must be made in accordance with the special rights and restrictions attached to any class or series of shares from time to time. (i) Waiver of Requirement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, waive any requirement in this paragraph 4. SHAREHOLDERS’ MEETINGS 5. Quorum. (a) Quorum. At any meeting of shareholders, a quorum shall be two persons present in person and each entitled to vote thereat and holding or representing by proxy not less than thirty three per cent (33%) of the votes entitled to be cast thereat. (b) Participation by Electronic Means. Subject to compliance with applicable requirements under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) and regulations thereunder and applicable securities laws, any person entitled to attend and vote at a meeting of shareholders may (i) vote at the meeting in person or by proxy (and, subject to any determination made from time to time by the board, may appoint a proxy by any method permitted by law and approved by the board from time to time, by the Administrator in its sole discretion; provided that Awards may not be granted to officers, employees, Non-Employee Directors or Consultants that are U.S. taxpayers and who are providing services only to any “parent” of the Company, as such term is defined in Rule 405 of the Act, unless (i) the Shares underlying the Awards are treated as “service recipient stock” under Section 409A or (ii) the Company has determined that such Awards are exempt from or otherwise comply with Section 409A. 122 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents SECTION 5.    STOCK OPTIONS (a)       Award of Stock Options. The Administrator may grant Stock Options under the Plan. Any Stock Option granted under the Plan shall be in such form as the Administrator may from time to time approve. Stock Options granted under the Plan may be either Incentive Stock Options or Non-Qualified Stock Options. Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to employees of the Company or any Subsidiary that is a “subsidiary corporation” within the meaning of Section 424(f) of the Code. To the extent that any Option does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option, it shall be deemed a Non-Qualified Stock Option. Stock Options granted pursuant to this Section 5 shall be subject to the following terms and conditions and shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator shall deem desirable. If the Administrator so determines, Stock Options may be granted in lieu of cash compensation at the optionee’s election, subject to such terms and conditions as the Administrator may establish. (b)       Exercise Price. The exercise price per Share for any Stock Option granted pursuant to this Section 5 shall be determined by the Administrator at the time of grant but shall not be less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option that is granted to a Ten Percent Owner, the exercise price of such Incentive Stock Option shall be not less than 110 percent of the Fair Market Value on the grant date. Notwithstanding the foregoing and subject to the applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules, Stock Options may be granted with an exercise price per share that is less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant (i) pursuant to a transaction described in, and in a manner consistent with, Section 424(a) of the Code, (ii) to individuals who are not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant, or (iii) if the Stock Option is otherwise compliant with Section 409A. (c)       Option Term. The term of each Stock Option shall be fixed by the Administrator, but no Stock Option shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date the Stock Option is granted. In the case of an Incentive Stock Option that is granted to a Ten Percent Owner, the term of such Stock Option shall be no more than five years from the date of grant. (d)       Exercisability; Rights of a Shareholder. Stock Options shall become exercisable at such time or times, whether or not in installments, as shall be determined by the Administrator at or after the grant date. An optionee shall have the rights of a shareholder only as to shares acquired upon the exercise of a Stock Option and not as to unexercised Stock Options. (e)       Method of Exercise. Stock Options may be exercised in whole or in part, by giving written or electronic notice of exercise to the Company, specifying the number of shares to be purchased. Payment of the purchase price may be made by one or more of the following methods except to the extent otherwise provided in the Award Certificate: (i)        In cash, by certified or bank check or other instrument acceptable to the Administrator; (ii)       Through the delivery (or attestation to the ownership following such procedures as the Company may prescribe) of Shares that are not then subject to restrictions under any Company plan. Such surrendered Shares shall be valued at Fair Market Value on the exercise date; (iii)      By the optionee delivering to the Company a properly executed exercise notice together with irrevocable instructions to a broker to promptly deliver to the Company cash or a check payable and acceptable to the Company for the purchase price; provided that in the event the optionee chooses to pay the purchase price as so provided, the optionee and the broker shall comply with such procedures and enter into such agreements of indemnity and other agreements as the Company shall prescribe as a condition of such payment procedure; or (iv)      With respect to Stock Options that are not Incentive Stock Options, by a “net exercise” arrangement pursuant to which the Company will reduce the number of Shares issuable upon exercise by the 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 123 Table of Contents largest whole number of Shares with an aggregate Fair Market Value that does not exceed the aggregate exercise price of the exercised Stock Options. (v)      Payment instruments will be received subject to collection. The transfer to the optionee on the records of the Company or of the transfer agent of the Shares to be purchased pursuant to the exercise of a Stock Option will be contingent upon receipt from the optionee (or a purchaser acting in the optionee’s stead in accordance with the provisions of the Stock Option) by the Company of the full purchase price for such Shares and the fulfillment of any other requirements contained in the Award Certificate or applicable provisions of laws (including the satisfaction of any withholding taxes that the Company is obligated to withhold with respect to the optionee). In the event an optionee chooses to pay the purchase price by previously-owned Shares through the attestation method, the number of Shares transferred to the optionee upon the exercise of the Stock Option shall be net of the number of attested Shares. In the event that the Company establishes, for itself or using the services of a third party, an automated system for the exercise of Stock Options, such as a system using an internet website or interactive voice response, then the paperless exercise of Stock Options may be permitted through the use of such an automated system. (f)       Annual Limit on Incentive Stock Options. To the extent required for “incentive stock option” treatment under Section 422 of the Code, the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the time of grant) of the Shares with respect to which Incentive Stock Options granted under this Plan and any other plan of the Company or its parent and subsidiary corporations become exercisable for the first time by an optionee during any calendar year shall not exceed $100,000. To the extent that any Stock Option exceeds this limit, it shall constitute a Non-Qualified Stock Option. SECTION 6.    SHARE APPRECIATION RIGHTS (a)       Award of Share Appreciation Rights. The Administrator may grant Share Appreciation Rights under the Plan. A Share Appreciation Right is an Award entitling the recipient to receive Shares (or cash, to the extent explicitly provided for in the applicable Award Certificate) having a value equal to the excess (if any) of: (A)(i) the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of exercise over (ii) the exercise price of the Share Appreciation Right, multiplied by (B) the number of Shares with respect to which the Share Appreciation Right shall have been exercised. (b)       Exercise Price of Share Appreciation Rights. The exercise price of a Share Appreciation Right shall not be less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant. Notwithstanding the foregoing and subject to the applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules, Share Appreciation Rights may be granted with an exercise price per share that is less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant (i) pursuant to a transaction described in, and in a manner consistent with, Section 424(a) of the Code, (ii) to individuals who are not subject to U.S. income tax on the date of grant or (iii) if the Share Appreciation Right is otherwise compliant with Section 409A. (c)       Grant and Exercise of Share Appreciation Rights. Share Appreciation Rights may be granted by the Administrator independently of any Stock Option granted pursuant to Section 5 of the Plan. (d)       Terms and Conditions of Share Appreciation Rights. Share Appreciation Rights shall be subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined on the date of grant by the Administrator. The term of a Share Appreciation Right may not exceed ten years. The terms and conditions of each such Award shall be determined by the Administrator, and such terms and conditions may differ among individual Awards and grantees. SECTION 7.    RESTRICTED SHARE AWARDS (a)       Nature of Restricted Share Awards. The Administrator may grant Restricted Share Awards under the Plan. A Restricted Share Award is any Award of Restricted Shares subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Administrator may determine at the time of grant. Conditions may be based on continuing employment (or other Service Relationship) and/or achievement of pre-established performance goals and objectives. 124 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents (b)       Rights as a Shareholder. Upon the grant of the Restricted Share Award and payment of a purchase price that complies with the applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules, a grantee shall have the rights of a shareholder with respect to the voting of the Restricted Shares and receipt of dividends; provided that any dividends paid by the Company during the vesting period shall accrue and shall not be paid to the grantee until and only to the extent the Restricted Share Award vests. Unless the Administrator shall otherwise determine, (i) uncertificated Restricted Shares shall be accompanied by a notation on the records of the Company or the transfer agent to the effect that they are subject to forfeiture until such Restricted Shares are vested as provided in Section 7(d) below, and (ii) certificated Restricted Shares shall remain in the possession of the Company until such Restricted Shares are vested as provided in Section 7(d) below, and the grantee shall be required, as a condition of the grant, to deliver to the Company such instruments of transfer as the Administrator may prescribe. (c)       Restrictions. Restricted Shares may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise encumbered or disposed of except as specifically provided herein or in the Restricted Share Award Certificate. Except as may otherwise be provided by the Administrator either in the Award Certificate or, subject to Section 16 below, in writing after the Award is issued, if a grantee’s employment (or other Service Relationship) with the Company and its Affiliates terminates for any reason, any Restricted Shares that have not vested at the time of termination shall automatically and without any requirement of notice to such grantee from, or other action by or on behalf of, the Company be deemed to have been reacquired by the Company at its original purchase price (if any) from such grantee or such grantee’s legal representative simultaneously with such termination of employment (or other Service Relationship), and thereafter shall cease to represent any ownership of the Company by the grantee or rights of the grantee as a shareholder. Following such deemed reacquisition of Restricted Shares that are represented by physical certificates, a grantee shall surrender such certificates to the Company upon request without consideration. (d)       Vesting of Restricted Shares. The Administrator at the time of grant shall specify the date or dates and/or the attainment of pre-established performance goals, objectives and other conditions on which the non-transferability of the Restricted Shares and the Company’s right of repurchase or forfeiture shall lapse. Subsequent to such date or dates and/or the attainment of such pre-established performance goals, objectives and other conditions, the shares on which all restrictions have lapsed shall no longer be Restricted Shares and shall be deemed “vested.” SECTION 8.    RESTRICTED SHARE UNITS (a)       Nature of Restricted Stock Units. The Administrator may grant Restricted Share Units under the Plan. A Restricted Share Unit is an Award of share units that may be settled in Shares (or cash, to the extent explicitly provided for in the Award Certificate) upon the satisfaction of such restrictions and conditions as the Administrator may determine at the time of grant. Conditions may be based on continuing employment (or other Service Relationship) and/or achievement of pre-established performance goals and objectives. The terms and conditions of each such Award shall be determined by the Administrator, and such terms and conditions may differ among individual Awards and grantees. Except in the case of Restricted Share Units with a deferred settlement date that, for U.S. taxpayers, complies with Section 409A, at the end of the vesting period, the Restricted Share Units, to the extent vested, shall be settled in the form of Shares. Restricted Share Units with deferred settlement dates granted to U.S. taxpayers are subject to Section 409A and shall contain such additional terms and conditions as the Administrator shall determine in its sole discretion in order to comply with the requirements of Section 409A. (b)       Election to Receive Restricted Share Units in Lieu of Compensation. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, permit a grantee to elect to receive a portion of future cash compensation otherwise due to such grantee in the form of an award of Restricted Share Units. Any such election shall be made in writing and shall be delivered to the Company no later than the date specified by the Administrator and, for U.S. taxpayers, in accordance with Section 409A and such other rules and procedures established by the Administrator. Any such future cash compensation that the grantee elects to defer shall be converted to a fixed number of Restricted Share Units based on the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the date the compensation would otherwise have been paid to the grantee 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 125 Table of Contents if such payment had not been deferred as provided herein. The Administrator shall have the sole right to determine whether and under what circumstances to permit such elections and to impose such limitations and other terms and conditions thereon as the Administrator deems appropriate. Any Restricted Share Units that are elected to be received in lieu of cash compensation shall be fully vested, unless otherwise provided in the Award Certificate. (c)       Rights as a Shareholder. A grantee shall have the rights as a shareholder only as to Shares acquired by the grantee upon settlement of Restricted Share Units; provided, however, that the grantee may be credited with Dividend Equivalent Rights with respect to the share units underlying his or her Restricted Share Units, subject to the provisions of Section 11 and such terms and conditions as the Administrator may determine. (d)       Termination. Except as may otherwise be provided by the Administrator either in the Award Certificate or, subject to Section 16 below, in writing after the Award is issued, a grantee’s right in all Restricted Share Units that have not vested shall automatically terminate upon the grantee’s termination of employment (or cessation of Service Relationship) with the Company and its Affiliates for any reason. SECTION 9.    UNRESTRICTED SHARE AWARDS Grant or Sale of Unrestricted Shares. The Administrator may grant (or sell at such purchase price determined by the Administrator) an Unrestricted Share Award under the Plan. An Unrestricted Share Award is an Award pursuant to which the grantee may receive Shares free of any restrictions under the Plan. Unrestricted Share Awards may be granted in respect of past services or other valid consideration, or in lieu of cash compensation due to such grantee. SECTION 10.    CASH-BASED AWARDS Grant of Cash-Based Awards. The Administrator may grant Cash-Based Awards under the Plan. A Cash-Based Award is an Award that entitles the grantee to a payment in cash upon the attainment of specified performance goals. The Administrator shall determine the maximum duration of the Cash-Based Award, the amount of cash to which the Cash-Based Award pertains, the conditions upon which the Cash-Based Award shall become vested or payable, and such other provisions as the Administrator shall determine. Each Cash-Based Award shall specify a cash-denominated payment amount, formula or payment ranges as determined by the Administrator. Payment, if any, with respect to a Cash-Based Award shall be made in accordance with the terms of the Award and may be made in cash. SECTION 11.    DIVIDEND EQUIVALENT RIGHTS (a)       Dividend Equivalent Rights. The Administrator may grant Dividend Equivalent Rights under the Plan. A Dividend Equivalent Right is an Award entitling the grantee to receive credits based on cash dividends that would have been paid on the Shares specified in the Dividend Equivalent Right (or other Award to which it relates) if such Shares had been issued to the grantee. A Dividend Equivalent Right may be granted hereunder to any grantee as a component of an award of Restricted Stock Units or as a freestanding award. The terms and conditions of Dividend Equivalent Rights shall be specified in the Award Certificate. Dividend equivalents credited to the holder of a Dividend Equivalent Right may be paid currently or may be deemed to be reinvested in additional Shares, which may thereafter accrue additional equivalents. Any such reinvestment shall be at Fair Market Value on the date of reinvestment or such other price as may then apply under a dividend reinvestment plan sponsored by the Company, if any. Dividend Equivalent Rights may be settled in cash or Shares or a combination thereof, in a single installment or installments. A Dividend Equivalent Right granted as a component of an Award of Restricted Share Units shall provide that such Dividend Equivalent Right shall be settled only upon settlement or payment of, or lapse of restrictions on, such other Award, and that such Dividend Equivalent Right shall expire or be forfeited or annulled under the same conditions as such other Award. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Plan, no Options or Share Appreciation Rights shall provide for the payment or accrual of Dividend Equivalent Rights. 126 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents (b)       Termination. Except as may otherwise be provided by the Administrator either in the Award Certificate or, subject to Section 16 below, in writing after the Award is issued, a grantee’s rights in all Dividend Equivalent Rights shall automatically terminate upon the grantee’s termination of employment (or cessation of Service Relationship) with the Company and its Affiliates for any reason. SECTION 12.    Transferability of Awards (a)       Transferability. Except as provided in Section 12(b) below, during a grantee’s lifetime, the grantee’s Awards shall be exercisable only by the grantee, or by the grantee’s legal representative or guardian in the event of the grantee’s incapacity. No Awards shall be sold, assigned, transferred or otherwise encumbered or disposed of by a grantee other than by will or by the laws of descent and distribution or pursuant to a domestic relations order. No Awards shall be subject, in whole or in part, to attachment, execution, or levy of any kind, and any purported transfer in violation hereof shall be null and void. (b)       Administrator Action. Notwithstanding Section 12(a), the Administrator, in its discretion, may provide either in the Award Certificate regarding a given Award or by subsequent written approval that the grantee (who is an employee or director) may transfer his or her Non-Qualified Stock Options to his or her immediate family members, to trusts for the benefit of such family members, or to partnerships in which such family members are the only partners, provided that (i) such transfer complies with applicable securities laws and stock exchange rules and (ii) the transferee agrees in writing with the Company to be bound by all of the terms and conditions of this Plan and the applicable Award. In no event may an Award be transferred by a grantee for value. (c)       Family Member. For purposes of Section 12(b), “family member” shall mean a grantee’s child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, former spouse, sibling, niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, including adoptive relationships, any person sharing the grantee’s household (other than a tenant of the grantee), a trust in which these persons (or the grantee) have more than 50 percent of the beneficial interest, a foundation in which these persons (or the grantee) control the management of assets, and any other entity in which these persons (or the grantee) own more than 50 percent of the voting interests. (d)       Designation of Beneficiary. To the extent permitted by the Company, each grantee to whom an Award has been made under the Plan may designate a beneficiary or beneficiaries to exercise any Award or receive any payment under any Award payable on or after the grantee’s death. Any such designation shall be on a form provided for that purpose by the Administrator and shall not be effective until received by the Administrator. If no beneficiary has been designated by a deceased grantee, or if the designated beneficiaries have predeceased the grantee, the beneficiary shall be the grantee’s estate. SECTION 13.    TAX WITHHOLDING (a)       Payment by Grantee. Each grantee shall, no later than the date as of which the value of an Award or of any Shares or other amounts received thereunder first becomes includable in the gross income of the grantee for Federal income tax purposes, pay to the Company, or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator regarding payment of, any Federal, state, or local taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld by the Company with respect to such income. The Company and its Affiliates shall, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct any such taxes from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the grantee. The Company’s obligation to deliver evidence of book entry (or share certificates) to any grantee is subject to and conditioned on tax withholding obligations being satisfied by the grantee. (b)       Payment in Shares. The Administrator may require the Company’s tax withholding obligation to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by the Company withholding from Shares to be issued pursuant to any Award a number of Shares with an aggregate Fair Market Value (as of the date the withholding is effected) that would satisfy the withholding amount due; provided, however, that the amount withheld does not exceed the maximum statutory tax rate or such lesser amount as is necessary to avoid liability accounting treatment. For purposes of share withholding, 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 127 Table of Contents the Fair Market Value of withheld Shares shall be determined in the same manner as the value of Shares includible in income of the grantees. The Administrator may also require the Company’s tax withholding obligation to be satisfied, in whole or in part, by an arrangement whereby a certain number of Shares issued pursuant to any Award are immediately sold and proceeds from such sale are remitted to the Company in an amount that would satisfy the withholding amount due. SECTION 14.    Section 409A awards Awards to U.S. taxpayers are intended to be exempt from Section 409A to the greatest extent possible and to otherwise comply with Section 409A. The Plan and all Awards shall be interpreted in accordance with such intent. To the extent that any Award granted to a U.S. taxpayer is determined to constitute “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A (a “409A Award”), the Award shall be subject to such additional rules and requirements as specified by the Administrator from time to time in order to comply with Section 409A. In this regard, if any amount under a 409A Award is payable upon a “separation from service” (within the meaning of Section 409A) to a grantee who is then considered a “specified employee” (within the meaning of Section 409A), then no such payment shall be made prior to the date that is the earlier of (i) six months and one day after the grantee’s separation from service, or (ii) the grantee’s death, but only to the extent such delay is necessary to prevent such payment from being subject to interest, penalties and/or additional tax imposed pursuant to Section 409A. Further, the settlement of any 409A Award may not be accelerated except to the extent permitted by Section 409A. The Company makes no representation that any or all of the payments or benefits described in the Plan will be exempt from or comply with Section 409A and makes no undertaking to preclude Section 409A from applying to any such payment. The grantee shall be solely responsible for the payment of any taxes and penalties incurred under Section 409A. SECTION 15.    TERMINATION OF SERVICE RELATIONSHIP, TRANSFER, LEAVE OF     ABSENCE, ETC. (a)       Termination of Service Relationship. If the grantee’s Service Relationship is with an Affiliate and such Affiliate ceases to be an Affiliate, the grantee shall be deemed to have terminated the grantee’s Service Relationship for purposes of the Plan. (b)       For purposes of the Plan, the following events shall not be deemed a termination of a Service Relationship: (i)       a transfer to the employment of the Company from an Affiliate or from the Company to an Affiliate, or from one Affiliate to another; or (ii)       an approved leave of absence for military service or sickness, or for any other purpose approved by the Company, if the employee’s right to re-employment is guaranteed either by a statute or by contract or under the policy pursuant to which the leave of absence was granted or if the Administrator otherwise so provides in writing. SECTION 16.    AMENDMENTS AND TERMINATION (a) Amendments Requiring Shareholders Approval. The Board may amend, alter or discontinue the Plan or amend the terms of any Award or Award Certificate at any time, provided that (1) no such amendment, modification, change, suspension or termination of the Plan or any Awards granted hereunder may materially impair any rights of a grantee or materially increase any obligations of a grantee under the Plan without the consent of the grantee, unless the Board determines such adjustment is required or desirable in order to comply with any applicable securities laws or stock exchange requirements, and (2) shareholder approval will be required for amendments to: (i) any increase in the maximum number of Shares that may be issued pursuant to the exercise or vesting of Awards granted under the Plan; 128 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents (ii) any reduction in the exercise price of outstanding Stock Options or Share Appreciation Rights or effect repricing through cancellation and re-grants or cancellation of Stock Options or Share Appreciation Rights in exchange for cash or other Awards or take any other action with respect to a Stock Option or Share Appreciation Right that would be treated as a repricing under the rules and regulations of any stock exchange on which the Shares are listed (except as provided in Section 3(c) or 3(d)); (iii) any amendment that extends the term of an Award beyond the original expiry date; (iv) if at any time, the Plan is amended to exclude participation by Non-Employee Directors, any amendment to the Plan that may permit the introduction or reintroduction of Non-Employee Directors on a discretionary basis; (v) any amendment that increases limits previously imposed on Non-Employee Directors; (vi) any amendment which would permit Awards to be transferable or assignable other than for normal estate settlement purposes and for the purposes established in Section 12; (vii) any amendment to increase the maximum limit of the number of securities that may be: a) issued to Insiders within any one year period; or b) issuable to Insiders at any time; under the Plan, or when combined with the Company’s other security-based compensation arrangements, which could exceed 10% of the total issued and outstanding Shares of the Company, respectively; (viii) adding provisions relating to a cashless exercise (other than a surrender of options for cash) which does not provide for a full deduction of the underlying Shares from the maximum number reserved under the Plan for issuance; and (ix) any amendment to the amending provisions of the Plan. (b) Amendments Not Requiring Shareholder Approval. Notwithstanding Section 16(a) but subject to the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Shares are then listed and applicable law, no shareholder approval will be required for (i) amendments to this Plan or any Award to avoid any additional tax on grantees under Section 409A of the United States Internal Revenue Code or other applicable tax laws or regulations; (ii) amendments to this Plan of a “housekeeping nature”; (iii) changes to the vesting or exercise provisions or other restrictions applicable to any Award, Award Certificate or this Plan not inconsistent with the provisions of Section 16(a); (iv) changes to the provisions of this Plan relating to the expiration of Awards prior to their respective expiration dates upon the occurrence of certain specified events determined by the Board; and (v) the cancellation of an Award. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 129 Table of Contents Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent required under the rules of any securities exchange or market system on which the Shares are listed, or to the extent determined by the Administrator to be required by the Code to ensure that Incentive Stock Options granted under the Plan are qualified under Section 422 of the Code, Plan amendments shall be subject to approval by Company shareholders. Nothing in this Section 16 shall limit the Administrator’s authority to take any action permitted pursuant to Section 3(c) or 3(d). SECTION 17.    STATUS OF PLAN With respect to the portion of any Award that has not been exercised and any payments in cash, Shares or other consideration not received by a grantee, a grantee shall have no rights greater than those of a general creditor of the Company unless the Administrator shall otherwise expressly determine in connection with any Award or Awards. In its sole discretion, the Administrator may authorize the creation of trusts or other arrangements to meet the Company’s obligations to deliver Shares or make payments with respect to Awards hereunder, provided that the existence of such trusts or other arrangements is consistent with the foregoing sentence. SECTION 18.    GENERAL PROVISIONS (a)       No Distribution. The Administrator may require each person acquiring Shares pursuant to an Award to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that such person is acquiring the shares without a view to distribution thereof. (b)       Issuance of Shares. To the extent certificated, share certificates to grantees under this Plan shall be deemed delivered for all purposes when the Company or a share transfer agent of the Company shall have mailed such certificates in the United States mail, addressed to the grantee, at the grantee’s last known address on file with the Company. Uncertificated Shares shall be deemed delivered for all purposes when the Company or a share transfer agent of the Company shall have given to the grantee by electronic mail (with proof of receipt) or by United States mail, addressed to the grantee, at the grantee’s last known address on file with the Company, notice of issuance and recorded the issuance in its records (which may include electronic “book entry” records). Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any evidence of book entry or certificates evidencing Shares pursuant to the exercise or settlement of any Award, unless and until the Administrator has determined, with advice of counsel (to the extent the Administrator deems such advice necessary or advisable), that the issuance and delivery is in compliance with all applicable laws, regulations of governmental authorities and, if applicable, the requirements of any exchange on which the Share are listed, quoted or traded. Any Shares issued pursuant to the Plan shall be subject to any stop-transfer orders and other restrictions as the Administrator deems necessary or advisable to comply with federal, state or foreign jurisdiction, securities or other laws, rules and quotation system on which the Shares listed, quoted or traded. The Administrator may place legends on any share certificate or notations on any book entry to reference restrictions applicable to the Shares. In addition to the terms and conditions provided herein, the Administrator may require that an individual make such reasonable covenants, agreements, and representations as the Administrator, in its discretion, deems necessary or advisable in order to comply with any such laws, regulations, or requirements. The Administrator shall have the right to require any individual to comply with any timing or other restrictions with respect to the settlement or exercise of any Award, including a window-period limitation, as may be imposed in the discretion of the Administrator. (c)       Shareholder Rights. Until Shares are deemed delivered in accordance with Section 18(b), no right to vote or receive dividends (other than the granting of Dividend Equivalent Rights as provided for under this Plan) or any other rights of a shareholder will exist with respect to Shares to be issued in connection with an Award, notwithstanding the exercise of a Stock Option or any other action by the grantee with respect to an Award. (d)       Other Compensation Arrangements; No Employment Rights. Nothing contained in this Plan shall prevent the Board from adopting other or additional compensation arrangements, including trusts, and such arrangements may be either generally applicable or applicable only in specific cases. The adoption of this Plan and the grant of Awards do not confer upon any employee any right to continued employment with the Company or any Subsidiary. 130 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents (e)       Trading Policy Restrictions. Option exercises and other Awards under the Plan shall be subject to the Company’s insider trading policies and procedures, as in effect from time to time. (f)       Clawback Policy. All Awards shall be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or recoupment to the extent necessary to comply with (i) any clawback, forfeiture or other similar policy adopted by the Board or Administrator; and (ii) applicable law. SECTION 19.    EFFECTIVE DATE OF PLAN This Plan shall become effective upon shareholder approval in accordance with applicable law, the Company’s bylaws and articles of incorporation, and applicable stock exchange rules. No grants of Awards may be made hereunder after the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date and no grants of Incentive Stock Options may be made hereunder after the tenth anniversary of the date the Plan is approved by the Board. SECTION 20.    GOVERNING LAW This Plan and all Awards and actions taken thereunder shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the Province of British Columbia. DATE APPROVED BY BOARD OF DIRECTORS: April 3, 2023 DATE APPROVED BY SHAREHOLDERS: 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 131 Table of Contents APPENDIX C: ESPP 132 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents RITCHIE BROS. AUCTIONEERS INCORPORATED 2023 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN The purpose of the Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated 2023 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Plan”) is to provide eligible employees of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated (the “Company”) and each Designated Company (as defined in Section 11) with opportunities to purchase common shares in the capital of the Company (the “Common Shares”). An aggregate of 3,000,000 Common Shares have been approved and reserved for this purpose. The Plan includes two components: a Code Section 423 Component (the “423 Component”) and a non-Code Section 423 Component (the “Non-423 Component”). It is intended for the 423 Component to constitute an “employee stock purchase plan” within the meaning of Section 423(b) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), and the 423 Component shall be interpreted in accordance with that intent (although the Company makes no undertaking or representation to maintain such qualification). In addition, this Plan authorizes the grant of Rights (as defined in Section 8) under the Non-423 Component, which does not qualify as an “employee stock purchase plan” under Section 423 of the Code, and such Rights granted under the Non-423 Component shall be granted pursuant to separate Offerings (as defined in Section 2) containing such sub-plans, appendices, rules or procedures as may be adopted by the Administrator (as defined in Section 1) and designed to achieve tax, securities laws or other objectives for eligible employees and the Designated Companies in locations outside of the United States. Except as otherwise provided herein or by the Administrator, the Non-423 Component will operate and be administered in the same manner as the 423 Component. For purposes of this Plan, the Administrator may designate separate Offerings under the Plan, the terms of which need not be identical, in which eligible employees will participate, even if the dates of the applicable Offerings are identical, provided that the terms of participation are the same within each separate Offering under the 423 Component as determined under Section 423 of the Code. Solely by way of example and without limiting the foregoing, the Company could, but shall not be required to, provide for simultaneous Offerings under the 423 Component and the Non- 423 Component of the Plan. 1.       Administration. The Plan will be administered by the person or persons (the “Administrator”) appointed by the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) for such purpose. The Administrator has authority at any time to: (i) adopt, alter and repeal such rules, guidelines and practices for the administration of the Plan and for its own acts and proceedings as it shall deem advisable; (ii) interpret the terms and provisions of the Plan; (iii) determine when and how Rights will be granted and the provisions and terms of each Offering (which need not be identical); (iv) select Designated Companies; (v) make all determinations it deems advisable for the administration of the Plan; (vi) decide all disputes arising in connection with the Plan; and (vii) otherwise supervise the administration of the Plan. Further, the Administrator may adopt rules or procedures relating to the operation and administration of the Plan to accommodate the specific requirements of local laws and procedures, provided that the adoption and implementation of any such rules and/or procedures would not cause the 423 Component to be in noncompliance with Section 423 of the Code. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Administrator is specifically authorized to adopt rules and procedures regarding handling of participation elections, payroll deductions, payment of interest, conversion of local currency, payroll tax, withholding procedures and handling of share certificates that vary with local requirements. All interpretations and decisions of the Administrator shall be binding on all persons, including the Company and the Participants (as defined in Section 11). No member of the Board or individual exercising administrative authority with respect to the Plan shall be liable for any action or determination made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any Right granted hereunder. 2.       Offerings. The Company shall make one or more offerings to eligible employees to purchase Common Shares under the Plan (“Offerings”) consisting of one or more Purchase Periods. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, the initial Offering will begin on the first trading day on or after July 1, 2023 and end on the last trading day on or prior to November 15, 2023. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, subsequent Offerings will be 12 months long and separate subsequent Offerings will (a) begin on the first trading day on or after each May 15 and end on the last trading day on or prior to the following May 14, and (b) begin on the first trading day on or after each November 15 and end on the last trading day on or prior to the following November 14. The Administrator may, in its discretion, designate a different period for any Offering (which may 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 133 Table of Contents be longer or shorter than 12 months), provided that no Offering shall exceed 27 months in duration. Unless the Administrator determines otherwise, each Offering shall be divided into two six-month Purchase Periods ending on the last trading day on or before May 14 and November 14. Furthermore, except as otherwise determined by the Administrator, Participants will only be permitted to participate in one Offering at a time. Unless the Administrator, in its sole discretion, determines otherwise prior to an Offering Date (as defined below), and to the extent an Offering has more than one Purchase Period and to the extent permitted by applicable law, if the Fair Market Value of the Common Shares on any Exercise Date in an Offering is lower than the Fair Market Value of the Common Shares on the Offering Date, then all participants in such Offering automatically will be withdrawn from such Offering immediately after the exercise of their Right on such Exercise Date and automatically re-enrolled in the immediately following Offering as of the first day thereof and the preceding Offering will terminate. 3.       Eligibility. All individuals classified as employees on the payroll records of the Company or a Designated Company as of the first day of the applicable Offering (the “Offering Date”) are eligible to participate in such Offering under the Plan, provided that the Administrator may determine, in advance of any Offering, that employees are eligible only if, as of the Offering Date, (a) they are customarily employed by the Company or a Designated Company for more than 20 hours a week, (b) they are customarily employed by the Company or a Designated Company for more than five months per calendar year, and/or (c) they have completed six months of employment (or such other period as determined by the Administrator, provided such service requirement does not exceed two years of employment). Notwithstanding any other provision herein, individuals who are not contemporaneously classified as employees of the Company or a Designated Company for purposes of the Company’s or applicable Designated Company’s payroll system are not considered to be eligible employees of the Company or any Designated Company and shall not be eligible to participate in the Plan. In the event any such individuals are reclassified as employees of the Company or a Designated Company for any purpose, including, without limitation, common law or statutory employees, by any action of any third party, including, without limitation, any government agency, or as a result of any private lawsuit, action or administrative proceeding, such individuals shall, notwithstanding such reclassification, remain ineligible for participation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the exclusive means for individuals who are not contemporaneously classified as employees of the Company or a Designated Company on the Company’s or Designated Company’s payroll system to become eligible to participate in this Plan is through an amendment to this Plan, duly executed by the Company, that specifically renders such individuals eligible to participate herein. 4.       Participation. An eligible employee who is not a Participant in any prior Offering may participate in a subsequent Offering by submitting an enrollment form to the Company or an agent designated by the Company in a manner determined by the Administrator (including, but not limited to, by electronic means) by such deadline as shall be established by the Administrator for the Offering, provided that such enrollment form is filed when the Company is not in a blackout period established by the Company’s insider trading policies and procedures, as in effect from time to time. The enrollment form will (a) state a whole percentage (unless the Administrator determines in advance of an Offering to require that a fixed amount be specified in lieu of a percentage) to be contributed from an eligible employee’s Compensation (as defined in Section 11) per pay period, and (b) authorize the purchase of Common Shares in each Offering in accordance with the terms of the Plan. An employee who does not enroll in accordance with these procedures will be deemed to have waived the right to participate. Unless a Participant files a new enrollment form, withdraws from the Plan or otherwise becomes ineligible to participate in the Plan, such Participant’s deductions and purchases will continue at the same percentage of Compensation for future Offerings, provided the Participant remains eligible. Notwithstanding the foregoing, participation in the Plan will neither be permitted nor be denied contrary to the requirements of the Code. 5.       Employee Contributions. Each eligible employee may authorize payroll deductions at a minimum of one percent (1%) up to a maximum of fifteen percent (15%) of such employee’s Compensation for each pay period or such other minimum or maximum as may be specified by the Administrator in advance of an Offering, provided that the maximum specified by the Administrator does not exceed fifteen percent (15%). The Company will maintain book accounts showing the amount of payroll deductions made by each Participant for each Offering. No interest will accrue or be paid on payroll deductions, unless required under applicable law. In addition to such payroll deductions, Participants other than “executive officers” of the Company, within the meaning of Rule 3b-7 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, may elect to purchase Common Shares pursuant to a Cashless Participation Program by designating an additional amount to be contributed to at the end of such Purchase Period. 134 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Notwithstanding any other provisions of the Plan to the contrary, in non-U.S. jurisdictions where participation in the Plan through payroll deductions is prohibited or otherwise problematic under applicable laws (as determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion), the Administrator may provide that an eligible employee may elect to participate through other contributions in a form acceptable to the Administrator in lieu of or in addition to payroll deductions; provided, however, that, for any Offering under the 423 Component, any alternative method of contribution must be applied on an equal and uniform basis to all eligible employees in the Offering. Any reference to “payroll deductions” in this Section 5 (or in any other section of the Plan) will similarly cover contributions by other means made pursuant to this Section 5. 6.       Deduction Changes. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, except in the case of withdrawal as outlined in Section 7, a Participant may decrease such Participant’s payroll deductions once during a Purchase Period but may not increase such Participant’s payroll deductions during any Purchase Period. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator, a Participant may increase or decrease such Participant’s payroll deductions with respect to the next Purchase Period (subject to the limitations of Section 5) by filing a new enrollment form by such deadline as shall be established by the Administrator for the Offering, provided that such enrollment form is filed when the Company is not in a blackout period established by the Company’s insider trading policies and procedures, as in effect from time to time. The Administrator may, in advance of any Purchase Period, establish rules permitting a Participant to increase, decrease or terminate such Participant’s payroll deductions during a Purchase Period. If a Participant reduces his or her payroll deduction percentage to 0%, then any election to purchase Common Shares pursuant to the Cashless Participation Program shall automatically terminate. 7.       Withdrawal. A Participant may withdraw from participation in the Plan by giving written notice to the Company or an agent designated by the Company in a form acceptable to the Administrator (including, but not limited to, by electronic means) no later than one month prior to the end of the then-applicable Offering (or such shorter or longer period as may be specified by the Administrator prior to any Offering), provided that the withdrawal notice is submitted when the Company is not in a blackout period established by the Company’s insider trading policies and procedures, as in effect from time to time. The Participant’s withdrawal will be effective as soon as practicable following receipt of written notice of withdrawal by the Company or an agent designated by the Company. Following a Participant’s withdrawal, the Company will promptly refund such Participant’s entire account balance under the Plan to such Participant (after payment for any Common Shares purchased before the effective date of withdrawal). Partial withdrawals are not permitted. Such an employee may not begin participation again during the remainder of the Offering, but may enroll in a subsequent Offering in accordance with Section 4. 8.       Grant of Rights. On each Offering Date, the Company will grant to each eligible employee who is then a Participant in the Plan a right (“Right”) to purchase on the last day of a Purchase Period (the “Exercise Date”), the lowest of (a) a number of Common Shares determined by dividing such Participant’s accumulated payroll deductions on such Exercise Date by the Right Price (as defined herein), (b) the number of Common Shares determined by dividing $25,000 by the Fair Market Value of the Common Shares (as defined in Section 11) on the Offering Date for such Offering; or (c) such other lesser maximum number of Common Shares as shall have been established by the Administrator in advance of the Offering; provided, however, that such Right shall be subject to the limitations set forth below. For the avoidance of doubt, each Right under the 423 Component is intended to constitute an option granted under an “employee stock purchase plan” within the meaning of Section 423(b) of the Code. Each Participant’s Right shall be exercisable only to the extent of such Participant’s accumulated payroll deductions on the Exercise Date. The purchase price for each share purchased under each Right (the “Right Price”) will be eighty-five percent (85%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Shares on the Offering Date or the Exercise Date, whichever is less. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Participant may be granted a Right hereunder if such Participant, immediately after the Right was granted, would be treated as owning shares possessing five percent (5%) or more of the total combined voting power or value of all classes of shares of the Company or any Parent or Subsidiary (as defined in Section 11). For purposes of the preceding sentence, the attribution rules of Section 424(d) of the Code shall apply in determining the share ownership of a Participant, and all shares that the Participant has a contractual right to purchase shall be treated as shares owned by the Participant. In addition, no Participant may be granted a Right that permits such Participant rights to purchase shares under the Plan, and any other employee stock purchase 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 135 Table of Contents plan of the Company and its Parents and Subsidiaries, to accrue at a rate that exceeds $25,000 of the fair market value of such shares (determined on the Right grant date or dates) for each calendar year in which the Right is outstanding at any time. The purpose of the limitation in the preceding sentence is to comply with Section 423(b)(8) of the Code and shall be applied taking Rights into account in the order in which they were granted. 9.       Exercise of Right and Purchase of Shares. Each employee who continues to be a Participant in the Plan on the Exercise Date shall be deemed to have exercised such Participant’s Right on such date and will acquire from the Company a whole Common Shares reserved for the purpose of the Plan using (i) such Participant’s accumulated payroll deductions and (ii) additional contributions made pursuant to the Cashless Participation Program, subject to any other limitations contained in the Plan. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator in advance of any Offering, any amount remaining in a Participant’s account after the purchase of shares on an Exercise Date solely by reason of the inability to purchase a fractional share will be carried forward to the next Purchase Period and, if such Exercise Date is the final Exercise Date of an Offering, will be carried forward to the next Offering; any other balance remaining in a Participant’s account at the end of an Offering will be refunded to the Participant promptly. 10.     Delivery of Shares. As soon as practicable after each Exercise Date, the Company shall arrange the delivery to each Participant of the Common Shares acquired by the Participant on such Exercise Date; provided that the Company may deliver such shares to a broker that holds such shares in street name for the benefit of the Participant. 11.     Definitions. The term “Affiliate” means any entity that is directly or indirectly controlled by the Company that does not meet the definition of a Subsidiary below, as determined by the Administrator, whether now or hereafter existing. The Term “Cashless Participation Program” means a program as may be adopted or amended by the Administrator from time to time to allow Participants eligible for such program to make contributions to the Plan through loans from a third-party provider of the Cashless Participation Program. The term “Compensation” means, unless the Administrator determines otherwise (subject to applicable law and stock exchange policies), the regular or basic rate of compensation. The Administrator shall have the discretion to determine the application of this definition to Participants outside of the United States. The term “Designated Company” means each Affiliate and Subsidiary that has been designated by the Administrator from time to time, in its sole discretion, as eligible to participate in the Plan, such designation to specify whether such participation is in the 423 Component or Non-423 Component. A Designated Company may participate in either the 423 Component or Non-423 Component, but not both. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Affiliate or Subsidiary is disregarded for U.S. tax purposes in respect of the Company or any Designated Company participating in the 423 Component, then such disregarded Affiliate or Subsidiary shall automatically be a Designated Company participating in the 423 Component. If any Affiliate or Subsidiary is disregarded for U.S. tax purposes in respect of any Designated Company participating in the Non-423 Component, the Administrator may exclude such Affiliate or Subsidiary from participating in the Plan, notwithstanding that the Designated Company in respect of which such Affiliate or Subsidiary is disregarded may participate in the Plan. The Administrator may so designate any Affiliate or Subsidiary, or revoke any such designation, at any time and from time to time, either before or after the Plan is approved by the shareholders. The term “Fair Market Value of the Common Shares” on any given date means the closing price of the Common Shares for such date on the NYSE or the TSX, whichever exchange has the majority of the trading volume at such time. If there is no closing price for such date, the determination shall be made by reference to the last date preceding such date for which there is a closing price. 136 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents The term “New Exercise Date” means a new Exercise Date if the Administrator shortens any Offering then in progress. The term “NYSE” means the New York Stock Exchange. The term “Insider” has the same meaning as found in the TSX Company Manual. The term “Parent” means a “parent corporation” with respect to the Company, as defined in Section 424(e) of the Code. The term “Participant” means an individual who is eligible as determined in Section 3 and who has complied with the provisions of Section 4. The term “Purchase Period” means a period of time within an Offering, as may be specified by the Administrator in accordance with Section 2, generally beginning on the Offering Date or the next day following an Exercise Date within an Offering, and ending on an Exercise Date. An Offering may consist of one or more Purchase Periods. The term “Sale Event” means (i) the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company on a consolidated basis to an unrelated person or entity, (ii) a merger, reorganization, statutory share exchange, consolidation, or similar transaction pursuant to which the holders of the Company’s outstanding voting power and outstanding shares immediately prior to such transaction do not own a majority of the outstanding voting power and outstanding shares or other equity interests of the resulting or successor entity (or its ultimate parent, if applicable) immediately upon completion of such transaction, (iii) the sale of all of the Common Shares to an unrelated person, entity or group thereof acting in concert, (iv) any other transaction in which the owners of the Company’s outstanding voting power immediately prior to such transaction do not own at least a majority of the outstanding voting power of the Company or any successor entity immediately upon completion of the transaction other than as a result of the acquisition of securities directly from the Company, or (v) the approval by the shareholders of the Company of a complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company. The term “Subsidiary” means a “subsidiary corporation” with respect to the Company, as defined in Section 424(f) of the Code. The term “TSX” means the Toronto Stock Exchange. 12.     Rights on Termination of Employment. Unless otherwise required by applicable law, if a Participant’s employment terminates for any reason before the Exercise Date for any Offering, such Participant’s participation in the Plan will terminate immediately and no payroll deductions will be taken from any pay due and owing to the Participant on or after the termination date. The balance in the Participant’s account will be paid to such Participant or, in the case of such Participant’s death, if permitted by the Administrator and valid under applicable law, to such Participant’s designated beneficiary or, if no beneficiary has been designated or such designation is not valid, to such Participant’s legal heirs. An employee will be deemed to have terminated employment, for this purpose, if the entity that employs such employee, having been a Designated Company, ceases to be an Affiliate or a Subsidiary, or if the employee is transferred to any entity other than the Company or a Designated Company. An employee will not be deemed to have terminated employment for this purpose, if the employee is on an approved leave of absence for military service or sickness or for any other purpose approved by the Company, if the employee’s right to reemployment is guaranteed either by a statute or by contract or under the policy pursuant to which the leave of absence was granted or if the Administrator otherwise provides in writing. If a Participant transfers employment from the Company or any Designated Company participating in the 423 Component to any Designated Company participating in the Non-423 Component, such transfer shall not be treated as a termination of employment, but the Participant shall immediately cease to participate in the 423 Component; provided, however, any contributions made for the Offering in which such transfer occurs shall 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 137 Table of Contents be transferred to the Non-423 Component, and such Participant shall immediately join the then-current Offering under the Non-423 Component on the same terms and conditions in effect for the Participant’s participation in the 423 Component, except for such modifications otherwise applicable for Participants in such Offering. A Participant who transfers employment from any Designated Company participating in the Non-423 Component to the Company or any Designated Company participating in the 423 Component shall not be treated as terminating the Participant’s employment and shall remain a Participant in the Non-423 Component until the earlier of (i) the end of the current Offering under the Non-423 Component, or (ii) the Offering Date of the first Offering in which the Participant is eligible to participate following such transfer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator may establish different rules to govern transfers of employment between companies participating in the 423 Component and the Non-423 Component, consistent with the applicable requirements of Section 423 of the Code. 13.     Rights Holders Not Shareholders. Neither the granting of a Right to a Participant nor the deductions from a Participant’s pay or other contributions shall constitute such Participant a holder of the Common Shares covered by a Right under the Plan until such Common Shares have been purchased by and issued to the Participant. 14.     Rights Not Transferable. Rights under the Plan are not transferable by a Participant other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution, and are exercisable during the Participant’s lifetime only by the Participant; provided that the Common Shares acquired pursuant to the terms of the Cashless Participation Program may be pledged and sold pursuant to the terms of the Cashless Participation Program. 15.     Application of Funds. All funds received or held by the Company under the Plan may be combined with other corporate funds and may be used for any corporate purpose, unless otherwise required under applicable law. 16.     Adjustment in Case of Changes Affecting Common Shares. In the event of a subdivision of outstanding Common Shares, the payment of a dividend in Common Shares or any other change affecting the Common Shares, the number of shares approved for the Plan and any share limitation set forth in Section 8 shall be equitably or proportionately adjusted to give proper effect to such event. In the case of and subject to the consummation of a Sale Event, the Administrator, in its discretion, and on such terms and conditions as it deems appropriate, is hereby authorized to take any one or more of the following actions whenever the Administrator determines that such action is appropriate in order to prevent the dilution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made available under the Plan or with respect to any right under the Plan or to facilitate such transactions or events, provided, however, no action shall be taken to the extent that it will cause the Rights held by Participants who are resident in Canada or employed in Canada to not comply with section 7 of the Income Tax Act (Canada): (a)      To provide for either (i) termination of any outstanding Right in exchange for an amount of cash, if any, equal to the amount that would have been obtained upon the exercise of such Right had such Right been currently exercisable or (ii) the replacement of such outstanding Right with other rights or property selected by the Administrator in its sole discretion. (b)      To provide that the outstanding Rights under the Plan shall be assumed by the successor or survivor corporation, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, or shall be substituted for similar rights covering the securities of the successor or survivor corporation, or a parent or subsidiary thereof, with appropriate adjustments as to the number and kind of shares and prices. (c)      To make adjustments in the number and type of Common Shares (or other securities or property) subject to outstanding Rights under the Plan and/or in the terms and conditions of outstanding Rights and Rights that may be granted in the future. (d)      To provide that the Offering with respect to which a Right relates will be shortened by setting a New Exercise Date on which such Offering will end. The New Exercise Date will occur before the date of the Sale Event. The Administrator will notify each Participant in writing or electronically prior to the New Exercise 138 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Date, that the Exercise Date for the Participant’s Right has been changed to the New Exercise Date and that the Participant’s Right will be exercised automatically on the New Exercise Date, unless the Participant has withdrawn from the Offering in advance of the New Exercise Date as provided in Section 7 hereof. (e)      To provide that all outstanding Rights shall terminate without being exercised and all amounts in the accounts of Participants shall be promptly refunded. 17.     Section 409A. The 423 Component of the Plan and the Rights granted pursuant to Offerings thereunder are intended to be exempt from the application of Section 409A of the Code. Neither the Non-423 Component nor any Right granted pursuant to an Offering thereunder is intended to constitute or provide for “nonqualified deferred compensation” within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, if the Administrator determines that any Right granted under the Plan may be or become subject to Section 409A of the Code or that any provision of the Plan may cause a Right granted under the Plan to be or become subject to Section 409A of the Code, the Administrator may adopt such amendments to the Plan and/or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions as the Administrator determines are necessary or appropriate to avoid the imposition of taxes under Section 409A of the Code, either through compliance with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or with an available exemption therefrom. 18.     Amendment of the Plan. (a)      The Board may, insofar as permitted by law and subject to any required approval of the NYSE and the TSX, any other stock exchange or other authority, amend, modify, revise or otherwise change the terms of the Plan, in whole or in part, provided that no action shall be taken to the extent that it will cause the Rights held by Participants who are resident in Canada or employed in Canada to not comply with section 7 of the Income Tax Act (Canada). (b)      For greater certainty and without limiting any of this Section 18, shareholder approval shall not be required for the following amendments, subject to any regulatory approvals including, where required, the approval of the NYSE, the TSX and any other stock exchange on which the Shares are then listed or quoted for trading: i. amendments of a “housekeeping” nature, including any amendment for the purpose of curing any ambiguity, error or omission in the Plan or to correct or supplement any provision of the Plan that is inconsistent with any other provision hereof; ii. amendments necessary to comply with the provisions of applicable law including, without limitation, the rules, regulations, and policies of the NYSE and the TSX; iii. amendments to the eligibility to participate in Offerings under the Plan other than an amendment which would have the potential of broadening or increasing Insider participation; iv. amendments respecting administration of the Plan, including, but not limited to changinginput of data using telephonic facilities, over certain approved secured internet facilities or other electronic facilities as deemed appropriate by the process by which an eligible employees mayboard); and (ii) participate in the Plan,meeting of shareholders by means of telephonic, electronic or other communication facilities that permit all participants to communicate adequately with each other during the meeting, in a manner as approved by the board as orderly and secured and if the Corporation makes available such as changingcommunication facilities. (c) Meeting by Electronic Means – Subject to compliance with applicable requirements under the Purchase Period, changingBusiness Corporations Act (Ontario) and regulations thereunder and applicable securities laws, the board may determine the manner inof which employee contributionsmeetings of shareholder shall be held (either at a specific place, or by means of telephonic, electronic or other communication facilities that permit all participants to communicate adequately with each other, or a combination of the foregoing as the board deems appropriate). When calling a meeting of shareholders, the board may determine that such meeting will be made, changing the formheld entirely by means of enrollment form and changing the place where such payments and notices must be delivered; v. amendments to the allowable employee contribution established in Section 5,telephonic, electronic or other communication facilities, provided that the allowable employee contribution may not exceed 15% of an eligible employee’s Compensation forboard is reasonably satisfied that all participants shall be able to communicate adequately with each pay period; and vi. amendments necessary to suspend or terminateother during the Plan.meeting. 2023 PROXY STATEMENT (d) 139Procedures in relation to Electronic Participation. Subject to compliance with applicable requirements under the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) and regulations thereunder and applicable securities laws, the board may establish, in connection with any meeting of shareholders, procedures regarding voting at the meeting by means of telephonic, electronic or other communication facilities consistent with those procedures. The board may determine from time to time that the voting at any specific meeting shall be held entirely by such means. INDEMNIFICATION Table6. Indemnification of Contents directors and officers. The Corporation shall indemnify a director or officer of the Corporation, a former director or officer of the Corporation or a person who acts or acted at the Corporation’s request as a director or officer of a body corporate of which the Corporation is or was a shareholder or creditor, and his heirs and legal representatives to the extent permitted by the Business Corporations Act (Ontario). (c)      Any such amendment shall be effective at such date as the Board may determine, except that no such amendment, other than one of a minor nature, may apply to any period prior to the announcement of the amendment unless, in the opinion of the Board, such amendment is necessary or advisable in order to comply with the provisions of applicable legislation (including any regulations or rulings thereunder) or would not adversely affect the rights of Participants in respect of the Plan. Notice of any amendment of the Plan shall be given promptly to the Administrator and, except for changes of a minor nature which do not adversely affect their interests, shall also be given to all Participants. Notwithstanding Section 18(b), Shareholder approval shall be required for: 7. i. Indemnity of others. Except as otherwise required by the Business Corporations Act (Ontario) and subject to paragraph 6, the Corporation may from time to time indemnify and save harmless any amendmentperson who was or is a party or is threatened to increasebe made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (other than an action by or in the maximum numberright of Shares reservedthe Corporation) by reason of the fact that he is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, agent of or participant in another body corporate, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including legal fees), judgments, fines and any amount actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, had reasonable grounds for issuance from treasury underbelieving that his conduct was lawful. The termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement or conviction shall not, of itself, create a presumption that the Plan;person did not act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Corporation and, with respect to any criminal or administrative action or proceeding that is enforced by a monetary penalty, had no reasonable grounds for believing that his conduct was lawful. 8. ii. Right of indemnity not exclusive. The provisions for indemnification contained in the by-laws of the Corporation shall not be deemed exclusive of any amendment that would increaseother rights to which any person seeking indemnification may be entitled under any agreement, vote of shareholders or directors or otherwise, both as to action in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the allowable employee contribution established in Section 5 to an amount greater than 15%benefit of an eligible employee’s Compensation for each pay period;the heirs and legal representatives of such a person. 9. iii. No liability of directors or officers for certain matters. To the extent permitted by law, no director or officer for the time being of the Corporation shall be liable for the acts, receipts, neglects or defaults of any amendment that would provideother director or officer or employee or for joining in any receipt or act for conformity or for any formloss, damage or expense happening to the Corporation through the insufficiency or deficiency of financial assistancetitle to Participants; iv. any amendmentproperty acquired by the Corporation or for or on behalf of the Corporation or for the insufficiency or deficiency of any security in or upon which any of the moneys of or belonging to remove, exceedthe Corporation shall be placed out or increaseinvested or for any loss or damage arising from the limits on Insider participationbankruptcy, insolvency or tortious act of any person, firm or body corporate with whom or which any moneys, securities or other assets belonging to the Corporation shall be lodged or deposited or for any loss, conversion, misapplication or misappropriation of or any damage resulting from any dealings with any moneys, securities or other assets belonging to the Corporation or for any other loss, damage or misfortune whatever which may happen in the Plan establishedexecution of the duties of his respective office or trust or in relation thereto unless the same shall happen by Section 24,or through his failure to act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Corporation and in connection therewith to exercise the care, diligence and skill that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. If any  v.143 2024 Proxy Statement director or officer of the Corporation shall be employed by or shall perform services for the Corporation otherwise than as a director or officer or shall be a member of a firm or a shareholder, director or officer of a body corporate which is employed by or performs services for the Corporation, the fact of his being a director or officer of the Corporation shall not disentitle such director or officer or such firm or body corporate, as the case may be, from receiving proper remuneration for such services. BANKING ARRANGEMENTS, CONTRACTS, ETC. 10. Banking arrangements. The banking business of the Corporation, or any part thereof, shall be transacted with such banks, trust companies or other financial institutions as the board may designate, appoint or authorize from time to time by resolution and all such banking business, or any part thereof, shall be transacted on the Corporation’s behalf by such one or more officers and/or other persons as the board may designate, direct or authorize from time to time by resolution and to the extent therein provided. 11. Execution of instruments. Contracts, documents or instruments in writing requiring execution by the Corporation shall be signed by any one officer or director, and all contracts, documents or instruments in writing so signed shall be binding upon the Corporation without any further authorization or formality. The board is authorized from time to time by resolution to appoint any director or directors, officer or officers or any other person or persons on behalf of the Corporation to sign and deliver either contracts, documents or instruments in writing generally or to sign either manually or by facsimile signature and deliver specific contracts, documents or instruments in writing. The term “contracts, documents or instruments in writing” as used in this By-law No. 2 shall include deeds, mortgages, charges, conveyances, powers of attorney, transfers and assignments of property of all kinds including specifically but without limitation transfers and assignments of shares, warrants, bonds, debentures or other securities and all paper writings. MISCELLANEOUS 12. Invalidity of any provisions of this By-law No. 2. The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this by-law shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions of this By-law No.2. 13. Omissions and errors. The accidental omission to give any notice to any shareholder, director, officer or auditor or the non-receipt of any notice by any shareholder, director, officer or auditor or any error in any notice not affecting the substance thereof shall not invalidate any action taken at any meeting held pursuant to such notice or otherwise founded thereon. INTERPRETATION 14. Interpretation. In this By-law No. 2 and all other by-laws of the Corporation words importing the singular number only shall include the plural and vice versa; words importing the masculine gender shall include the feminine and neuter genders; words importing persons shall include an individual, partnership, association, body corporate, executor, administrator or legal representative and any number or aggregate of persons; “articles” include the original or restated articles of incorporation, articles of amendment, articles of amalgamation, articles of continuance, articles of reorganization, articles of arrangement and articles of revival; “board” shall mean the board of directors of the Corporation; “Business Corporations Act (Ontario)” shall mean Business Corporations Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. B. 16 as amended from time to time or any Act that may hereafter be substituted therefor; and “meeting of shareholders” shall mean and include an annual meeting of shareholders and a special meeting of shareholders. REPEAL 15. Repeal. All previous by-laws of the Corporation are repealed as of the coming into force of this by-law provided that such repeal will not affect the previous operation of any by-law so repealed or affect the validity of any act done or right, privilege, obligation or liability acquired or incurred under or the validity of any contract or agreement made pursuant to any such by-law prior to its repeal. All officers and persons acting under any by-law so repealed will continue to act as if appointed by the directors under the provisions of this Section 18 which is not an amendment withinby-law or the nature of Subsections 18(b)(i) or 18(b)(ii).Business Corporations Act (Ontario) until their successors are appointed. 19.     Insufficient Shares. If the total number of Common Shares that would otherwise be purchased on any Exercise Date plus the number 144 2024 Proxy Statement APPENDIX D: SECTION 190 OF THE CBCA Right to dissent 190 (1) Subject to sections 191 and 241, a holder of shares purchased under previous Offerings underof any class of a corporation may dissent if the Plan exceeds the maximum number of shares issuable under the Plan, the shares then available shall be apportioned among Participants in proportion to the amount of payroll deductions accumulated on behalf of each Participant that would otherwise be used to purchase Common Shares on such Exercise Date. 20.     Termination of the Plan. The Plan may be terminated at any time by the Board, provided that, to the extent there are any outstanding Rights, no action shall be taken to the extent that it will cause the Rights held by Participants who are resident in Canada or employed in Canada to not comply with section 7 of the Income Tax Act (Canada). Upon termination of the Plan, all amounts in the accounts of Participants shall be promptly refunded. 21.     Governmental Regulations. The Company’s obligation to sell and deliver Common Shares under the Plancorporation is subject to obtaining all governmental approvals requiredan order under paragraph 192(4)(d) that affects the holder or if the corporation resolves to (a) amend its articles under section 173 or 174 to add, change or remove any provisions restricting or constraining the issue, transfer or ownership of shares of that class; (b) amend its articles under section 173 to add, change or remove any restriction on the business or businesses that the corporation may carry on; (c) amalgamate otherwise than under section 184; (d) be continued under section 188; (e) sell, lease or exchange all or substantially all its property under subsection 189(3); or (f) carry out a going-private transaction or a squeeze-out transaction. Further right (2) A holder of shares of any class or series of shares entitled to vote under section 176 may dissent if the corporation resolves to amend its articles in a manner described in that section. If one class of shares (2.1) The right to dissent described in connection with the authorization, issuance, or salesubsection (2) applies even if there is only one class of such shares. 22.     Governing Law. This Plan and all Rights and actions taken thereunder shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with the laws Payment for shares (3) In addition to any other right the shareholder may have, but subject to subsection (26), a shareholder who complies with this section is entitled, when the action approved by the resolution from which the shareholder dissents or an order made under subsection 192(4) becomes effective, to be paid by the corporation the fair value of the shares in respect of which the shareholder dissents, determined as of the close of business on the day before the resolution was adopted or the order was made. No partial dissent (4) A dissenting shareholder may only claim under this section with respect to all the shares of a class held on behalf of any one beneficial owner and registered in the name of the dissenting shareholder. Objection (5) A dissenting shareholder shall send to the corporation, at or before any meeting of shareholders at which a resolution referred to in subsection (1) or (2) is to be voted on, a written objection to the resolution, unless the corporation did not give notice to the shareholder of the purpose of the meeting and of their right to dissent. Notice of the Province of British Columbia and the federal laws of Canada applicable therein applied without regard to conflict of law principles.resolution 23.     Issuance of Shares. Shares may be issued upon exercise of a Right from authorized but unissued Common Shares. 24.     Insider Participation. Notwithstanding any other provision contained in this Plan, no Common Shares shall be purchased under the Plan on behalf of a Participant if, together with any other security based compensation arrangement established or maintained by the Company, such purchase could result, at any time, in: (6) (a)The corporation shall, within ten days after the shareholders adopt the resolution, send to each shareholder who has filed the objection referred to in subsection (5) notice that the resolution has been adopted, but such notice is not required to be sent to any shareholder who voted for the resolution or who has withdrawn their objection. Demand for payment (7) A dissenting shareholder shall, within twenty days after receiving a notice under subsection (6) or, if the shareholder does not receive such notice, within twenty days after learning that the resolution has been adopted, send to the corporation a written notice containing (a) the shareholder’s name and address; (b) the number and class of Common Shares issuable to Insiders, at any time, exceeding 10%shares in respect of which the shareholder dissents; and (c) a demand for payment of the issued and outstanding Common Shares from time to time; orfair value of such shares. 140 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Share certificate (8) (b) A dissenting shareholder shall, within thirty days after sending a notice under subsection (7), send the numbercertificates representing the shares in respect of Common Shares issuedwhich the shareholder dissents to Insiders within any one-year period exceeding 10% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares from time to time.corporation or its transfer agent. For Forfeiture (9) A dissenting shareholder who fails to comply with subsection (8) has no right to make a claim under this section. Endorsing certificate (10) A corporation or its transfer agent shall endorse on any share certificate received under subsection (8) a notice that the holder is a dissenting shareholder under this section and shall forthwith return the share certificates to the dissenting shareholder. 145 2024 Proxy Statement Suspension of rights (11) On sending a notice under subsection (7), a dissenting shareholder ceases to have any rights as a shareholder other than to be paid the fair value of their shares as determined under this section except where (a) the shareholder withdraws that notice before the corporation makes an offer under subsection (12), (b) the corporation fails to make an offer in accordance with subsection (12) and the shareholder withdraws the notice, or (c) the directors revoke a resolution to amend the articles under subsection 173(2) or 174(5), terminate an amalgamation agreement under subsection 183(6) or an application for continuance under subsection 188(6), or abandon a sale, lease or exchange under subsection 189(9), in which case the purposes of this Section 24, “issued and outstanding Common Shares” is determined on the basis of the number of Common Shares thatshareholder’s rights are outstanding immediately prior to the purchase of the Common Shares. 25.     Tax Withholding. Participation in the Plan is subject to any applicable U.S. and non-U.S. federal, state or local tax withholding requirements on income the Participant realizes in connection with the Plan. Each Participant agrees, by entering the Plan, that the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate may, but will not be obligated to, withhold from a Participant’s wages, salary or other compensation at any time the amount necessary for the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate to meet applicable withholding obligations, including any withholding required to make available to the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate any taxes, tax deductions or benefits attributable to the sale or disposition of Common Shares by such Participant. In addition, the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate may, (i) on the behalf of a Participant, arrange for the sale of such Participant’s Common Shares acquired under the Plan and may use the proceeds of such sale to satisfy withholding obligations arising in respect of the Participant, or (ii) use any other method of withholding that the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate deems appropriate to the extent permitted by U.S. Treasury Regulation Section 1.423-2(f) with respect to the 423 Component. The Company will not be required to issue any Common Shares under the Plan until such obligations are satisfied. 26.     Notification Upon Sale of Shares Under the 423 Component. Each Participant who is subject to tax in the United States and participates in the 423 Component agrees, by entering the Plan, to give the Company prompt notice of any disposition of shares purchased under the Plan where such disposition occurs within two (2) years after the date of grant of the Right pursuant to which such shares were purchased. 27.     Effective Date and Approval of Shareholders. The Plan shall take effect on the laterreinstated as of the date it is adopted by the Board and the date it is approved by the Company’s shareholders in accordance with applicable law, the Company’s bylaws and articles of amalgamation (as amended from time to time), and applicable stock exchange rules. DATE APPROVED BY BOARD OF DIRECTORS: April 3, 2023 DATE APPROVED BY SHAREHOLDERS:notice was sent. Offer to pay 2023 PROXY STATEMENT (12) 141A corporation shall, not later than seven days after the later of the day on which the action approved by the resolution is effective or the day the corporation received the notice referred to in subsection (7), send to each dissenting shareholder who has sent such notice Table (a) a written offer to pay for their shares in an amount considered by the directors of Contents the corporation to be the fair value, accompanied by a statement showing how the fair value was determined; or APPENDIX D: FORM 8-K REGARDING 2023 CHANGE OF AUDITOR 142 (b) 2023 PROXY STATEMENT if subsection (26) applies, a notification that it is unable lawfully to pay dissenting shareholders for their shares. Same terms Table(13) Every offer made under subsection (12) for shares of Contents the same class or series shall be on the same terms. Payment (14) Subject to subsection (26), a corporation shall pay for the shares of a dissenting shareholder within ten days after an offer made under subsection (12) has been accepted, but any such offer lapses if the corporation does not receive an acceptance thereof within thirty days after the offer has been made. Corporation may apply to court (15) Where a corporation fails to make an offer under subsection (12), or if a dissenting shareholder fails to accept an offer, the corporation may, within fifty days after the action approved by the resolution is effective or within such further period as a court may allow, apply to a court to fix a fair value for the shares of any dissenting shareholder. Shareholder application to court (16) If a corporation fails to apply to a court under subsection (15), a dissenting shareholder may apply to a court for the same purpose within a further period of twenty days or within such further period as a court may allow. Venue (17) An application under subsection (15) or (16) shall be made to a court having jurisdiction in the place where the corporation has its registered office or in the province where the dissenting shareholder resides if the corporation carries on business in that province. No security for costs (18) A dissenting shareholder is not required to give security for costs in an application made under subsection (15) or (16). Parties (19) On an application to a court under subsection (15) or (16), (a) all dissenting shareholders whose shares have not been purchased by the corporation shall be joined as parties and are bound by the decision of the court; and (b) the corporation shall notify each affected dissenting shareholder of the date, place and consequences of the application and of their right to appear and be heard in person or by counsel. Powers of court (20) On an application to a court under subsection (15) or (16), the court may determine whether any other person is a dissenting shareholder who should be joined as a party, and the court shall then fix a fair value for the shares of all dissenting shareholders. Appraisers (21) A court may in its discretion appoint one or more appraisers to assist the court to fix a fair value for the shares of the dissenting shareholders. Final order (22) The final order of a court shall be rendered against the corporation in favour of each dissenting shareholder and for the amount of the shares as fixed by the court. Interest (23) A court may in its discretion allow a reasonable rate of interest on the amount payable to each dissenting shareholder from the date the action approved by the resolution is effective until the date of payment. 146 2024 Proxy Statement Notice that subsection (26) applies (24) If subsection (26) applies, the corporation shall, within ten days after the pronouncement of an order under subsection (22), notify each dissenting shareholder that it is unable lawfully to pay dissenting shareholders for their shares. Effect where subsection (26) applies (25) If subsection (26) applies, a dissenting shareholder, by written notice delivered to the corporation within thirty days after receiving a notice under subsection (24), may (a) withdraw their notice of dissent, in which case the corporation is deemed to consent to the withdrawal and the shareholder is reinstated to their full rights as a shareholder; or (b) retain a status as a claimant against the corporation, to be paid as soon as the corporation is lawfully able to do so or, in a liquidation, to be ranked subordinate to the rights of creditors of the corporation but in priority to its shareholders. Limitation (26) A corporation shall not make a payment to a dissenting shareholder under this section if there are reasonable grounds for believing that (a) the corporation is or would after the payment be unable to pay its liabilities as they become due; or (b) the realizable value of the corporation’s assets would thereby be less than the aggregate of its liabilities.   147 2024 Proxy Statement     V31475-P99865   UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION   Washington, D.C. 20549 0001046102 rba:ChangeInPensionValueAndAboveMarketNonQualifiedDeferredCompensationMember ecd:NonPeoNeoMember 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 0001046102 5 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 FORM 8-K CURRENT REPORT Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): April 5, 2023 Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter) Canada 001-13425 98-0626225 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) (Commission File Number) (I.R.S. Employer Identification) Two Westbrook Corporate Center, Suite 500, Westchester, Illinois 60154 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) (708) 492-7000 (Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code) 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5J0C6 (Former name or former address, if changed since last report) Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below): ¨ Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) ¨ Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a -12) ¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d -2(b)) ¨ Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e -4(c)) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered Common shares RBA New York Stock Exchange Common Share Purchase Rights N/A New York Stock Exchange Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter). Emerging growth company ¨ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨ 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 143 Table of Contents Item 4.01 Changes in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant. On April 5, 2023, Ernst & Young LLP (Canada) (“E&Y Canada”) resigned as the independent registered public accounting firm of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated (the “Company”), and the audit committee of the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Audit Committee”) approved the resignation of E&Y Canada and appointed Ernst & Young LLP (United States) (“E&Y United States”) as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm. The change in the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm was due solely to the relocation of the Company’s principal executive offices from 9500 Glenlyon Parkway, Burnaby, British Columbia V5J 0C6, Canada to Two Westbrook Corporate Center, Suite 500, Westchester, Illinois 60154, United States. The reports of E&Y Canada on the consolidated financial statements for the Company’s two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, did not contain an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion and were not qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles. In connection with its audits for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and the subsequent interim period through April 5 2023, there were (1) no disagreements with E&Y Canada on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, which disagreements, if not resolved to the satisfaction of E&Y Canada would have caused them to make reference thereto in connection with its reports on the financial statements for such years and (2) no reportable events as defined in Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Regulation S-K”). E&Y Canada has been provided the disclosure in this Current Report on Form 8-K. The Company has requested E&Y Canada to furnish it with a letter addressed to the Securities and Exchange Commission stating whether or not E&Y Canada agrees with the above statements. A copy of E&Y Canada’s letter is filed as Exhibit 16.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K. On April 5, 2023, the Audit Committee engaged E&Y United States as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2023. During the Company’s two most recent fiscal years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 and the subsequent interim period through April 5 2023, E&Y United States was not consulted on any matters identified within Item 304(a)(2) of Regulation S-K. Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits. (d) Exhibits. Exhibit Number Description 16.1 Letter from Ernst & Young LLP, Chartered Professional Accountants, Canada, dated April 5, 2023. 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File. 144 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized. Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated Date: April 6, 2023 By:   /s/ Darren Watt Darren Watt Senior Vice President & General Counsel 2023 PROXY STATEMENT 145 Table of Contents Exhibit 16.1 April 5, 2023 Securities and Exchange Commission 100 F Street, N.E. Washington, DC 20549 Ladies and Gentlemen: We have read Item 4.01 of Form 8-K dated April 5, 2023, of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated and are in agreement with the statements contained in the first, second, third and fourth paragraphs therein. We have no basis to agree or disagree with other statements of the registrant contained therein. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Chartered Professional Accountants 146 2023 PROXY STATEMENT Table of Contents Table of Contents Table of Contents